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The Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE) is unique and hosts a singular expertise in the field of bioethanol from sugarcane. CTBE’s research and development initiatives range from exploratory studies to applied research in the biomass production and processing sector. This occurs at the bench and Pilot Plant scale, allowing also the evaluation of different technologies.

For contributing with these three main areas in a more integrated manner, CTBE underwent a reorganization of its programmatic and organizational structure. With this new organization, we aim to concentrate efforts into a more focused work on bioethanol and green chemistry, especially on eliminating constraints related to second generation ethanol production.

CTBE’s internal research projects are becoming more and more mature over the last years. A leading examples of this are two scientific articles published in high impact journals (>15 - listed in the “Selected Publications” section). We also increased our post-docs positions by 56%, when comparing to 2013 data.

But not only internal projects can be developed at CTBE. In 2014, two facilities became available to external users. We also have been working intensively to prepare other five sophisticated ones to serve Brazilian and foreign researchers in 2015. Furthermore, last year CTBE hosted two scientific events, which discussed biomass production and processing and it promoted the knowledge exchange among researchers worldwide.

In 2014, the Laboratory acquired new partners and customers from industry, as well as received public funding for R&D projects. Only a partnership project funded by the PAISS (BNDES / FINEP) and two private companies received a budget of R$ 25 million (~U$ 8 million). As can be noted, projects in partnership with industry are very relevant for CTBE budget. Around 41% of the Laboratory funding sources in the last year came from industry.

CTBE faced another exciting challenge in 2014 that was its integration as one of the EMBRAPII (Brazilian Enterprise for Research and Industrial Innovation) unities, jointly with other CNPEM’s National Laboratories: LNBio, LNLS and LNNano. In the next years, we intend to maintain the consolidation of CTBE as a reference laboratory for bioethanol research, developing projects in close relationship with industry. Thus, we will keep working on something that we do best: strengthening links between science and technology, in order to improve the energy sector.

Carlos Eduardo Vaz RossellInterim Director of CTBE

Message of the Director

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Contents

CNPEM 06About CTBE 09R&D Facilities 10Internal Research 11Research Highlights 12Innovation 15Professionals 17Selected Publications 19Events and training programs 21

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The Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), located in the city of Campinas-SP, is a private nonprofit organization qualified by the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI) to manage four national laboratories: Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE) and Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano).

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LNLS operates the only Synchrotron Light Source in Latin America, LNBio conducts research focused on biotechnology and pharmaceuticals, CTBE investigates new technologies for bioenergy production and LNNano conducts research in advanced materials, with high economic potential for Brazil.

These laboratories develop their own research projects and participate of the transversal agenda coordinated by CNPEM, combining facilities and scientific skills around strategic themes.

Aerial photograph of CNPEM campus with artistic view of the Sirius building.

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Facade of the CTBE main building, Lab created with the aim of contributing to the Brazilian competitiveness in industrial production and conversion of biomass into fuels and other high added-value compounds

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The Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE) is one of the national laboratories that integrates the Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), an organization certified by the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI). The CNPEM’s activities are organized in four axis of actuation, namely: open facilities, in-house R&D, innovation support, education and training. Accordingly, sophisticated facilities, instrumentation, scientific and technical support are available at CTBE for Brazilian and foreign users that work with production, characterization and processing of biomass and derivatives, as well as biophysics, plant physiology and biotechnology. A platform for technical, economic, environmental and social assessment of biorefinery systems is also available to the sugarcane industry.

The Pilot Plant for Process Development (PPDP) is a major differential at CTBE. This unique structure in Brazil allows scaling up processes (semi-industrial scale – 300 liters) related to biomass conversion into cellulosic ethanol and other products derived from bioeconomy – also available to external users.

On the other hand, the Laboratory´s internal research agenda is dedicated to agricultural, industrial, technological assessment and sustainability issues, as well as to exploratory research related to biomass/bioproducts, in tune with the market needs.

About CTBE

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CTBE houses a sophisticated infrastructure of science and technology in the area of biomass and bioenergy. Its great advantage is the possibility of performing experiments on distinct scales, which facilitates the transfer of technologies to industrial sector.

Three buildings integrate the CTBE facilities (9,000 m2 of the built area): the main one, which includes laboratories and researchers’ offices, the Pilot Plant for Process Development (PPDP) and the Laboratory of Agricultural Prototypes (LPA).

CTBE also houses two facilities available to external research:

Pilot Plant for Process Development (PPDP) – Professionals use PPDP to verify and demonstrate, in semi-industrial scale (300 l), robustness and stability of technological routes for production of ethanol and other compounds derived from biomass. It enables to validate techno-economic and sustainability indicators of processes, minimizing risks and optimizing processes and investment estimates.

Laboratories of Process Development (LDP) – It performs several characterizations of raw materials and products from bioprocesses. The LDP also hosts multiple reactors capable of processing of lignocellulosic biomass and its derivatives for conversion into ethanol, chemical building blocks and other products.

In the beginning of next year, CTBE will open more five R&D facilities, which are:

R&D Facilities

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At CTBE, in-house scientific and technological investigation has been developed in three main expertise areas, focused on the main bottlenecks in biomass and biofuels production cycle. Get acquainted with the research objectives in each area:

Biomass Production - One of the main research lines is dedicated to the evolution of economic and environmental aspects of the agricultural mechanization of sugarcane crop, with emphasis on production costs, soil conservation and quality of raw materials and operations.

A Controlled Traffic Structure (ETC) has being developed, which brings a new concept that aims to reduce by 80% the incidence of traffic on sugarcane field. This new machinery should preserve soil nutrients and save fuel. In addition, an alternative harvesting process promises to reduce the cost of operation by 50%.

Another area approaches the agricultural management of sugarcane production. It embraces sustainability issues, such as planting and precision fertilizing, low carbon agriculture, water resources, impacts on land use changes and evaluation of greenhouse gases emissions (GEE).

A third research line comprises exploratory and applied research for sugarcane physiology and molecular biology, based on systems biology. Its objective is to unravel the mechanisms of plant production and growth, using bioinformatics and OMICs approaches.

Biomass Processing - Prospective and driven research has been developed in the area of sugarcane conversion into bioproducts. These studies involves the main processes of biofuels production, such as physicochemical treatment, enzymatic complex obtainment, enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.

Green chemistry is a growing research line at the Laboratory. Researchers aims to convert biomass into fuels, new materials, and chemicals for several industrial sectors. For this, they make use of biochemistry, metabolic and bioprocess engineering, chemical and biological catalysis, downstream, physic-chemical separations, among other techniques for proof-of-concepts processes at the bench and in a pilot scale.

After testing these technologies, it is possible to scale (up and down) through CTBE´s Pilot Plant, a unique facility dedicated to internal, industry-related and external development of new or optimized processes and products.

Integrated Evaluation of Biorefineries - Professionals performs the use and development of a computational simulation tool entitled Virtual Sugarcane Biorefinery (VSB). The VSB evaluates new technologies and agricultural strategies in the sugarcane sector through assessment of the three main pillars of sustainability: social, economic and environmental.

Generated data should be usefull for private companies, academia and governments, in order to set priorities, assess the success of projects and aid on planning investments for new technologies. Research lines develop agricultural and industrial simulation of technologies, technological and methodological evaluation, and products simulation and use.

Internal Research

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Research Highlights

The R&D studies performed at CTBE aim to generate significant impacts in several areas related to the biomass and bioenergy production. On the following pages will be presented some outstanding works carried out by CTBE in 2014.

Multistage continuous fermentation with recovery, reactivation and yeast recycle, in order to produce wines of high alcoholic content

Partnership and funding: BP.The data obtained in this project will enable

the development of a model for simulating the implementation of this new technology in an industrial unity. In 2014, the project finished its laboratory phase and initialized the scale up phase in the Pilot Plant (PPDP). This process aims to test, validate and demonstrate the developed technology. Experimental results showed that the new process will contribute to increase the fermentation productivity up to 9 g ethanol /Lh, doubling the standard yield.

These findings will impact positively in vinasse generation, steam consumption and conception of smaller equipment. This new technology can be also extended to the ethanol production from other biomasses. The productivity gain is mostly due to the elevation of the alcohol content in the fermentation final wine, from the current 8,5° GL up to 15° GL, consequently reducing the generation of vinasse.

Ethanol production for integration of off-season maize in the sugarcane industry: environmental assessment, economic and policy suggestions

Partnership: BNDES, Embrapa, Esalq, USP.Funding: BNDES – Brazilian Development Bank.Commissioned by BNDES, this study developed

a technical, economic and environmental assessment for the integration of corn ethanol production in

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sugarcane mills through the use of Virtual Biorefinery of Sugarcane (VSB). The findings will be used in formulation of public policies. Furthermore, companies, funding agencies and government institutions can obtain correct and valuable information about the real technical, economic and environmental impacts of distinct biorefineries configurations.

The complete work can be found in BNDES´ journal: Milanez, A.Y.; Nyko, D.; Valente, M.S.; Xavier, C.E.O.; Chagas, M.F.; Gouveia, V.L.R.; Matsuura, M.I.S.F.; Donke, A.C.G.; Cavalett, O.; Kulay, L.A.; Ramos, N.P.; Morandi, M.A.B.; Bonomi, A. A produção de etanol a partir da integração do milho safrinha a usinas de cana: avaliação ambiental, econômica e sugestões de política. Revista do BNDES, vol. 41, jun. 2014.

Development of new products from sugarcane

Partnership: DowFunding: FINEP (PAISS) and DowDevelopment of a process for obtaining market-attractive chemical building blocks by

biological route. The project started in January 2014. Its results consisted of technical and economic analyses, in order to evaluate the opportunity cost of each substrates used in the production of the desired building block.

In addition, a compound capable of increasing the yield of targeted product was confirmed. It also was established an investigation about the consumption of several carbon sources by the microorganism, as well as a study of the mechanisms involved in the sources degradation.

Straw maintenance on the soil surface and its impacts on soil properties and sugarcane biomass production

Partnership: São Martinho group, Zilor group and UnicampFunding: CNPq and FAPESP (scholarships)This project measures the impacts of removing sugarcane straw from soil for industry

usage, evaluating the sugarcane production and sustainability issues in the Central South of Brazil. Results indicate that removing straw in low fertility soils decreases sugarcane productivity in the next cycle. On the other hand, the productivity of high fertility soils was not modified by straw removal.

The study also points out that the quantity of straw necessary to be maintained in the field, in order to improve the sustainability, will vary depending on the climate conditions of the region. Furthermore, sandy soils require larger quantities of straw, and consequently, fewer residues can be used for bioelectricity or second generation ethanol.

Secretion of heterologous glycoproteins in Aspergillus: effect of the glycosylation pattern on functional parameters of glycoside hydrolases Partnership: Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Oklahoma State University.

Funding: FAPESP.

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Filamentous fungi strains were optimized to produce enzymes with biotechnological interest, highlighting “Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes” (CAZymes), involving glycoside hydrolases accessory esterases, lyases and transferases.

From the proteomics data, four proteins highly secreted in sugarcane bagasse and xylan medium were selected to the heterologous expression in A. nidulans. Protein engineering studies were also conducted, in order to understand the xyloglucan cleavage patterns (closely linked to cellulose). Thus, two glycoside hydrolases from family 12 (GH12) were characterized, being selected as a model from two filamentous fungi, Aspergillus terreus and Aspergillus clavatus, called AtEglD (promiscuous) and AclaXegA (specific for xyloglucan), respectively.

From the wild genes, mutants were constructed with the aim to study the structural determinants responsible for high specificity of some GH12 enzymes. Nowadays, experiments of purification and characterization of these mutants are under development.

Genomic studies of Sugarcane (SP80-3280) at CTBE

Partnership: IlluminaFunding: CTBENowadays there is a lack of genomics data and information for sugarcane; availability

of such information will eventually strengthen and accelerate breeding programs. This lack of information is partly due to sugarcane’s complex genome structure, which is not amenable to current high-throughput short-read sequencing technologies. Current sugarcane cultivars are interspecific hybrids, with a ploidy level between 8 and 12, and with an estimated haploid genome size of approx. 760-930Mbps.

We have used the new TruSeq Synthetic Long Read sequencing technology from Illumina, in a pilot project, to sequence the sugarcane genome (variety SP80-3280) at a shallow coverage. We have generated 9 libraries, accounting for more than 5Gbp of sequence data, thus giving an estimated coverage of around 5x of the haploid genome. The current assembly has over 1Gbp of assemble long reads, and we could annotate 300,000 protein-coding genes exploiting RNASeq data previously generated in the group.

Identification of a highly conserved gene set in eukaryotes, have revealed a coverage of approx. 90% of the gene space. We have released a BLAST server to access the draft genome sequence, publicly available: http://bce.bioetanol.cnpem.br/ctbeblast

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Innovation

At CTBE, research institutions, industries and capital markets can develop partnerships in area of bioethanol and biobased products, in order to create favorable conditions for technology transfer, as well as access and dissemination to the knowledge produced in the Laboratory.

Throughout 2014, 14 agreements with companies were performed by CTBE. Major of these partnerships are listed below:

CTBE’s researchers also filled one patent in the last year: BR 10 2014 030175 - Dumper roll, setter, harvesting module and feeding process of culm harvesters.

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Partnerships Highlights

Rhodia: Production of chemical intermediates from macromolecules of sugarcane bagasse. In its fourth year of development, with a budget of R$ 7.7 million (90% financed by BNDES – Funtec Line), the project recently concluded the downstream step for the obtainment of two chemical blocks, starting the operation in the Pilot Plant (PPDP). Researchers expect that the partner company can produce these intermediates in Brazil. These action probably should create jobs, decrease importation of these compounds and replace a petroleum derivative for a renewable raw material.

Dow: Production of chemical blocks from sugarcane. This project started in 2014, and already shows interesting results, such as a compound able to increase the yield of the target-product (with a potential patent). The project has a budget of R$ 2.8 million (FINEP – PAISS).

Dow/DSM: Development of a technological route for conversion of sugarcane biomass into bioethanol. With a budget of R$ 25 million (BNDES PAISS), it is expected the obtainment of data that will result in a conceptual project of an industrial plant with integrated production of first and second generation ethanol.

BP: Fermentation process for obtainment of high alcoholic content from sugar wines. Data from experimental studies confirmed that the technology under development would contribute significantly to the global efficiency of the industrial plant. Its main advantage is to double the productivity of alcoholic fermentation, when compared to current industrial patterns. This project is a collaboration between BP and CTBE, each one funding 50% of the project. Total budget: R$ 4.1 million.

Eli Lilly: Development of a technological platform optimized to increase the availability of nutrients from fibrous biomass to either animal nutrition or second generation ethanol production. The project has a budget of R$ 8.7 million from FINEP (PAISS) and, at least, 9.5 million (financial and non-financial) from Eli Lilly. Infrastructure changes and team hiring and training were conducted.

Jacto Agricultural Machines: Low impact mechanization for the sugarcane crop production. With an investment of R$13 million in four years (BNDES FUNTEC), the project aims to reduce the machinery traffic over the soil by 80% and the harvesting cost by 50%. The results in 2014 include the development of new and optimized structures for agricultural machinery and the begining of field tests.

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Professionals

CTBE ended 2014 with 122 employees. Twenty-nine researchers and 132 scholarship holders (from undergraduate courses to postdocs) worked at the Laboratory. In addition, high-level scientific consultants coming from renowned R&D institutions in Brazil and abroad spent one day a week developing research at CTBE.

PhD´s students 42

Postdoctoral researchers 34

Management staff 12

Undergraduate´s students 27

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Researchers 29

Master´s students 28

Research support staff 65

Specialists

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Some Leading CTBE’s Researchers

Edvaldo Rodrigo de Morais

Morais holds a PhD in Chemical Engineering from the University of Campinas (Unicamp). Nowadays, he works on the evaluation (modeling and simulation processes) of first and second generation ethanol production and other chemicals from renewable sources. He is a team member of the Virtual Sugarcane Biorefinery (VSB).

Camila Caldana

Since 2011, Caldana leads the Molecular Physiology Group at CTBE, whose main interest is to elucidate processes related to plant growth and biomass production. Her group is also responsible for the Metabolomics Laboratory (LabMET), one of the CTBE’s facilities available to external research. Her group is also a partner of Max Planck Society (Germany).

Fabio Vale Scarpare

Scarpare graduated in Agricultural Engineering from USP. During his PhD, he worked on modeling of soil-plant-atmosphere system related to sugarcane crop. At CTBE since 2012, he leads the research group on water resources, which conducts studies on sustainability impacts that results from the changes in land use and agricultural practices.

José Geraldo da Cruz Pradella

Pradella holds a PhD. in Chemical Engineering from USP. It is currently a senior researcher at CTBE. He was Principal Investigator at IPT Biotechnology Group. He has experience in biochemical processes, working on the following topics: expression of heterologous proteins in a bioreactor, cellulases production, biopolymers, vaccine production, for high cell density cultivation and expansion of bioreactor scale.

Sindélia Freitas Azzoni

Azzoni is graduated in Chemical Engineering from the Federal University of Pará. She coordinates the Bioprocess Development Laboratory at CTBE. Her research is focused on enzymes, organic acids and higher alcohols. She also works on collaborative research in the area of primary recovery of enzymes from fungi.

George Jackson de Moraes Rocha

Rocha got his PhD in Physical Organic Chemistry from the University of Sao Paulo (USP). He is a Senior Researcher at CTBE with expertise in biomass plant conversion, working on the following topics: sugarcane bagasse, cellulose, lignin, cellulosic ethanol and composites with natural fibers.

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Selected Publications

The quality and success of CTBE´s R&D can be indicated by its high quality publications. In 2014, CTBE’s profesionals published around 62 scientific articles in indexed journals (according to Web of Science database). The most relevant publications are listed below:

Segato, F., Damásio, A. R., de Lucas, R. C., Squina, F. M., & Prade, R. A. (2014). Genomics review of holocellulose deconstruction by Aspergilli. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 78(4), 588-613.

Mello, F. F., Cerri, C. E., Davies, C. A., Holbrook, N. M., Paustian, K., ... & Cerri, C. C. (2014). Payback time for soil carbon and sugar-cane ethanol. Nature Climate Change, 4(7), 605-609.

Ribeiro, L. F., De Lucas, R. C., Vitcosque, G. L., Ward, R. J., Rubio, M. V., ... & Maria de Lourdes, T. M. (2014). A novel thermostable xylanase GH10 from Malbranchea pulchella expressed in Aspergillus nidulans with potential applications in biotechnology. Biotech. Biofuels, 7, 115.

Borges, T. A., De Souza, A. T., Squina, F. M., Riaño-Pachón, D. M., dos Santos, R. A. C., Machado, E., ... & Goldman, G. H. (2014). Biochemical characterization of an endoxylanase from Pseudozyma brasiliensis sp. nov. strain GHG001 isolated from the intestinal tract of Chrysomelidae larvae associated to sugarcane roots. Process Biochemistry, 49(1), 77-83.

Braga, C. M. P., da Silva Delabona, P., da Silva Lima, D. J., Paixão, D. A. A., da Cruz Pradella, J. G., & Farinas, C. S. (2014). Addition of feruloyl esterase and xylanase produced on-site improves sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis. Bioresource technology, 170, 316-324.

Damásio, A. R., Rubio, M. V., Oliveira, L. C., Segato, F., Dias, B. A., Citadini, A. P., ... & Squina, F. M. (2014). Understanding the function of conserved variations in the catalytic loops of fungal glycoside hydrolase family 12. Biotechnology and bioengineering, 111(8), 1494-1505.

Horta, M. A. C., Vicentini, R., da Silva Delabona, P., Laborda, P., Crucello, A., Freitas, S., ... & Souza, A. P. (2014). Transcriptome profile of Trichoderma harzianum IOC-3844 induced by sugarcane bagasse. PloS one, 9(2).

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Driemeier, C., & Francisco, L. H. (2014). X-ray diffraction from faulted cellulose I constructed with mixed I–I stacking. Cellulose, 21(5), 3161-3169.

Oliveira, L. R., Nascimento, V. M., Gonçalves, A. R., & Rocha, G. J. (2014). Combined process system for the production of bioethanol from sugarcane straw. Ind. Crops and Products, 58, 1-7.

Goldbeck, R., Damásio, A. R., Gonçalves, T. A., Machado, C. B., Paixão, D. A., Wolf, L. D., ... & Squina, F. M. (2014). Development of hemicellulolytic enzyme mixtures for plant biomass deconstruction on target biotechnological applications. Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 98(20), 8513-8525.

Lima, M. A., Gomez, L. D., Steele-King, C. G., Bernardinelli, O. D., Carvalho, M. A., ... & Polikarpov, I. (2014). Evaluating the composition and processing potential of novel sources of Brazilian biomass for sustainable biorenewables production. Biotechnology for biofuels, 7(1), 10.

da Silva, C. R., Franco, H. C. J., Junqueira, T. L., van Oers, L., van der Voet, E., & Seabra, J. E. (2014). Long-Term Prospects for the Environmental Profile of Advanced Sugar Cane Ethanol. Environmental science & technology, 48(20), 12394-12402.

Carvalho, J. L. N., Raucci, G. S., Frazão, L. A., Cerri, C. E. P., Bernoux, M., & Cerri, C. C. (2014). Crop-pasture rotation: A strategy to reduce soil greenhouse gas emissions in the Brazilian Cerrado. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 183, 167-175.

Moraes, B. S., Junqueira, T. L., Pavanello, L. G., Cavalett, O., Mantelatto, P. E., Bonomi, A., & Zaiat, M. (2014). Anaerobic digestion of vinasse from sugarcane biorefineries in Brazil from energy, environmental, and economic perspectives: Profit or expense?. Applied Energy, 113, 825-835.

Pereira, L. G., Dias, M. O., Junqueira, T. L., Pavanello, L. G., Chagas, M. F., Cavalett, O., ... & Bonomi, A. (2014). Butanol production in a sugarcane biorefinery using ethanol as feedstock. Part II: Integration to a second generation sugarcane distillery. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 92(8), 1452-1462.

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Events and Training Programs

CTBE promotes training activities, education and outreach. International events are organized frequently, in order to share research results and improve scientific collaborations. In 2014, a highlight in this area was a training course on second generation of ethanol production presented for 40 Brazilian professors of certificate programs (technician courses) in sugar and ethanol production.

International Events Promoted in 2014Workshop on 2nd Generation Bioethanol 2014

November 10th and 11th

The fifth annual edition of this event brought together professionals from several countries to discuss challenges related to the production of biofuels and other products from renewable biomass. The topics covered in this event include synthetic biology of cellulosomes, microbial systems for biofuels, biotechnology of filamentous fungi and relationship between biomass structure and bioconversion. Twelve international speakers participated in this workshop, as well as three sponsors companies – GE, Illumina and Novozymes.

III Workshop on Sugarcane Physiology for Agronomic Applications

December 2nd and 3rd

Researchers from Brazil and abroad participated in this workshop edition. Four session was promoted with these main topics: Sugarcane in the Field; Sugarcane-environment Interactions; Resources for Sugarcane Genomics; Sugarcane Metabolism, Growth and Development.

CNPEM-UK Meeting on Biocatalyst Discovery and Synthetic Biology

December 10th

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Renowned scientists discussed the potential of new scientific approaches, such as metagenomics, high throughput screening, and synthetic and system biology, in order to enhance agricultural residues conversion into high value products. This meeting also stimulated collaboration between researchers from CNPEM and the United Kingdom in the industrial biotechnology area.

Courses

Training Course on Second Generation of Ethanol Production, presented to Centro Paula Souza / FATEC professors

September 15th to 17th | Duration: 16 hours for theory lessons and 8 hours for practical activities.Participants: 40 professors of training courses on sugarcane industry.

The steps and equipment of second generation ethanol production were presented in details to the participants. A textbook and a set of illustrative videos were produced by CNPEM’s Communication Department exclusively for this course. These videos are available at YouTube: www.youtube.com/BioetanolCTBE.

Short Course on Second Generation of Ethanol Production, presented in the “4th Chemical Engineering Academic Week of Federal University of Paraná”, at Ponta Grossa

September 23rd and 24th | Duration: 8 hours.Participants: 16 undergraduate students and professors.

Course Environmental Footprint Life Cycle Analysis of Bioenergy, at Concepcion University

May 26th to 30th | Duration: 20 hours. Participants: 12.

Course Energy Capacity Building, hosted by British Council at the University of Sao Paulo – Sao Carlos School of Engineering (EESC/USP)

February | Duration: 20 hours.Participants: 20.

Courses “Fist Generation of Biothanol Production” and “Experience in the Second Generation of Bioethanol Production – Pretreatment Techniques” at Laboratorio Tecnologico del Uruguay (LATU)

November 10th to 12th | Duration: 8 hours. Participants: 14 undergraduate students and professors from LATU.

Course Basic Introduction to Aspen Plus and BVC Industrial Scenarios

Duration: 12 hours. Participants: 10.

Short Course on Sugarcane Biorefineries Assessment

Participants: 20 graduate students from UNESP - Jaboticabal.

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Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM)

Edition: Luiz Paulo Juttel / ACOGraphic Design and Layout: Pamela Machado / ACO

Printing: Gráfica Campinas e Editora - IGCPhotos: Giancarlo Giannelli, Guilherme Borini, Gustavo Tilio,

Luiz Paulo Juttel and Pablo Levinsky

Campinas, Sao Paulo - July 2015

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