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    Hazards have been identified, evaluated

    and that risks from major accident hazards(MAHs) have been reduced to as low asreasonably practical (ALARP)

    The Jubilee Field is operated withmanagement systems in place that iscapable of systematically and continuallyidentifying hazards, assessing them, andeliminating or minimizing, in so far asreasonably practicable the risks topersonnel at the facility over the life of thefield

    The Jubilee Operations Safety Casescope covers routine Jubilee Fieldproduction operations. This involves theproduction, engineering, safety systems,equipment and activities associated withthe:

    Topsides process equipment andutilities

    FPSO facilities (including livingquarters, safety systems and othersystems onboard the vessel necessary forsafe production and oil storage)

    Bow-mounted external turret withmooring systems

    Subsea equipment and utilities

    Helicopter operations

    Marine operations including oiloffloading

    Emergency response facilities (eg,escape routes, temporary refuge, fire/gasdetection, totally enclosed motor propelledsurvival craft (TEMPSC))

    The foundation for the Safety Case isbased upon the formal safetyassessments of major hazards.

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    Field specific hazards and risks have beenidentified, assessed and managed throughgood design in line with inherent safetyprinciples.The results of the individual formal safetyassessments can be found in the JubileeOperations Safety Case: Part 4 FormalSafety Assessment(FSA) and Hazards/Effect Analysis [1].

    Safety Critical Elements (equipment,procedures and tasks) that prevent,control or mitigate the MAHs have beenidentified and performance standards thatdefine the operational and maintenancerequirements for safety critical equipmentdeveloped. Specific management

    arrangements (detailed in JubileeOperations Safety Case: Part 5 Management of Safety Critical Elements[2]) have been developed based upon

    performance standards for safety criticalequipment.The arrangements provide the basis forongoing assurance during operations thatsafety critical equipment will operate asintended and contingency plans if they failto meet expected performance.

    A Safety Management System has beendeveloped to ensure that hazards arecontinually identified, assessed andmanaged throughout the life of the project.The Safety Management System isdetailed in Jubilee Operations Safety CasePart 2: HSE Safety Management SystemDescription. [3]

    In the case of conflict, regulations rules, codes and standards have been applied inthe following priority order:

    Coastal State and Flag State Laws and Regulations

    International Regulatory Requirements, Codes and Standards

    Classification Society RulesMODEC Standards

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    Industry Standards

    Project Specific Specifications, Codesand StandardsThe full list of regulations, rules, codesand standards is given in the JubileeFPSO Design Philosophy [7], JubileeFunctional Specification [8], Jubilee FPSOTechnical Description [9]. Safety Casestudies and risk analyses that haverecommended additional requirementshave been considered.In order to comply with the ISM Code, eachship class must have a working SafetyManagement System (SMS). Each SMSconsists of the following elements:

    Commitment from top management A Top Tier Policy Manual A Procedures Manual that documents

    what is done on board the ship, duringnormal operations and in emergencysituations

    Procedures for conducting both internaland external audits to ensure the ship isdoing what is documented in theProcedures Manual

    A Designated Person Ashore to serve asthe link between the ships and shore staff

    and to verify the SMS implementation

    A system for identifying where actual practices do not meet those that aredocumented and for implementingassociated corrective action

    Regular management reviews

    Major Hazard AssessmentOperational hazards and risks associated withthe Jubilee Field have been identified and theassociated Safety Critical Elements(equipment, procedures and tasks) have beenproperly identified, developed and are beingimplemented along with a system formonitoring their on-going effectiveness.Safety critical equipment performancestandards were developed to document risk

    based performance criteria derived from theassessment of major hazards. Maintenance,testing and assurance tasks are beingdeveloped to ensure that the performancecriteria are met by operations.

    Identifying all MAHs through HAZIDs [18]and HAZOPs

    Conducting FSAs to assess hazards, verifyand/or steer design decisions wherepracticable

    Risk Reduction Efforts

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Safety_Management_System&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Safety_Management_System&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Safety_Management_System&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Safety_Management_System&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Safety_Management_System&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Safety_Management_System&action=edit&redlink=1
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    1.7.2 Coastal and Flag State LawsAnd RegulationsThe FPSO will be registered in theBahamas. Ghana National Regulations

    over and above internationalstandards and Class Rules will beincluded as necessary.1.7.3 International RegulatoryRequirements, Codes andStandardsThe following international RegulatoryRequirements, Codes and Standardsapply to the FPSO:International Maritime Organization(IMO)

    IMO International Convention onLoadlines 1966, as Amended by IMORegulations A231 (VII),

    A319 (IX), A411 (XI), A513 (XIII), A514(XIII)

    IMO International Convention for Safetyof Life at Sea (SOLAS) 1974, Including

    AmendmentsIMO International Convention for

    Prevention of Collision at Sea 1972, with Amendments 1981

    IMO International Convention forPrevention of Pollution from Ships 1973and Protocol 1978,and Amendments (MARPOL 73/78,Consolidated Edition 1991) and 1992

    Amendments to

    Appendix 1IMO International Convention on

    Tonnage Measurements of Ships 1969, as Amended by IMO

    Resolution A493 (XII) and A494 (XII)IMO Code of Noise Levels on Board

    Ships, Resolution A468 (XII)IMO Safe Access to and Working in

    Large Cargo Tanks and Ballast Spaces,Resolution A272effective Nov. 73 / A330 effective 75

    IMO Recommendation on Method ofMeasuring Noise Levels at ListeningPosts, Regulation

    A343 (IX)IMO Codes on Alarms and Indicators,

    Regulation A830IMO International Life Saving

    AppliancesIMO 1987: Basic Ship Carriage

    Requirements for GMDSSIMO / MARPOL Annex I (Oil), Annex IV

    (Sewage), and Annex V (Garbage)IMO International Management Code

    for the Safe Operation of Ships and forPollutionPrevention (ISM Code), in force from July2002

    International Labor Organization (ILO)ILO Accommodations for crews

    Other GuidesISM International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution

    Prevention, in force from July 2002Radio Regulations of International Telecommunications Union 1990

    Energy Institute Model Code of Safe Practice Part 15, Area Classification Code forInstallations handling flammable fluids

    ISO Guidelines No. 6954 1984 Guidelines for the Overall Evaluation of Vibration inMerchant Ships

    VDI 2056 Criteria for Assessment of Mechanical Vibrations in Machines (VereinDeutscher Ingenieure)

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    1.7.4 Classification Society RulesThe vessel will carry an ABS classificationthat is the equivalent:+A1 Floating Production and OffloadingSystem (FPSO), RFL (20) 2029 (Field

    Name), Offshore (country) Complying with relevant requirements ofthe American Bureau of Shipping (ABS)and the classification will cover thefollowing areas:

    Vessel, including Structure, Equipmentand Marine Systems (inclusive of Helideckand Cranes)

    Turret or spread mooring, includingStructure, Riser Systems, MooringSystems

    The following areas will be certified by thesame classing authority as above:Production and Production Support

    Systems, including all items supportedabove the support stools on the main deck

    of the hull The following ABS Rules andGuidelines will apply:

    Guide for Building and ClassingFloating Production Installations

    Rules for Building and Classing SteelVessels

    Rules for Building and Classing SinglePoint Moorings

    Rules for Non-destructive Inspection ofWelds

    Guide for Building and ClassingFacilities on Offshore Installations

    Guide for Underwater Inspection in lieuof Drydocking Survey

    Guide for Crew Habitability on OffshoreInstallations

    FPSO StructureTURRET AND MOORING SYSTEM

    Single Point Mooring (SPM). This systemis an external bow-mounted turret,

    designed to allow the vessel toweathervane about its mooring. The turretstructure, mechanical equipment,manifolds and swivel stack assembly(SSA) are designed to accommodate 17risers.The mooring system provides a safe andreliable means to keep the FPSOpermanently on station during andfollowing all environmental conditions

    including extreme storm conditions. In theoffloading condition, the mooring system iscapable of withstanding loads from the

    FPSO, as well as loads imposed by theshuttle tanker when tandem-moored.The mooring system consists of a total ofnine anchor legs in a 3 x 3 taut-legarrangement, with groups that are 120degrees apart. Each anchor leg iscomposed of chain and polyester rope.

    Anchor legs terminate on the seabed atsuction piles positioned according to thegeotechnical profile of the site.

    Turret Structure

    The SPM system is an external bow-mounted turret that allows 360-degree rotation(weathervaning) of the FPSO about the earth fixed mooring system, while transferring loadsbetween the vessel and mooring and riser systems. The turret is located at approximately 26meters forward of the vessel forward perpendicular and 30 meters above the keel.

    The Turret Structural System includes the following structural modules:Turret Support Structure

    The Turret Support Structure is the forward extension of the vessel bow that supports theturret structure. It includes structural connections to tie into the vessel to provide the loadtransfer path for mooring and riser loads through the Main Bearing and into the vessel via

    the Turret Head.Turret Head

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    The Turret Head is an enclosed steel plate structure that surrounds the (geostationary)central Turret section and is supported by the Turret Support Structure. The Turret Headsupports the Main Bearing and the Swivel Access Structure as well as the pull-in equipmentduring installation of the anchor legs and risers. All external loads induced by the vesselmotions are transferred into the Turret Head through the Turret Support Structure at theirinterface

    Chain TableThe Chain Table structure is supported by the Turret Head through the Main Bearing and islocated below the Turret Head. The Chain Table supports the anchor legs by the trunnion-mounted Chain Supports located at the lower, outer perimeter of the Chain Table and is alsothe land off location for the flexible Riser in their associated land off trunnons.

    Riser Handing PlatformThe riser handling platform is a temporary work platform that facilitates riser installation, andis installed beneath the Chain Table. The platform is removed after installation of the risers.

    Upper Turret StructureThe Upper Turret Structure is located above the Chain Table and Main Bearing and issupported by the Chain Table. It consists of a cylindrical shaft at the center of the Turret withouter columns that support the Manifold Deck(s) and Swivel Stack Assembly.

    Swivel Access Structure (SAS)The Swivel Access Structure is a three-dimensional space frame structure mounted on topof the Turret Head and rotates about the Swivel Stack Assembly along with the vessel. Thisstructure includes a main deck that supports the piping, electrical cables, swivel torque armsand umbilicals that are routed from the swivels to the vessel. In addition, small work decksare included to access the fluid swivels

    ProcessThe FPSO Topsides facilities consist of the following systems, shown in Figure 5.1, Figure

    5.2, Figure 5.3 and Figure 5.4, and described in the following sections:Oil separation and stabilization train with four stages of stabilization for enhanced

    recovery, and two 100% HP separatorsThe oil separation system consists of a single train designed for an oil flowrate of 120,000bpd for an 36.7 API gravity crude, and a non-coincident peak water production rate of 80,000bpd. At the inlet to the separation system are two 100% HP production separators

    performing three-phase separation at a normal pressure of 30 barg (435 psig) andtemperatures of 49-60 oC (120-140 oF).Oil leaving the HP separators is further heated in two crude/crude exchangers and two crudeheaters to a temperature of about 90oC (194oF) before arriving at the IP productionseparator. The IP production system performs three-phase separation at a normal pressure

    of 9 barg (130 psig). The pressure of the dehydrated crude is subsequently reduced, andenters the final stage of stabilization in the LP degasser

    The oil treating system conditions the oil stream to meet the product specification byremoving BS&W, and reducing the crude salt content. An electrostatic treater in combinationwith flash vessel are installed for this purpose. Fresh dilution water is added to the processupstream of the electrostatic treater for salt content reduction and some of the water leavingthe electrostatic treater is pumped upstream of the IP separator. Excess water is routed tothe water collection/skim vessel of the produced water treatment system.Treated crude fromthe desalter is finally pumped back through the crude/crude exchangers and twosales oil coolers before entering cargo tanks in the hull.

    Three, 75% capacity three-stage LP gas compression trains and associated equipment

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    The single-train LP gas compression system includes all equipment between inlet and outletshutdown valves, and the driver and its associated utilities. The LP gas compressorcompresses to 30 barg (435 psig) high molecular weight vapor from the following items:

    LP degasser Electrostatic treater flash vessel TEG regeneration flash tank; and Flotation cell

    Three gas turbine generators rated at 28 MW with waste heat recovery unitsDual-fuel (gas and diesel) turbine-driven power generators located on topsides supply main

    power to the facility. Two existing diesel engine power generators, located in the shipsideengine room, aid in black start power generation and for commissioning until fuel gas isavailable for the gas turbine power generators. A new emergency diesel engine powergenerator will be installed in the accommodations block with direct access to the weather-deck and will supply emergency power to electric loads of topsides, marine, turret andsubsea. Turbine generators have an output of 11kV, 3 phases, and 60Hz and rated at 28.29MW at 36.5 C.

    Inlet gas cooling systemThe inlet gas cooling system consists of one cooler and a separator, situated downstream ofthe HP separators / LP gas compressors and upstream of the MP gas compression system.Inlet gas coolers take vapor from the HP production separators and the LP gas compressor,cooling it through a process of heat exchange with a tempered cooling medium. Thedownstream safety gas KO drum serves as a common vessel for the collection ofcondensates. Condensed water leaving the safety gas KO drum is subsequently fedupstream of the crude/crude heat exchangers in the crude separation and stabilization

    process, where it is used to provide a small dilution effect .Gas dehydration and TEG regeneration system

    The gas dehydration system includes all equipment for dehydration of produced gas and theregeneration of the Tri-ethylene Glycol (TEG) used during dehydration. These facilities aredesigned for gas throughput of 160 MMscfd and to meet export gas water contentspecifications of 2 lb/MMscf .

    Two 100% capacity single-stage MP/HP (export) gas compression trains upstream ofdehydrationMP Gas Compressors are 1-stage electric motor driven centrifugal compressors, which takevapor from the 1 st Stage separation and LP Compression and compress it to the pressuredesired for dehydration. The MP gas compression system consists of two 100% trains ofcompression. It includes all equipment between inlet and outlet shutdown valves of the twocompression trains and associated utilities for both suction and discharge.HP Gas Compressors are single stage electric motor driven centrifugal compressors, whichtake dehydrated gas from the TEG Contactor and compress it to export pressure.The HP gas compression system consists of two 100% trains of compression. It includes allequipment between inlet and outlet shutdown valves of the two compression trains andassociated utilities for both suction and discharge.

    Two 100% capacity single-stage gas injection compression trains downstream of HP gasCompressionGas Injection Compressors are 1-stage electric motor driven centrifugal compressors. Thesecompressors take gas from the HP Gas Compression system and compress it to the

    pressure required for gas reinjection.The gas injection compression system consists of two 100% trains of compression. Itincludes all equipment between inlet and outlet shutdown valves of the two compressiontrains and associated utilities for both suction and discharge .

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    Fuel gas conditioning system with two filtersThe fuel gas conditioning system consists of both High and Low pressure fuel gas sub-systems:

    The High Pressure Fuel Gas Conditioning System provides clean fuel gas suitable forturbine combustion, and delivers superheated fuel gas to each of the end users at theirrequired flow rates and pressure levels

    The Low Pressure Fuel Gas Conditioning System is designed for low pressure fuel gasrequirements. This covers the fuel gas rate required for the marine Deck boiler, stripping gasfor TEG regeneration, tank blanketing, flare pilot / purge, plus contingencyThe design basis for the system is that the fuel gas flowrate that ensures that peak systemdemands are met inclusive of the simultaneous operation of all turbine generators excludingspare.

    Produced water treatment systemThe system is comprised of a skim vessel, hydrocyclones, and induced gas flotation cell witheducator and disperser. Water containing oil is routed to the water collection/skim vessel,

    through a de-oiling hydrocyclone and finally to an induced gas flotation cell for furthertreatment prior to being discharged overboard.Water quality is continuously monitored for compliance with 20 ppm maximum oil-in-water,and any offspec water is diverted to an off-spec produced water tank.

    Chemical injection systemThe chemical injection system consists of all equipment and distribution piping associatedwith chemical injection, including dedicated transfer and injection pumps, redundant pumps,storage tanks, and all instrumentation required, to the individual points of injection (or as itleaves the FPSO for subsea injection points).

    Assisting production facilities to meet their specifications for products and disposedfluids

    Protecting production facilities from corrosion and plugging Providing corrosion inhibition to subsea systems

    Providing various other fluids necessary to maintain subsea systems Seawater treatment system Flare/vent system with HP and LP flare knockout (KO) drums

    The Flare/Vent System ensures the safe egress of hydrocarbon fluids that are eitherrelieving from process equipment, from PSVs and BDVs during process upsets or from thePVs during start-up, process upset conditions and loading storage tanks during production oran over pressurized condition of the storage tanks.

    Process cooling medium systemThe process cooling system consists of a closed circulation loop of inhibited fresh water,

    pumps and surge tank. The fresh water is cooled by cross-exchange with the lifted seawater. A cooling medium tank maintains flow to two 100% cooling medium circulation pumps withinthe system, and a surge tank is located upstream of these pumps.The circulating cooling water is supplied at a maximum of 32 oC (89.6 F) to all suction anddischarge coolers on the LP, MP, HP Gas Compressors, Flowline Circulation Pumps,Seawater Injection Pumps as well as the Sales Oil Cooler. The anticipated average returntemperature for the Cooling Media is 55 oC (131 F).

    Heating medium systemThe heating medium system is used to recover and use heat from the turbine generatorwaste heat recovery units. This heat subsequently assists in the phase separation of oil andwater. The system heats water circulated by a pump around a closed system, from anexpansion tank through a combination of heat exchangers on the process modules andheating coils within the flare knockout drums.

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    The system is divided into three distinct components:

    Circulation - Expansion tank and two circulating pumps. Heating water is supplied ata maximum of 120 oC (248 F) to all heaters, and returns at an average of 80 oC (176F)

    Waste Heat Recovery - Achieved by circulating the medium through coils installed inthe divertible exhaust duct stacks of the dual fuel gas turbine generators

    Heaters - Shell and tube heater types, including crude and dilution water heaters

    Instrument, utility, and nitrogen air systemThe system consists of all equipment associated with the production of utility air, instrumentair, and nitrogen.The instrument and utility air systems provide air for the operation of control and shutdownvalves, as well as for various other utility services on the topsides and in the hull.The nitrogen system provides LP Nitrogen for purging of equipment under maintenance,inert gas blanketing of the topsides, and buffer gas for compressor dry gas and barrier seals.

    In addition, the system provides a supply of HP Nitrogen for in-situ relief valve andinstrumentation testing.Fresh water system including two reverse osmosis units

    The FPSOs fresh water system provides treated fres h and potable water for process, utility,and accommodation areas. Fresh water is generated by two 100% reverse osmosis unitseach capable of producing 6000 bpd. The outlet total soluble conductivity of the units isdesigned to be less than 500 ppm.

    Drain System including piping headers to LP flare KO drum and two pumpsThe drain system on the FPSO consists of the following three types of drains:

    Closed Drain System - The closed system collects drainage from all piping andheaders associated with the intermittent collection of hydrocarbon liquids fromprocess vessels depressurized for maintenance, as well as the collection of a fewother (normally non-flowing) process streams. It includes a collection volumeincluded as part of the LP Flare KO Drum.

    Open Drain System Hazardous Area Open Drains The hazardous open drainsystem collects drainage from all piping and headers associated with the collection ofspillage in hazardous areas of the FPSO. These drains route to the slop tanksthrough a water seal.

    Open Drain System Non-hazardous Area Open Drains collects drainage from allpiping and headers associated with the collection of spillage and rainwater in non-hazardous (utility, area classification derived) areas of the FPSO. These drains routeto the slop tanks through a water seal separate from the Hazardous Area OpenDrains

    Deck drains are normally open allowing rain and deluge water to drain into them. In theevent of hydrocarbon spillage during planned maintenance or due to mishap, the drains canbe blocked off. The outer edges of plated decks are provided with a 150mm high coaming

    plate, which allows containment of the spillage until clean-up can take place. Thisarrangement can be compared to open versus closed scuppers (deck drains) on a vessel.The discharge from both the open and closed drain systems is directed to a common draincollection tank. The design of the open drain system complies with local environmentaldischarge regulations, and considers run-off from areas protected by firewater deluge .

    Subsea flowline circulation system including two pumps and a circulation fluid heater

    Cargo Offloading System

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    The Cargo Offloading System consists of three centrifugal pumps located in a centralizedpump room. These pumps are driven by steam turbines located in the main FPSOmachinery spaces supplied with steam from either the Deck Boiler or the Engine roomauxiliary boiler. Crude oil is discharged from the cargo tanks into a common offloadingheader from cargo pump discharge to the offloading header on main deck level. From theoffloading header, the crude is routed through an approved fiscal metering unit (dual UltraSonic meters) then led to an offloading line to the stern of the vessel to an offloading station.From here, offloading hoses connect to the export tank.

    The inert gas system provides and distributes a source of oxygen-depleted inert gas forblanketing or purging cargo tanks, off-spec tanks, methanol tanks, and slop tanks.

    Main and Emergency PowerMain power is supplied to the vessel by three dual-fuel (gas/diesel) turbine-driven powergenerators,located on topsides facilities. The turbine generators have an output of 11kV/3-phase/60 Hz. Turbine generator fuel is produced gas. Upon total blackout, rapid transition toemergency generator occurs.

    UPS and battery back-up systems supply power to critical loads during the transition, inwhich no AC power is available.One emergency diesel generator as well as up to two refurbished existing shipside dieselgenerators supply power in the event of main power failure. The emergency diesel generatorhas an output of 450VAC/3-phase/60 Hz and is installed in a dedicated room outside the

    Accommodation. The Power System Control Panel (PSCP) allows manual control of themain generation for manual load sharing, manual synchronizing and initiating automaticsynchronizing. The power distribution system has two primary operating levels, normal andemergency

    The seawater system provides seawater for utility/cooling requirements and treated asrequired for reservoir injection for pressure maintenance. The seawater system consists ofthree 50% lift pumps with an operating capacity of approximately 634,000 bwpd which taketheir suction from a water depth of 50 meters below the surface to take opportunity of thetemperatures of around 25 Deg C and total suspended solids (TSS) of approx 7 mg/L. Pumpcaissons are used for water lifting with electrochlorination (at around 2.0 2.2 mg/l chlorine)injected to prevent marine growth occurring at the intake piping and to support the waterinjection treatment process.The Seawater from the lift pumps passes through a course filter before separating into theSeawater distribution, Seawater cooling water and Water Injection systems.Seawater Distribution System: The system is intended to provided seawater service to anumber of the FPSO systems including the Electro chlorinator package and potable waterproduction via the Reverse Osmosis units (2 X 100% units rated at 5,000 bbls/d.Seawater Cooling System: The system is intended to provide the cooling requirements forthe Main process cooling medium system via Seawater/Cooling Medium cooler (HZZ-2910)which is also supported by a further two Seawater/Cooling Medium coolers (HZZ-2930 A/B)where the seawater supply for cooling is routed via the water inject treatment system afterthe SRU package.

    Seawater Treatment and Reservoir Injection System: The system is intended to take thecourse filtered seawater and further filter via multi media and cartridge filters to achieve asuspended solids quality of 40 micron or less particle size suitable for reservoir injection,further to this filtration the water is treated via the Sulphate Reduction Units, a De-aerationTower and further chemical treatments (Oxygen Scavenger, Biocide and Anti scale) tocondition the Seawater to ensure removal/prevention of suspended solids, marine growth

    and smaller particulates and meet a sulphate level of no greater than50 mg/l and a Oxygen content of less than 10 ppb, in order to control biologicalfouling/reservoir souring and corrosion. On completion of the sea water treatment for

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    Reservoir Injection the sea water is pumped by 3 x 33% High Pressure pumps to adischarge pressure of approx to 345 Bar (5000 psig) for injection into the designated waterinjection wells via the Turret, Risers (X2) and the Subsea injection flow line.Excess sea water is there after discharged to the sea with discharge temperatures thatcomply with overboard temperature limitations for Ghanaian waters.

    Sample collection and analysis ensures that safe operations are being carried out with noenvironmental impact. Such collection complies with applicable codes and standards toguarantee that samples are accurate and appropriate. The FPSO is equipped with alaboratory to perform analysis onboard including:

    BS&W Water Content API Gravity Salinity Reid Vapor Pressure Sand Content Oil Content O2 Content Gas Dew Point SDI Humidity Cleanliness According to NAS 1638 Class 6 or better for hydraulic fluid

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    Fire Risk Analysis (FRA) [12] Identify all representative fire, explosion and gas release scenarios on the Jubilee

    FPSO Determine those scenarios which can be considered credible major accident hazards Model jet and pool fire characteristics associated with these scenarios (as applicable)

    Gas Release and Plume Dispersion Hazard Analysis (GRA) [13] Identify and assess the characteristics of flammable and toxic release scenarios that

    could result in injury, loss of life, or impairment of egress routes, safety systems, orthe Temporary Refuge (TR)

    Explosion Risk Analysis (ERA) [14] Determine expected overpressures on targets of interest resulting from the ignition of

    credible gasleaks on the FPSO identified in the Fire Risk Analysis [11] Identify any additional safety issues related to potential explosion scenarios

    Escape, Temporary Refuge, Evacuation and Rescue Analysis [15]

    Assess whether or not the ETRER facilities meet performance targets for each of themajor accident hazard scenarios Verify the performance of escape, evacuation, and rescue facilities should a major

    accident hazard occurDropped Object Study [16]

    Determine possible dropped object scenarios including impacts to risers and subseapipelines

    Quantify the probable frequency of dropped object incidents resulting in damage torisers and pipelines

    Quantify the probable frequency of a dropped object impact onto the FPSO deckresulting indamage to topsides targets

    Ship Collision Study [17] Quantify the risk of ship collisions to the Jubilee FPSO in terms of the frequency of

    collisions and the sizes of any resulting hydrocarbon releases Identify any differences in the consequences of ship collisions with the FPSO due to

    single or double hull constructionPipeline and Flowline SSIV Study [18]

    Assess and compare the risks associated with including and not including SSIV forthe Jubilee field pipelines and flowlines

    Assess and compare the relative risk differential for hydraulically operated valvesversus check valves

    Noise Study Report [19] Perform noise prediction studies to verify conformance to IMO Guidelines for

    selected topsides modules Perform airborne noise intrusion studies from the topsides modules to the selectedaccommodation/work and hull/marine spaces to verify conformance to IMO Guidelines

    Thermal Exhaust and Gas Dispersion Study [20] Identify all sensitive areas that may be unduly impacted by exhausts from the FPSO

    and after determining the extent of such releases, evaluate the impacts to thoseareas against defined acceptance criteria

    Provide recommendations to mitigate scenarios where the acceptance criteria arebreached according to the ALARP principle

    Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) [21]

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    Determine risk to offshore personnel associated with normal production operation ofthe Jubilee FPSO

    Assess the risk with respect to the risk acceptance criteria, given in terms ofindividual risk per annum (IRPA) and Potential Loss of Life (PLL)

    Maritime Field Security Risk Assessment [22], [23]

    Bow-Tie Workshop [24] Review and validate the Bow-Ties developed for all relevant release scenarios Ensure the accuracy and completeness of the Bow-Ties in preparation for the

    ALARP Workshop ALARP Workshop [25]

    Review the identified hazard controls for the major accident hazards Brainstorm any additional design and operational risk reduction measures to be

    considered going forward Screen out risk reduction measures on the basis of risk reduction gained and effort to

    implement

    SCEs are defined as pieces of equipment, procedures or tasks that function to prevent,detect, control and/or mitigate a Major Accident Hazard (MAH).The Jubilee Field definition of a MAH is a hazard with the potential to result in an accidentwith:

    Multiple fatalities or permanent total disabilities Extensive damage to structure at installation Massive effect to the environment (eg, persistent and severe environmental damage

    that may lead to loss of commercial or recreational use, loss of natural resourcesover a wide area or severe environmental damage that will require extensivemeasures to restore beneficial uses of the environment)

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