research in the age of the context machine
DESCRIPTION
Keynote at CAGIS workshop on September 23 at GIScience 2014 in Vienna, Austria.TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
RESEARCH IN THE AGE OF THE CONTEXT MACHINE
Carsten Keßler Center for Advanced Research of Spatial Information & Department of Geography
Hunter College, City University of New York
![Page 2: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
CONTEXT IS EVERYTHING
![Page 3: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
A system is context-aware if it uses
context to provide relevant information
and/or services to the user, where relevancy depends on the user’s task.
!
A. K. Dey. Understanding and Using Context. Personal Ubiquitous
Computing, 5(1):4–7, 2001, p 40
“
![Page 4: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
OUTLINE
• Evolution of context-aware systems
• From location-based to context aware systems
• 3 research challenges for GIScience
![Page 5: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
BACK IN THE DAYS
![Page 6: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Schmidt, Albrecht, Michael Beigl, and Hans-W. Gellersen. "There is more to context than location."
Computers & Graphics 23.6 (1999): 893-901.
![Page 8: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
FAST FORWARD ▶▶
![Page 9: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Location Weather POIs Things & people in the vicinity !
Social Friends Family Communication !
Personal Movement & Sleep Schedule Interests !
!
!
!
Technical Connected devices Wireless environment
![Page 10: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
FROM LOCATION BASED TO CONTEXT AWARE
![Page 12: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
RESEARCH CHALLENGES
![Page 15: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
CONTEXT REPRESENTATION AND INTEGRATION
I
![Page 16: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
★
Location
SocialPersonal
Technical
★
![Page 17: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Baldauf, M., Dustdar, S. and Rosenberg, F. (2007) ‘A survey on context-aware systems’, Int. J. Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp.263–277
![Page 18: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
• Leaving implementation issues aside, what are the
conceptual relations between different kinds of context?
• Can context-awareness learn from our experience with GIS?
• Can we identify and handle these conceptual relations with
the tools we have, or does it need more?
![Page 19: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
CONTEXTUAL RELEVANCE MODELS
II
![Page 20: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ContextModel
Potential context information
Available context information
Relevant context information
constrained by available sensors, cost, technologicconstraints…
constrained by effect on task outcome
![Page 21: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
• How to determine which contextual information is relevant
for a task?
• Does this set of contextual parameters change between
users?
• How can we predict this set of parameters when we don’t
even know the user yet?
![Page 22: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
PRIVACY AND AWARENESS
III
![Page 24: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
• How can we put the users back in control of the context
information they share?
• How can we minimize the amount of context information
being shared, without impairing service quality?
• What can be done on the device, without sharing any
information with third parties?
![Page 25: Research in the Age of the Context Machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062707/5585ae66d8b42ae3228b50e9/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)