Research and Education Networking in the United States: Looking Back and Visioning the Future

Douglas E. Van HouwelingPresident & CEO

Internet2APAN 24th MeetingXi’an, ChinaAugust 31, 2007

Overview

• Where we have been, and why

• Where we are today• Organization• Technology

• The future NREN for the USA

APAN and Internet2• APAN and Internet2 partnership since June 1999

• Joined meetings in 2001, 2004, 2008

• Extensive APAN participation in Internet2 Member Meetings

• Connectivity between Internet2 network infrastructure and APAN• TransPAC2 project and APAN member country

networks• TransPAC/Indiana University and US Pacific Consortium

as Associate Members

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History & BackgroundHistory & Background

ARPANet 1987– NSFNet 1990 -- Advanced Network and Services

(ANS) 1994 -- WWW 1994 -- Commercialization 1997 -- Next Generation Internet

Initiative & Internet2

ARPANet 1987– NSFNet 1990 -- Advanced Network and Services

(ANS) 1994 -- WWW 1994 -- Commercialization 1997 -- Next Generation Internet

Initiative & Internet2

NSFNET• 1986 56 kb connections for supercomputing

centers• 1987 NSF Cooperative Agreement

• Merit, IBM, MCI, Michigan partnership

• 1988 T1 in production• 15% monthly growth• 1990 T1 link to Europe

• 1990 ANS T3 in production• 1995 Commercialization

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Today’s InternetToday’s Internet Growing at 10 - 15% per month Capacity lags applications

• The “world wide wait”• Human interaction awkward

• Internet telephony• Video conferencing• Shared authoring

• Distributed large scale computing and data base efforts impossible

Growing at 10 - 15% per month Capacity lags applications

• The “world wide wait”• Human interaction awkward

• Internet telephony• Video conferencing• Shared authoring

• Distributed large scale computing and data base efforts impossible

5/5/98

Today’s InternetToday’s Internet

Mission-critical applications seldom pursued on the public Internet • Authentication• “Best efforts” not good enough

Intranets and Extranets instead• Match capacity and demand• Provide a more secure environment• Don’t reach the public at large, though!

Mission-critical applications seldom pursued on the public Internet • Authentication• “Best efforts” not good enough

Intranets and Extranets instead• Match capacity and demand• Provide a more secure environment• Don’t reach the public at large, though!

5/5/98

Barriers to ProgressBarriers to Progress

Providers swamped attempting to match capacity to demand

No large scale development environment available

Negative-sum competitive environment inhibits investment

Advanced applications can’t be deployed

Providers swamped attempting to match capacity to demand

No large scale development environment available

Negative-sum competitive environment inhibits investment

Advanced applications can’t be deployed

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Advanced InternetProjectsAdvanced InternetProjects

Next Generation Internet (NGI)• Focused on:

• Federal mission agency needs

• Maintaining US Internet leadership

Internet2• Focused on:

• Higher education needs

• Moving the public Internet to the next level

Next Generation Internet (NGI)• Focused on:

• Federal mission agency needs

• Maintaining US Internet leadership

Internet2• Focused on:

• Higher education needs

• Moving the public Internet to the next level

DEVH AAU 10/21/96-10-

Internet II -- Objectives

• Response to Research & Education Needs

• Applications Innovation & Demonstration

• Reliable, Broadband Desktop to Desktop Connectivity

• Intercampus

• Intracampus

• Higher Education Control

• Transparent Interface to the Commodity Internet

• Rapid Transfer to Commercial Sector

Internet2 Universities209 University Members as of August 2007

Internet2 Affiliate Members• ACUTA• Altarum• American Distance Education Consortium• Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy

(AURA)• CERN• Charles R. Drew University• Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia• Cleveland Institute of Music• Cleveland Museum of Art• Coalition for Networked Information• Desert Research Institute• EDUCAUSE• ESnet• Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society

(HIMSS)• Howard Hughes Medical Institute• Indiana Higher Education Telecommunications System

(IHETS)• Inter-American Development Bank• Internet Educational Equal Access Foundation• Jet Propulsion Laboratory• Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory• The Library of Congress• Los Alamos National Laboratory

• Manhattan School of Music• NASA Goddard Space Flight Center• NASA Marshall Space Flight Center• National Archives and Records Administration• National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)• National Geographic• National Institutes of Health• NOAA – Washington, D.C.• National Science Foundation• New World Symphony• NIST• Oak Ridge National Laboratory• OSTN (Open Student Television Network)• Pacific Northwest National Laboratory• Ruth Lily Health Education Center• SURA• TOPIX• U.S. Census Bureau• United Nations System of Organizations• United States Antarctic Program• United States Dept. of Commerce Boulder Labs• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum• University Corporation for Atmospheric Research• University of North Carolina General Administration• The World Bank

Strengthening Community:Reviewing Internet2 Governance

• Governance and Nominations Committee was charged by Internet2 Board of Trustees

• Key areas of focus:• New Research & Education Network Membership Category• Board composition: CIOs, researchers, and state/regional

networking organizations• Advisory Council-Board interactions and priority setting• Transparency of decision-making

• Recommendations adopted by the Board• Nominations and elections complete

• 60 individuals from US will begin service in October

The Crucial Role of the RONs

Internet2 R&E Network Members

• 3ROX• CEN• CENIC• CIC OmniPoP• CPE• FLR• GPN• Indiana GigaPoP• KanREN• LEARN• LONI• MAGPI• MAX• MCNC• Merit Network

• MOREnet• MREN• NJEDge.Net• Northern Lights GigaPoP• NOX• NYSERNet• OARnet• OneNet• OSCnet• OSHEAN• Pacific Northwest GigaPoP• PeachNet• SOX• UEN• WiscNet

State Education Networks Connected to Internet2

Internet2 Corporate Partners

Internet2 Corporate Sponsors

• Arbor Networks• Campus Televideo• Codian, Inc.• Foundry Networks• inSORS Integrated

Communications

• Polycom Worldwide• RADVISION• TANDBERG• VBrick Systems

Internet2 Corporate Members• ADVA Optical Networking• Apparent Networks• Arbinet-thexchange, Inc.• C-SPAN• Caterpillar, Inc.• Cdigix• Cedar Point Communications• Comcast Cable Communications• CommuniGate Systems• EBSCO Information Services• Education Networks of America, Inc.• Fujitsu Laboratories of America• Global Crossing• Google• HaiVision Systems, Inc.• Johnson & Johnson• KDDI Corporation• LifeSize Communications

• Lucent Technologies• Media Links, Inc.• Napster, LLC• Nippon Telephone and Telegraph (NTT)• Northrop Grumman Information Technology• OCLC Online Computer Library Center• OpVista, Inc.• RIAA• Red Hat, Inc.• Ruckus Network, Inc.• Schlumberger• Steelcase, Inc.• The Thomson Corporation• Verizon Business• Video Furnace, Inc.• VoEx, Inc• Warner Bros.

Internet2 International Partners

Asia-PacificAAIREP (Australia)APAN (Asia-Pacific)ANF (Korea)CERNET/CSTNET/ NSFCNET (China)JAIRC (Japan)JUCC (Hong Kong)MYREN/MDeC (Malaysia)NECTEC/UNINET (Thailand)PERN (Pakistan)REANNZ (New Zealand)SingAREN (Singapore)NCHC/TANet (Taiwan)

AmericasCANARIE (Canada)CEDIA (Ecuador)CLARA (Latin America & Caribbean)CNTI (Venezuela)CR2NET (Costa Rica)CUDI (Mexico)REUNA (Chile)RETINA (Argentina)RNP [FAPESP] (Brazil)SENACYT (Panama)

EuropeARNES (Slovenia)BELNET (Belgium)CARNET (Croatia)CESnet (Czech Republic)DANTE (Europe)DFN-Verein (Germany)FCCN (Portugal)GARR (Italy)GIP- RENATER (France)GRNET (Greece)HEAnet (Ireland)HUNGARNET (Hungary)NORDUnet (Nordic Countries)PSNC/PIONER (Poland)RedIRIS (Spain)RESTENA (Luxembourg)RIPN (Russia)SANET (Slovakia)Stichting SURF (Netherlands)SWITCH (Switzerland)TERENA (Europe)JISC, UKERNA (United Kingdom)

AfricaMCIT [EUN/ENSTINET] (Egypt)TENET (South Africa)

Middle EastEtisalat University College (UAE)Israel-IUCC (Israel)Qatar Foundation (Qatar)

South AsiaERNET/CDAC (India)

Internet2 International Partners

Summary

• Internet2 started October 1996• From 34 to over 200 universities today

• 50+ other research and non-profit institutions• From United Nations to Lawrence Berkeley Labs to the

New World Symphony• 50+ for profit companies• 30 state and regional R&E networks• Primary, secondary schools, museums, libraries,

healthcare institutions through Sponsored Educational Group Participants (SEGP)

• More than 50 international partners

Summary

• Internet2• Provides a high-performance network environment

for the US research and education community• optimized to meet the needs of research, teaching,

learning, clinical and outreach missions of that community

• Enables the development and deployment of new network, middleware and applications technologies, services and protocols

• Draws the community together to support these efforts

Strengthening Community:Supporting member engagement

• Middleware Architecture Committee for Education (MACE)

• Salsa: Security Advisory Group• K20 Initiative Advisory Committee• Health Sciences Advisory Group• Arts & Humanities Advisory Groups• Working Groups• Special Interest Groups

Internet2 – National LambdaRail

• Planned merger• 3/9/2007 Memorandum of Agreement• 4/23/2007 Merger Planning Team (MPT) appointed• 5/10/2007 Network Planning Team report• 8/23/07 MPT Definitive Agreement Proposal• 8/28/07 Internet2 Board approval• 8/30/07 NLR Board discussion

• Scope of the combined organizations• Consolidated network infrastructure• Brings regional and national organizations together

Technology

• Network

• Middleware

• Applications

• Community

• Collaboratively enabling US cyberinfrastructure

Developing the new Internet2 Network

The design and development of the new Internet2 Network was driven by community input.

• Group A Report• Internet2 Community Design Workshop• Network Advisory Group• Network Technical Advisory Council• One-on-one outreach to regional networking

organizations• Intensified discipline-specific support

A New Networking Model

A New Networking Model

A New Networking Model

New Internet2 Network Objectives

• Ensure community control of underlying network infrastructure

• Leverage capabilities of a global telecommunications leader• Carrier class reliability and expanded breadth of

services

• Capitalize on latest technology in networking• Create an asset that benefits entire community

• Researchers, universities, regional optical networks, industry, government, K-12, and the international community

Internet2 Network Characteristics

• Hybrid optical and IP network• Dynamic and static wavelength services • Fiber, equipment dedicated to Internet2;

Level 3 Communications maintains network and service level

• Simultaneous support of diverse requirements• experimental projects• production services

New Internet2 Network Capacities

• Initial capacity 10 x previous network• 10 wavelengths at 10 Gbps each

• Future capacity nearly unlimited• 40 Gbps and 100 Gbps wavelength

capabilities• Unlimited additional wavelengths available

• Rapid provisioning of dedicated circuits• Flexibly-sized circuit capacity

Internet2 Network Optical Switching Node

Level3 Regen Site

Internet2 Redundant Drop/Add Site

ESnet Drop/Add Site

Internet2 Network

Coordinating Across Geographic Scales

Advanced R&E Networking:Networking Capabilities

TODAY• Megabit-per-second bandwidth• IP-based services• Campus-focused middleware• Loose coordination across networksTOMORROW• Gigabit-per-second bandwidth• IP-based and Dynamic Circuit (DC) services• Inter-domain middleware • High coordination across networks

Integrated Systems Model

Middleware Infrastructure

• Focus:• Inter-institutional collaboration• Scalable authenticated/authorized access to remote

resources

• Internet2 role:• Defining/creating architecture: Shibboleth• Tools to implement: Shibboleth, Grouper, Signet• Infrastructure/Services to scale: InCommon, USHER

Advanced R&E Networking:Applications

TODAY• TV-Quality Videoconferencing• Gigabyte-class data sets among small research groups• Limited access to remote scientific instrumentsTOMORROW• Uncompressed HDTV and gigapixel displays• Terabyte-class data sets among global research groups• Routine, reliable, and discipline wide access to remote

scientific instruments

Supporting Large-scale Distributed Sensor Networks

• Ecology

• Seismology

• Meteorology

Access to Unique Scientific Instruments

• Astronomy

• High-Energy and Nuclear Physics

Hi-fidelity Collaboration

• HD-quality video

• CD-quality audio

Tele-health

• Medical instruction

• Clinical practice

• Research

NEPTUNE

http://www.neptune.washington.edu/

JASON

http://www.jason.org/

Cyberinfrastructure Vision:More Than High-End Computing and Connectivity• Focused making greater capabilities available

across the science and engineering research communities

• Allows applications to interoperate across institutions and disciplines

• Ensures that data and software are preserved and easily available to all

• Empowers enhanced collaboration over distance and across disciplines

Report of the National Science FoundationBlue-Ribbon Advisory Panel on Cyberinfrastructure

Cyberinfrastructure Days

• TeraGrid, Open Science Grid, Internet2 and EDUCAUSE collaboration

• Assist campuses in their CI planning• Reach out to early and later-adopting

disciplines • Gather feedback/insight on services the

national organizations could provide to aid campuses and discipline communities

Additional Workshops

• Arts & Humanities• Dynamic Circuit Services • High-Energy Nuclear Physicists

(Large Hadron Collider)• IPv6• Multicast• Network Performance• Real Time Collaboration Tools

(Internet2 Commons)

The Future

• A Vision for the US NREN• Internet2• NLR• Regional & state networks• Federal agencies• K-20/library/museum community

• An imperative for US capability and competitiveness

An Asset for the Community

Universities

Researchers

Regional Networks

K-12

Industry

International

An Asset for the Community

Universities

Researchers

Regional Networks

K-12

Industry

International