Research Notes Part 1

Works Cited

SOURCE

An item (book, website,

database, interview, etc.)

that supplies information

WORKS CITED

An alphabetical list of works

used in a research paper to

document information from

sources.

Purpose of Works Cited

-To display the sources that were used for a project so others can locate the information

-To give credit to the original author of the work

Works Cited uses MLA (Modern

Language Association) style.

In MLA’s most recent edition,

now, there is one standard,

universal format that researchers

can use to create their citations.

List of sources used on a Works Cited page:

Books (fiction/ nonfiction)

Encyclopedia Articles

Dictionary Entries

Magazine Articles

Database Articles

Webpages

STEPS

1. The documentation of your sources will be built from the information you collect. You will need to find information using the following questions:

WHO is the author of your source?

WHAT is the title of your source?

HOW was the source published?

WHERE did you find the source?

WHEN was the source published?

STEPS

2. After you gather your information from your sources, you will BUILD aWorks Cited entry for each of your sources.

Each source is displayed in a special format.

To build a Works Cited citation, you will need to follow the format for “containers”.

CONTAINERS

the elements that “hold” the source

Example:

If a television episode is watched on

Netflix, Netflix is the container. Both the

title of the source and its container are

included.

CORE ELEMENTS

1. Author. Period ***

2. Title of source. Period ***

3. Title of container, Comma ***

4. Other contributors, Comma

5. Version, Comma

6. Number, Comma

7. Publisher, Comma ***

8. Publication date, Comma ***

9. Location. Period ***

#1, #2, and #9 end with

period- even if there is no

Location, always end with a

period!

1. Author.

Start with the author’s last name, follow it with a comma, and add the rest of the author’s name exactly as it appears on the source.

Immediately following the author’s name is a period.

Examples: Sparks, Nicholas.Seuss, Dr.

2. Title of source.

Include all words in the title and any subtitles as well.

Titles of works are placed in italics(underlined when handwriting).

If the title is part of a larger work, such as a short story in an anthology, or a chapter in an edited book, place the “title” in quotation marks and the title of the larger work in italics.

The same rule applies to other forms as well.

“Title of article” & Name of magazine/newspaper/journal

“Article on website” & Title of Website

“Episodes of TV shows” & Name of TV series

“Song titles” & Album names

If a subtitle is given, place a colon (:) in between the title and the subtitle.

Example:

Game Over: How Nintendo Conquered the World.

3. Title of container,

Titles do not always stand alone. They are often found in a larger whole, or a container. Examples of containers:

A chapter is placed in a container, which is the book it sits in

A song is placed in a container, which is the album it is on

An online article sits in a container, which is the website

When a source has a container,

place the “title of the work” (#2)

in quotation marks and add a

period directly afterwards.

For the container (#3), place it in

italics and add a comma.

4. Other contributors,

Often, other people may be credited in the source as contributors

Precede each name with a description of the role

Examples: edited by, narrated by, translated by

5. Version,

Sources can be released in different versions, or forms. For example, a book can have various versions – such as a first edition or a second edition.

For books, the version can often be found on the front cover. If it is a numbered edition, type out the numeral and use the abbreviation “ed.”

6. Number,

The source you are documenting may be part of a numbered sequence.

Example: a text too long to be printed in one book may be issued in different volumes. Journal issues are usually numbered, and some journals use both volume and issue numbers.

7. Publisher,

The publisher is the company that is

responsible for making the work

To locate the publisher:

BOOK: bottom of the title page

WEBSITE: often next to the copyright

symbol at the bottom of the

page

NOTE: When the name of a

website matches the name

of the publisher, omit the

publisher from the citation.

You do not need to repeat it

twice!

8. Publication date,

The publication date is the date that

the source was released

MLA format for dates: Day Month Year

All months except for May, June and

July are abbreviated (ex. Oct.)

Example: Today’s date would be…

_________________________________

9. Location.

Include the exact location of where you found your

information so that the reader can locate it

themselves.

When including web site addresses in a citation,

omit the http:// or https:// of the citation.

For online works, include the date of access in the

following format, AFTER the web address:

Accessed Day Month Year

End with a period.

For the freshmen research

project, we will be focusing on

the following sources:

Nonfiction book

Webpage

Gale Online article (database)

EXAMPLES OF EACH SOURCE

BOOK

Henley, Patricia. The Hummingbird

House. MacMurray, 1999.

WEBPAGE

White, Lori. “The Newest Fad in People Helping

People: Little Free Pantries.” Upworthy, Cloud

Tiger Media, 3 Aug. 2016,

www.upworthy.com/the-newest-fad-in-people- helping-people-little-free-pantries?g=2&c=hpstream.

Accessed 28 Sept. 2017.

GALE ONLINE DATABASE ARTICLE

Egan, Timothy. "What if Hitler Had Invaded Britain?" New

York Times, 29 July 2017, p. A24(L). General OneFile,

go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=ITOF&sw

=w&u=manh78797&v=2.1&it=r&id=GA

LE%7CA499483048&asid=7e16f94249

349a3284ce24633fe17474. Accessed 18 Sept. 2017.

Sometimes elements #3-9 will repeat again.

Example: if the article came from a library

database, then additional information will be

needed.

The title of the database will be found in the

location, which will come AFTER the publication

date and BEFORE the URL.

The title of the database is in italics.

Setting up a Works Cited page

Works Cited lists are typically found at the very end of a project.

Citations are listed in alphabetical order by the first word in the citation, which is typically the last name of the author.

When there is no author listed for a source, place it in alphabetical order by the title.

Omit words such as A, An, and The

If the title begins with a number, write the number out in word form

How to create a

Works Cited page

Works Cited

(centered on page, no italics or “ ”)

1. 12 pt font, Times New Roman

2. Entries in alphabetical order

3. Double space all entries

4. Hanging indentation if entry goes beyond 1 line

LIKE THIS!

EXAMPLE

Works Cited

Dean, Cornelia. "Executive on a Mission: Saving the Planet." The New York Times, 22

May 2007, www.nytimes.com/2007/05/22/science/earth/22ander.html?_r=0.

Accessed 12 May 2016.

Gowdy, John. "Avoiding Self-organized Extinction: Toward a Co-evolutionary

Economics of Sustainability." International Journal of Sustainable

Development and World Ecology, vol. 14, no. 1, 2007, pp. 27-36.

Leroux, Marcel. Global Warming: Myth Or Reality?: The Erring Ways of Climatology.

Springer, 2005.

Revkin, Andrew C. “Clinton on Climate Change.” The New York Times, 17 May 2007,

www.nytimes.com/video/world/americas/1194817109438/clinton-on-climate-

change.html. Accessed 29 July 2016.

Uzawa, Hirofumi. Economic Theory and Global Warming. Cambridge UP, 2003.