republic of peru -may 25-2
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REPUBLICOFPERUCULTURALCOMPETENCEIN
NURSINGCARE
Katra Jama , Omotunde Balogun,
Susan Xiang Zhao, Violeta Cartagena
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SYNOPSYS
The purpose of this project on Peru is to learn and
understand its culture.
Culture that is influenced by many factors such as
demography, religion, beliefs, economy and climate.
The understanding of different cultures are needed in the
nursing care now a days.
Knowing physical, psychological, social, emotional, and
spiritual needs of a patient makes a nurse culturally aware
and competent to provide individualized care.
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INTRODUCTION
Peru is South America's third largest country
Peru has a large diversity of climates
It has three distinct geographic regions Central high; Sierra of the Andes
narrow lowland; coastal region
the dense inaccessible forest ---- Amazon
multiethnic country formed by the combination ofdifferent groups
Amerindians inhabited for several millennia
Spaniards and Africans arrived under colonial rule Europeans from England, France, Germany, Italy, and Spain After
independence
Other immigrant groups include Arabs, Japanese and Chinese
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GEOGRAPHY
South America Republic of Peru
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UNIQUEFACTS
There are three forms of flags for Peru
Represents the republic of Peru
Used within the countries government andnavy
Peru's flag of war
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GOVERNMENT
ConstitutionalRepublic
Presidentiselectedbycitizenseveryfiveyears
President is the head of State and Government
Multy-party system/ with three branches
Executive:One president
Two vice-presidents
Prime minister (Council of Ministers)
Legislative: Unicameral Congress
Judicial: Four Tier courtsOne Supreme Court
Lower Courts
Suffrage : Universal and mandatory for citizens 18-70Central Intelligence Agency US. (2011)
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FROM DICTATORSHIPTO CONSTITUTIONAL
Peru had a long history of dictatorship governmentsthat fail rapidly in past 20 years
Military Forces helped to re-establish Constitution
Democracy is established and constitutional rights arein place again
Peruvians will face a new political menace
The birth of terrorism insurgents.
McCormick, G. (2011).
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GUERRILLAS:
THE EMERGENCEOF SENDERO LUMINOSOOR SHINING PATH
Originated with the Land reforms in Latin America
Hacienda system redistributed land to peasants
Insurgent Groups protest to abandoned Andean cities
Highland population didnt received much help from government
Government Neglected the City of Ayacucho
Poor and disconnected of Costas region suffered by antiquated social
economic structure Burgoyne, M. L. (2010)
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COMMUNISM
Guerrilla Warfare Ideology by Mao Tse Tung
Found a home in University of Huamanga-Ayacucho
Ismael Guzman a professor in Politic Science and otherfollowers of SL dominated the faculty and student organizations
Indoctrinated the large native student body with Maoist ideology
Highlighted the vast imparity of wealth in Peru
Peruvian government failed to recognize seriousness of situation.Burgoyne, M. L. (2010
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HELPFROM USA TOFIGHT TERRORISM
The target moved to the Capital City: Lima
New attacks with bombs put population at risk
USA offer training to elite police and army forces to contain
guerrilla attacks
Ismael de Guzman was captured in 1992
He called other followers to surrender
After 18 months 3,600 guerrilla members were captured or
turn themselves in.McCormick, G. (2011)
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Culture and Belief
Peru culture is one of the most diverse in South America. It
consists of art, literature, traditions. Culture of Peru is acombination of the ancient and the contemporary, In spite of
the globalization, Peruvians of today have not forgotten their
traditions. They cherish their cultural diversity. Culture of Peru
is the fundamental of ingrained in Amerindian and Spanishtraditions
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RELIGION & BELIEFS Religion is a mix of Catholicism
and Andean beliefs in the
indigenous population,Catholicism was indoctrinatedto natives by the Spaniards inthe early 1500s.
Most important Viracocha(Lord creator and father ofmen)
The ancient Peru had variouspolytheistic beliefs
Natives used synonymousassociation: Pachamama:
mother earth Virgin Mary
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FAMILYANDRELATIONSHIPS
Ideal model of family is monogamous
The father is the authority of the family andrepresents it in front of the public, while the wife isresponsible for the education of children and is
subordinate to the husband (Fuller 1997)
Men must hold on to the ethics of protection andresponsibility; women must remain pure.
However, lately women are required to work sothey can meet their families financial needs.
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PERU:HEALTHCARE
Peru has income inequalities and is suffering manylimitations related to equipment shortages, cost of
drugs, and operation of health services of the poor.
However, there is a new law that insures free medicaltreatment for all Peruvians
Under this law the health benefits based of three
categories: contributory, semi-contributory andsubsidised regulation.
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HEALTHCARE
Contributory: Government workers will pay the state for the
required financial contribution.
Semi-Contributory: Independent worker
Subsidized: Workers in extreme poverty
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HEALTH CARE Many mothers are still
dying because of critical problems
facing health care in the country.
(Barbara Fraser 2008)
Perus government is trying to
improve the conditions of all thePeruvians
The government is to expand the
primary care services such as
maternal mortality rates,
vaccinations and disease control.
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Health Risks Perus health issues lie in the lack of education and health
awareness while emphasizing cervical cancer. Peruvian womenscreenings for cervical cancer, most women going for
screening were completely unaware of their risks or how to
address them. Providing education and awareness should be a
primary concern for nurses in Peru.
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5 TopHealthcareConcernsinPeru
1. Reinfections are very common amongst PeruvianAdults after Antibiotic treatment of H pylori.
2. Several years ago, abortion was considered one of theprimary health threats for Peruvian women.
3. 2 out of 5 women in Peru have been attacked, pushed,or shaken by their partners. some partners deny or dontreport the abuse.
4. Males are rarely involved in family planning orviolence prevention, and basic health educationprograms.
5. Only 25% of those living in extreme poverty in Peruhave access to healthcare, and malnutrition oftenmanifests
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REFERENCES
Armas Asn, 347+. Academic OneFile. Web. 15 May Fernando. "La religion en el Peru colonial:comentario critico sobre una abundante produccion bibliografica." Histrica26.1-2 (2002): 2011.
Burgoyne, M. L. (2010). Lessons From Peru's Fight Against Sendero Luminogo. Military Review, 90(5),68-73. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.
Central Intelligence Agency US. (2011). The World fact Book. Central Intelligence Agency.
Fogon, El. (n.d.). Peru - The Mystical Land of The Incas. Retrieved May 16, 2011, from Authentic PeruvianCuisine in Toronto: http://www.elfogon.ca/peru/
Freedom of religion. (2011). In Encyclopdia Britannica. Retrieved
from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/218536/freedom-of-religion
HighBeam Research. (2011). High Beam Reasearch,Research articles and archives from 6,500+publications. Retrieved May 20, 2011, from http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-2158390291.html
Hill, Michael D. "Myth, globalization, and mestizaje in new age Andean religion: the Intic Churincuna(Children of the Sun) of Urubamba, Peru." Ethnohistory57.2 (2010): 263+. Academic OneFile. Web. 15May 2011.
Map of the world. (n.d.). Retrieved May 15, 2011, from http://countrystudies.us/peru/43.htm:http://countrystudies.us/peru/43.htm
McCormick, G. (2011). The Shinning Path and Peruvian terrorism. California: RAND Corporation.
Peru-Facts. (2008). Peru Flag. Retrieved May 15, 2011, from http://peru-facts.co.uk/peru-flag.html:http://peru-facts.co.uk/peru-flag.html
WIKIPEDIA. (2011, February 24). Geography of Peru. Retrieved May 19, 2011, from WIKIPEDIA,The freeencyclopedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Peru
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