Resource efficiency and Circular Economy in the EU and Japan

Overview of the EU Ecodesign and Energy Labelling schemes

Tokyo, 15 February 2016

• Europe 2020 Strategy:

– objectives on employment, innovation, education, social inclusion and climate/energy

– Flagship Initiative Resource Efficient Europe

• Europe 2020 Targets: – Reduce greenhouse gas levels by 20%

– Increase share of renewables to 20%

– Reduce energy consumption by 20%

Policy context

Ecodesign and Energy Labelling regulatory framework

Ecodesign Directive 2009/125/EC is a "Framework" defining the "rules" for setting product-specific minimum requirements on energy efficiency and other environmental parameters. Compliant products receive a "CE Mark".

Energy Labelling Directive 2010/30/EU is a "Framework" defining the "rules" for setting product-specific requirements on standard information of the consumption of energy and other resources (e.g., water)

Efficient products

Supply side Demand side

• Which products? – Significant volume of sales and trade, indicatively 200.000 units per year

– Significant environmental impact

– Significant potential for improvement in terms of its environmental impact without entailing excessive costs

• Criteria

– No negative impact on:

• Functionality

• Health and safety

• Affordability

• Industry’s competitiveness

– Not imposing proprietary technology on manufacturers

– No excessive administrative burden for manufacturers

Guiding criteria for implementation

1275/2008 Standby and off mode electric power consumption 107/2009 Simple set-top boxes 244/2009 Non-directional household lamps (amended by 859/2009/EC) 245/2009 Fluorescent lamps without integrated ballast, high intensity discharge lamps, ballasts and luminaires (amended by 347/2010/EU) 278/2009 External power supplies 640/2009 Electric motors (amended by 4/2014/EU) 641/2009 Circulators (amended by 622/2012/EU) 642/2009 Televisions 643/2009 Household refrigerating appliances 1015/2010 Household washing machines 1016/2010 Household dishwashers 327/2011 Fans 206/2012 Air conditioning and comfort fans 547/2012 Water pumps 932/2012 Household tumble driers 1194/2012 Directional lamps, light emitting diode (LED) lamps and related equipment 617/2013 Computers and servers 666/2013 Vacuum cleaners 801/2013 Networked standby electric power consumption 813/2013 Space heaters 814/2013 Water heaters 66/2014 Domestic cooking appliances 548/2014 Power transformers 1253/2014 Ventilation units 1095/2015 Professional refrigeration 1188/2015 Local space heaters 1189/2015 Solid fuel boilers 1185/2015 Solid fuel local space heaters

EU Ecodesign Regulations

1059/2010 Household dishwashers 1060/2010 Household refrigerating appliances 1061/2010 Household washing machines 1062/2010 Televisions 626/2011 Air conditioners 392/2012 Household tumble driers 874/2012 Electrical lamps and luminaires 665/2013 Vacuum cleaners 811/2013 Space heaters 812/2013 Water heaters 65/2014 Domestic cooking appliances (ovens and range hoods) 518/2014 Internet energy labelling 1254/2014 Domestic ventilation units 1094/2015 Professional refrigeration 1187/2015 Solid fuel boilers 1186/2015 Local space heaters

+ 3 Voluntary Agreements COM (2012) 684 Complex set top boxes COM (2013) 23 Imaging equipment COM (2015) 178 Games consoles

EU Energy Labelling Regulations

http://ec.europa.eu/growth/industry/sustainability/ecodesign/index_en.htm

More information at:

Measures under development

• Electronic displays (with televisions) • Small electric motors (with electric motors) • Air heating products • Commercial refrigeration • Compressors • Uninterruptible power supplies • Enterprise servers • Professional washing machines & driers • Welding equipment

New measures under study

• Windows • Water-related products • Smart appliances

Measures under review

• Televisions • Electric motors • Household dishwashers • Household refrigerating appliances • Household washing machines • Household tumble driers • Pumps • Fans • External power supplies • Lighting

Voluntary agreements under development

• Machine tools

Ongoing work

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• Energy performance / Energy efficiency (e.g., motors, transformers, vacuum cleaners, fridges, etc…)

• Standby / network standby

• Water consumption (e.g., washing machines, dishwashers) • Noise emissions (e.g., vacuum cleaners, air conditioning)

• NOx emissions (e.g., heaters) • CO emissions (e.g., solid fuel heaters)

• Minimum lifetime of lamps, vacuum cleaners

• Non-recycled mercury and lead in lamps and televisions • High global warming potential refrigerant content in air conditioners

• Facilitating disassembly (e.g., vacuum cleaners, circulators, electric motors, fans,

water pumps, space and water heaters, etc…)

Environmental requirements in Ecodesign

• Energy efficiency class on a scale from A+++ to G (rescaling to A to G from 2017 pending agreement)

• Standby requirements • Water efficiency • Noise level

Environmental requirements in Energy Labelling

Energy Labelling – examples

Washing machines Vacuum cleaners Luminaires

10

340 Mt CO2

Ecodesign

+

Labelling

175 Mtoe

882 TWh

These estimates do not include rebound effects

Expected savings

These savings represent approx.

half of the EU's energy efficiency target for 2020

Ecodesign and Energy labelling - Results expected

– 175 Mtoe primary energy savings per year by 2020, more than the annual primary energy consumption of Italy

– 340 Mt CO2 equivalent less greenhouse gas emissions per year (more than 7% of EU total emissions in 2010)

– Circa €100 billion net saving on consumer expenditure per year, equivalent to €465 per household per year

– € 55 billion extra revenue for industry per year, wholesale and retail sector

– 800.000 extra direct jobs for industry (cumulative), wholesale and retail sector

Source: Impact accounting study (https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/ener/files/documents/2014_06_ecodesign_impact_accounting_part1.pdf)

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EN Standards provide presumption of conformity with minimum requirements in the EU

Presumption of

conformity

EN Standard 60034

Measurement method on nominal efficiency

• The use of EN harmonized standards provides presumption of conformity with legal requirements

• Economic operators may use other methods to provide conformity

• Manufacturers' self-declarations may use EN harmonized standards anywhere in the world

• Where possible, EN standards are in line with ISO/IEC international standards

European Commission European Parliament

European Council/Member States

European Standardisation Organisations

CEN/CENELEC/ETSI

Ecodesign Regulation 640/2009 on electric

motors

• Efficiency requirements for IE2, IE3 levels

• Product information requirements

Ecodesign Regulation

EN Standard

Mandate

Publication of references in

OJEU

Check by COM

Transitional methods

Presumption of

conformity

To be used until HAS are

available

Process of requesting standards

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Process of requesting standards

– Mandates are supporting Regulations. They describe the parameters to be covered by the standards, deadlines for making them available to the Commission, etc…

– Mandates can only be addressed to European Standardisation Organisations (CEN / CENELEC / ETSI), they have to be drafted in a transparent process, consulting MS and sectorial associations and are ultimately voted by the Standardisation Committee and adopted by the Commission (Regulation 1025/2012).

– Mandates need to be accepted by ESOs (but may not…)

– Standards are offered for harmonisation to the Commission, that has to decide if they fulfil the requirements of the mandate or not.

– If at the time of coming into force of the requirements HAS are not available, transitional methods are published by the Commission. These are automatically withdrawn when HAS are referenced in the OJEU.

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Harmonised standards under Ecodesign

ED/EL Regulation for which EN Harmonised Standards exist

http://ec.europa.eu/growth/single-market/european-standards/harmonised-standards/ecodesign/index_en.htm

Ecodesign Energy Labelling

Air conditioners Air conditioners and comfort fans (EU) No 206/2012 EU No 626/2011

Boilers Hot-water boilers 92/42/EEC

Circulators Circulators and glandless circulators integrated in

products

(EC) No 641/2009

Dishwashers Household dishwashers (EU) No 1016/2010 (EU) No 1059/2010

Domestic ovens, hobs and

range hoods

Domestic ovens, hobs and range hoods (EU) No 66/2014 (EU) No 65/2014

Electric motors Electric motors (EC) No 640/2009

Fans Fans driven by motors (EU) No 327/2011

Lamps (directional and LED) Directional lamps, light emitting diode lamps and

related equipment

(EU) No 1194/2012 (EU) No 874/2012

Lamps (household) Non-directional household lamps

(including amendment on ultraviolet radiation)

(EC) No 244/2009

(EC) No 859/2009

(EU) No 874/2012

Lamps (fluorescent) Fluorescent lamps without integrated ballast, for

high intensity discharge lamps and for ballasts and

luminaries able to operate such lamps (including

amendment)

(EC) No 245/2009

(EU) No 347/2010

(EU) No 874/2012

Ovens Domestic electric ovens 2002/40/EC

Power supplies External power supplies (EC) No 278/2009

Refrigerating appliances Household refrigerating appliances (EC) No 643/2009 (EC) No 1060/2010

Set-top boxes Simple set-top boxes (EC) No 107/2009

Standby and off mode Electric power consumption standby and off mode

of electrical and electronic household and office

equipment

(EC) No 1275/2008

(EC) No 801/2013

Television Television (EC) No 642/2009

(EC) No 801/2013

(EU) No 1062/2010

Transformers Small, medium and large power transformers (EU) No 548/2014

Tumble driers Household tumble driers (EU) No 932/2012 (EU) No 392/2012

Vacuum Cleaners Vacuum Cleaners (EU) No 666/2013 (EU) No 665/2013

Washer-driers

(combined)

Household combined washer-driers - 96/60/EC

Washing machines Household washing machines (EU) No 1015/2010 (EU) No 1061/2010

Water pumps Water pumps (EU) No 547/2012

Regulatory process

For more information

• http://ec.europa.eu/growth/industry/sustainability/ecodesign/index_en.htm

• http://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-products

• GROW-ECODESIGN@ec.europa.eu

Ecodesign Methodology is a simplified Life Cycle Assessment

Life Cycle Costs curve

Archetype (example)

I = BaseCase; II = Least LCC; III = No financial loss (break-even point); IV = BAT point

Energy labelling works, but ..

..there are problems in the framework

• Label is "victim" of its own success

• Top classes 'getting full' ->

• Reduced effectiveness of '+' classes

• Consumers do not know that bottom classes are empty

• Non-compliance

• 10% less energy savings

• Weak enforcement by Member State authorities having poor access to needed documentation

Different labels were researched

• No-one wanted

to add extra plusses

Product registration database

• Suppliers register the label and compliance information (which they already have) in a digital database

• Authorities have direct access and no longer need to request documents every time

• Consumers have access to public information

Next steps in the rescaling process

• European Parliament and Council discuss proposal

• Once final, Commission would start work on updating labels for specific products

• Work would start on labels where the market is concentrated in the top classes (e.g. dishwashers and washing machines)

Conclusion and Commission proposal

• Consumer studies show rescaling back to A to G label is most effective, long term solution.

• To limit confusion, labels on display in shops will be updated from old to new in one week.

• To limit costs, top two classes initially empty so that labels only need to be updated every 10 years.