research animal welfare & scientific integrity: an aaalac international perspective john f....
TRANSCRIPT
Research Animal Welfare & Scientific Integrity:
An AAALAC International Perspective
John F. Bradfield, DVM, PhD, DACLAM
Senior Director, AAALAC International
Agenda
Welfare and Science Review AAALAC trend data Common challenges
Why Animal Welfare in Science Matters
Ethical Imperative Society Veterinarians
Scientific Integrity Healthy, well-cared for animals + properly
designed studies = better science
Welfare and Scientific Integrity
Animals with subclinical disease…. Post-procedural pain relief…. Prompt veterinary care….. Appropriate environment….
Space - pens/ cages Social housing Enrichment Husbandry Illumination HVAC function
AAALAC Mission
……enhances the quality of research, teaching, and testing by promoting humane, responsible animal care and use…..
Accreditation Voluntary Confidential Peer-review Site visit every 3 years
Number of Accredited Programs
19931994199519961997199819992000200120012003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015
500550600650700750800850900950
1000
Accredited Institutions in 41 Countries/ Regions
North America 74%Europe 9%
Latin America/ Caribbean ~1%
Africa .3%
Middle East .3%
Pacific Rim 15%
Demographics - proportion of accredited units by industry sector
Findings - Trends
671 site visits 4815 findings –
described at the exit briefing….
Two Categories of Findings….
Mandatory – a deficiency that must be corrected in order to maintain (or attain) full accreditation
Suggestion for Improvement (SFI) – a deficiency that if corrected would improve the program, but correction is not essential to maintaining full accreditation status
Analysis of Findings
26%
22%18%
14%
10% 10%
Animal Environment
OHS
IACUC
Veterinary Care
Physical Plant
Institutional Admin-istration
IACUC-Related Findings
Committee Composition/ Partic-ipation
Oversight/ PAM
Program Review/ Facilities Inspections
Protocol review process
Policies
Protocol Review Considerations
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
Mandatory
SFI
Protocol Review
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Mandatory
SFI
Vet Care Findings
Procurement
Transportation
Preventive medicine/biosecurity
Surgery & post op
Pain & distress
Euthanasia
Veterinary Medical Care
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Mandatory
SFI
Clinical care……………………………41%Drug use/ storage………………….34%Vet authority/ qualifications….11%
Procedures….71%
Analgesia/anesthetic use…..89%
Animal Environment - Findings
Macroenvironment
Microenvironment
Sanitation
Husbandry
Behavioral/ Social Management
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Mandatory SFI
Social housing……93%
Food/ water…………………..32%Husbandry procedures…..25%
Monitoring effectiveness……48%
Physical Plant - Facilities
HVAC Construction/ maintenance
Special facilites Power Design/ layout0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
HVAC report……………….25%Environ. monitoring……21%Temp./ hum. control…..20%Directional airflow……..18%
Occupational Health & Safety
Personnel protection
Workplace risk/ safety assessment
Individual risk assessment
Hazard usage Medical Service
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
Mandatory
SFI
Overall Mandatory issues – by Region
Region Prevalence North America…… 0.5 (1 in 2 site visits)
Europe…………… 0.86 (8 in 10 site visits)
Pacific Rim………. 1.13 (> 1 each site visit)
Veterinary Care Mandatory Issues
Region Prevalence North America…… 0.05 (1 in 20)
Europe…………… 0.08 (1 in 13)
Pacific Rim………. 0.22 (1 in 5)
Animal Environment - Mandatory Issues
Region Prevalence North America…… 0.08 (1 in 13)
Europe…………… 0.13 (1 in 8)
Pacific Rim………. 0.12 (1 in 8)
IACUC/OB - Mandatory Issues
Region Prevalence North America…… 0.09 (1 in 11)
Europe…………… 0.08 (1 in 13)
Pacific Rim………. 0.29 (1 in 3)
Physical Plant - Mandatory Issues
Region Prevalence North America…….0.10 (1 in 10)
Europe…………… 0.22 (1 in 5)
Pacific Rim………. 0.07 (1 in 14)
OHSP- Mandatory Issues
Region Prevalence North America…….0.12 (1 in 8)
Europe…………… 0.13 (1 in 8)
Pacific Rim………. 0.20 (1 in 5)
Summary
Common challenges include IACUC/ OB - protocol review/ policies
Vet care – vet medical care/ euth./ p/d
Animal env. – social management/ husbandry/ sanitation
Physical plant – HVAC!
OHS – personnel protection/ workplace risk assessment
Summary
Issues that impact animal welfare, impact scientific integrity: IACUC/OB review Social housing Pain and distress Injury, disease, subclinical disease Animal environment and husbandry
Advocate for the animal – Value the science