RESEARCHOUTPUT

Submitted by : Prince Bryle E. Villasis

Submitted to : Maam Yolly B. Suerte

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name : Niel Joshua Jagunap RaymundoBirthday : December 19, 1994

Education Background : Elementary : Leganes Central Elementary School High School : Iloilo National High School

Family : Mothers Name : Concepcion Jagunap Raymundo Occupation : Housewife

Fathers Name : Nilo Guintivano Raymundo Occupation : Architect / Business Proprietor

Siblings : Connieza Rosebelle J. Raymundo Nochol John J. Raymundo Nathaniel Justin J. Raymundo

LEMON GRASS (Cymbopogan citrates), TALAHIB GRASS (Saccharum spontaneum), AND COGON GRASS (Imperata cylindrical) AS MICROBIAL MATS OF WATER POLLUTANTS

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the ability of Lemon grass ( Cymbopogan citratus ), Talahib grass ( Saccharum spontaneum ), and Cogon grass ( Imperata cylindrica ) to absorb heavy metals from polluted water. This was conducted las June November 2011 at the house of the researcher at St. Peter St., San Vincente Village, Poblacion, Leganes, Iloilo. The focus of this study was Lemon grass ( Cymbopogan citratus ), Talahib grass ( Saccharum spontaneum ), and Cogon grass ( Imperata cylindrica ) as the affecting factors while the amount of heavy metals absorbed as the result of the study. The amount of heavy metal contained and remained in the water was determine through the process of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, tested at the University of the Philippines, Miag-ao, Iloilo. The statistical tools used to describe the data gathered were the mean and standard deviation while the ANOVA set at 5% level of significance was used to determine the significant differences among data. The results of the study showed that the Lemon grass ( Cymbopogan citratus ) had absorbed 96.60% of lead metal, the Talahib grass ( Saccharum spontaneum ) had absorbe 78.05% of lead metal and Cogon grass ( Imperata cylindrical ) had absorbed 96.57% of lead metal. The result also showed that there is no significant difference among treatments in the ability of absorbing Lead ( Pb ) metal in a Lead contaminated water.

KIND / CLASSIFICATION OF RESEARCH

This kind of research is Experimental Research it evaluates the effect or the outcome of a particular or treatment.

METHODS

Its research method is Experimental Method because it maintain equality between data, the percentage o heavy metal remained and the reduction percentage was computed and was used on other statistical computations instead of the actual data.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The purpose of this study was to determine th ability o Lemon grass ( Cymbopogan citrates ), Talahib grass ( Saccharum spontaneum ) and Cogon grass ( Imperata cylindrica ) to absorb heavy metals from polluted water when made into microbial mats. The research design used in this study was Pre test Post test Design.

Aristotle

Aristotleis the Great philosopher who had a vast knowledge in different disciplines. Studying different subject he contributed a lot in each of those subjects. He contributed in physics, poetry, zoology, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, and biology. This laurel Greek philosopher was born inStagirain 384 BC. His father Nicomachus was a physician to the king Amyntas III of Macedons court and it is believed that their ancestors also held this position. Earlier in his life he was taught by his father at home and the medical knowledge he got from his father led him to investigate natural phenomenon later on. At the age of 18 he admitted in to the young Greek aristocracy run by Plato, another Great Greek philosopher, andAristotlebecame the most favorite student of Plato.As a scientistAristotlemade a good contribution which was very influential for the development of the science over the year. Mainly he spent most of his life researching the natural science and he did the researches without making reference to the Mathematics which was later proven as the weakness of his research by the scientists. His natural science oriented research includes botany, zoology, physics, astronomy, chemistry, and meteorology,geometryand many more. He was also the teacher of the Great warrior Alexander the Great. This great philosopher died n 322 BC.Sir Isaac Newton

Newtonwas also a man of versatile quality. He wasphysicist, mathematician, astronomer, alchemist, and natural philosopher in a row. His contribution in the development of science is a special one. He I best known for his explanation of Universal Gravitation and three laws of motion, and he was able to prove that the reason of both the motion of objects on Earth and ofcelestial bodiesare controlled by the same Neutral laws. These findings could make a revolutionary change in the development of science. In mechanical science his great contribution was in optics. He could make a reflecting telescope. He also made some research on light and stars. His research on General binomial Theorem helped to be introduced todays Calculus.Newtonwas born to a farmer family but before three months of hisbirthhis father died and then he was brought up to his maternal grandmother as her mother remarried.Newtoncould show his talent from his early life in The Kings School in Grantham and later he joined to theCambridgeUniversitywhere he took his higher degrees.

Albert Einstein

Galileo Galilei

Galileois considered as one of the greatest contributor to the development of Science. It is undoubtedly true that Galileo could first helped science to come out of the trend ofAristotle. He wasphysicist, astronomer, and philosopher and his best known contributions lie in the development of Telescope, first two laws of motion and also in Astronomy. He is also considered as the father of astronomy, father of physics and father of science.He was born to a mathematician and musician father Vincenzo Galilei and his mother was Giulia Ammannati inItaly. He was taught form his very early life. He was the first scientist who followed the way of quantitative experiments in his research where the result was based on mathematics. He had to suffer a lot from the church for his theories.

Thomas Edison

Edisonis the great inventor who has over 1000 patents and his inventions are in various fields used in our daily life. In his early life he was thought to have alearning disabilityand he could not read till he was twelve and laterhe himself admitted that he became deafafter pulling up to a train car by his ears. He first could able to turn the attention of the world after inventing Phonograph. His one of the most popular invention is the Electric Bulb. He also developed the telegraph system. His invention of carbontelephonetransmitter developed the carbon microphone which was used in the telephoned till 1980. He also became a prominent businessman and his business institution produced his inventions and marketed the products to the general people.

THE EFFECTS OF CORNCOBS AS MEDIA IN GROWING OYSTER MUSHROOM (Pleurotus ostreatus)

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the effects of corncobs as a growing substrate on oyster mushroom. There were five (5) treatments including the control treatment used in the study. Each treatment had 60 bags. Treatment One has 25% content of corncobs or 9.75 kilograms of corncobs together with the amount of sawdust, lime, refined sugar, and rice bran, the pattern is also used with the next four treatments. Treatment Two has 50% corncobs or 19.5 kilograms of corncobs. Treatment Three has 75% corncobs or 29.25 kilograms of corncobs. Treatment Four has 100% corncobs or 39 kilograms of corncobs. Lastly was the control treatment, Treatment Five, with no corn cobs added. The treatments were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replicants. It also showed that in general, the application of corncobs to the growing media of the oyster mushroom enhanced the growth and yield performance of oyster mushroom. However, it can be note that addition of 100% corncobs alone in a growing media of oyster mushroom was not effective to give a good result. Only the treatment 1, 2, and 3 that contain 25%, 50%, and 75% corncobs, respectively, yield a good growth of mushroom.

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Diandra Marie Villanueva GalloAddress: Brgy, Banban Buenavista, GuimarasBirthday: November 7, 1996Place of Birth: Iloilo City

Family Background:

Fathers Name: Jose Estanislao Garcia Gallo Occupation: Seaman

Mothers Name: Russel Villanueva Gallo Occupation: Social Welfare Officer II

Siblings: Alexandra Marie Villanueva Gallo (Student) Kassandra Marie Villanueva Gallo (Student)

KINDS/CLASSIFICATION OF RESEARCH

This kind of research is Explanatory Research because it looks for a causes or a reason and it attempts to explain the possible factors related to a problem which have been observed in a descriptive study.

METHODS

This research method is Descriptive Method because it describes specific situation. It can be also an Experimental Method because it computes on how many percentage corncobs added.

RESEARCH DESIGN

This study was conducted in order to determine the effect of using different amounts of corncobs to the growth of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Specifically, this study was conducted to determine the effects of using corncobs as a substrate in growing oyster mushroom to the spawn run taken by the oyster mushroom on the 25th and 38th day after planting a length of oyster mushroom taken on the 1st harvest, number of stalks/fruits/per harvest/bag and total weight of mushroom per treatment.

The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used in this study with five treatments including the control treatment. This is a design which a group of test plant or animal is studied only once per subsequent treatment was applied that determined the cause of change. The assigned treatment were completely at random, this was done under controlled condition. The treatments were assigned completely at random so that each experimental unit has the same share of receiving the same treatment. For RCBD, any difference among experimental units receiving the same treatment is considered to b an experimental error.