research over from risoe - p.h. madsen
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8/4/2019 Research Over From Risoe - P.H. Madsen
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17/04/2008Presentation name1 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Technology developments and R&D landscape:
Research overview from Risø
Peter Hauge Madsen
Wind Energy Division, Risø DTU
The Technical University of Denmark
Presented at
EU offshore wind industry - a Carbon Trust/EWEA event
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17/04/2008Presentation name2 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Wind Energy Division - Risø DTUTechnical University of Denmark
• Windpower Meteorology
• Aeroelastic designmethods
• Wind Turbine Structures
• Offshore Wind Energy
•
Remote sensing & Measurements
• Windpower control & integration
• Certification Scheme
WIND ENERGYDIVISION
EDUCATION
WindTurbines
Wind EnergySystems
AeroelasticDesign
Test &Measurement
Meteorology
INTERNATIONALCONSULTING
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17/04/2008Presentation name3 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
”Wind Energy Roadmap” in the EC Communicationof Financing Low Carbon Technologies.
TPWind priorities 2010-2012:
•Development andtesting of newstructures
•Automation (industry-wide study)
•Technology transfer
from oil & Gas
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17/04/2008Presentation name4 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Research, development and demonstrationchallenges – Danish MEGAVIND strategy
Target to make offshore wind power competitive with conventional coal-
fired power by 2020 (50 % reduction in cost).
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17/04/2008Presentation name5 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
EERA JP on Wind Energy
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17/04/2008Presentation name6 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
EERA JP on Wind Energy
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17/04/2008Presentation name7 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
EERA JPWEEERA JP on Wind Energy
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17/04/2008Presentation name8 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Wind Energy Division - Risø DTUTechnical University of Denmark
WIND ENERGYDIVISION
EDUCATION
WindTurbines
Wind EnergySystems
AeroelasticDesign
Test &Measurement
Meteorology
INTERNATIONAL
CONSULTING
Offshore Wind Energy
DTU MEK
DTU IMM
DTU BYG
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17/04/2008Presentation name9 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Risø DTU – Offshore Wind Energy R&Dpriorities
• Marine wind, wave and current conditions– Characterize the geophysical processes,estimate local
conditions and develop design basis
• Wakes in offshore wind turbine farms– Characterize and model wakes (performance and loads) in
relation to interaction between turbines, between farms and
large scale climate effects
• Installation and maintenance– Methods, models and tools to support installation and
maintenance incl. Wind wave prediction, remedial andpreventive maintenance and condition monitoring
• Integrated design tools
– Integrated aero-hydro-servo-elastic tools incl. waveloads,soil-structure and fluid-structure interaction
• Offshore wind integration– Models and tools for design and control of offshore grid and
clusters
• New concepts
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Time
P o w e r ( M W )
HRB
HRA
HR2
HR1
8 /1 -2 000 9 /1 -2 00 0 3 0/ 1- 20 00 3 1/ 1- 20 00 1 /2- 20 00
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17/04/2008Presentation name10 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Offshore Wind Conditions
• Ocean winds • Lidar observations and
modelling
• Wind resourcemapping using satellitedata
• Mesoscale modelling • Meteorological mast
observations
• Wind farms shadoweffect
• Satellite observations
Lidar wind data and
model from Horn’s
Reef offshore
Satellite winds
showing the
wake at Horn
Reef wind farm.
Mean wind
speed map using
satellite Envisat
ASAR.
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17/04/2008Presentation name11 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Horns Rev offshore site
Courtesy: DONG Energy
and Alfredo Peña, Risø DTU
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17/04/2008Presentation name12 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Wind loads dominated by wake effects
CFD – Large eddysimulation
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17/04/2008Presentation name13 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Fuga – a new, linearized wake model
• Solves linearised RANS equations
• Closure: mixing length, k -e or ’simple’ (nt=ku* z )
• Fast, mixed-spectral solver using pre-calculated look-up tables (LUTs)
• No computational grid, no numerical diffusion, no spurious meanpressure gradients
• Integration with WAsP: import of wind climate and turbine data.
• 105 times faster than conventional CFD!
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17/04/2008Presentation name14 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
User friendly GUI
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17/04/2008Presentation name15 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Validation: Horns Rev I.
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
N o r m a l i z
e d p r o d .
Row number
270+-7.5 Fuga
270+-12.5 Fuga
270+-17.5 Fuga
270+-7.5 Data
270+-12.5 Data
270+-17.5 Data
Simple closure: nt=ku* z
No adjustable parameters!
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17/04/2008Presentation name16 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Validation: Nysted.
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
1.10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
N o r m a l i z e d p r o
d u c t i o n
Row number
273+-7.5Fuga273+-12.5Fuga273+-17.5Fuga273+-7.5Data273+-12.5Data
273+-17.5Data
Simple closure: nt=ku* z
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17/04/2008Presentation name17 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Downwind Speed Recovery
• FUGA - predicts a much ”slower” speed recovery than standard wakemodels.
• For HR rec.distance is about 16 km; somewhat slower than observed 4)
Normalized wind speed through the windfarm and behind the wind farm compared tomeasurements at Horns rev. Full curves arecanopy-CFD-model predictions.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4) R.J.Barthelmie et al., ” Flow and wakes in large wind farms: Final report for UpWind WP8”. Risø-R1765(EN) (2011).
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17/04/2008Presentation name18 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Design of offshore wind turbines
– Offshore wind turbines are not onshore wind turbines!• hydrodynamic loads, sea ice, long periods at standby
– Offshore wind turbines are not oil rigs!• wind loads, shallow water, dynamics, unmanned
– Marriage of expertise from wind power and offshoreengineering industries
– Technology Risks• Improve confidence with which offshore wind farms can be financed
and implemented
s u b - s t r u c t u r e
p i l e
f o u n d a t i o n
p i l e
p l a t f o r m
t o w e r t o w e r
s u b - s t r u c t u r e
sea floor
s u p p o r t s t r u c t u r e
rotor-nacelle assembly
seabed
water level
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17/04/2008Presentation name19 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Standards for Offshore Wind Turbines
•Onshore wind turbines– IEC 61400-1, Edition 3
•Offshore wind turbines– IEC 61400-3
– GL Regulations for Offshore WECS, 1995
– DNV, Design of Offshore Wind Turbine Structures, OS-J101, 2007
– GL Wind, Guideline for the Certification of Offshore WindTurbines, 2005
•Offshore structures – petroleum and naturalgas industries
– ISO 19900, General Requirements for Offshore Structures, 2002– ISO 19901, Specific Requirements for Offshore Structures, 2003
– ISO 19902, Fixed Steel Offshore Structures, 2004 (DIS)
– ISO 19903, Fixed Concrete Offshore Structures, 2004 (DIS)
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17/04/2008Presentation name20 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Walney Offshore Wind Farm Project
1. Large offshore wind farm beingconstructed by DONG energy with~50 machines in phase 1
2. Siemens 3.6MW machines withmonopile foundations
3. Average HH wind speed: 9.3 m/sec
4. Water depth 19m –28 m
Objectives
1. Database of loads measurements with correlated wind and wave
data
2. Assessment of uncertainty in loads simulations to provide improvedstructural reliability.
3. Recommendations to international wind turbine standards onoffshore turbine design.
Partners: Risø DTU, DONG, Siemens
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17/04/2008Presentation name21 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
EUDP Walney Offshore Wind Farm Project
Measurements:
• Nacelle mounted LIDARmeasuring wind speed at 2.5rotor diameter in front of turbine.
• Wave and current
measurements near foundation
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17/04/2008Presentation name22 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Benefits from the project and its need
1. Maturity of loads prediction on offshore wind turbines,both on the support structure, as well as rotor nacelle.
• Provides offshore turbine loads data for research purposes.
• Provides for correlated wind and wave measurements for eachload data point.
• One of the very few nacelle mounted LIDARs for offshore windturbines with accurate wind measurements
2. Cost effective foundations.– Improved accuracy for site specific loads prediction
– Estimation of damping of the structure to mitigate fatigue andextreme loads
3. Long term loads on the foundations– Fatigue and ultimate strength requirement evaluations
– Enables improved life prediction
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17/04/2008Presentation name23 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
DEEPWIND – New EU Funded Program
Vertical axis wind turbine
Bottom mounted generator for weight savings
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17/04/2008Presentation name24 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Mooring point
Wave energyconversion device
3x GAIA 11kW. Downwind,Free yaw and teetering
Grid connectionpoint
PSO project, measurements and modeling: DONG, FPP, DHI and Risø DTU
Combined floating wind- and wave energyconverter – Poseidon Experiment
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17/04/2008Presentation name25 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Poseidon: Modeling Challenges
Risø Hawc2 Overview
• Three rotors in one simulation
– Structural modeling already possible in the multi-body formulation
– Aerodynamic model updated to handle this
• Wake from upwind rotors
– Already possible with the dynamic wake meandering model in HAWC2
• Large water surface area
• Full coupled HAWC2-WAMSIM simulations• HAWC2 validated aeroelastic code
• WAMSIM validated radiation/diffractioncode for dynamic of floating structuresfrom DHI
• WAMSIM recode to HAWC2 dll-interface
format• Ordinary HAWC2 turbine model
• Ordinary WAMSIM model
• Full system solved by HAWC2
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17/04/2008Presentation name26 Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
• The development of offshore wind energy depends notonly on industrial development and demonstration –butalso on medium to long term research
• Site conditions very complex – the site specific designconditions are derived in an ad-hoc and pragmatic way
• Integrated design tools exist but are primarily used todemonstrate conservatism of approach
• Limited validation of design loads and response
• Deep water (> 30 m) is a challenge
• Deep water concepts under way
• Offshore wind is just at the beginning – all options areopen
Conclusions