Republic of Namibia

5 YEAR SANITATION STRATEGY NAMIBIA 2010/11 – 2014/15

Presented by Sjaak de Boer EU Delegation Namibia

Regional Infrastructure Seminar

8 March 2011 Nairobi, KENYA

Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

1. High Level Statements2. Background and Introduction3. Key Sector Stakeholders4. Key Participants at different levels5. Guiding Principles6. Key Indicators and Targets7. Strategic Map, Themes & Budget8. Sanitation Selection Criteria9. Guideline to Selection Sanitation Options10. Capacity Building Sanitation Sector11. Code of Practice for Sanitation

High Level Statements GRNHigh Level Statements GRN

MissionMission“To provide, with minimal impact on “To provide, with minimal impact on environment, acceptable, affordable and environment, acceptable, affordable and sustainable sanitation services for Namibian sustainable sanitation services for Namibian households.”households.”

VisionVision“A healthy environment and improved quality of “A healthy environment and improved quality of life by providing Sanitation services for urban life by providing Sanitation services for urban and rural households.”and rural households.”

SloganSlogan“Sanitation for Improved Quality of Life and Key “Sanitation for Improved Quality of Life and Key to Healthy Communities”to Healthy Communities”

Background and IntroductionBackground and Introduction

• Situational analysis carried out prior to Situational analysis carried out prior to developing the Strategydeveloping the Strategy

• Revealed major threats, opportunities, strengths Revealed major threats, opportunities, strengths and weaknesses faced by Sanitation Sector in and weaknesses faced by Sanitation Sector in NamibiaNamibia

• Key strategic issues formulatedKey strategic issues formulated

Key Sector StakeholdersKey Sector Stakeholders

Key Participants at different Key Participants at different levelslevels

Traditional Authorities play important role in Rural ActivitiesTraditional Authorities play important role in Rural Activities

Guiding Principles

• Facilities should be affordable for households and based on Community-Led Total Sanitation Package (CLSP) approach for long term operational and maintenance sustainability.

• Choice of sanitation technology by community guided by Guideline Sanitation Options (see slide 14).

• In most cases dry sanitation technologies will be likely outcome for rural households

• Collective community decisions may be required where collection and treatment systems are proposed.

• Wherever possible, option of selecting technologies that are upgradable in future will be part of selection process.

• Health promotion services and household hygiene practices essential components of provision of sanitation services.

• Behaviour changes should be promoted, formulated and determined based on cultural sensitivities.

Key Indicators and TargetsKey Indicators and Targets

• Hygiene awareness and education campaignsHygiene awareness and education campaigns• Community specific sanitation trainingCommunity specific sanitation training• Practicing safe hygiene behaviourPracticing safe hygiene behaviour• Access to improved sanitation in urban areasAccess to improved sanitation in urban areas• Access to improved sanitation in rural areasAccess to improved sanitation in rural areas• Target sanitation coverage rural Target sanitation coverage rural = 57%= 57%• Sanitation coverage urban Sanitation coverage urban = 80%= 80%• Public institutions with improved sanitation Public institutions with improved sanitation

facilities facilities (incl. schools, clinics, service stations)(incl. schools, clinics, service stations)• Number of Children under 5 years old Number of Children under 5 years old

reported with diarrhoea in last 2 weeksreported with diarrhoea in last 2 weeks

Strategic MapStrategic Map

• Focus on 6 Themes or Building Focus on 6 Themes or Building ComponentsComponents

• 20 objectives (or essential building 20 objectives (or essential building blocks) interdependent of each blocks) interdependent of each otherother

• A chain of cause – effect relations A chain of cause – effect relations

identified, leading to desired identified, leading to desired outcome:outcome:

F. SOCIO-ECONOMIC-ENVIRONMANTAL OUTPUTS & OUTCOMES

A. WATSAN SECTOR COORDINATION

1. Social Improvements1. Social Improvements 2. Economic Improvements2. Economic Improvements 3. Environmental Improvements3. Environmental Improvements

4. Appropriate Performance ManagementSystem & Structures in Place,

based on Proper Baselines

4. Appropriate Performance ManagementSystem & Structures in Place,

based on Proper Baselines

1. Improved Coordination amongst all Sanitation Stakeholders at Central,

Regional & Local Levels

1. Improved Coordination amongst all Sanitation Stakeholders at Central,

Regional & Local Levels2. Legislative & Regulatory Frameworks

Developed, Harmonised & Communicated

2. Legislative & Regulatory Frameworks Developed, Harmonised & Communicated

3. Developed Set of TechnicalSanitation Guidelines, incl. Options with

Standards, Application Areas & C,O,M Costs

3. Developed Set of TechnicalSanitation Guidelines, incl. Options with

Standards, Application Areas & C,O,M Costs

B. INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING

2. Sufficient & Competent Staff inPlace at Central, Regional &

Local Levels

2. Sufficient & Competent Staff inPlace at Central, Regional &

Local Levels

3. Sufficient Physical ResourcesProvided at Central, Regional &

Local Levels

3. Sufficient Physical ResourcesProvided at Central, Regional &

Local Levels

4. Sufficient Sanitation Sector Funding

4. Sufficient Sanitation Sector Funding

1. Strong Leadership Commitment & Support at Central, Regional &

Local Levels

1. Strong Leadership Commitment & Support at Central, Regional &

Local Levels

C. COMMUNITY EDUCTION & PARTICPATION IN HYGIENE & SANITATION

1. Behavioural Change through Effective & Integrated Community Awareness,

Education & Training

1. Behavioural Change through Effective & Integrated Community Awareness,

Education & Training

3. Local Practical Skills inConstruction,

Operation & Maintenance

3. Local Practical Skills inConstruction,

Operation & Maintenance

D. CONSTRUCTION OF SANITATION SYSTEMS

2. Improved SanitationCoverage

2. Improved SanitationCoverage

3. Improved Capacities, Conditions & Functioning of

Wet & Dry Sanitation Systems

3. Improved Capacities, Conditions & Functioning of

Wet & Dry Sanitation Systems

E. O & M, PERFORMANCE MGT & ENFORCEMENT

1. Efficient Operation & Mainte-nance of all Sanitation Facilities,

based on Clear Guidelines

1. Efficient Operation & Mainte-nance of all Sanitation Facilities,

based on Clear Guidelines

2. Functional Performance Management (MERRIL)

2. Functional Performance Management (MERRIL)

3. Enforcement of Standards & Regulations for Compliance

3. Enforcement of Standards & Regulations for Compliance

1. Maximum Use of Local Resources

1. Maximum Use of Local Resources

2. Effective Community Participation & Buy-In

2. Effective Community Participation & Buy-In

DWSSC

MRLGHRD

MoHSS

RC/LA

ALL

Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5

Series1 244,870 282,873 344,058 353,758 413,758

-

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000 C

osts

[000s

]

Financial years

Total Strategic Budget

  N$ [000s]   Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5

18,120 A 5,490 4,658 2,658 2,658 2,658

147,800 B 27,100 34,100 29,200 28,700 28,700

69,450 C 14,950 14,800 13,500 13,100 13,100

1,394,545 D 194,400 227,585 297,520 307,520 367,520

13,000 E 3,150 2,650 2,400 2,400 2,400

1,750 F 350 350 350 350 350

  1,644,665 TOTAL 245,440 284,143 345,628 354,728 414,728

By ThemeBy Theme

Sanitation Selection CriteriaSanitation Selection Criteria

Sanitation system depends on Sanitation system depends on factors in Namibian context:factors in Namibian context:– Environmental ConditionsEnvironmental Conditions– AffordabilityAffordability– Cultural & Social AspectsCultural & Social Aspects– Technical Appropriateness Technical Appropriateness – Income generationIncome generation

Environment

• Topography• Flood resistant• Ground water level• Soil conditions : soft soil / hard rock• Available space (density)• Number of persons using the facility

Income generation

• Re-use of effluent for irrigation• Re use of dry or compost

waste as fertiliser• Biogas production

Project Selection Criteria

Affordability

• Construction cost• O & M cost

Technical Appropriateness

• Availability of spare parts• Availability of local skills • Availability of vacuum truck to empty tanks• Availability of constant running water supply• Availability of constant power supply

Cultural Aspects

• Acceptance of :• Urine diversion system• Re use of human waste• Men/women using the same toilet

Guideline to Selection Sanitation OptionsGuideline to Selection Sanitation Options

Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector

• Capacity Development Plan for Sanitation (covering also local authorities & private sector):– Capacity Building Plan (volume 1 & 2)

– Baseline Survey Guidelines (volume 3 & 4)

– Performance Monitoring Report harmonisation of sector performance indicators Water & Sanitation (volume 5)

Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector (2)

• Capacity is ability to perform tasks and produce outputs, to define and solve problems and make informed choices.

• Capacity development is process by which organisations create and strengthen their capacity overtime– Capacity development is more than providing “training

and equipment”: structures, systems, roles; staff and facilities; skills and tools

• Support to capacity development is the inputs and processes that external actors can deliver to catalyse or support capacity development.

From “Support to Sector Programmes, July 2007, EC Guidelines no 2”

Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector (3)

F. SOCIO-ECONOMIC-ENVIRONMENTAL OUTPUTS and OUTCOMES

A. WATSAN SECTOR COORDINATION

B. INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING

C. COMMUNITY EDUCATION and PARTICIPATION IN HYGIENE AND

SANITATION

D. CONSTRUCTION OF SANITATION SYSTEMS

E. OPERATION and MAINTENANCE, PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT

and ENFORCEMENT

Inte

rna

l P

roce

sses

Pe

rspe

ctive

(Pro

cesses)

Custo

mer/

Com

mu

nity

Pe

rspe

ctive

(Outp

uts

/

Outc

om

es)

Learn

ing

and Gro

wth

Pe

rspe

ctive

(Inp

uts

/Reso

urc

es)

Fin

an

cia

l P

ers

pective

Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector (4)

Sub-Sector – Water Supply Workforce Estimate

Number of Employer Organisations

Government Ministries National 150 1 Government Depts in Regions incl. Regional Councils

1000 25

Parastals 600 1 Municipalities, Local Authorities, Village Councils, Settlements

700 90-95

Support Services – Consultants 100 20 Support Services – Contractors 250 100 Support services – Plant/Equipment

150 50

Others 50 5 Totals 3000 291-296

Sub-Sector – Sanitation Workforce Estimate

Number of Employer Organisations

Government Ministries National 25 5 Government Depts in Regions incl. Regional Councils

25 25

Municipalities, Local Authorities, Village Councils, Settlements

600

90-95

Support Services – Consultants 50 15 Support Services – Contractors 200 100 Support services – Plant/Equipment

100 50

Others 50 10 Totals 1000 295-300

“Sanitation is the uglier, less sexy issue to talk about, as opposed to water”

Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector (5)

Labour Demand:

Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector (6)

• Capacity Building Blocks

– Water Supply- Sanitation-Hygiene (WASH)– Planning Urban and Rural Development– Baseline Surveys including Environmental

Impact Assessment– Comparison and Choice of Sanitation

Technologies– Performance Monitoring– Awareness Raising and Sharing Information– Education and Training

=> Capacity Building Plan – 3 Year Programme

WASH and Sanitation

Interventions Outcomes

Improving Healththrough a

BetterEnvironment

Collective Behaviour Change

Health/HygieneAwareness and PromotionSchools and Clinics

Mobilise Community

Trigger - Unhappy about Living Environment

New Practices

Safe and Hygienic Sanitation BehaviourAppropriate choice of Infrastructure

Access to Safe Water Supplies

Improved Service Delivery

Access to Safe Sanitation Facilities

Safe Waste Confinement/Disposal

Solid and Liquid Waste Arisings

Improved Health

Empowering Women

Improved Quality of Life

Improved School Attendance and Performance

Savings in Time

Sustainable Livelihoods

Sta

ged

Develo

pm

en

t

Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector (7)

C2.1/ C2.3

Participatory approaches appropriate for Namibia to effect hygiene behaviour change

C1.3b (New)

Teacher Training Professional Qualifications and Courses - Water Supply, Total Sanitation and Hygiene enhancement

C1.3a (New)

School Curriculum for Water Supply, Total Sanitation and Hygiene

C1.1 Community Education and Participation Strategy Theme C – COMMUNITY EDUCATION AND PARTICIPATION A3.5a (New)

Standard Water Supply & Sanitation Facility Designs and Specifications for Schools

A3.4 User guide for a selection methodology of Sanitation Technology options A3.1

(Part)/ A3.3

Sanitation Technologies used in rural and urban communities in Namibia.

A3.1 (Part) Sanitation Sector Research and Development Plan

Theme A – WATSAN SECTOR COORDINATION

Initiatives in Capacity Building are interdependent:

Codes of Practice on Sanitation12 General Guidelines:

Among others Codes for:• Waste water re-use• Disposal of Waste water solids• Dry Sanitation Systems• Wet Sanitation Systems• Self built manual for VIP toilets • Re-use of Sewage Waste Products• Etc.

THANK YOU for ATTENTION!