republic of azerbaijan azerbaijan ......29,000 2. existing situation water supply there are no water...

REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN

AZERBAIJAN AMELIORATION AND WATER FARM

JOİNT STOCK COMPANY

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT

FOR WATER SUPPLY AND WASTEWATER SYSTEM

INVESTMENTS FOR 4 RAYONS

(AGSU, ISMAYILLI, SIYAZAN AND SHABRAN)

WITHIN SECOND NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY AND

SANITATION PROJECT

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

SHABRAN RAYON

EPTISA Servicios de Ingenieria, S.L

Hydrometeorology Consulting Company

Baku- November 2010

E1781 V5 P

ublic

Dis

clos

ure

Aut

horiz

edP

ublic

Dis

clos

ure

Aut

horiz

edP

ublic

Dis

clos

ure

Aut

horiz

edP

ublic

Dis

clos

ure

Aut

horiz

ed

2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABREVIATIONS ...........................................................................................................................................4

EXECUTİVE SUMMARY… ……………………………………………………………….……………..5

1.0 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………….…………...32

1.1 Context of the EIA ………………………………………………………………………….32

1.2 Purpose of the EIA ………………………………………………….………………............34

1.3 Methodology ………………………………………………………………………………..35

2.0 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK………...……………………36

2.1 Policy Framework ………………………………………………………………………….36

2.2 Legal Framework …………………………………………………………………………...40

2.3 Administrative Framework …………………………………………………………………41

3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ……………………………………………………………………….45

3.1 Problem Statement…………………………………………………………………………..45

3.2 Project Identification ………………………………………………………………………..49

3.3 Map of project area and the location of project infrastructure to be included………............60

3.4. Legal and Institutional Strengthening……………………………………………………….62

4.0 BASELINE DATA ……………………………………….…………………………….………….64

4.1 Bio-Physical Description of Project Area ……………………………………….………….64

4.2 Socio-Economic Description of the Project Area ……………………………….………….72

4.3 Projected Changes In Project Area…………………………………….……………………76

4.4 Data Reliability …………………………………………………………….……………….77

5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ………………………………………………………..……….78

5.1 Environmental Issues…………………………………………………………….……….…78

5.2 Potential Positive Project Impacts ……………………………………………………….…79

5.3 Potential Negative Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures …………………….………..79

5.4 Data Evaluation ……………………………………………………………………….…….91

6.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES …………………………………...…………………………92

6.1 No Project Scenario ………………………………………...................................................92

6.2 Water Supply System improvement only …………………..................................................93

6.3 Water Supply and Waste Water Management System improvement ………………………95

7.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION………….……………………..………………………………….97

8.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ……….…….………………….……….……105

8.1 Application of Mitigation Measures ………………………………………….…….…….113

8.2 Monitoring ………………………………………………………………………..….……123

8.3 Capacity assessment for the Environmental management of the Project ………………...128

List of references……………………………………………………………………………129

ANNEXES…………..……………………………………………………………………………….…… 130

ANNEX I. Project Area in Shabran region

ANNEX II. Proposed WS option

3

Annex III. Proposed Sewage System option

ANNEX IV. Proposed alternative Sewage System option

ANNEX V. Proposed water distribution system

ANNEX VI. Drinking water quality requirements and standards

ANNEX VII. Water quality analysis results of Shabran

ANNEX VIII . Characteristics of surface water intended for the abstraction of drinking water

ANNEX IX Treated waste water and sludge requirements

ANNEX X. Summary report of consultation meetings with key stakeholders

ANNEX XI. Public meeting on discussion of EİA report

4

ACRONYMS and ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank

AZERSU Azersu Joint Stock Company

AZN AZN Azeri New Manats

AWMC Azerbaijan Amelioration and Water Management Open Joint Stock Company

FS Feasibility Study

HH Household

IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (The World Bank)

IT Information Technology

IDA International Development Association

IDP Institutional Development Plan

masl Meters above sea level

MENR Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources

mm Millimeters

MoH Ministry of Health

O&M Operation and Maintenance

P.A. Per Annum

PIU Project Implementation Unit

Project Second National Water Supply and Sanitation Project - Feasibility Study for 16

Rayons in Azerbaijan

SNWSSP Second National Water Supply and Sanitation Project

SSC State Statistics Committee

TOR Terms of References

UN United Nations

VAT Value Added Tax

WB World Bank

WHO World Health Organization

WSS Water supply and sanitation

WW Wastewater

WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant

5

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. GENERAL

The Azerbaijan Second National Water Supply and Sanitation (SNWSS2) Project is financed by the

Government of Azerbaijan and World Bank. The employer for the project is Azerbaijan Amelioration and

Water Farm Open Joint Stock Company (OJSC) .

Gauff and Temelsu JV Int. Eng. Ser. Inc. Joint Venture is contracted to prepare Feasibility Studies of Water

Supply and Wastewater Investments in 16 Rayons.

The first phase of the project includes Aghsu, Ismayilli, Shabran and Siyezen rayons. This feasibility report

has been concentrated on Shabran (Devechi) region water and sanitation investments proposed to be financed

under the noted project..

Eptisa (Spain) in association with Hydrometeorology Consulting Company (Azerbaijan) is contracted to

prepare the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the proposed project to assess the environmental and

social impacts of project and to identify the mitigation measures both during construction and operation. This

EIA study provides recommendations on mitigation measures and proposes an environmental management

plan including mitigation measures and proper monitoring actions to reduce and prevent impacts form the

proposed civil works.

Shabran is located in the north-east of the Great Caucasus. In the east it is bounded by the Caspian Sea. Total

area of the rayon is 1088 sq km. The rayon comprises 68 villages. There are 22,533 (year 2009) people living

in Shabran town, the administrative center of the rayon.

The project service area for water supply will include the Sincanboyat and Surra villages.The wastewater

from Surra Village is taught to be collected as well as refugee camp located at the northeast of Shabran rayon

center. Estimated population to be connected figures for water supply and sewerage collection is

28,100(covering almost all population of the project area) and for sewerage and wastewater treatment is

29,000

2. EXISTING SITUATION

Water Supply

There are no water sources in Shabran or in the nearby area. The population of the rayon and the some nearby

villages is supplied from Baku Water Pipe I and II. No meters are present at key water collection points.

Records obtained form the local Birleshmish Sukanal Authority indicate that the amount of water consumed

in overall Shabran Rayon is estimated be3,5 million m3/year.

Water is supplied by gravity and pumped to the distribution network. Overall, the drinking water service in

the rayon of the Shabran is characterized as unsound and unable to satisfactorily fulfill the basic utility

mandate of community service. The consumed water is disinfected inconsistently. The service area of the

“urban centre” water supply system, the focus of this evaluation, encompasses about 14,400 person or 67.3

percent of the town of Shabran. The construction of the water distribution network has been started in 1985

and ended in 1995. The main pipe material is steel. The total length of existing supply and distribution lines

6

is around 87,5 km. Only 20% of the existing pipes are less than 10 years old. Significant amount of water

leakage has been observed from pumps, valves and pumping station manifolds during site visits.

Maintenance and repair activities do not include periodic preventive maintenance, but emergency actions.

Some emergency actions are being undertaken in relevant situations..

Existing water resources would meet current demand with proper design, maintenance and management of

the pipe network (to reduce leakages, maintain pressure levels and control customer usage). However, these

resources are squandered. Laboratory tests made during the project preparation shows compliance of

drinking water with GOST 2874-82 -“potable water” standards, except for bacteriological standards.

There are two main and one small water reservoir exist in the Shabran rayon center. Volumes of the bigger

ones are 1,500 and 200 m3 whereas the small one has a volume of 10 m

3 and is located at the central pumping

station. The biggest water reservoir has been constructed without consideration of the pressure requirements

according to the location and elevation conditions of the Shabran rayon center.

Wastewater System:

Wastewater is mainly collected in simple wells (shambo) owned by consumers. Untreated wastewater is

collected via canals and underground drainage to non-official areas. No part of the rayon is served by an

official community sewerage system. The primary sources of wastewater are the residential population and

commercial activities In most areas no a sewer network exists, so that wastewater is mostly disposed either in

ditches along the roads or in pits within the properties. The discharge of sewage around the houses -

especially during summer – has led to concerns on children’s health. According to health statistics of

Shabran Rayon between 2000 and 2009, the most common water borne disease is viral hepatitis. Its

occurrence averages is app. 5.8 in a year. Acute intestinal infections, dysentery and salmonellas follow viral

hepatitis with 3.9, 1.4 and 0.5 occurrences in a year respectively. Water source diseases are thought to be

decreased in time with the upgrade of infrastructure facilities in the rayon.

Currently a sewerage collection system is under the construction within the Shabran rayon center which is

expected to be completed in year 2010.

When replacing of existing asbestos cement requirements by WB ( See section 8) will be followed

according to the environmental management plan.

There is no central wastewater treatment plant. Houses are equipped with cesspits to which the wastewater is

discharged. The sludge collected in the pits is regularly removed by suction trucks and illegally discharged to

the surrounding area.

7

3. PROBLEMS

Water has been supplied intermittently, and a water supply system has not been provided for half of

population. The hygienic conditions within the houses are poor due to unsupplied drinking water. Some

families pay for water supplied by truck. Most of the houses don’t have a water metering device therefore

their payment has been decided by an inspector of Local Birleshmish Su Kanal Authority. A large amount of

water leakage was observed at the pump stations of water system. Physical and administrative losses sum up

to estimated loss rates of more than 70%.

Untreated wastewater discharged to the small canals and wastewater seeping from the septic tanks to ground

result in groundwater contamination, odor and hygienic problems in Shabran rayon center. in addition,

ground water resources which are partly used by the consumers in Shabran Rayon center are contaminated

with the wastewater leaking from the septic tanks and reaching to the aquifers. The sewerage system under

construction is not designed well to make house connections efficiently

Also unhealthy situation of the existing wastewater treatment plant imposes health and safety conditions of

the people living around it.

In general existing problems are depletion of existing water supply and sanitation (WSS) assets due to lack

of sustainable investments and insufficient capacities for Operation and Maintenance (O&M), little

appreciation of public infrastructure sector and its organizations due to bad quality and service – consumers

implement their individual solutions without a general concept, limited budgets, low awareness of hygienic

interrelations of water supply, wastewater disposal and livestock farming cause high rates of water borne

diseases and major WSS supply lines and other facilities often affected by landslides and earthquakes.

In particular in the Water Supply system there is lack of mechanism for application of legislation to water

withdrawal from Water Transmission Pipelines, no sound legal protection of future investments, limited

number and capacity of water supply pumps and reservoirs – no extension according to growth of population

and industry, damages caused by great age, low material quality and insufficient installation depth of pipes

lead to high losses within the water distribution network. Interrupted water supply and temporarily empty

pipes cause bad water quality at house connections (bacteria, sediments, rust etc). There are hygienic

problems by private water storage tanks. New water supply lines/areas were implemented on the standards of

the old systems i.e. regular steel pipes and manually operated pumps and valves Manual operation of the

water distribution system – no automation and control. Preference of gravity flow systems and bad reputation

of pumps – as high manual effort and energy cost necessary to operate the existing old pumps.

Wastewater

Wastewater collection, treatment and discharge is considered to be of minor importance compared to water

supply facilities – it is low priority and receives no investment since 1990. Damages of existing sewers

results in irregular wastewater flows at the surface . There are too few shafts causing very limited access to

8

existing sewer network, no equipment for maintenance and repair – no chance for troubleshooting. Sewerage

disposal in unlined pits leads to pollution of ground and surface water – as private wells are also used for

water supply this constitutes a serious health risk. Sludge disposal from pits and septic tanks is done illegally

outside the municipal area

Socio-Economic Situation is characterised by the low connection rate to public water supply network

(estimated at 50-70%) – many people are used to living with little water as they must carry it for a longer

distance or buy it from tank trucks. Bathrooms not common in the Rayon towns – improvement requires

modification or extension of the houses and will depend on economic possibilities of the owners. Toilets

mostly outdoor using open pits without flushing – future connection to a new sewer system will depend on

personal interest and require private investments. Popular cohabitation with livestock within the urban

settlement without sufficient disposal of excrements.

Institutional Situation is characterised by the low level of support for Local Sukanal (water agency)

Departments by central organizations and institutions, and very limited provision of know how, equipment,

vehicles etc. from central departments, institutional complexity and dependency on central organizations and

institutions inhibits solutions and investments on Rayon level. National Water Supply Tariffs are not cost-

effective to cover necessary investments – for better water quality and 24 hour supply the majority of

consumers need to agree to higher rates. The current tariff rates apply to a normative demand which is much

higher than actual. Value and qualification of Rayon Sukanal staff are affected by the need of manual

handling and trouble shooting. They are not in line with future O&M requirements. Scepticism of villages

concerning incorporation by the cities and/or integration by larger WSS organizations – disadvantages due to

limited independence and priority of the city. The management structure and skills of Sukanals are poorly

aligned for operating as a service industry.

There is an immediate need to address these issues through development and implementation of an efficient

and effective WSS system that is affordable to local communities and which meets the needs of the range of

stakeholders that it must serve.

4. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The Government of Azerbaijan planned the implementation of National Water Supply and Sanitation Project

with the financial assistance of World Bank since 2007. The second phase of the same project has been

approved on date 27 May 2008 as Second National Water Supply and Sanitation Project (SNWSSP). The

implementing agency of this second phase project is Azerbaijan Amelioration and Water Management Open

Stock Company AWMC.

The general objective of this Project is to improve the availability, quality, reliability, and sustainability of

water supply and sanitation (WSS) services in 16 of Azerbaijan's regional (rayon) centers. Better

infrastructure services of the secondary towns and cities shall be implemented to improve living conditions,

reduce poverty and support local economic growth.

9

Gauff and Temelsu JV consortium is contracted to prepare Feasibility Studies of Water Supply and

Wastewater Investments in 16 Rayons, one of which is Shabran Rayon. The contract for this work entered

into force on 16th March 2010 with a mobilization period: 30 days. Official Project Commencement date is

the 5th of April 2010 and scheduled completion date is 5th of April 2011. The project is intended to provide

better infrastructure services of the secondary towns and cities in order to improve living conditions, reduce

poverty and support local economic growth.

The Project contains 3 components:

A1: Rayon Investment component, which will finance priority investments in the WSS sector, such as

the rehabilitation and extension of WSS systems, including facilities for wastewater and septic sludge

treatment in rayon centers across Azerbaijan;

B1: Institutional Modernization component which will support development and implementation of an

Institutional Development Plan (IDP) for Azersu and its subsidiary companies and State Amelioration

and Water Management Agency (SAWMA), to improve the operational efficiency and sustainability

of WSS services;

C1: Project Implementation and Management component, which will support project implementation

by financing project management activities including Incremental Operating Costs due to the project,

training, and annual audits of the project and entity accounts and financial statements.

As Part of the Second National Water Supply and Sanitation Project (WSS) within the A1 project

component, consulting services are required to study the existing conditions and to identify feasible water

supply and wastewater investments in 16 Rayons, including Shabran. Gauff and Temelsu JV has assessed the

technical feasibility of proposed project measures and financial feasibility for each area based on cost

estimations of proposed measures. In the project documentation it is indicated that the primary objective of

the project is to improve the health and livelihoods of the urban communities through the provision of safe,

potable water quality and adequate water supply and sanitation.

The Project aims to achieve its objectives through:

Implementation of a new, efficient and appropriately sized water and sanitation infrastructure by

rehabilitation of existing facilities and construction of new ones where this is necessary.

Determination of the operational bottlenecks of the water and sanitation system and development of

project proposals to improve efficiency

Strengthening of local know how and capacity to deliver and maintain these services

Developing a sense of local ownership through community participation

10

The water source for the proposed project in Shabran rayon is the Baku Water Transmission Line. As

indicated above, laboratory water tests, samples complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking water

quality standards as well as EU, WHO and EPA criteria.”.

In the proposed water supply system there would be 2 pumping stations and 4 reservoirs. 3 of the reservoirs

are service reservoirs with 1,000 m3, 2,000 m

3 and 700 m

3 capacities. The fourth reservoir is a collection

reservoir with 100 m3 capacity near Pumping Station 1. PS1 feeds the reservoir with 2,000 m

3 capacity,

while PS2 feeds the reservoir with 800 m3 capacity. The water supply pipes will be renewed with PE pipes

within the scope of the Project and water will be supplied 24 hours.

Within the scope of the Project, polyethylene corrugated pipes will be laid to create a wastewater network

and a new Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) will be constructed approximately 2 km away from the

town center. The land belongs to the Municipality.

General characteristics of the WTTP are the Population Equivalent: 29,000 person (2030), Daily Flow: 4,963

m3/d. Dry Weather Peak Flow: 100.07l/s, Rainy Weather Peak Flow: 141.73 l/s

The WWTP will comprise: Screens and Inlet Pumping Station, Aerated Grit Chamber, Flow Measurement,

Primary Sedimentation Tanks, Activated Sludge Tanks, Final Sedimentation Tanks, Return Sludge and

Excess Sludge Pumping Station, Gravity Thickeners, and Sludge Drying Beds

Treated wastewater will be discharged to the drainage trench near the plant, which connects to Caspian Sea.

Water borne diseases are expected to decrease in time with the upgrade of infrastructure facilities in the

rayon.

Expected project benefits in the project area are the prevention of the ground and surface water pollution,

protection of the public health, prevention of wasting of water resources and energy and prevention of the

soil pollution and supply of free fertilizers (i.e. sludge of proper quality from the WWTP) to farmers

5. INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS

In Azerbaijan the following organizations are engaged in questions of water resources

management:

The Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources;

Amelioration and Water Farm JSC

Azersu JSC

Ministry of Health with the Center on Epidemiology and Hygiene

Responsibilities of above agencies are described in the Chapter 2 of the main text.

11

6. EIA PROCESS

Eptisa (Spain) in association with Hydrometeorology Consulting Company (Azerbaijan) is contracted to

prepare the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the proposed project to: (i) assess the environmental

and social impacts of project, (ii) identify the mitigation measures both during construction and post

development and (iii) prepare an environmental management and monitoring plan..

The issues covered by the EIA study are focusing on the most important environmental and social impacts

of the project, and especially to raise concerns of the impacted households . The EIA also identifies which of

the project activities has a potential to interact with the environment in the specific context of the natural,

regulatory (i.e. legal) and socio-economic environments in which these activities will occur.

Scoping was conducted early in the EIA process so that a focus on the priority issues (i.e. those that have the

greatest potential to affect the natural and/or socio-economic environment) could be established for the rest

of the EIA process. Scoping also helped identify gaps in the environmental, socio-economic and engineering

information that need to be addressed so that an informed impact assessment can be completed.

Different categories of issues, as identified below, were considered in the EIA. The potential beneficial and

adverse effects in each category were identified based on literature review, onsite data collection and

surveying, intensive investigations by individual experts through field surveys and site specific

investigations.

The following categories of impacts were considered:

1) Natural plants Flora and their habitat impacts were investigated using available technical reports and

through field survey.

2) Natural animal, birds Fauna and their habitat were investigated using available technical reports and


3) Surface and groundwater data were obtained from available reports and were used to map surface and

groundwater existence. Later these data were used to assess the hydrogeology and surface water

catchments.

4)Agricultural impacts were investigated by looking at the agricultural values, gathering crop and soil

types, and through field survey.

5) Air quality impacts were based on generalized regional level data combined with growth forecasts. In

addition, acoustic impacts (noise and vibration) were investigated.

6) Socio-economic impacts (living and employment conditions) were investigated using available data and

the data of the of State Statistical Committee.

7) Municipal services and utilities impacts (water supply, sewerage system, solid waste collection and

disposal, electricity, telecommunication, etc.) were investigated using existing information and the

Region Master Plan. Site visits enhanced these investigations.

12

8) Health and safety measures have been investigated and identified as being in accordance with the

national requirements and international Safety Guidelines

9) Further impacts and assessments were investigated through field survey and site visits.

In this section, identified Project components and project-related issues associated with those components

have been integrated to identify the extent to which the project may impact the natural and social

environmental components and the significance of those impacts has been assessed on national, community

and local scales. For assessment of what level of significance to assign to an environmental component and/

or the potential impact of a project on an environmental component an objective methodology is required to

permit assessment of the potential significance of environmental issues.

In the evaluation process a semi-quantitative analysis has been undertaken, to summarize “Valued

environmental components” (VEC’s) according to whether they are “high”, “medium” or “low”. Valued

environmental components that are valued as “high” are those that are broadly important across society.

VEC’s that are ranked as “medium” are those that are important at a community level, but are of limited

significance at a wider level. VEC’s that are ranked as “low” are significant at a localized level. All these

issues have been taken into consideration during development of mitigation measures and Environment

Management Plans.

7. ALTERNATIVES

Following alternatives have been considered during the EIA process:

-No Project Scenario

-Water Supply System improvement only

Water Supply and Waste Water Management System improvement

Project FS Consultant clearly described the situation in the Feasibility Study document according to all the

above sceneries. For each component of the project some alternatives also have been looked through. For the

water supply of Shabran rayon center there are two alternatives: (i) water supply from Baku II water

transmission line; and (ii) to supply water from the Tahtakorpu Dam. The first alternative includes two

pumping stations and three reservoirs. In the second alternative, one Drinking Water Treatment Plant and a

small reservoir need to be constructed additionally to the reservoirs. Whereas the pumps of the first

alternative will be replaced with a pump located at a place nearby the Drinking Water Treatment Plant of

second alternative. In second alternative lesser power is required form pumps(because of elevation), nut in

sum together with the cost of WTP it becomes more expensive that the use of first variant. In addition there

are some uncertainties when the second variant can start. There are no main technical alternatives for

reconstruction of water distribution network except the sub-alternatives like the type of pipe material.

The sewerage collected at North West edge of Shabran presents two technical alternatives in order to transfer

the collected wastewater into the treatment plant. The first one is to construct a gravity line with a total

length of 4,5 km. The second one is to construct a pumping station and pump the sewage collected in that

area to a higher elevation spot in the sewerage network with a pipe line of having length 1,7 km. The

13

wastewater treatment plant option has been evaluated from the point of economy and operability of process

alternatives. The extended aeration process with sludge drying beds is selected by Gauff and Temelsu JV.

Information on existing alternatives and recommended variants is given in section 6

8. PUBLIC CONSULTATION

This activity is aimed at informing identified stakeholders and other interested parties concerning the project

and gathering perspectives from them. Public consultation presents stakeholders with the opportunity to

voice both their positive opinions and their concerns and to enable these issues to be addressed in the EIA

and incorporated into the project design.

A round table meeting was held on 07 June, 2010 and hosted by the Executive Power of Shabran region.

Representatives of different agencies, Amelioration JSC, Azersu , MoE and NGOs attended and their

concerns were also reported. The meeting was solely dedicated for defining the scope of the EIA..

Workshop was organized on October 22 2010 in the meeting venue provided by the Shabran Rayon

Executive Power to discuss developed EIA for the proposed WSS projects. It was advertised 15 days before

this date and also many of stakeholders have been invited by the Rayon Executive Power beforehand to

attend it.

The representative of EPTİSA lead consortium provided the general information about the Project to

participants and answered asked questions. Main discussions where about proposals of Project Alternatives,

Proposal Water sources , Environment Impact Assessment, Scheduled Activities for Environment

Management Plan, Proposed Mitigation Measures.

The Presented findings were been actively discussed. Discussions topics were related to water supply,

location of waste water treatment plant, sewer canals, project schedule and employment of local people in

project construction work.

The environmental consultant of the PIU informed that provided proposals will be considered in the EIA.

Audience was informed that proposals related to above issues has been incorporated into EIA and will be

taken into account by the detailed design of the project.

9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Measures for mitigating possible negative environmental impacts are directed at minimizing possible

negative environmental and social-economic impacts during the construction and utilization phases of the

project. These measures will be carried out by the construction company during the construction phase of the

WSS project and by the local Water Canal Company during utilization phase.

The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) outlines the management mechanisms (i.e. working

arrangements) for how the environmental and social elements of the project should be managed from

detailed design and construction through operation.

The EMP is aimed at reduction to minimum level of any potentially negative environmental impacts during

construction and operation. It requires that all aspects of the works comply with the relevant legislation and

norms., and that measures to mitigate impacts identified in the EIA are implemented, and that environmental

monitoring and emergency measures are carried out during the construction works on the site. Within the

14

EMP required environmental controls and monitoring procedures are considered during construction and

after the work is completed. The Contractor is responsible for the implementation of these mitigation

measures and emergency measures during construction.

There are several mechanisms of ensuring delivery during construction of both general and site specific

mitigation developed through in the EIAs. One mechanism involves requiring the Contractor to further

develop the outline requirements of the in an EMP by designing individual Management Plans, for, project

activities that include such as oil and fuel storage, waste management, traffic management and pollution

prevention.

A tabulated summary of the environmental management is presented below.

There is an initial environmental assessment for the Category A typed project in the prepared project

Feasibility Study Document, where the “Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist” was filled for both

sewerage and water supply systems. This checklist summarizes the existing project area in Shabran and

potential environmental impacts, which the project may cause. According to the checklist some issues of

impact can take place in the project implementation. These issues then in the EIA process have been

compared with the “Valued Environmental Components and Potential Negative Effects” (Chapter 5.1)

and then relevant mitigation measures have been identified accordingly.

10. APPLICATION OF MITIGATION MEASURES

The Potential main impacts and mitigation measures to reduce these impacts at the construction and

operation stages are summarized in the following table. The table includes It is based on recommendations

of the Feasibility Study document, together with additional measures that are considered necessary as a

result of the EIA process. which was added with necessary additional measures in the EIA process and

presented below

15

Potential Main Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

STAGES

ECOLOGI-

CAL SOCIAL

OR ENVIRON-

MENTAL

COMPONENT

POTENTIAL

IMPACTS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES

ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

Construc-

tion stage

Air quality

Dust, gases/aerosol

associated with

construction (toxic gasses

discharged by

construction machineries,

wind blown construction

materials etc.)

Dust prevention by watering and other

means;

Transportation of grainy or dusty materials in

the top-coated trucks;

Watering of dust sources;

Transportation of dust producing materials

during calm days (not in the windy days);

Avoid making open fires;

Avoid setting fire on residue grease, isolation

materials, and other substances;

Efficient use of machinery and other

technologies;

Application of adequate construction

methodologies and facilities;

Careful implementation of works in

vulnerable areas.

Provision of water: $10,000

No cost for other measures

provided they are integrated

into normal operating

procedures

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Earth

Waste pollution,

especially wastes caused

by construction and

domestic activities;

Material storage, civil

works and other impacts;

Landfill of wastes and

other materials;

Impacts of excavation

works;

Possibility of erosion;

Wastewater.

Protection of the surroundings of the

construction site;

Limited works in the vulnerable zones;

Identify adequate areas to store residue

materials, and transportation of all

construction related effluent materials into

the predetermined site;

Control of erosion process;

Provide earth stabilization/green cover over

vertical points and slopes to minimize land

slide risks;

Prevent discharge of excavated material to

the river beds or lakes;

Provision of materials and

cover to prevent landslide

risks: $10,000

Traffic management

signage: $5,000




procedures

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

16

STAGES

ECOLOGI-

CAL SOCIAL

OR ENVIRON-

MENTAL

COMPONENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

Avoid unwanted traffic blockage, collect

excavated spoil material and discharge

somewhere close to the construction site;

Discharge wastewater flows to the closest

sewage line, installation of toilets and septic

tanks.

Topsoil

Damage to the topsoil

resulting from material

storage, excavation

works, temporary roads

etc.

Loss of topsoil during

excavation;

Flushing of topsoil and

soil erosion due to

polluted water streams;

Adequate design works and selection of

proper route to minimize impact on the

topsoil;

Usage of excavated soil material for the

agriculture purposes;

Cut, store and restore topsoil where possible

after the completion of the construction

works;

Discharge of materials to the predetermined

areas by secondary routs;

Measures against land slides

Storage of toxic materials and effluents in the

safe and predetermined areas, its provision

with drainage waters, and processing where

necessary;

Standards applied, including soil erosion

prevention by good soil practice and

drainage control. Good soil conservation

measures and effective reins to prevent

future erosion and soil loss.

Proper storage of toxic

materials/effluents: $12,500

Measures against landslides

addressed above




procedures.

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

17

STAGES

ECOLOGI-

CAL SOCIAL

OR ENVIRON-

MENTAL

COMPONENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

Water

resources and

waste waters

Pollution of surface and

groundwater sources due

to domestic and

construction effluents,

including harmful

residues, leakage of fuel

and other oil related

products;

Blockage of surface and

groundwater filtration

and creation of stagnant

water accumulations.

Water scarcity problems

in low flow periods of the

year cre in low flow

periods of the year

connected with project

and increase of water

supply problem for other

users which use the same

sources

Avoid discharge of harmful chemical

substances into sewage lines or ground

surface;

Design and operation of natural drainage and

consideration for alternative directions;



tanks.

Required standards applied, including safe

removal of wastewater during renovation

works, use of appropriate equipment by

workers and ongoing liaison with residents

and fencing off contaminated areas.

No cost for identified

measures provided they are

integrated into normal

operating procedures

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Constructi

on stage Noise

Disturbance due to noise

generated from

construction works and

intensive traffic

Use of adequate construction materials and

equipment;

Adherence to predetermined work schedule

to minimize disturbance and implementation

of noise generating works during normal

work hours;

Minimum use of noise generating equipment

(example, stone cutters, compressors);

Minimize traffic during dark hours, and use

of silencers.





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

18

STAGES

ECOLOGI-

CAL SOCIAL

OR ENVIRON-

MENTAL

COMPONENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

Natural

habitat

Disturbance of the natural

habitat due to

construction related

noise, dust, non-seasonal

works, unprocessed

residues and etc.

Loss of natural settlement

areas due to construction

works.

Adequate storage, processing or liquidation

of wastes;

Application of relevant construction and

seasonal work methodologies;

Protection of vulnerable areas located close

to the construction site.





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Flora and

fauna

Earthworks, operation of

machines, noise and etc.;

Losses or degradations

during and after

construction works, non-

seasonal works, change

of ecological situation

etc.


of wastes;


to the construction site;

Application of seasonal work methodologies

where necessary.

Storage, processing,

liquidation of wastes

addressed above




procedures.

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Constructi

on stage

Aesthetics and

landscape

Impact of works on

landscape and

disturbance to natural

sights, greenness and

trees;

Noise, dust, residue and

etc. during and after

construction.

Careful design and location of works;

Restoration of damaged trees, protection

lines and etc.;

Planting of greenery in the construction site,

careful implementation of works in the work

sites, and management of wastes.

Restoration/planting of

greenery: $50,000

No cost for remaining



operating procedures.

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Agriculture

Damage to agricultural

lands, including drainage

and irrigation

Liaise effectively with relevant organizations

and residents before start of construction,

maintain dialogue, develop a grievance



Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

19

STAGES

ECOLOGI-

CAL SOCIAL

OR ENVIRON-

MENTAL

COMPONENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

infrastructure. procedure, strictly control machinery and

vehicle access and reinstate all affected areas



JSC

Livestock

Livestock resources

damaged by machinery

and vehicles.

Liaise effectively with farmers and residents

before start of construction, maintain

dialogue, develop a grievance procedure,

strictly control machinery and vehicle access

and reinstate all affected areas





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Health and

safety of

residents and

workers

Health risks from

unprocessed wastes;

Use of harmful

substances (paints with

heavy metal, lead

compositions), asbestos-

cement slabs,

inflammable and toxic

materials etc.).

Planning of measures dealing with security

and environmental protection issues;

Adherence to project standards, good

signage, ongoing consultation with residents,

including schools. All workers to use

appropriate PPE and be trained at project

induction. Safety fencing provided.

Organization and implementation of security

and safety related trainings; Requirements of

y WB will be followed(Chapter 8) when

replacing the asbestos-cement pipes.

Management of materials in accordance with

the relevant ecological and sanitary-hygiene

norms;

Identification of dangerous sites, proper

storage/liquidation of waste materials.

Trainings: $25,000





Construction of warehouse

for temporal stirage of

hazardpus wastes: $50,000

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Areas of

historical and

cultural value

Damage to areas of

historical and cultural

value located in the

project area

There are no areas of historic/cultural value

to be affected by project. But if it appears

relevant measures need to be taken

Staff awareness;

Inform adequate organizations in case of

archeological findings;

Temporary termination of works.





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

20

STAGES

ECOLOGI-

CAL SOCIAL

OR ENVIRON-

MENTAL

COMPONENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

Resettlement

Land

acquisition]

Loss of property, land

and damage to living

areas of population

There no need for resettlement. For areas where lands used for agricultural

crop production relevant plans need to be

prepared, which includes provision of

replacement lands or compensation for lost

access to plots of arable land and lost fruit or

nut trees.

Costs for resettlement (if

any) to be negotiated by

project owner in accordance

with relevant legislation,

contractual agreement or

other documents.

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Operations

stage

(potable

water

systems)

Risks to

human health

and

environment

Quality of treated water Operation supervision of treatment facilities

in due accordance with the operation

guidelines;

Quality control of water flows entering the

system;

Avoid pollution of treated waters with the

wastewater flows;

Avoid over-chlorination of water flows

supplied to the consumers.





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Breakages and

emergency situations

There is need to develop scheduled

preventative maintenance

Training of staff on safety and human

security issues;

Measures to avoid leakage of chlorine gas.

Training cost identified

below





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Social-

economical

Reduction of treated

water quantities

Prevent illegal connections to the system;

Proper operation of the system including

water treatment, pipelines, connection lines

and etc.

Ensure an affordable tariff structure and

proper collection of fees.




operating procedure

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Quality of wastewater

and its impacts on human

Constant monitoring of wastewater flows

coming out of the wastewater treatment

Monitoring of downstream

environmental quality:

Contractor

Supervisor/

21

STAGES

ECOLOGI-

CAL SOCIAL

OR ENVIRON-

MENTAL

COMPONENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

Operations

stage

(sewage

and

wastewater

)

Risks to

human health

and

environmental

impacts

health and environment

plant;

Discharge of wastewater into the

environment only after adequate treatment;

Training of operation staff for their

qualification raising;

Monitoring of downstream habitats to

evaluate the extent to which they return to

their previously unpolluted state.

$12,500 one time every 2

years for 20 years





Amelioration

JSC

Quality of sediments in

the treatment structures

(sludge), risks due to

agricultural consumption

of these wastes.

Adequate processing of sludge;

Monitoring of nematodes, coliforms and

heavy metals in the composition of output

sludge;

Transportation of sludge in the closed

containers;


qualification raising.

Training In application of sludge, and

monitoring of sludge application

Monitoring of sludge

quality: $10,000/year

Transportation of sludge

$10,000/year


below

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Smell generations in the

wastewater treatment

structure;

Planning and management of smell

mitigation;

Tight shutting of smell producing equipment

and containers.

Odour masking agents: $US

5,000/year





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Safe storage of

hazardous and

non-hazardous

wastes

Risks to human health Use of authorised sites for non-hazardous

waste disposal; support and arrangements for

setting facilities for hazardous waste safe

storage

Training: $25,000 in first

year; $5,000/year in each

following year



Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

22

STAGES

ECOLOGI-

CAL SOCIAL

OR ENVIRON-

MENTAL

COMPONENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring



Human health

Risks to health of

residents and workers and

to the environment


security issues;

Training of staff on sanitary and hygiene

rules to prevent infections from wastewater

discharges and sludge residues;

Provide staff with adequate protection

uniforms and facilities;

Measures to prevent emergency situations

such as leakage of chlorine gas.

Monitoring of drinking water and wastewater

quality

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Note: All mitigation measures identified in this Table should be specified in all contracts for construction and operation of the project, and should also be

including in all manuals or operating procedures that are developed. Based on above measures in total around 200000 USD need to be allocated to implement main

mitigation measures.

23

Table. Potential Main Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

STAG

ES

ECOLO

GICAL

COMPO

NENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

Constr

uction

stage

Air

quality

Dust, gases/aerosol

associated with

construction (toxic

gasses discharged by

construction

machineries, wind

blown construction

materials etc.)

Dust prevention by watering and other means;

Transportation of grainy or dusty materials in the

top-coated trucks;


Transportation of dust producing materials during

calm days (not in the windy days);


Avoid setting fire on residue grease, isolation

materials, and other substances;

Efficient use of machinery and other technologies;



Careful implementation of works in vulnerable

areas.



provided they are integrated into

normal operating procedures

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Earth

Waste pollution,

especially wastes

caused by

construction and



works and other

impacts;

Landfill of wastes

and other materials;


works;


Wastewater.

Protection of the surroundings of the construction

site;


Identify adequate areas to store residue materials,

and transportation of all construction related

effluent materials into the predetermined site;



vertical points and slopes to minimize land slide

risks;

Prevent discharge of excavated material to the river

beds or lakes;

Avoid unwanted traffic blockage, collect excavated

spoil material and discharge somewhere close to

the construction site;

Discharge wastewater flows to the closest sewage

line, installation of toilets and septic tanks.

Provision of materials and cover

to prevent landslide risks:

$10,000

Traffic management signage:

$5,000




Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

24

STAG

ES

ECOLO

GICAL

COMPO

NENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

Topsoil


resulting from

material storage,

excavation works,

temporary roads etc.


excavation;

Flushing of topsoil

and soil erosion due

to polluted water

streams;

Adequate design works and selection of proper

route to minimize impact on the topsoil;

Usage of excavated soil material for the agriculture

purposes;

Cut, store and restore topsoil where possible after

the completion of the construction works;

Discharge of materials to the predetermined areas

by secondary routs;


Storage of toxic materials and effluents in the safe

and predetermined areas, its provision with

drainage waters, and processing where necessary;


prevention by good soil practice and drainage

control. Good soil conservation measures and

effective reins to prevent future erosion and soil

loss.




addressed above



normal operating procedures.

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Water

resources

and waste

waters

Pollution of surface

and groundwater

sources due to

domestic and

construction

effluents, including

harmful residues,

leakage of fuel and

other oil related

products;

Blockage of surface

and groundwater

filtration and creation

of stagnant water

accumulations.

Avoid discharge of harmful chemical substances

into sewage lines or ground surface;

Design and operation of natural drainage and

consideration for alternative directions;

Discharge wastewater flows to the closest sewage

line, installation of toilets and septic tanks.


removal of wastewater during renovation works,

use of appropriate equipment by workers and

ongoing liaison with residents and fencing off

contaminated areas.

Balanced use of water sources to avoid significant

pressure on them in low flow period and also

eliminate water shortage problems for all users..

No cost for identified measures



Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

25

STAG

ES

ECOLO

GICAL

COMPO

NENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

Connected with

project connected

with project problems

of water scarcity in

low flow periods of

the year and also

those connected with

the increase of water

supply problem for

other users which use

the same sources

Constr

uction

stage

Noise

Disturbance due to

noise generated from

construction works

and intensive traffic


equipment;

Adherence to predetermined work schedule to

minimize disturbance and implementation of noise

generating works during normal work hours;

Minimum use of noise generating equipment

(example, stone cutters, compressors);

Minimize traffic during dark hours, and use of

silencers.




Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Natural

habitat

Disturbance of the

natural habitat due to

construction related

noise, dust, non-

seasonal works,

unprocessed residues

and etc.

Loss of natural

Adequate storage, processing or liquidation of

wastes;

Application of relevant construction and seasonal

work methodologies;

Protection of vulnerable areas located close to the

construction site.




Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

26

STAG

ES

ECOLO

GICAL

COMPO

NENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

settlement areas due

to construction

works.

Flora and

fauna

Earthworks,

operation of

machines, noise and

etc.;

Losses or

degradations during

and after construction

works, non-seasonal

works, change of

ecological situation

etc.

Adequate storage, processing or liquidation of

wastes;

Protection of vulnerable areas located close to the

construction site;

Application of seasonal work methodologies where

necessary.

Storage, processing, liquidation of

wastes addressed above




Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Constr

uction

stage

Aesthetic

s and

landscape

Impact of works on

landscape and

disturbance to natural

sights, greenness and

trees;

Noise, dust, residue

and etc. during and

after construction.


Restoration of damaged trees, protection lines and

etc.;


careful implementation of works in the work sites,

and management of wastes.

Restoration/planting of greenery:

$50,000

No cost for remaining measures



Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Agricultu

re

Damage to

agricultural lands,

including drainage

and irrigation

infrastructure.

Liaise effectively with relevant organizations and

residents before start of construction, maintain

dialogue, develop a grievance procedure, strictly

control machinery and vehicle access and reinstate

all affected areas




Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Livestock

Livestock resources

damaged by

machinery and

Liaise effectively with farmers and residents

before start of construction, maintain dialogue,

develop a grievance procedure, strictly control



Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

27

STAG

ES

ECOLO

GICAL

COMPO

NENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

vehicles. machinery and vehicle access and reinstate all

affected areas

normal operating procedures. JSC

Health

and safety

of

residents

and

workers

Health risks from

unprocessed wastes;

Use of harmful

substances (paints

with heavy metal,

lead compositions),

asbestos- cement

slabs, inflammable

and toxic materials

etc.).

Planning of measures dealing with security and

environmental protection issues;

Adherence to project standards, good signage,

ongoing consultation with residents, including

schools. All workers to use appropriate PPE and be

trained at project induction. Safety fencing

provided.

Organization and implementation of security and

safety related trainings;

Management of materials in accordance with the

relevant ecological and sanitary-hygiene norms;



Trainings: $25,000




Construction of warehouse for

temporal stirage of hazardous

wastes: $50,000

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Areas of

historical

and

cultural

value

Damage to areas of



project area

There are no areas of historic/cultural value to be

affected by project. But if it appears relevant

measures need to be takenş

Staff awareness;







Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Resettlem

ent

Land

acquisitio

n

Loss of property, land

and damage to living

areas of population

There no need for resettlement. For areas where lands used for agricultural crop

production relevant plans need to be prepared,

which includes provision of replacement lands or

compensation for lost access to plots of arable land

and lost fruit or nut trees.

Costs for resettlement (if any) to

be negotiated by project owner in

accordance with relevant

legislation, contractual agreement

or other documents.

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Operat

ion

stage

Risks to

human

health

Quality of treated

water

Operation supervision of treatment facilities in due

accordance with the operation guidelines;

Quality control of water flows entering the system;




Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

28

STAG

ES

ECOLO

GICAL

COMPO

NENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

(potabl

e

water

system

s)

and

environm

ent


wastewater flows;

Avoid over-chlorination of water flows supplied to

the consumers.

JSC

Breakages and

emergency situations

There is need to develop scheduled preventative

maintenance

Training of staff on safety and human security

issues;


Training cost identified below




Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Social-

economic

al


water quantities


Proper operation of the system including water

treatment, pipelines, connection lines and etc.

Ensure an affordable tariff structure and proper

collection of fees.



normal operating procedure

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Operat

ion

stage

(sewag

e and

waste

water)

Risks to

human

health

and

environm

ental

impacts

Quality of wastewater

and its impacts on

human health and

environment

Constant monitoring of wastewater flows coming

out of the wastewater treatment plant;

Discharge of wastewater into the environment only

after adequate treatment;

Training of operation staff for their qualification

raising;

Monitoring of downstream habitats to evaluate the

extent to which they return to their previously

unpolluted state.


environmental quality: $12,500

one time every 2 years for 20

years




Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Quality of sediments

in the treatment

structures (sludge),

risks due to

agricultural

consumption of these

wastes.


Monitoring of nematodes, coliforms and heavy

metals in the composition of output sludge;

Transportation of sludge in the closed containers;

Training of operation staff for their qualification

raising.

Training In application of sludge, and monitoring

of sludge application

Monitoring of sludge quality:

$10,000/year


$10,000/year

Training cost identified below

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Smell generations in Planning and management of smell mitigation; Odour masking agents: $US

29

STAG

ES

ECOLO

GICAL

COMPO

NENT

POTENTIAL


ESTIMATED COST OF

IMPACT MITIGATION

MEASURES

Responci-

bility

Monitoring

the wastewater

treatment structure;

Tight shutting of smell producing equipment and

containers.

5,000/year




Contractor Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Safe

storage of

hazardous

and non-

hazardous

wastes

Risks to human

health

Use of authorised sites for non-hazardous waste

disposal; support and arrangements for setting

facilities for hazardous waste safe storage

Training: $25,000 in first year;

$5,000/year in each following

year




Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Human

health

Risks to health of

residents and workers

and to the

environment

Training of staff on safety and human security

issues;

Training of staff on sanitary and hygiene rules to

prevent infections from wastewater discharges and

sludge residues;

Provide staff with adequate protection uniforms

and facilities;

Measures to prevent emergency situations such as

leakage of chlorine gas.

Monitoring of drinking water and wastewater

quality

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration

JSC

Note: All mitigation measures identified in this Table should be specified in all contracts for construction and operation of the project, and should also be

including in all manuals or operating procedures that are developed.

In total around 200000 USD need to be allocated to implement main mitigation measures.

30

11. MONITORING

Conducting monitoring is the major strategic tool in environmental management and the extent of project

monitoring will be dependent on the nature, scale and potential impact of the project activities. Monitoring

may require the services of environmental specialists or a company with laboratory and analytical facilities

(for complex environmental problems) or inspection by the local government environmental officers.

The Main elements of the environmental monitoring plan in the construction phase are the dust, noise, solid

waste, waste water and soil monitoring. In the operations utilization phase monitoring of water volume in

water sources and water storages, microbiological and chemical composition of water distributed to people,

comparison to water standards, pollution level of sewage, waste waters after treatment/purification,

depositions settled in water cleaning plants, cleaned/treated sewage in the place where it joins to sewage

collector and soil where depositions generated in water cleaning plants will be used as fertilizers.

Monitoring of all activities during construction period will be under the responsibility of the Contractor,

performance of which will be controlled by the Amelioration JSC or supervisor appointed by JSC. The

Contractor will prepare an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) that addresses all aspects of the EMP

identifies above, and will establish a team for the monitoring activities. The Contractor will be responsible

for the compliance of the constructions with the national norms and standards. Monitoring of construction

activities will have to ensure that mitigation measures of construction impacts are being implemented

properly. Contractor’s Environmental Team will be subject to the government inspections from time to time.

An individual auditing company may also inspect the Contractor on a long-term basis, such as every 3

months or 6 months.

Monitoring responsibility of operation activities will be under the operator for the WWTP and under the

local authorities for the network systems. Performance of monitoring activities will be controlled by the

Amelioration JSC or supervisor appointed by JSC. Necessary and planned measurements should be realized

in WWTP in order to certify of fulfillment to discharge criteria. Again WWTP operator will be subject to the

government inspections from time to time.

Regular reports on implementation of monitoring plan will be submitted to Contractor .

A training and equipment package is included in the project. As key agency responsible for implementation

for SNWSSP the Amelioration and Water Farm JSC will need to have adequate capacity for control of

realization of EMP.

Although the Department on Control of Protection and Use of Water Resources have been trained by ADP

Flood mitigation project and other programs, there is still need for required knowledge on Environment

Management issues during the construction and operation.

31

In order to increase capacity of Environmental specialist at PIU and also for local SuKanal relevant training

is planned to be organized within the project. Staff will be trained in Environmental management during the

construction and also in operation phase, in the necessary aspects for effective operation of the water and

sanitation service to minimize impact to the environment. The training requirements and training modules

are currently being developed in discussions between the World Bank and Amelioration JSC and AZERSU.

Amelioration JSC PİU will also need to have relevant trained staff to supervise the construction

process and monitor implementation of EMP.

32

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The Azerbaijan Second National Water Supply and Sanitation (SNWSS2) Project is financed by the

Government of Azerbaijan and World Bank. The employer for the project is Azerbaijan Amelioration and

Water Farm Open Joint Stock Company (OJSC) .

Gauff and Temelsu JV is contracted to prepare Feasibility Studies of Water Supply and Wastewater

Investments in 16 Rayons, of which one is Shabran Rayon. Eptisa (Spain) in association with

Hydrometeorology Consulting Company (Azerbaijan) is contracted to prepare the Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA) of the proposed project to assess the environmental and social impacts of project and to

identify the mitigation measures both during construction and post development. This EIA study provides

recommendations on mitigation measures and proposes an environmental management and monitoring plan.

1.1 Context of the EIA

This report presents an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the project in Shabran. The EIA

identifies potential impacts on the natural environment and the social situation in Shabran region during

construction and operation of the project. Where potential adverse effects are predicted, mitigation has been

developed and its implementation is presented in an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and

Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMP).

This project has been identified as a Category A project in the World Bank classification for EIA

(OP/BP4.01). This requires an EIA report and an Environmental Management Plan. Moreover, public

consultations are required to discuss the project and the proposed environmental management plan.

A detailed description of the project is presented below in section 3

There are following definitions used in this report:

Definition of environmental aspects: The International Standard Organisation’s standard for

Environmental Management Systems (EMS), ISO 14001 defines an environmental aspect as: “An

element of a......, product or service that can interact with the environment.”

Definition of impacts: ISO 14001 defines an environmental impact as: “Any change to the

environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organisation’s

activities, products or services.” This definition will be used in the identification of the proposed

project’s environmental impacts. An environmental or socio-economic impact may result from any

of the identified project aspects; that is, activity-receptor interaction. The potential for an

environmental or socio-economic impact exists where an environmental or socio-economic aspect

has been identified; that is, where a project activity has been determined to have the potential to

interact with the biophysical environment or with the socio-economic context of the community..

Impacts can be either negative or positive. The primary objectives of the impact assessment are to:

33

establish the significance of identified potential impacts that may occur as a result of a project

activity being undertaken, and differentiate between those impacts that are insignificant (i.e. can be

sustained by natural systems) and those that are significant (i.e. cannot be sustained by natural

systems). Significant potential impacts would require alternative and/or additional mitigation

measures above and beyond those already incorporated in the base design for the project/activity.

Scoping was conducted early in the EIA process so that a focus on the priority issues (i.e. those that have the

greatest potential to affect the natural and/or socio-economic environment) can be established for the rest of

the EIA process. Scoping also helped identify gaps in the environmental, socio-economic and engineering

information that need to be addressed so that an informed impact assessment can be completed.

The potential beneficial and adverse effects were identified based on literature review, onsite data collection

and surveying, intensive investigations by individual experts through field surveys and site specific

investigations.

The following categories of impacts were considered in the EIA:

1. Natural Plant and their habitat impacts were investigated using available technical reports and


2. Natural Animal, birds and their habitat were investigated using available technical reports and


3. Surface and groundwater data were obtained from available reports and were used to map

surface and groundwater existence. Later these data were used to assess the hydrogeology and

surface water catchments.

4. 4)Agricultural impacts were investigated by looking at the agricultural values, gathering crop

and soil types, and through field survey.

5. Air quality impacts were based on generalized regional level data combined with growth

forecasts. In addition, acoustic impacts (noise and vibration) were investigated.

6. Socio-economic impacts (living and employment conditions) were investigated using available

data and the data of the of State Statistical Committee.

7. Municipal services and utilities impacts (water supply, sewerage system, solid waste collection

and disposal, electricity, telecommunication, etc.) were investigated using existing information

and the Region Master Plan. Site visits enhanced these investigations.

8. Health and safety measures have been investigated and identified as being in accordance with

the national requirements and international Safety Guidelines

9. Further impacts and assessments were investigated through field survey and site visits.

34

1.2. Purpose of the EIA

In accordance with the Environmental Assessment requirements of the World Bank and the Environmental

legislation of the Azerbaijan Republic, an EIA process is required in support of the proposed project.

The objectives and rationale of the assignment are, in general, clearly stated in the Terms of Reference

(ToR).

The aim of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to ensure that any adverse environmental or

socio-economic impacts arising from proposed project activities in each individual rayon are identified and

where possible eliminated or minimized through early recognition of and response to the issues.

The purpose of the assignment is to help the Client to:

Ensure that environmental considerations are integrated into the project planning and design

activities

Ensure that a high standard of environmental performance is planned and achieved for the

project

Ensure that environmental and socio-economic aspects and impacts are identified, quantified

where appropriate, and assessed and mitigation measures proposed

Ensure that legal and policy requirements and expectations are addressed

Consult with all of the project stakeholders and address their concerns; and

Demonstrate that the project will be implemented with due regard to environmental and social

considerations in mind

The purpose of this EIA study is to identify the direct and indirect impacts that the development of WSS will

have on the natural resources, ecosystem, and the socioeconomic dimensions of the communities and

populations. Accordingly, mitigation measures will be proposed and an

environmental management and monitoring plan will be prepared to address the identified impacts and the

corresponding mitigation measures.

The EIA document is intended to provide the decision makers and international donors with an

understanding of the impacts of developing WSS, in order for them to make an informed decision. The

assessment includes suggested efforts to avoid or minimize the adverse effects and methods to enhance the

positive effects.

35

1.3. Methodology

In the course of the assignment potential impacts of all stages of the project from pre-construction, through

construction and installation to operation in each rayon are evaluated against applicable environmental

standards, regulations and guidelines, the existing environmental conditions, and issues and concerns raised

by all project stakeholders. Evaluation of the implementation and effectiveness, of existing and planned

environmental controls and monitoring and mitigation are considered.

The EIA process constitutes a systematic approach to the evaluation of a project in the specific context of the

natural, regulatory and socioeconomic environments of the project area in which development is proposed.

The assessment process incorporates the following key stages:

Project stakeholder consultation is a vital component of the EIA process. The consultation process is focused

on, seeking comment on key issues and concerns, sourcing accurate information, identifying potential

impacts and offering the opportunity for alternatives or objections to be raised by the potentially affected

parties; non-governmental organizations, members of the public and other stakeholders. Consultation helps

to develop a sense of stakeholder ownership of the project and the realization that their concerns are taken

seriously, that the issues they raise, if relevant, will be addressed in the EIA process. Consultation with all

project stakeholders in 4 rayons started during the Scoping stage and continued throughout the EIA process.

All relevant stakeholders have been identified using the most recent and accurate information available and

the consultation results including:

o - a list of stakeholders consulted in each rayon; and

o - a summary of the issues and concerns raised.

From the environmental and social point of view the above definition of the environment and potential

project impact is used in the identification of the proposed project’s environmental, legal and socio-economic

aspects.

36

2.0 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

2.1 Policy Framework

EIA in Azerbaijan

During its years of independence, Azerbaijan has steadily improved its system of environmental protection. The

policy, legal and institutional framework that it inherited from the former Soviet Union was not designed to

operate within a market economy, and insufficient attention had been given to issues of efficiency and

environmental protection.

Much progress has now been made, particularly in updating the environmental legal framework, although further

improvements are still needed, including in environmental impact assessment. The Ministry of Ecology and

Natural Resources was established in 2000 and other institutional reform is being undertaken.

The ecological strategy of the country is aimed at preservation of natural resources at national, regional and

international spheres; application of scientifically substantiated development principles; and sustainable use of

economic and human resources of the country that would meet interests of existing and future generations

through enhanced coordination of activities in the area of protection of the environment. As a manifestation of

environmental polices in the Republic of Azerbaijan, it should be noted that it is oriented to the development of

a relevant legislative basis in accordance with European standards, improvement of state environmental

management system, and gradual realization of priority projects through broadened ties with international

organizations.

In Azerbaijan, EIA is applied under the State ecological expertise (SEE) procedure.

In the EIA process the main objects are projects of state importance which cover the various

spheres of industry and agriculture.

In 1996 the Government of Azerbaijan adopted the procedure of EIA process, which compliancy with

systems used in most countries. The new rules are described in Regulations on carrying out of

Environment Impact Assessment in Azerbaijan Republic (UNDP / State Ecology Committee,

1996). These Regulations state, that “Activities on assessment of impacts of wastes to

environment should begin in the stage of planning of the project”.

The process of Environmental Impacts Assessment is one of means regulating protection of

environment, efficient use if nature and effectiveness of economic development.

This existing normative, legal basis of the Azerbaijan Republic broadly uses the notion of

EIA The main aim of the EIA process is: Recovery of natural systems violated due to previous

37

economic activity; prevention of degradation of environment; ecological – economical balancing of future

economic development; creation of favorable living conditions for peoples; decrease of level of ecological

hazard of envisaged activity.

This document was made up before decisions on fulfillment of any of projects.

The EIA document is a document which determines the character of all potential forms and level of danger

of impacts to the environment caused by an economic or other activity that is proposed to be carried out. The

EIA is document evaluates results of fulfillment of the project from ecological, social and economical view

of point.

State Expertise Board of Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources is authorized state organ

for EIA process.

For concrete projects the EIA process begins from planning and feasibility study and its realization. The

Applicant (the project proponent, nature user) is responsible for content and final version of EIA document

submitted to Ministry of Ecology. The Applicant bear the responsibility for fulfillment of conditions shown

in the given permission and also for carrying out of monitoring of the project.

There are 2 steps:

First: The originator (applicant) of the activity submits application to Ministry of

Ecology and informs about major project decisions and possible results of negative Impacts to

Environment.

Ministry of Ecology after consideration of the Application informs the Applicant about

necessity of carrying out of EIA and scale of this activity. In rare cases, after consideration of

application, the permission for carrying out of work may be given immediately (Article 2.5).

Second: The documents (on EIA) prepared by the Applicant are considered by the

Group of Experts and Summary is made. The summary also includes proposals and critics of

community.

On the basis of the summary, the Ministry of Ecology may give permission for work or refuse

to permit to activity, explaining reasons for rejection. The Ministry of Ecology determines 3

months maximal period for consideration of EIA documents.

Enforcement and compliance are the responsibility of the general inspection system. EIA process is

described in below figure(See figure 2.1).

39

The Republic of Azerbaijan pursuing a policy of integration to the World Community and in recent years

has signed and ratified scores of International and bilateral conventions, treaties and

agreements, including 15 Conventions related to environment.

Each law of Republic of Azerbaijan includes a special chapter or article stating that if International

Agreements provide rules which differ from existing relevant rules of Azerbaijan Legislation, the rules of

international documents should prevail.

.

The World Bank Safeguards Policy

The World Bank requires an environmental assessment (EA) of projects proposed for Bank financing to help

ensure that they are environmentally sound and sustainable, and thus improve decision making (OP 4.01,

January 1999). The EA that is required by the Bank is in effect the same document as the EIA that is

required under Azerbaijan legislation.

EA evaluates the potential ecological risks of a project and its impact to the territories covered by the

project; analyzes alternatives of the project; determines ways for development of choice, location, planning,

design and execution of the project, by taking measures on mitigation, compensation and bringing to

minimum of harmful ecological impacts and strengthening its positive impacts to the environment. The Bank

prefers preventive measures, if any, to mitigation or compensation measures.

The EA takes into account the environment (air, water and land); humans health and safety; social aspects

(obligatory resettlement, residents and cultural heritage property); and trans - boundary and global

environmental aspects. At the same time it takes into account all changes taking place in the project and

country; results of ecological studies held in the country, plans of local ecological measures; common

political framework of the country, local legislation and institutional possibilities on ecological and social

aspects; obligations of the country on international Agreements and Treaties concerning the projects

activities.

The Bank doesn't fund the project activities which are contrary to such country's

obligations as it would be determined during the EA.

* Key considerations to be taken into account during the EA process include:

Generic initial screening to determine appropriate environmental assessment;

Compliance with existing environmental regulations in Azerbaijan;

Linkages with socio-economic assessment, or inclusion of socio-economic assessment within the

scope of the EA;

Analysis of alternatives;

Public participation and consultation with affected people and organizations; and

Disclosure of information.

40

The Bank undertakes environmental screening of each proposed project to determine the appropriate extent

and type of EIA. The Bank classifies the proposed project into one of four categories, depending on the type,

location, sensitivity and scale of the project and the nature

and magnitude of its potential environmental impacts. The four Categories are A, B, C, and Fl.

Whilst the objectives of the project include provision of a safe, reliable, potable water supply and vastly

improved treatment of wastewater, the extent and nature of the works required result in it being classified as

Category A, for which an EIA and EMP are required. This category of project may have significant adverse

environmental impacts that are sensitive, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area

broader than the sites or facilities subject to physical works, can cause serious and irrevocable impact upon

the environment or human health. The EIA for a Category A project examines the project’s potential

negative and positive environmental impacts, compares them with those of feasible alternatives (including

the "without project" scenario), and recommends any measures needed to prevent, minimize, mitigate, or

compensate for adverse impacts and improve environmental performance for a Category A project.

2.2 Legal Framework

Environmental protection in Azerbaijan is governed by the Law on Environment Protection (1999). The Law

establishes the main environmental protection principles, and the rights and obligations of the State, public

associations and citizens regarding environmental protection.

It establishes the requirements for the preparation of environmental impact assessments, environmental

quality standards, and requirements for permitting the activities that affect the environment, prevention and

reduction of environmental pollution, environmental monitoring and control, the role of the public and

sanctions imposed on law violators.

Other laws governing specific issues such as sanitary-epidemiological welfare, land reform, energy, health,

ater, forests, cadastre and land use, industrial and domestic wastes, ecological safety, water supply and

astewater, atmospheric protection and specially protected areas have been adopted since 1992.

The questions related to protection of environment and regulation of use of nature are regulated through the

with following Laws of relevant legislation of Azerbaijan Republic: Water Code(1997), Land Code (1999),

Forest Code (1997), On Entrails (1998), On Protection of Flora(1996), On Fauna (1999), On Obligatory

Insurance (2002), On radioactive Wastes (1994),On Industrial and Household wastes (1998), On

Radioactive safety of population (1997), On Sanitary - Epidemiological Safety (1992), On Melioration and

Irrigation (1996), On Water Supply and Waste Water(1999), On Safety of Hydrotechnical Plants (2002), On

State land cadastre, monitoring of lands and structure of earth (1998), On Pesticides and agrochemical

substances (1997), On protection of the Soil fertility (1999), On specially protected nature

areas and objects (2000).

41

In addition, a large number (some 75+) of Decisions of the Cabinet of Ministers have been issued to help

interpret the body of environmental legislation and related Presidential Degrees and Orders.

Republican criminal legislation and legislation on administrative faults includes some measures directed to

protection of environment and efficient use of nature.

The relevant legislation in force includes some laws regulating activity of natural persons and legal entities

in the various spheres of use of natural resources (underground resources, water ad land resources, forests,

fishes, etc.).

The International Agreements and Conventions signed by Azerbaijan are an inseparable part of the

legislation system of the country.

Principles of rational water use, its state registration, settlement of water disputes and responsibility for

violation of water legislation are described in the following below legal documents:

Laws of Azerbaijan Republic on Water Supply and Wastewater (Decree of President of Azerbaijan

Republic dated January 26, 2000);

Water Code of Azerbaijan Republic (Decree of President of Azerbaijan Republic dated December

26, 1997);

RESOLUTION No 206 on approval of some rules regarding water legislation of Azerbaijan

Republic (Cabinet of Ministers, October 15, 1998);

RESOLUTION No 195 on approval of Rules on implementation of state control over consumption

and preservation of water objects (Cabinet of Ministers, September 25, 1998);

RESOLUTION No 197 on approval of Rules on identification of construction sites of enterprises,

structures, and other objects to be constructed, agreement of its work drawings, its state expertise

and commissioning. (Cabinet of Ministers, September 28, 1998);

Resolution No 7 on approval of state water registration rules, (Cabinet of Ministers, January 17,

2000).;

2.3 Administrative Framework

In Azerbaijan the following organizations are engaged in questions of water resources

management:

The Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources;

Amelioration and Water Farm JSC

Ministry of Health with the Center on Epidemiology and Hygiene

Azersu JSC

42

The Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources is responsible for safety and protection from pollution of

water resources. The Ministry carries out the state account of water resources and supervises their quality by

carrying out of stationary hydrometric, hydro-geological and hydro-chemical supervision, make water

balances and forecasts of elements of a water regime, estimates reserves of ground waters, prosecutes with

the questions of rational use and reproduction of water resources. Establishes and approves norms of

maximum permissible limits of run-off waters and carry out their control by means of regional offices.

The Expertise Department of the Ministry conducts State ecological examination of new projects on water

distribution, water use, new structures, other works executed in this area and gives its opinion on realization

or non realization of projects and works.

Department of Environmental Policy and Environmental Protection defines the basic directions of a policy

on maintenance of safety and protection of water resources from pollution.

Department of Environmental Protection coordinates activity on monitoring and implementing of nature

protection statutory acts, on conditions of water resources checks a level of conformity of influence of

planned activity to working statutory acts and applies sanctions.

The Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources is the responsible authority for state of environment It

determines whether a project requires no EIA at all or a full EIA or anything in between. The regional

departments of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources receive applications and ensure that adequate

information has been provided.

Amelioration and Water Farm Joint Stock Company is responsible for complex use of water resources,

studies requirements for water resources, develops plans and norms of water use, maintains irrigating

systems, together between various branches of economy, establishes a payment for water use and together

with other departments and the organizations are busy with the questions on management of water resources

of trans-boundary rivers.

Ministry of Health with the Center on Epidemiology and Hygiene is responsible for drawing up of

standards and realization of monitoring of drinking water quality. In the areas there are corresponding

divisions of the ministry for realization of monitoring, quality assurance of waters, etc.

Azersu Joint Stock Company. Till July 11, 2004 with questions of water supply of the cities Baku and

Sumgait was engaged Absheron Joint-stock Water Society. In July, 2004 service on water supply and run-off

waters of other regions of the country was also transferred to it (earlier the State Committee on Architecture

and Construction was engaged in it) and Joint-stock company Azersu was established. The basic function of

Azersu is operation and rehabilitation of systems of water supply and sanitation.

43

Joint-stock company Azersu has established different tariffs for use of water by populations, by budgetary

organizations and in the industry. In connection with economic problems, for the population lower tariffs are

established. The collecting of means makes 80 %. Water-measuring devices are few. The collected means do

not pay expenses.

The administrative structure of water supply and sanitation system comprises four levels, with the Cabinet of

Ministers at the top; AZERSU joint Stock Company; “Joint SuKanal” Limited Liability Company (LLC)

responsible for water supply and sanitation (WSS) in small towns and rural settlements; and finally local

SuKanals at the bottom which report directly to Joint SuKanal.

AZERSU is a financially independent body which receives no subsidy from senior bodies. Its main revenues

are from water fees it receives from consumers.

The Non Governmental organizations (NGOs) in Azerbaijan carry out projects on informing the public on

existing problems in the water sector, explain legal aspects of questions on protection of water resources by

edition of bulletins and booklets, speak to the press/media and carry out of training. Since they lack their

own resources, NGO’s carry out their activities within the framework of projects and grants. Frequently

these projects are directed on increasing of knowledge of the population.

CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

In Azerbaijan, engineering survey, design and construction standards and regulations are governed by the

State Construction Committee. Rules of conducting supervision and control procedures by the State

Construction Committee (in several areas regarding to safety of construction by the recently established

Ministry of Emergencies) had been approved by the Cabinet of Ministers in 2003. Subject to the State

Construction Committee regulations all construction operations are to be carried out with due regard to the

environmental requirements. Following the existing construction rules, construction or renovation works are

to be carried out on the basis of the approved project (design) documents only.

The State Construction Committee issues special licenses to conduct engineering survey and design

operations (no license is required for construction operations).

The project design documents include descriptions of proposed construction and related activities together

with applications for permits from relevant authorities for geological studies of soil characteristics, fire

safety, public health, utilities (gas, water, electricity, telecommunication) and environmental assessment. The

relevant authorities conduct inspections during construction to monitor compliance with the permits, and

may issue significant fines if violations are found.

44

LAND AVAILABILITY

Land acquisition and resettlement that might be required under this project will be governed by a

Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) that has been developed and approved by the Amelioration JSC and

is acceptable to the World Bank.

A RPF was developed in 2007 to cover the first Water Supply and Sanitation Project as a whole, as part of

Bank screening procedures. The RPF concludes that there should be no justification for moving PAPs

dwellings or other fixed assets and that the majority of cases will involve land used for arable or livestock

grazing.

The procedure envisioned by the RPF involves the Project Implementation Unit (PIU) determining the legal

status of affected lands and then determining the compensation mechanism, taking into account that users

may not actually have legal tenure or permissions to use the affected land. The final step involves agreement

and payment of compensation to PAPs at the stage of detailed design and before construction commences.

The compensation could take several forms, involving land swap or monetary payment and should be

determined and undertaken in accordance with the provisions of the RPF..

45

3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1 Problem Statement

Shabran is located in the north-east of the Great Caucasus. In the east it is bounded by the Caspian Sea. Total

area is 1088 sq km. The rayon comprises 68 villages. There are 21,400 people living in Shabran town, the

administrative center of the rayon.

The climate of the rayon is mild-hot and semi-arid. The average annual amount of precipitation is 400-600

mm. The main rivers are Gilgilchay and Atachay. Valvalachay flows on the north border of the rayon. The

rivers water is used for irrigation.

The main industry in the rayon is oil. There are gas refining enterprise, carpet factory and a winery. The

agricultural economy mainly comprises vine-growing, vegetable-growing and grain-growing.

There are no water sources in Shabran or in the nearby area. The population of the rayon and the some nearby

villages is supplied from Baku Water Pipe I and II. No meters are present at key water collection points.

Water is supplied by gravity and pumped to the distribution network.

This line Baku İ takes ground and spring waters from Shollar village area(Near Khudat city) to Baku for a

distance of 180-200 km. Amount of water taken from the source makes approx. 1.25- 1.27 m3/s and as

result of water intake by residential areas on its way the amount of water reduces for around 25% and

makes up 1 m3/s near Baku.

Baku II water pipeline is constructed in 1956 and takes ground waters of 2.65cub.m/s) capacity to Baku

from around Khachmaz region

Overall, the drinking water service in the rayon of the Shabran is characterized as unsound and unable to

satisfactorily fulfill the basic utility mandate of community service. The consumed water is disinfected

inconsistently. The service area of the “urban centre” water supply system, the focus of this evaluation,

encompasses about 14,400 person or 67.3 percent of the town of Shabran.

Existing water resources would meet current demand with proper design, maintenance and management of

the pipe network (to reduce leakages, maintain pressure levels and control customer usage). However, these

resources are squandered. Laboratory water tests made during the project preparation shows compliance

with GOST 2874-82 -“potable water”, except for bacteriological standards.

The town water system has water reservoirs with the total capacity of 1,500 m3, which need rehabilitation.

The distribution system has functioned since 1970. The network consists of 10.5 km main and 65.5 km

secondary steel pipes. The leakages are calculated to 50 % of the water balance. Waters supply is constrained

to 8 hours a day. 350 water meters are installed. Below is given scheme of existing WS system taken from

FS document.

46

Figure 3.1 Existing WS system in Shabran

47

Wastewater is mainly collected in simple wells (shambo) owned by consumers. Untreated wastewater is

collected via canals and underground drainage to non-official area(Figure 3.2).

Figure 3. 2. Place of joining of existing open sewage canal with collector leading to Caspian Sea

In the proposed system, water will only be extracted from the IInd

Baku Water Transmission Line.

No part of the rayon is served by an official community sewerage system. The primary sources of

wastewater are the residential and commercial population.

According to health statistics of Shabran Rayon between 2000 and 2009, the most common water borne

disease is viral hepatitis. Its occurrence averages is app. 5.8 in a year. Acute intestinal infections, dysentery

and salmonellas follow viral hepatitis with 3.9, 1.4 and 0.5 occurrences in a year respectively. Water source

diseases are thought to be decreased in time with the upgrade of infrastructure facilities in the rayon.

The following problems exist:

48

General

Depletion of existing WSS assets due to lack of sustainable investments and insufficient capacities for

Operation and Maintenance (O&M)

Little appreciation of public infrastructure sector and its organizations due to bad quality and service –

consumers implement their individual solutions without a general concept

Provisional solutions become permanent solutions – mostly in consequence of damages and due to the

limited budgets

Low awareness of hygienic interrelations of water supply, wastewater disposal and livestock farming

cause high rates of water borne diseases

Major WSS supply lines and other facilities often affected by landslides and earthquakes

Water Supply

Lack of mechanism for application of legislation to water withdrawal from Water Transmission

Pipelines,

No sound legal protection of future investments

Limited number and capacity of water supply pumps and reservoirs – no extension according to

growth of population and industry

Damages caused by great age, low material quality and insufficient installation depth of pipes lead to

high losses within the water distribution network

Interrupted water supply and temporarily empty pipes cause bad water quality at house connections

(bacteria, sediments, rust etc.)

Hygienic problems by private water storage tanks

New water supply lines/areas were implemented on the standards of the old systems i.e. regular steel

pipes and manually operated pumps and valves

Manual operation of the water distribution system – no automation and control

Preference of gravity flow systems and bad reputation of pumps – as high manual effort and energy

cost necessary to operate the existing old pumps.

Wastewater

Wastewater collection, treatment and discharge is considered to be of minor importance compared to

water supply facilities – low priority and nearly no investments since 1990

Damages of existing sewers results in irregular wastewater flows at the surface

Too few shafts causing very limited access to existing sewer network

No equipment for maintenance and repair – no chance for troubleshooting

Sewerage disposal in unlined pits leads to pollution of ground and surface water – as private wells are

also used for water supply this constitutes a serious health risk

Sludge disposal from pits and septic tanks is done illegally outside the municipal area

49

Socio-Economic Situation

Low connection rate (50-70%) to public water supply network – many people are used to living with

little water as they must carry it for a longer distance or buy it from tank trucks

Bathrooms not common in the Rayon towns – improvement requires modification or extension of the

houses and will depend on economic possibilities of the owners

Toilets mostly outdoor using open pits without flushing – future connection to a new sewer system

will depend on personal interest and require private investments

Popular cohabitation with livestock within the urban settlement without sufficient disposal of

excrements

Institutional Situation

Low level of support for Local Sukanal (water agency) Departments by central organizations and

institutions, and very limited provision of know how, equipment, vehicles etc. from central

departments.

Institutional complexity and dependency on central organizations and institutions inhibits solutions

and investments on Rayon level

National Water Supply Tariffs are not cost-effective to cover necessary investments – for better water

quality and 24hour supply the majority of consumers need to agree to higher rates. The current tariff

rates apply to a normative demand which is much higher than actual.

Value and qualification of Rayon Sukanal staff are affected by the need of manual handling and

trouble shooting. They are not in line with future O&M requirements.

Skepticism of villages concerning incorporation by the cities and/or integration by larger WSS

organizations – disadvantages due to limited independency and priority of the city.

The management structure and skills of Sukanals are poorly aligned for operating as a service

industry.

There is an immediate need to address these issues through development and implementation of an efficient

and effective WSS system that is affordable to local communities and which meets the needs of the range of

stakeholders that it must serve.

3.2. Project description

The Government of Azerbaijan planned the implementation of National Water Supply and Sanitation Project

with the financial assistance of World Bank since 2007. The second phase of the same project has been

approved on date 27 May 2008 as Second National Water Supply and Sanitation Project (SNWSSP). The

implementing agency of this second phase project is Azerbaijan Amelioration and Water Management

Company AWMC.

50

The general objective of this Project is to improve the availability, quality, reliability, and sustainability of

water supply and sanitation (WSS) services in 16 of Azerbaijan's regional (rayon) centers. Better

infrastructure services of the secondary towns and cities shall be implemented to improve living conditions,

reduce poverty and support local economic growth.

Gauff and Temelsu JV is contracted to prepare Feasibility Studies of Water Supply and Wastewater

Investments in 16 Rayons, one of which is Shabran Rayon. The contract for this work entered into force on

16th March 2010 with a Mobilization Period: 30 days. Official Project Commencement date is the 5th of

April 2010 and scheduled completion date is 5th of April 2011. The project is intended to provide better

infrastructure services of the secondary towns and cities in order to improve living conditions, reduce

poverty and support local economic growth.

The Feasibility Study was conducted by the Shabran water project in 2010. In the project documentation it is

indicated that the primary objective of the project is to improve the health and livelihoods of the urban

communities through the provision of safe, potable quality and adequate water supply and sanitation.

The Project contains 3 components:

A1: Rayon Investment component, which will finance priority investments in the WSS sector, such as

the rehabilitation and extension of WSS systems, including facilities for wastewater and septic sludge

treatment in rayon centers across Azerbaijan;

B1: Institutional Modernization component which will support development and implementation of an

Institutional Development Plan (IDP) for Azersu and its subsidiary companies and State Amelioration

and Water Management Agency (SAWMA), to improve the operational efficiency and sustainability

of WSS services;

C1: Project Implementation and Management component, which will support project implementation

by financing project management activities including Incremental Operating Costs due to the project,

training, and annual audits of the project and entity accounts and financial statements.

The November 2003 Presidential Decree No: 3 requires the Cabinet of Ministers to undertake measures for

elimination of socio economic problems and to apply the norms of the European Social Charter. The

proposed WSS project falls squarely within the scope of the Decree. The national WSS norms state that

water supply to the population shall be 24 hour coverage of potable quality and delivered to the consumer at

the appropriate pressure. These norms accord with the European Social Charter.

The Government’s sector policies, strategy and development are based on a National WSS Strategy (2000),

which recommended the setting up of ‘Autonomous Commercially-Run Utilities, under the Regulatory

Control of Local Government. In secondary towns, these utilities, known as SuKanals (Secondary towns

water supply agency, prefixed by town name to designate the local branch – Shabran SuKanal refers to the

agency in the town of Shabran), were to be transformed into financially self-sufficient institutions eventually

be able to attract the private sector to participate in their operation and management. This was followed by a

51

Presidential Decree No. 893 of March 2002, which further set out the sector development approach. This

Decree promotes private section participation, an improved tariff system, metering of water supply and

revision of the accounting systems.

As Part of the Second National Water Supply and Sanitation Project (WSS) within the A1 project

component, consulting services are required to study the existing conditions and to identify feasible water

supply and wastewater investments in 16 Rayons, including Shabran. Gauff and Temelsu JV has assessed the

technical feasibility of proposed project measures and financial feasibility for each area based on cost

estimations of proposed measures. In the project documentation it is indicated that the primary objective of

the project is to improve the health and livelihoods of the urban communities through the provision of safe,

potable quality and adequate water supply and sanitation.

The following indicators will be followed:

Secure supply with potable water meeting World Health Organization (WHO) and/or national quality

standards

Continuous water supply for 24 hours per day

Supply of each user with sufficient water for domestic needs

Water distribution system workable under operational pressures with low leakage rates

Safe collection and treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater and reduction of aquifer pollution

Compliance of water supply facilities, sewer system and wastewater treatment plant with international

and/or Azeri standards.

Affordable water supply and sanitation prices for consumers and within determined service tariffs

Minimum use of natural resources to keep the impact of WSS measures on the environment at

minimum level during implementation and maintenance.

The secondary objective is to implement an Action Plan that will upgrade and improve the sustainability in

the Rayon centers.

The Project aims to achieve its objectives through:

Implementation of a new, efficient and appropriately sized water and sanitation infrastructure by

rehabilitation of existing facilities and construction of new ones where this is necessary.

Determine the operational bottlenecks of the water and sanitation system and develop project

proposals to improve efficiency

Strengthening of local know how and capacity to deliver and maintain these services

Developing a sense of local ownership through community participation

The water source for the proposed project in Shabran rayon is the İİ Baku Water Transmission Line. As

indicated above, laboratory water tests, except bacteriological, taken during the project preparation shows

compliance with GOST 2874-82 -“potable water”.

52

The designed water demand for Shabran has been determined by the Feasibility Study as 61.10l/s, which

includes 58.54 l/s for domestic purposes of 27400 person(180 l./c/.d), 0.65 l/s for agricultural purposes and

1.91 l/s for industrial / commercial purposes.

The research of Geology Institute of National Academy of Science indicates that during last 80 year period

no qualitative and quantitative changes have been observed in the source of water of Baku I and II pipelines

for the last 80 years.

The total capacity of both Baku water supply lines is 2500 l/s which is 40 times higher than proposed 61.10

l/s water abstraction amount for Shabran. This demonstrates the sustainability of the use of this water source.

Also, this means that sustainable water supply will be provided for all users by this water source.

In the proposed water supply system there would be 2 pumping stations and 4 reservoirs. 3 of the reservoirs

are service reservoirs with 1,000 m3, 1,500 m

3 and 800 m

3 capacities. The fourth reservoir is a collection

reservoir with 50 m3 capacity near Pumping Station 1. PS1 feeds the reservoir with 1,500 m

3 capacity, while

PS2 feeds the reservoir with 800 m3 capacity.

Reservoirs are located in areas belonging to SuKanal where no residential areas or agricultural lands are

located (Figure 3.3)

Figure 3.3. Proposed place of location of reservoir 1

The water supply pipes will be renewed with PE pipes within the scope of the Project and water will be

supplied 24 hours per day.

53

Main WSS lines will pass aside the street where the existing system is located(Figure 3.4)

Figure 3.4 Street of Shabran city where water supply and waste water pipes will be passed

Within the scope of the Project, polyethylene corrugated pipes will be laid to create a wastewater network

and a new Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) will be constructed approximately 2 km away from the

town center. The land required for the WWTP belongs to the Municipality.

General characteristics of the WTTP are as below:

General characteristics of the WTTP are as below:

Population Equivalent: 27,400 person (2030)

Daily Flow: 4,963 m3/d

Dry Weather Peak Flow: 100.07 l/s

Rainy Weather Peak Flow: 141.73 l/s

The extended aeration process with sludge drying beds is selected by the Consultant as project proposal

for the treatment of wastewater of Shabram.

The WWTP will consist of the following main components:

54

Inlet Pumping Station

Due to topographic properties, the study area is relative flat, an inlet pumping station has to be erected to

ensure that the water flows through the WWTP by gravity. The inlet sewer ends in the pump sump. The inlet

pumps convey the wastewater to the screen channel which has the highest water level of the WWTP.

For the inlet pumping station centrifugal pumps have been chosen because of their relative little space

demand and robustness. Two duty pumps with capacity of 75 l/s and one standby pump with same capacity

will be installed in the screen building (dry installation). Steering of the pumps will be accomplished by

means of fixed level set points installed in the pump sump. Here the water level will be measured

continuously. In case that the water level is exceeding a first pre-set level the first pump will start operation.

In case the water level is still increasing and reaching the second pre-set level, the second pump will

additionally start operation. The capacity of both pumps is sufficient to cope with the maximum flow led to

the WWTP by the sewerage network during wet weather flow. In case the water led to the WWTP by the

sewerage system during wet weather is exceeding the maximum pump capacity, an overflow in the pump

sump will discharge the excess water into a bypass pipe leading to the outlet of the WWTP.

Faecal Sludge Acceptance Station

Faecal sludge from houses not connected to the new public sewerage system (especially in the first years)

will be brought by suction trucks to the WWTP. The pipe of the truck will be connected to a faecal sludge

acceptance station which consists of a fine screen with 6 mm bar spacing. The screenings will be pressed and

disposed in a container, the sludge flows into a buffer tank. The faecal sludge acceptance station has a

capacity of 100 m³/h. That means that a truck with 10 m³ load can be emptied within approx. 6 minutes.

After the screen the sludge will flow into a buffer tank which offers sufficient space (40 m³) to empty the

tank during 7 h/d at night time by means of submersible feeding pumps (one duty and one standby pump)

with a capacity of 2 l/s each. The sludge will be pumped into the screen channel behind the screen. The

buffer tank which will be built next to the inlet pump sump will be covered with a concrete slab in order to

avoid odor and nuisance. Pipes for ventilation will be led over the roof of the screen building.

Screen

One compact screen consisting of an automatic screen with integrated washpress and screenings conveyor

is envisaged. For a WWTP of this size two screens are deemed to be uneconomic. For emergency cases a by-

pass channel will be built. The fine screen and the screenings container will be installed in a screen building.

The wastewater will flow through the fine screen with 6 mm bar spacing to withdraw the coarse and fine

materials for saving the following plant components. The clearance of the screen is carried out automatically

in case the water level difference before and behind the screen exceeds a pre-installed value. The screenings

will be washed, pressed and conveyed to a container. The integrated press will reduce the screenings volume

to approximately 50%. The quantity of pressed screenings is approximately 0.8 m³/d. One container of 3 m³

55

is sufficient for 7.6 days. The containers are located on small lorries by which they can be brought out of the

building. Container trucks can now pick them up for disposal at a landfill.

In case of failure the water level in front of the screens rises up and the wastewater flows in a by-pass

channel where a screen with a bar spacing of 40 mm is installed. The screen is cleaned by hand. For

maintenance purposes the screen channel is equipped with stop logs.

Aerated Grit and Grease Chamber

For the removal of grit and grease one combined aerated grit and grease chamber will be built. Retention

time at wet weather flow is approx. 10 min. To improve the transportation of grease into the foreseen

chamber and the separation of sand and organic matter the grit chamber is equipped with a coarse bubble

aerating system. This is separated in two sections over the grit chamber length with different air transmission

volumes to avoid disturbances in settling processes in the final part of the grit chamber. The design envisages

an air demand of 0.5 Nm³/m³/h which is deemed to be suitable in order to avoid unintended reduction of

BOD5 which is required for denitrification. One blower and one standby aggregate will be installed in the

screen building.

Grease and oil is collected on the surface of the grease chamber that is separated from the grit chamber by

means of vertically mounted stilling rakes. The rakes are fixed at a concrete diving wall that prevents grease

and oil from flowing back into the grit chamber. The floated grease is pushed towards the grease hopper by

means of a scraper that is mounted at the scraper bridge. When the bridge has reached the hopper a penstock

is opening to lead the grease into the hopper. Simultaneously, the grease pump is starting for transporting the

mixture into a grease container located in the screen building.

The grit is removed from the collecting channel at the tank bottom by a suction pump mounted on the

bridge. The sand/water mixture is pumped via a channel located on one side into a pumping pit. From there

a submersible pump transports the sand/water mixture into the grit classifier.

The grit classifier which is located in the screen building will separate sand from water. The dewatered sand

is transported directly into a 1 m³ container. The separated water is brought back into the screens outlet flow

by gravity. The daily quantity of grit amounts to 0.4 m³/d. The grit will be disposed at a landfill.

Flow Measurement

Inflow will be measured by a Venturi channel which will be located behind the grit and grease chamber.

The measuring device consists of one sensor for the measurement of the water level in combination with a

standard Khafagiventuri form. The documentation of the current flow situation as well as the recording of the

daily water volume is to be provided from the flow measurement. The current flow will also be used for the

control of the proportional return sludge flow. The measurement of inflow reflects the actual hydraulic load

of the activated sludge tanks better than the outflow measurement because of delay-effects.

Activated Sludge Tank

The activated sludge tanks (AST) are designed for a sludge age of 21.5 days which is necessary for

simultaneous aerobic sludge stabilization (extended aeration) and nitrogen removal , according to

56

internationally acknowledged German guideline DWA-A-131. A relative small food to mass ratio of

0.04/0.04/0.04/0.05 kgBOD5/kgDS is necessary to be sufficient to meet the required treatment standard.

Two circular tanks with a volume of approx. 4,800 m³ each will be constructed. The total volume amounts to

approx. 9,600 m³. The depth of the tanks will be 5.00 m.

Nitrogen removal is based on aerated (nitrification) and unaerated (denitrification) zones or phases which

change periodically. Circular tanks have been chosen because they offer optimum conditions for intermittend

denitrification which requires completely mixed tanks. Intemittend denitrification which means that

nitrification and denitrification phases alternate in time in one reactor has been chosen because control and

steering of this process is not complicate and also offers big operational flexibility. The duration of the

different phases will be determined by measuring the break in the redox potential.

The tanks will be equipped with fine bubble panel aerators which allow for a good oxygen transfer capacity

and therefore provide an advantageous efficiency. The oxygen concentration will be measured and controlled

in each tank. A free oxygen concentration of 2 mg/l will be maintained. Oxygen input into the wastewater

will be steered by the flexible capacity of the blowers equipped with frequency converters. The blowers will

be accommodated in an adjacent blower station.

During unaerated phases the sludge has to be prevented from settling on the tank bottom by stirring devices.

Due to the little occupancy rate of the aerators (typical for plants with extended aeration) the stirring devices

will also stay in operation during aerated phases. Each tank will be equipped with 2 submersible mixers with

diameter 2.50 m.

The mixed liquor suspended solids value (MLSS) which can be maintained by the return sludge ratio of 0.75

amounts to 3.78 gDS/l. The daily excess sludge produced amounts to approximately 126 m³/d at the start of

operation in 2013 and 188 m³/d at the end of operation in 2030.

Equal inflow to each tank is accomplished by a distribution chamber with overflow weirs. In case of

emergency shut down inflow can be closed by a gate valve. The water level of each tank is determined by the

water level in the final sedimentation tank. Also the outlet pipe has to be closed by a gate valve in emergency

case.

Blower Station

Three duty blowers with a suction volume (under operational conditions) of approx. 1,650 m³/h each and one

standby blower with same capacity have been chosen. All blowers will be connected to one air pipe which

branches in the further course to the activated sludge tanks. Two of the blowers will be equipped with

frequency converters with a range of 36-100%. This allows for a stepless range of the aeration of 1:8.3. The

minimum range acc. DWA-A-131 is 1:7.

Total suction air capacity (under operational conditions) amounts to approx. 4,950 m³/h which is approx.

4,270 Nm³/h. All aggregates will be installed in the blower station adjacent to the activated sludge tanks. The

peak oxygen demand of wastewater is approx. 256 kgO2/h.

57

Final Sedimentation Tank (FST)

One tank with an internal diameter of 24.00 m and a depth of 4.00 m will be built with a total volume of

approx. 2,100 / 1,800 / 2,200 / 2,000 m³. Two tanks are not deemed to be economical for a WWTP of this

size. Also the diameters of 2 tanks would be smaller than 20 m which is the limit for horizontal flow. The

tanks would have to be to designed for vertical flow which requires much deeper tanks. Also breakdown of a

scraper bridge is a rather seldom event.

The task of the FST is the proper separation of the purified wastewater from the activated sludge. The

sludge, under the influence of gravity, will settle on the bottom of the FST from where it will be pushed into

the centre of the tank by a rotating rake in preparation for the sludge removal. This sludge will then, to a

large extent, conveyed back into the biological stage, whereby ultimately the desired concentration of

biomass in the biological process will be achieved.

Inflow of water into FST is provided via a culvert into the feed well. In order to achieve an uniform

discharge and loading of the final sedimentation tank, an even distribution of the sludge-water mixture

through the central structure will be ensured by Stengel-type inlets installed here.

A one sided rake is designed for the purpose of clearing the settled activated sludge on the tank floor. The

anticipated floor inclination of the final sedimentation tank is 1:15 which will facilitate the sludge removal

by the bottom rake. The clearing bridge is mounted on the middle plate and running on the side wall of the

final sedimentation tank. The rake is designed in such a way to provide a sufficient removal volume in the

sludge hopper to avoid insufficient oxygen supply to the activated sludge or even sludge bulking.

The scum that occurs within the final sedimentation tank is to be withdrawn by a skim channel. A

submersible pump, installed within the skim channel in a small pit conveys the scum via a collecting

pressure pipe into the return and excess sludge. pump station. Here it will be mixed intensively with the

return and surplus sludge.

The effluent water withdrawal from the final sedimentation tank will take place via a spillway which can be

overflowed from both sides, with a submersed baffle wall in front of it. The runoff from the effluent water

channel is led to the outlet of the WWTP.

Return Sludge Pump Station

The task of the return sludge pumping station is the back pumping of the biological sludge from the final

sedimentation tanks to the activated sludge tanks in order to maintain the mixed liquor suspended solids

concentration in the activated as constant as possible. Two duty and one standby submersible centrifugal

sludge pumps will be installed. Each of the pumps will have a delivery of maximal 75 l/s. By means of

frequency converters a constant return sludge ratio of 0.75 will be ensured. The required flow rate is

provided by the inlet flow measuring device in combination with the return sludge measurement by an MID-

device installed in the sludge inlet pipe. The return sludge will be pumped into the distribution chamber prior

to the activated sludge tanks. There the return sludge and the incoming wastewater will be mixed intensively.

58

Excess Sludge Pump Station

Excess sludge will be sucked from the return sludge pump sump and pumped to the gravity pre-thickener.

The amount of sludge which will be withdrawn from the system will be determined by the operation time of

the pump. The MLSS value in the aeration tanks will be measured in fixed intervals. The pumps will start

operation in case the MLSS concentration in the aeration tanks is higher than the given value or will be shut

down in case of a lower MLSS concentration. One duty and one standby submersible excess sludge pumps

will be installed with a capacity of 10 / 8 / 9 / 8 l/s each.

Gravity Pre-Thickener

One thickener with a volume of 176 m³ is envisaged.

The pre-thickener is used to reduce the water content of the withdrawn excess sludge from the activated

sludge tanks. This will considerably reduce the hydraulic load of the following sludge drying beds. The

thickener consists mainly of a cylindrical part with a bottom inclination of 1:10 and a small hopper. The

sludge is settling down and brought into the hopper by means of a sludge scraper.

The removal of supernatant from the thickener takes place by means of a one-sided overflow weir. The

supernatant flows by gravity to the channel upstream of the distribution chamber of the activated sludge

tanks. To avoid clogging the pipes are rinseable. The feeding of surplus sludge to the thickener is carried out

by the excess sludge pumps (described above) centrally into the consolidation zone. The retention time in the

consolidation zone is approx. 36 h.. The sludge withdrawal from the thickener will be provided by means of

a sludge pumping pit attached to the thickener from which the sludge is pumped to the sludge drying beds by

one duty and one standby pump with 10 l/s capacity each.

Sludge Drying Bed

For dewatering and drying the sludge will be pumped to a sludge drying bed. With a chosen dry solids load

of 120 kgDS/m² the dry solids content will reach approx. 40 %. The total area which will be divided in 4

units amounts to 5,040 m². The usable height is 1.80 m. The bottom will be used as a filter. The top layer

which serves as a wearing surface will be 20 cm sand which has to be renewed from time to time. The filter

below the top layer consists of three layers of sand-gravel mixture with grain size 0-12 mm, gravel 18-25

mm and coarse gravel up to 60 mm grin size in which a drainage pipe is laid. Below the filter a clay layer of

35 cm with permeability of kf < 10^-8 m/s has to be placed for protection of groundwater from

contamination. The clay layer is not necessary in case the permeability of the existing soil (minimum 35 cm)

is already below 10^-8 m/s. The supernatant which is in the order of less than 1 l/s flows back to the inlet

pumping station by gravity. The dried sludge will be removed by a tractor or a wheel loader. For this reason

tracks of concrete will be envisaged in the sludge drying beds.

Administration Building incl. Laboratory and Workshop

An administration and maintenance building will be built in the site of the WWTP. This building will include

all facilities required for properly operating the plant. For this reason it is located in an appropriate and

central place, with view and easy access to all treatment units. On the other hand there is enough distance to

59

possible odour sources like sludge treatment The building will include offices, laboratory, control room,

workshop, stores, showers and sanitary facilities, dressing rooms, kitchen, and meeting room. The building

will be alimented with electricity and potable water.

Power Supply and Emergency Power Supply

The required electrical power has been calculated as 181 kW. The detailed calculation is presented in the

annex. For case of power failure a diesel generator set will be installed which will cover the emergency

power supply of 101 kW. The generator set will be accommodated in a separate small building with

dimensions like a garage.

Gauff and Temelsu JV proposes to use the numbers for non-sensitive areas which means that the WWTPs

will be designed also for elimination of carbonaceous matter

.Elimination of phosphorus by chemical precipitation with ferric or aluminium salts is notn’t envisioned .

The reasons are as follows:

• The limited budget, investments on the water sector are deemed to have a greater benefit for the

population than establishing a very sophisticated wastewater treatment

• The elimination of P requires higher skills from the personnel operating the plant

• The possibility to use the effluent in the future for irrigation purposes

This process will allow to provide needed quality of treated waters with possibility of further their use for

irrigation and also use of sludge in agriculture.

Therefore project FS Document proposes the effluent limit values as presented in the table below(Table

3.1):

Table 3.1. Effluent Standards proposed for Design

Parameter (Unit) Non-Sensitive Area

BOD5 Mg/l 25

COD Mg/l 125

TSS Mg/l 35

N,tot Mg/l --

P,tot Mg/l --

The requirements for sludge treatment proposed by the Consultant are stabilization of sludge and dry solids

content of approx. 20% - 25%. which can be achieved by sludge drying beds.

By year 2030 a population equivalent main indicator will be of 27,400 people PE served by the WWTP..

60

Mainly planned in the project the extended aeration system is feasible from economic and exploitation point

of view and is characterised with a low probability of accidents as in this variant a heated septic reservoir and

utilization of gas isn’t required.

Daily, 1,400 kg sludge will be produced in the Plant and dried in drying beds. According to Item 3.7, 3rd

Article, Azerbaijan Republic Cabinet of Ministers Decision about Sanitary Rules, Hygiene and

Environmental Specifications Based Cities and Other Cities and Other Populated Areas Treatment,

Temporary Domestic Waste Storage, Regular Removal and Neutralization Guidelines dated 21 April 2005

No. 74, landfill disposal of solid domestic waste of hazardous and safe (intra-sedimental) industrial waste

and waste which can be recycled (repeatedly used ) is prohibited. That is why sludge will be stored within

the Plant and will be used in agricultural activities during the season. In that case content of sludge to be

used in agriculture must meet requirements of sludge content environmental control standard presently

effective in Azerbaijan.

Water borne diseases are expected to decrease in time with the upgrade of infrastructure facilities in the

rayon.

3.3 Map of project area and the location of project infrastructure to be included.

Shabran rayon center which is project area has been located in the north-east of the Greater

Caucasus. Shabran territory consists of plain-foothill and highland zones(See Figure 3.5).

61

Figure 3.5. Map of location of Shabran region

62

The rayon’s economic activity is based on agriculture. Local people mainly deal with grain and vegetable

growing and stock farming. Socio-economical information about the project area is given at the section 2.4.4.

In Shabran rayon center 22.533 people live according to the census result of year 2009.

The project service area for water supply will include the Sincanboyat and Surra villages .The wastewater

from Surra Village is taught to be collected as well as refugee camp located at the northeast of Shabran rayon

center. Below is given division of the rayon territory to different areas depending on water sources, land use

and type of economical activity(Figure 3.6).

Figure 3.6. Land use and economic areas in Shabran region

Map of location of existing and proposed in the FS document infrastructure are given in the ANNEXES I-IV

3.4 Legal and Institutional Strengthening

Existing Organization: Services related to sewerage system and stormwater are under the responsibility of

Local Birleshmish SuKanal Authority. Ten management and administration staff including one manager, 24

accounting staff, 13 technical staff responsible for water supply systems and 5 technical staffs responsible for

sewerage systems has been employed by Local Birleshmish Su Kanal Authority.

The project Feasibility Study underlines the importance of strengthening the Institutional Structure. The

main proposal for the organization is to separate Shabran Su Kanal Department from the central

63

organizations like AZERSU and Birleshmish Su Kanal in order to have an efficient and operational

management structure.

Existing organizational structure of the Shabran Su Kanal Department is proposed to be kept mainly as it is.

However some small modifications within the organization structure have been proposed to be realized in

order to improve the Shabran Su Kanal Department. As a must, the constructed wastewater treatment plant

will require a few skilled staff, like plant director, engineer/chemist and a technician, and ordinary workers.

The technician and workers for the wastewater treatment plant could be selected and trained from the

existing staff of the Shabran Su Kanal Department. Besides that a part time Information Technologies

Specialist (IT Specialist) is proposed to assist to the Shabran Su Kanal Department Head. IT specialist will

assist to the installation and development of information technologies within the organization. A (See Figure

3.7 for the extended units of the Organizational Structure of the Shabran Su Kanal Department)

FIGURE 3.7. PROPOSED ORGANIZATION DIAGRAM OF SHABRAN SU KANAL

DEPARMENT(FS)

Shabran

Su Kanal Dept.

Head

Economist Safety

Inspector

Operation

&

Maintenance

Department

Accounting

Department

Personnel

Department

Deputy

Head

Customer

Relations

Department

Drinking

Water

Network

O & M

Services

Sewerage

Network

O & M

Services

Pumping

Stations

O & M

Services

Wastewater

Treatment Plant

O & M

Services

Information

Technologies

Specialist

Units kept

Units Proposed to be

Extended

Shabran

Su Kanal Dept.

Head

Economist Safety

Inspector

Operation

&

Maintenance

Department

Accounting

Department

Personnel

Department

Deputy

Head

Customer

Relations

Department

Drinking

Water

Network

O & M

Services

Sewerage

Network

O & M

Services

Pumping

Stations

O & M

Services

Wastewater

Treatment Plant

O & M

Services

Shabran

Su Kanal Dept.

Head

Economist Safety

Inspector

Operation

&

Maintenance

Department

Accounting

Department

Personnel

Department

Deputy

Head

Customer

Relations

Department

Drinking

Water

Network

O & M

Services

Sewerage

Network

O & M

Services

Pumping

Stations

O & M

Services

Wastewater

Treatment Plant

O & M

Services

Information

Technologies

Specialist

Units kept

Units Proposed to be

Extended

64

4. BASIC INFORMATION

4.1. Bio-physical description of project area

Relief and geological structure

Shabran region is situated on the north-east slope of Great Caucasus mountains of the same natural

region. The area of the region have complex relief condition. Flat, foothills and mountainous relief forms are

distributed here. Absolute altitude changes between 28 m and 2205 m.

The Flat part of the area is on Samur-Devechi lowland. The Caspian coast side of this lowland is

situated below ocean-level. The lowland is of accumulative origin and covered with sea sedimentary rocks of

forth age. Towards the west from the lowland the absolute altitude increases and flat relief is replaced with

plateaus, low and middle relief forms.

The main part of the region is on the Front Caucasus tectonic landing zone (Gusar-Devechi

synclinorium) and only the west mountainous part is on Great Caucasus tectonic ascend zone (Tenge-

Beshbarmag anticlinorium).

Shabran region is situated on magnitude 7 seismic zone. The geological structure of the area is

complex. There are two geological Age of Mammals and Age of Reptiles rocks that are mentioned in

Azerbaijan. Age of Mammals rocks are distributed more widely. They are mainly represented by third and

forth age rocks (clays, sand stones, sahels, etc.).

Forth age rocks are distributed on the east side, the third age rocks on the central side and Chalk aged

rocks of the Age of Reptiles on the west side. The whole area of Shabran region is covered with sedimentary

rocks.

Climate

According to the climate condition, the area of Shabran region can be divided into two parts. semi-

desert and dry climate type is superior on the east side of the region where flats are widely spread and

temperate warm climate type is superior on the west side where mountain relief forms are widely spread (as

per Keppens’ classification).

On the area that is situated on semi-desert and temperate warm climate type the average annual

rainfall quantity reaches to 300-350 mm; this forms 30-35% of the possible evaporation quantity.

Precipitation is distributed irregularly during the year. Most precipitation (70%) fall in the cold period

(October-March) of the year. The summer is warm and winter is moderate. The average annual temperature

of the weather is 12-13ºC. The area has big thermic resources.

Table 4.1 describes average monthly and annual amounts of the main climate elements of Shabran region

and on Pic. 4.1 wind flower is given. Because of non-existence of meteorological observation post in

Shabran region, the information is taken from Shabran post that is situated on the similar physical-

geographical condition. As it seems from Pic. 4.1 the north-west winds are superior in the region.

65

Table 4.1. Average monthly and annual amounts of the main climate elements (according to the Siyazan station information H=26 m)

№ Name of element I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Annual

1

Weather temperature, C0

a) average

1,4

2,0

4,4

9,5

16,0

21,0

24,3

24,0

19,9

14,2

8,7

4,1

12,5

b) absolute maximum 24 24 28 34 35 40 40 41 39 36 28 21 41

v) absolute minimum -18 -17 -9 -4 1 5 10 10 5 -4 -9 -14 -18

2 Rainfalls, mm 27 21 26 27 18 19 16 13 32 38 43 28 308

3 Wind speed, m/s 4,3 4,2 4,6 5,0 4,3 4,6 4,6 5,0 4,6 4,2 4,3 4,1 4,5

4 Absolute humidity of the weather,

mb 6,1 6,1 6,8 9,3 13,4 16,8 20,3 20,4 17,0 12,8 9,4 6,9 12,1

5 Relative humidity of the weather,

% 84 84 82 77 73 65 64 66 72 80 82 83 76

6 Humidity deficit, mb 1,2 1,2 1,6 3,2 5,6 9,7 11,3 10,5 6,8 3,4 2,0 1,5 4,8

66

Figure 4.1. Wind flower (according to the Siyazan station information)

Soil types

The height zoning is clearly seen in the distribution of soil types over the area.

In the arid and semiarid landscapes of the investigated area irrigated soils, sewage soils, boharic soils

and practically not cultivated versions of the meadow-brown, meadow-forest, meadow-grey-brown, grey-

brown, meadow-grey, flow-meadow (alluvial-meadow) soils cover a wide region area.

Information on the main soil types distributed in the area is given in the Table 4.2.

Table 4.2. Distributed soil types in Shabran region

№ Soil types Bonitet marks Area, ha

1 Mountain-meadow 90.00 3,870.00

2 Brown mountain-forest 86.00 22,320.00

3 Meadow brown 85.00 20,070.00

4 Mountain-grey-brown 59.00 36,720.00

5 Clay-yellow 94.00 6,840.00

6 Chestnut (not completely developed) 18.00 14,670.00

67

7 Meadow grey (irrigated) 68.00 27,270.00

8 Grey-brown 42.00 15,840.00

9 Alluvial-meadow 63.00 13,770.00

10 Marshy grassland 71.00 5,940.00

11 Sandy place 10.00 8,640.00

Total 63.00 175,950.00

70% of grey-brown soils, more than 80% of meadow-grey-brown and meadow-forest soils are

changed into agro-irrigation landscapes.

Formation of meadow-brown soils is connected with gound waters being situated close to the

surface. Irrigated meadow-brown soils have been completely changed into agrolandscapes.

Ecosystems

Natural landscape types

In Shabran region there are three main landscape types (ecosystem type):

1.Flat semi-desert ecosystem

2.Foothills semi-desert ecosystem

3.Forest ecosystem of low mountains

Semi-desert ecosystem of flat areas covers the territory between Samur-Absheron channel and

Caspian Sea. Foothills semi-desert ecosystem is distributed in the middle part of the region (200-600 m

heights).

Vegetative cover

The main part of semi-desert ecosystem plants are consisted of different types of wormwood, ethyl

alcohol ephemmeroids, etc. Depending on the soil-ecological condition of the area wormwood and ethyl

alocohol ephemmeroids together cover the soil surface from 25-30% up to 70-80%.

In rich rainfall spring season Poa Bulbusa, Dolium rigidum Ejand, Erodium cicaturium, and in dry

years Salsola dendroides are widely distributed. Semi-desert plant yield is not so high and usually changes

between 1-7 s/ha.

The low mountain forest zone stretches as a narrow belt between 500-600 m and 800-900 m height.

At the east of the zone due to dryness of the climate the upper border of the forests ascend up to 1200-1400

m (in some areas 1600 m) height. Oak and hornbeam trees are superior in the forests. Georgian (or Iberian)

oak seldom forms pure forest, but mainly with hornbeam and sometimes together with lime-tree. On flat

68

crests of the low mountain beddings and on gentle slopes there are oak forests. On other areas basically oak,

ash-tree and oak-hornbeam forests are superior.

Due to humidity increase on river valleys and hollows of low mountains lian pistachio-tree and

hornbeam forests are developed.

Under oak and oak-hornbeam forests complex structured little trees and bushes grow.

The animal world

Typical animals of semi-desert and dry fields are wolf, fox, jackal, rabbit, etc. Preyers occur close to

sheep-pens and villages, as well as in open semi-desert areas. Because of fox and jackal being mainly rodent

feeders, they usually live far away from settlements. Grey, chestnut and red coloured small fox (Vulpes

Alpheraklyi) feeding with insect and rodents are widely spread.

In semi-desert and dry fields from rodents badger, spotted or polecat (Vormela Sarmatica) and

weasel also occur in semi-desert and dry fiels areas, but rarely. Field mouse (Microtus Socialis), Red tail

mouse (Meriones crythrourusi), Bogdanov field mouse, Williams arab rabbit, small arab rabbit, grey

mountain mouse (Cricetulus Migratorius), house and forest mouses, sand mouse, rabbit are typical rodents of

semi-desert and dry fields. Here, from insect feedings lop-eared hedgehog, long-tailed white-toothed, stink

badger (Pachyure etrusca) considered as the smallest mammallia also occur.

In semi-desert and dry fields from birds stonebird (Ocnanthe isabelino), crested lark (Alanda

ciristata), grey lark, field lark, red duck, simple dove, etc. can be shown.

Reptiles commonly occur in semi-deserts and arid-denuded low mountains. Tortoise, some types of

lizards including snake-eyed lizard and others, occur.. Snakes are also widely spread: adder (Vipera labitina),

coluber jugularis, venomous snake, blind snake, feeding with insects (Contia collaris).

From amphibians only green land frog (Bufo Viridis) can be shown. There are many types of

different insects.

Tthe animal world the mountain forest zone is differs dramatically from other semi-desert zone in

terms of its landscape-ecological systems in Shabran. One of the rare animals of this place is forest cat.

In mountain-forest landscape badger and squirrel are rarely mentioned. Here, some types of mouses

and forest mousesrı, bush mouse, Caucasus mouse), shrew and other rodents are widely spread.

Mountain forests are dwelling place for black woodpecker, three types of many-coloured

woodpecker, snow bird, colourful nightingale, siskin, red throat. There are also water sparrow, long-tailed

tomtit (in winter months), grey eagleowl in this belt.

From reptiles, snake, rock lizard, grass-snake are mentioned in this belt.

Mountain forests are also rich with insects (dark blue proserus insect, blue alpine insect), forest bee

and snails.

69

Anthropogenic transformation of natural landscape

60% of semi-desert complexes are occupied by pasture and hayfield, 2,8% by agroirrigation (18,6%

grain, 4,2% vegetable, melon plantation) landscapes, 8,4% by technogen modifications (road, channel, gas,

oil pipe, current lines, etc.), 8,8% by river-beds, gorge, ravine, valley, etc. useless areas.

In the semi-desert zone, pipes, automobile and rail routes, electrical lines, irrigation channels and

other man-made modifications separate large areas of the natural environment into small parts. In some

places man-made developments (between Gilazi-Zarat) occupy over 25% area of semi-deserts.

Anthropogenic transformation of dry fields . Bushy-fields, second-fields, forest-bushy-fields

differ from each-other accroding to their anthropogenic degree. The anthropogenesis of black thorn,

wormwood bushy fields forming on grey-brown soils of sloping flats is equal to 0.78%. 35% of these

complexes is irrigated garden, 47% is irrigated garden- plantation, hayfield and 18% are technogen

modifications.

Modern anthropogenesis of high sloping flats, forest-field and fields of river terraces reaches to 0,85

and of weak decomposited, wide terraced fields to 0,9. Analysis of cartographic information referring to the

20th century shows that all these fields arose as the result of destruction of old forests where oak was

superior.

Anthropogenic transformation of intrazonal landscapes. These complexes differ with their both

high natural dynamic and sharp anthropogenesis. At the beginning of 20th century lowland intrazonal

complexes occupied more than 70% of area only in Samur-Davachi . As a result of anthropogenic

transformation of natural landscapes flat forests have been replaced with forest-bushes, forest-meadows,

bogs, meadows, meadow-bushes and different anthropogenic modifications. Forest, forest-bushes and

forest-meadow complexes – frequently undergo to anthropogenic impacts around settlements, big railway

and automobile terraces.

Meadow-bog and flat-meadow complexes are one of the the most aggravated anthropogenesis unit

of region. Average anthropogenesis coefficient changes are between 0,7-0,8. Only around Agzibirchala is

this indicator significantly lower (0,2-0,4), while in old river-bed and hollow cavity flats it is 0,6, and

between Garachay-Jagajugchay in bog-meadows using small areal hayfields it is is 0,7.

Underground and surface waters

Surface waters

The main rivers of Shabran region are Shabranchay, Davachichay and Gilgilchay. At the north of

region the low flow of Valvalachay separates Shabran from Guba region.

Main chemical content of water of some of rayon rivers is described at Table 4.3

70

Table 4.3. Main chemical content of water of Siyazan rayon rivers Shabran rayon rivers

N İon content, mg/eq Dry

residue

Type pH

River NCO3 CL SO4 Ca Mg Na

Davachichay

4.30 2.00 1.90 4.00 3.00 1.20 0.58 Hydro

Carbon

Calsium

7.0

Gilgilchay

3.30 1.20 2.30 3.00 2.00 1.80 0.500 Sulphate-

Hydro

Carbom

Both rivers by the information of Ministry of Ecology are polluted at a certain degree.

Main morphometric and flow characteristics of these rivers have been given on Table 4.4 and flow sources

on Table 4.5.

Table 4.4. Average long-term and extremal water use of rivers

N River post

Annual

flow

norm,

m3/s

Maximum

water use,

m3/s

Minimum

water use,

m3/s

Water

catchment

area, km2

Average height

of basin, m

I Valvalachay

1.

Valvalachay -Nohur

flat 2,88 80,4 0,088 210 2020

2.

Valvalachay -Tanga-

Alti 4,45 256 0,18 454 1870

II Shabran çay

3. Shabranchay-Zeyva 0,17 49,1 0 29,8 1150

III Davachichay

4.

Davachichay-

Khalfalar 0,37 176 0 132 760

IV Gilgilchay

5.

Kharmidorchay-

Khaltan 0,31 20,6 0,002 42,4 1380

6. Gilgilchay-Jalagan 0,74 110 0 696 (920)

Note: Both of hydrological stations on Valvalachay are in Guba region.

71

Valvalachay arises from interflow of Babachay and Jimichay rivers and begins from 2920 m height.

Its length is 98 km, basin area is 628 km2, average altitude is 1495.

Forest occupies 78 km2

area in the basin. Average inclination of Valvalachay is 30,1 ‰ and river

network density is 0,84 km/km2. It has high-water spring and high-water flood autumn regime.

Table 4.5. Flow sources of the rivers

N River station Snow waters, % Rain waters, % Ground waters, %

I Valvalachay

1.

Valvalachay-Nohur

flat 40 36 24

2.

Valvalachay –Tanga-

Altı 35 27 38

II Shabrançay

3. Shabrançay-Zeyva 8 68 24

III Davachichay

4.

Davachichay-

Khalfalar 5 75 20

IV Gilgilchay

5.

Kharmidorchay-

Khaltan 14 50 36

6. Gilgilchay-Jalagan

In the chemical content of Valvalachay water hydrocarbonate anion and calcium cation are superior.

Mineralization degree changes between 450-550 mg/l.

Water resources of Valvalachay are used in irrigation and the feeding of Samur-Absheron channel.

There is Valvala water-power station with 230 kvt power in the river.

Shabranchay. Arises from combination of springs flowing from east slope of Klit mountain of

llateral spine (on 1680 m altitude). The river flows to Agzibir port situated on 4 km north-east from Sarvan

village. It is high water flood river.

Its water is hydrocarbonated calcium and mineralization degree on average is 500 mg/l. Water

resources are used mainly in irrigation.

Davachichay. Arises from combination of Zahlinchay flowing from Katandan chain that is the main

part of lateral spine and Piribadilchay (on 1530 m altitude) and flows into Agzibir port.

72

It is high water flood river and its main food sources are rain waters. Ground water part is 20%, snow

water part is only 5% (Table 4.4).

Water quality in the upper river is comparatively good, and is of hydrocarbonated-calcium water type

and with mineralization between 435-640 mg/l. On lower flow the river water is polluted with sewage.

Gilgilchay starts from Gulumdostu mountain (on 1980 m altitude). It is also high water flood river.

The mineralization degree of water reaches to 920 mg/l. Water resources are using mainly in irrigation.

Underground waters

The area of Shabran region is mainly consisting of clayey rocks of palaeogene and neogene periods.

Local occurrences of sands, gravels and limestones are common, but these are of limited extent and do not

support the formation of significant groundwater resources. Accordingly, both ground and aretsian water

resources in the region are limited. Groundwater plays a role in feeding the rivers of the area (see Table 4.4),

but their role is small in comparison with other sources of water that feed the rivers and in arid years in

summer monthes these rivers dry up.

In the foothills of Gilgilchay basin there are fresh and little mineralized ground water resources.

According to the assessments the resources of these waters are 1000 m3/day.

According to the information of amelioration JSC the mineralization of ground waters between the rail road

and the Caspian Sea is below 3.0 mq/l. The ground waters are of two types: Hydro Carbonate – Calcium

and Sulphate-Hydrocarbonate –Calcium- Magnesium waters .

4.2. Social-economic character of Project area

Economical-geographical position

Shabran region is one of the five administrative regions (Shabran, Khachmaz, Guba, Gusar, Siyazan)

of Guba-Khachmaz economical-geographical region. The area of Shabran region is 1088 km2 and population

is 51.2 thousand.

Shabran region is situated on north-east of Republic. The economical-geographical position of the

region is very advantageous from a development perspective. Transportation and communication lines pass

through the region going from Azerbaijan to Russia and other CIS countries to the north; also, the proximity

of Shabran to the highly developed industrial centre plays an important role in developing the economy of

the region. The transport network of the region is represented by rail, automobile, pipe-line transport types.

The passing of main rail-automobile lines through the region, and also the direct access of the region to the

sea create very good economic development conditions. As an indicator of development potential, the Baku-

73

Khachmaz-Darband railway line that passes through Shabran recorded an increase in freight and passengers

of 2 – 2.5 times in the 1995 – 1996 period.

Population

Population dynamics in Shabran region is given in Table 4.6.

Table 4.6. Increase dynamics of population number in Shabran region (thousand persons)

Area 1

st of January situation

1990 1995 2000 2005 2009

Republic of Azerbaijan 7131.9 7643.5 8032.8 8447.3 8896.9

City population 3847.3 4005.6 4116.4 4477.6 4818.3

Village population 3284.6 3637.9 3916.4 3969.7 4078.6

Guba-Khachmaz economic

region – total 373.7 417.8 445.3 465.9 487.0

City population 123.1 134.6 138.9 154.8 165.8


Shabran region 39.3 44.1 46.4 48.6 51.2

City population 19.0 20.5 20.5 21.2 22.2


As identified in Table 4.6 most peoplein Shabran region live in villages and the urbanization level is

43%. The birth rate of the region was 22.9 per 1000 people in the 1990’s, but this has dropped to 10.7 births

per 1000 more recently. The average density of population is 47 people per km2. The working population is

34% of the tota population.

Shabran attracts immigrants from other CIS countries. Displaced persons from Nagorno-Karabakh are

also inhabit the region. Displaced persons having limited economic means and faced with unemployment are

among the most vulnerable groups in society in Shabran region.

Economic-social situation

In Shabran region approximately 75% of employed persons work in state sector. There are 8 industrial

and 12 agricultural institutions; 9 of them are state owned and 11 are private sector owned. The average

74

monthly salary is 207.9 AZN. The average salary in the state sector is approximately 50% lower than the

regional average, and in private sector is approximately 50% higher than the regional average.

The social-economic indicators of the region are given in Table 4.7.

Table 4.7. The social-economic indicators of Shabran region.

Number of doctors, person

63 Number of infant schools 3

Number of doctors per 10000

persons

12.3 Number of children there,

person

205

Number of average medical

workers, person

239 Number of children against 100

places in infant schools

158

Number of average medical

workers per 10000 persons

46.8 Internal general education

schools 49

Number of hospitals

3 Number of pupils there, person 8425

Number of hospital beds

280

Industrial activity focuses on oil-gas production, other local raw material resources, food industries

and hardware production. In addition, there is a carpet factory in Shabran. Local inhabitants are mainly

busy with grain-growing, vegetable-growing and cattle-breeding, however. At recent times wheat planting is

considerable increased (Table 4.8). Over Shabran region production of plant-growing crops and productivity

on agriclutural spheres are given in Tables 4.8, 4.9, 4.10 ,4.11 and 4.12.

Table 4.8. Sowing areas over Shabran region, ha

№ Sowing areas 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

1 Sowing areas of grain

and grain beans 6791 9737 11580 12046 12039 8851 8245

2 Wheat sowing area 5366 8300 9697 9944 9751 6208 5008

3 Barley sowing area 1406 1390 1862 2074 2259 2592 3076

4 Maize sowing area for

grain 16 44 18 25 26 48 141

5 Sowing area of

foodstuff melon

plantation

9 12 14 14 10 11 8

6 Potato sowing area 65 114 117 120 128 124 125

7 Vegetable sowing area 707 784 787 883 843 838 915

8 Sowing area of

foodstuff melon

plantation

9 12 14 14 10 11 8

9 Orchard sowing area 510 511 510 782 788 898 1026

10 Vineyard sowing area 277 205 204 38 30 58 140

75

Table 4.8. Production of plant-growing crops over Shabran region, ton

№ Production field 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

1 Production of grain

and grain beans 11594 23777 28390 30683 30807 17484 15649

2 Wheat production 9750 20415 23762 25967 25633 11452 9729

3 Barley production 1819 3314 4581 4658 5114 5932 5695

4 Maize production for

grain 21 43 41 53 55 95 217

5 Beet-sugar

production 190

6 Sunflower production

for grain 10

7 Potato production 274 544 568 578 577 579 582

8 Vegetable production 4200 5975 6263 6818 6823 7008 7654

9 Production of

foodstuff melon

plantation

86 31 36 39 36 41 42

10 Fruit production 592 614 655 725 727 742 746

11 Grape production 1351 606 618 628 764 767 773

Table 4.9. Productivity on agricultural fields in Shabran region, cent/ha

№ Productivity 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

1 Grain productivity 17.1 24.4 24.5 25.5 25.6 19.8 19.0

2 Wheat productivity 18.2 24.6 24.5 26.1 26.3 18.4 19.4

3 Barley productivity 12.9 23.8 24.6 22.5 22.6 22.9 18.5

4 Maize productivity

for grain 13.1 9.8 22.8 21.2 21.2 19.8 15.4

5 Beet-sugar

productivity 20

6 Sunflower

productivity for

grain

1

7 Potato productivity 42 48 48 48 45 47 47

8 Vegetable

productivity 59 76 80 77 81 84 84

9 Productivity of

foodstuff melon

plantation

96 26 26 28 36 37 53

10 Fruit productivity 12.1 12 12.8 11.4 11.1 11.1 11

11 Grape productivity 48.8 26 26.6 177.7 242 215.2 137.4

One of the specialized fields of the region is cattle-breeding. In flat areas milk-beef cattle breeding, in

foothills and mountainous areas sheep-breeding is developed (Table 4.10).

Table 4.10. Number of cattle in Shabran (thousands)

Cattle-breeding

fields 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Cow and bufallo 10448 10743 10796 10239 10323 10655 11378

Sheep and goat 32085 35290 35599 35745 36233 37277 41852

In broiler enterprises of Shabran chicken and eggs are producing (Table 4.10).

76

Table 4.11 Animal produce production in Shabran region

№ Production fields 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

1 Meat production, ton

(undercut) 719 4575 3868 4777 5217 8139 8502

2 Milk production, ton 10408 11821 10755 10819 10820 10821 10889

3 Egg production,

thousand 2657 1794 2500 2506 1456 1457 18852

4 Wool production, ton 57 59 53 56 57 58 58

4.3. Significant changes in Project area

In Shabran region reestablishment of Water Supply and Sewerage systems take into account the

following construction works:

1. For Water Supply system;

Construction of reservoirs;

Construction of pump stations;

Lay on water supply lines.

2. For Sewerage System

Construction of sewage cleaning structures

Installation of lines (main waterway) removing sewage

According to the FS report in the region 4 new reservoirs must be constructed [. Three of them have

been constructed already. The volume of each is 500 m3 and these reservoirs are on the west side of new

Baku-Guba highway. A sanitary zone has been established around each of these reservoirs.

All three reservoirs are constructed on the slope of hilly territory.

One more reservoir will be constructed in Baku II water pipe sanitary zone on the property of the

Water Kanal of Shabran region. The volume of this reservoir will be 1000 m3; currently, the location of this

reservoir is undeveloped and is covered with natural grass and bushes; one house is located on the south side

of this location. It is planned to construct two pump stations. One of them will be constructed on the west

bank of Samur-Absheron channel (approximately in the distance of 8 m from channel).

The sesond pump station is intended for drawing water from reservoir N2 into the reservoir N3.

A sewage treatment structure will be constructed on undeveloped land 2 km east of Shabran city. The

local population use this territory as pasture and partly hayfields. There are no residences nearby.

77

The main water supply and sewerage lines will be installed parallel to each-other under the streets of

the city. One part of existing water supply network will be retained, but sewerage system will be completely

reestablished.

Because the reestablishment of Water Supply and Sewerage systems will take place throughout the

city, works connected with their installation will impact on all townspeople. It is clear, however, that

negative impacts impacts related to construction will be strongest on residents living directly by streets

where work is undertaken, and comparatively weak on population living on distant streets. In addition,

negative impacts will be felt by people travelling through areas where construction takes place.

4.4. Information reliability

There are three main sources of used information in preparing of report:

1. Existing web-sites, questionnaire, scientific literature;

2. Visual field investigation;

3. Experts’ investigation objects and knowledges on environment and generalization skills.

Information on physical-geographical condition, geological structure, soil cover, ecosystems,

vegetative and animal worlds of the region have been taken from appropriate monographs and “Atlas of

Azerbaijan”.

Main sources of information on climate, surface and ground waters of the territory have been taken

from different questionnaires of National Hydrometeorology and Department of Monitoring of Environment

and they are the results of monitorings conducted on last years.

General information on social-economic situation of the region have been taken from relative

monographs and web-site of State Statistics Committee.

Information on Water Supply and Sewerage System structures (reservoirs, pump stations, water

cleaning structure, water supply lines, etc.) that will be constructed and renewed in the territory have been

taken from TES reports FS implemented by Gauff and Temelsu JV consortium , also as the result of Eptisa

and Hydrometeorological Consulting organizations experts’ visual field review, which was undertaken in

June 2010

Members of the EIA project team have implemented scientific-investigation works and realized

projects in different regions of Azerbaijan, including in Shabran region. In preparation of reports, gathering,

processing, analyzing and generalization of information they used their knowledge and skills.

The quality and exactness of information used in preparation of report can be considered as

generally satisfactory. However, it is be noted that there is limited information on fauna where the water

treatment plant will be constructed.

78

5. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

5.1 Environmental Issues

The boundaries of the EIA study are defined in two ways:

The boundaries of the project service area are defined by the boundaries of Shabran city and nearby

villages in Shabran Rayon.

The boundaries of the specific facilities to be established through the project are defined by the facilities

themselves and the area of potential impact adjacent to them. The area of potential impact differs for

different potential impacts (e.g. the area of potential impact associated with visual impacts is greater than

the area of potential impact associated with land use disturbance), and these will be defined in the EIA

study in association with the nature of the potential impacts themselves.

The EIA study reflects project boundaries according to each of these considerations.

As described above the Project documentation has identified the following environment-related problems

associated with existing WSS systems in Shabran region:

The untreated waste waters are liable to pollute groundwater and, in wet periods, surface water.

Land and atmosphere air pollution by the effect of untreated waters discharged to open areas, posing a

health threat on the local population.

Leakages from old WS facilities (including water losses as a result of accidental breakage of old

pipelines) and also inefficiency of water use lead to drinking water shortage by volume and time scales.

Discharge of untreated industrial wastes (including medical) represents an immediate public health risk.

Little effort is made to reduce, reuse or recycle waste waters discharged to the sewage collector..

Absence of water meters lead to inefficient use of drinking water, including its use for irrigation and

other purposes

There is need to provide irrigation water supply from Samur- Absheron canal for lower tariffs than

drinking water

The proposed project is intended to address these problems. Therefore, the primary environmental

improvements associated with the proposed project will be the creation of an environmentally sound WSS

system that eliminates these problems to the extent feasible. The major environmental risks associated with

project implementation are as follows:

Proposed facilities are not in fact designed or constructed properly, either because sites are not

sufficiently investigated to ensure that appropriate designs are undertaken, or because of

inadequate design and/or construction supervision.

Proposed facilities are not operated properly, either because management or operational staff are

inadequately trained or because inadequate financial resources are available to maintain the water

management system following the investment.

The main socio-economic risks relate to the potential negative impact of the project during construction: the

project may disrupt the community for an extended period during its construction. Disruptions at the

residential level may occur as a result of the noise and dust associated with construction, and disruptions to

local economic activity may occur as a result difficulty in crossing construction zones and difficulty in

accessing business locations.

79

5.2. Potential Positive Project Impacts

The primary objective of the project is to improve the health and livelihoods of the urban communities

through the provision of safe, potable quality and adequate water supply and sanitation.

Based on the feasibility study document the following indicators will be followed:

Secure supply with potable water meeting World Health Organization (WHO) and/or national quality

standards

Continuous water supply for 24 hours per day

Supply of each user with sufficient water for domestic needs

Water distribution system workable under operation pressures with low leakage rates

Safe collection and treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater and reduction of aquifer

pollution

Compliance of water supply facilities, sewer system and wastewater treatment plant based on

international and/or Azeri standards(Annex 6).

Affordable Water Supply and Sanitation Prices for consumers and within determined service tariffs

Minimum use of natural resources to keep the impact of WSS measures on the environment at

minimum level during implementation and maintenance

Implementation of an Action Plan that will upgrade and improve the sustainability in the Rayon centers

through application of a new, efficient and appropriately sized water and sanitation infrastructure ,

strengthening of local know how and capacity to deliver and maintain water supply and sanitation services ,

developing a sense of local ownership through community participation

In general expected project benefits in the project area are :

Prevention of the Ground and Surface Water Pollution

Protection of the Public Health

Prevention of Wasting of Water Resources and Energy

Prevention of the Soil Pollution and Supply of Free Fertilizers to Farmers

5.3 Potential Negative Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures

In this section, negative environmental impacts are identified, and the significance of hose impacts

is assessed.

An objective methodology is therefore required to permit assessment of the potential significance of

environmental issues.

The Feasibility Study Consultant carried out the initial environmental assessment for the Category A type

project. In the following the initial environmental assessment has been carried out in order to evaluate the

effects of the proposed solution. In this part first, the “Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist” was

filled for both sewerage and water supply systems. This checklist summarizes existing project area in

Shabran and potential environmental impacts, which projects may cause. The checklist can be seen in the

following table(Table 5.1).

80

Table 5.1. Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist

QUESTIONS Yes No Notes

A. Project site

Project area...

Densely populated? X

Involved in development projects? X

Close to temporary reserves or

including?

X

Cultural heritage X

Protection zone X

Swamp area X

Estuary X

Buffer zone of protected area X

Special zone to protect biodiversities X

Bay X

B. Potential Environmental Impacts

Will this project cause impacts...?

Damage to historical/cultural

monuments /areas?

X

There are no cultural facilities and

archeological monuments in the direct

project zone. If any historical-cultural

areas are to be recorded in the project

zone in the future, proper measures are

to be taken in accordance with

Environmental Management Plan

(EMP).

These measures should ensure

protection of historical archeological

excavations and cultural heritage of

national and international value.

Constraint to other enterprises and

access to buildings; noise, bad smell

related disturbance to neighboring

areas and flow of rodents, insects etc.?

X

It is expected that project related

impacts during the construction works

will be temporary, short-term and

insignificant. The contractor should

consider and take adequate measures to

build temporary alternative roads,

passages and relevant infrastructure to

ensure access of people, reduce

distribution of noise, bad odor and reach

of wastewater to other sites.

resettlement or necessary relocation of

local people

X

The project doesn’t include relocation

of local people. It is also unlikely to

result in loss of real estate, income

sources and settlement areas. In case of

temporary or permanent withdrawal of

land owned by people during

construction of water pipes or sewage

lines, the losses will be compensated in

accordance with relevant legislation of

Azerbaijan republic.

damage to quality of downstream water

in case of discharge of improperly

treated or untreated wastewater?

X

Currently there is no adequate source

for discharge of treated wastewater.

Wastewater flows are usually

discharged into open areas without any

treatment which cause pollution of

81

surface and ground water sources.

It is believed that in the future the

treated wastewater will be discharged

into dry river bed or reused for

irrigation purposes. If reused for

irrigation, then in the periods out of

irrigation season treated wastewater

might cause damage to environment and

health of people. Therefore, level of

treatment shall be adjusted depending

on the conditions of reuse and

discharge.

The wastewater flows will be treated to

comply with the Surface Water

Protection requirements of BOD205-

3mg/l. So, 24 hour aeration process is

envisaged with the application of full

biological treatment. Wastewater flows

treated up to BOD20= 20mg/l will

undergo full retreatment in the natural

pools.

Flooding of private properties with

untreated wastewater

X

Project includes construction of

wastewater treatment works somewhere

outside the urban area. The structures

will comply with the modern

technological standards and the process

of construction will be supervised by

the technical expertise. The operation

and maintenance of the structure will be

carried out by the qualified operator

adhering to relevant technological

schemes, design parameters and

normative acts. The situations causing

flooding the neighbouring settlements

and private property, other than natural

disasters and technical breakages are

unlikely.

Environmental pollution due to

improper sludge operation or discharge

of industrial wastewater into public

sewage system?

X

Sludge produced by wastewater

treatment will be processed properly.

Sludge processing shall ensure full

liquidation of its pollutant and harmful

compositions.

If sludge will be used for agricultural

purposes, the proper processing will be

included in the wastewater treatment

process and respond to relevant

sanitary-hygiene norms.

If sludge will not be used in agriculture,

it will be processed accordingly, stored

in sludge fields and buried in the areas

agreed with Rayon Executive Power

and sanitary center.

The body responsible for the

maintenance of the treatment plant and

sanitary-hygiene department will

control discharge of inadmissible

82

harmful substances, wastes and

materials into the sewage collector.

Noise and vibration due to explosions

and other construction works?

X

Construction works will be carried out

in accordance with bidding process. It

will be implemented with due

compliance with specifications,

ecological and sanitary norms and

regulations. The quality and scope of

works will be supervised by PIU and

selected consultants. The constructor

will take necessary measures in due

time, with a view not to exceed

allowable level of noise and vibration.

Discharge of toxic substance into

sewage system which may damage the

system and harm workers health?

X

Inadequacy of contractor’s project

related activities may cause damage to

environment, staff health, and health

security of local people, including

discharge of toxic chemical substances

to sewage collectors which may lead to

bad consequences. The organization of

works in accordance with the best

practices and implementation of

trainings for the local staff are the key

components to eliminate or mitigate

adverse environmental impacts and risk

to human health.

Buffer zone to mitigate noise or other

potential damages to surrounding

locations and supply structures with

protection zones?

X

Presently there are no protection

lines/buffer zones around existing

sewage structures and pumping stations.

The planned new structures or

rehabilitation of existing ones will

require allocation of sanitary protection

zone as indicated in the sanitary-

hygiene norms. The planting of trees to

provide a fence around these zones and

implementation of other adequate

arrangements will contribute mitigation

of noise, vibration and other potential

impacts.

Conflicts between construction staff

from other areas and local workers?

X

Social studies implemented in the

project zone show the sufficiency of

local labour force with different

disciplines. One of the project outcomes

is the creation of new temporary and

permanent employments. Thus, local

expertise must be favoured in the

process of employment. Any conflicts

resulted on any grounds will be

resolved under procedures of

Management of Social Impacts.

Traffic closures and temporary

flooding of roads due to earth

excavation works and during rainfall

seasons?

X

It is expected that construction of water

supply and sanitation system implies

enormous earth excavation works. The

contractor will plan the work phases,

provide temporary roads for local

population, protect surrounding areas

83

from flooding due to excavation works

and take proper actions to handle

excavated material.

Noise and dust caused by construction

works?

X

Noise and dust caused by construction

works will be mitigated by the

application of best ecological practices.

These measures may include

implementation of works during

ordinary working hours and application

of noise silencers. Noise production rate

cannot exceed 65 dB in the daytime and

45 dB in the dark hours in accordance

with Azerbaijani standards and norms.

The dust distribution must be eliminated

by minimum application of machines

and mechanisms producing disturbing

noise, watering of the construction site,

provision of coatings over dusty

materials and temporary fences and

other methods.

Traffic constraints due to

transportation of construction materials

and wastes?

X

Construction works must be organized

in such a way that they don’t cause

constraints to normal traffic and extra

noise.

In order to avoid pollution of central

urban areas excavated materials will be

transported through alternative

secondary roads rather than main

highways. (to be agreed with rayon

SRP).

Excavation of temporary silt?

X

One of the environmental impacts is the

silt and other earth materials generated

due to construction works.

Such materials will be handled in

accordance with the EMP, surrounded

to ensure flow to other areas, covered

(if necessary) and discharge to areas as

agreed with the Rayon Executive

Power.

Health risks due to flooding and

groundwater pollution due to sewage

line deterioration?

X

Treatment structures will be operated in

compliance with the relevant guidelines

and standard documents. These

structures will be provided with

emergency outlets in cases of breakages

and other damages. Emergency outlets

will be used with the prior awareness of

the adequate local bodies.

The emergency plan of the operator of

the treatment structure will include

early warning of unexpected emergency

situations.

Damage to water quality due to bad

sludge treatment or discharge of

wastewater without treatment?

X

The plant should include internal

laboratory to ensure operation of

treatment structures in compliance with

the relevant ecological and sanitary

norms and adherence to permissible

84

pollution level of the treated water

content.

The operation of these structures will

also be followed by the local sanitary

agencies and MENR regional

departments.

Pollution of surface and groundwater

sources due to sludge accumulations?

X

Negligence of control of sludge

accumulation in ecologically vulnerable

areas can increase risk of pollution of

surface and groundwater sources. The

contractor will apply best practices to

mitigate such risks.

Risks to health of operation staff

resulting from toxic gases, harmful

substances, including pathogens in the

wastewater and sludge residues?

X

Wastewater operation staff should

follow adequate technological

instructions and sanitary norms in daily

working hours and be provided with

relevant safety uniforms and facilities.

The security experts of wastewater

treatment plant are responsible for safe

working conditions and training of

operation staff on security issues.

Conflicts of raw water supply with the

consumers of other surface and

groundwater sources? X

The supply of water will surely affect

the capacity of the supply source but

have no conflicting factor with other

water consumers.

Supply of unreliable raw water

(including extra pathogens and mineral

compositions)?

X

Water sources meeting potable water

norms and having required flow rates

approved by the government, including

necessary technical, economical,

financial, and ecological requirements

are seen as reliable alternative sources.

The project excludes investigation of

sources irrelevant to the above

indicators.

Delivery of irrelevant water flows into

the distribution system?

X

The development of operation

department must ensure adherence to

the wastewater treatment operation

procedures and exclude any delivery of

irrelevant and inadequate to water

standards water flows into the

distribution system.

Irrelevant protection of intake

structures or wells resulting in

pollution of water supply?

X

A sanitary-protection zone is envisaged

for water supply source to be selected

through comparison of different

alternatives meeting technical,

ecological, financial and ecological

conditions and adequate structures to be

built on this source. This zone will

ensure any discharge of wastes or

substances and illegal access to the

selected water supply facilities.

Oversupply of groundwater flows

resulting in soil salinization and ground

setting?

X

The project studies will prioritize water

sources with sufficient flow capacity

and adequate quality (rivers, main water

pipelines etc.), including artesian wells.

85

The risk of soil salinization or ground

settling will be determined by adequate

geological investigations.

Overgrowth of water-plants in the

water reservoir?

X Growth of water plants on the walls and

bed of water reservoirs is unlikely.

Production of wastewater flows which

surpass design capacity of domestic

sewage system?

X

Improvement of water supply will

certainly increase production of

domestic wastewater flows in the

project towns. However, project

activities include construction of

adequate sanitation system and

wastewater treatment structures which

will prevent environmental pollution

with additional wastewater flows.

Risks resulting from inadequate design

of structures envisaged for purchase,

storage and application of chlorine and

other toxic chemicals?

X

The chlorine to be applied in the

primary production structures and water

reservoirs and transportation, storage

and application of reagents to be used

for water cleaning purposes and

laboratory analyses will be carried out

in accordance with the ‘National

Strategy on the Management of

Hazardous Substances and Wastes of

the Republic of Azerbaijan’, including

inventory of these substances. The

given provision excludes any adverse

impact of these substances on adequate

staff and local population.

Health risks due to application of

chlorine and other substances to

disinfect water?

X

Chlorine and other reagents to be used

for disinfection of potable water is

unlikely to cause any health risks

because the staff working with such

substances will have necessary

knowledge of behaviour with such

substances and follow adequate

guidelines and instructions.

Risks of inadequate water supply and

disproportionate chlorination in the

distribution system due to bad

operation and maintenance (siltation of

filters)?

X

The project envisages full replacement

of pipes, structures and other facilities

of water supply and sanitation system of

the project area and their maintenance

in accordance with the best practices

and laboratory analyses of potable water

supplied to urban population. The

application of new operation model to

the water supply facilities will cause

operational and service improvement of

this sector. In line with above notes it is

not likely that the level of chlorine in

the water flows supplied to local

population will increase permissible

levels.

Delivery of water to corroded

distribution network due to negligence

of proper proportionate application of

chemical substances?

X

Modern and more reliable construction

materials (polymer pipes etc.) will be

used in the reconstruction of the water

supply and sanitation system which will

ensure proper operation of distribution

86

system and its corrosion resistance.

Unexpected leakage of gas chlorine?

X

Transportation, storage and application

of any chemical substances to be used

for disinfection of potable water will be

carried out in accordance with the

adequate guidelines. The adherence to

such guidelines will prevent any

leakages.

Oversupply of water to the downstream

consumers?

X

According to the current studies

existing water sources used for water

supply are irrelevant, with negligence

for physical-chemical treatment which

causes health risks. The improvement

of water supply and sanitation system

will cause no risk for downstream

consumers.

In addition to the findings in above table for comparison also a semi-quantitative analysis has been

undertaken to further evaluate potential environmental impacts., and Accordingly, “Valued environmental

components” (VEC’s) are determined and ranked according to whether they are “high”, “medium” or “low”

( Table 5.2). Each of the environmental components identified in the Table has been identified during the

consultations or as a result of technical analysis. Valued environmental components that are valued as

“high” are those that are broadly important across society. VEC’s that are ranked as “medium” are those that

are important at a community level, but are of limited significance at a wider level. VEC’s that are ranked as

“low” are significant at a localised level1

The table evaluates the significance of potential impacts with respect to each VEC. The “significance of

potential environmental effects” is ranked based on the intrinsic potential of the identified potential effects to

impact the VEC’s. As identified in the Table, the potential significance of possible project effects is ranked

as “high” for most of the VEC’s that are highly valued. However, the significance of project impacts on land

use is considered to be “medium” since the amount of land in question is limited, some future land uses

would be enhanced (and development costs lowered) by facility development and specific alternate land

uses have not been proposed.

The significance of potential project effects on VEC’s ranked as “medium” varies. In some cases, potential

project effects are ranked as “high” and in other cases as “medium”. This recognises that the project may

have effects ranked as “high” or “medium” even though these effects may be on VEC’s that are not

themselves ranked as “high”; these effects will be important to address to ensure that the project does not

disadvantage the communities in which facilities are located. The project has only “low” potential with

1 The identification and priority assigned to a VEC has been informed by the public consultations that took

place in June 2010.

87

respect to the location of reservoirs and treatment plant facilities to impact property values, however, since

Shabran community is located in a distance from the proposed site.

VEC’s ranked as “low” are those that are relevant at the scale of individual property owners and users of the

land on which proposed facilities are proposed to be located. Notwithstanding that they are considered as

“low” from the perspective of society as a whole, they may be of the highest importance to the individuals

and their families who depend on the proposed site locations for their livelihood. Potential project impacts

on VEC’s at this level are “high”, since the project has potential to seriously disrupt both the livelihoods of

those who use the land as well as the amenity values they associate with the land.

Table 5.2 also identifies the availability of mitigation measures. As indicated in the table, mitigation

measures are available to address all potential negative effects identified during the period of the preparation

of this document.

Mitigation measures may be at the level of facility siting, design, construction and operation, and may

include physical, financial, institutional or other measures. An environmental monitoring plan will ensure

that all measures are appropriately undertaken and that required environmental standards are maintained.

This will document the nature and frequency of the monitoring required. For the WWTP site, environmental

monitoring will include a schedule for regular monitoring for key indicators of contamination.

Check points, terms of selection of samples of waste water and main indicators of its content are defined in

each specific case at designing and they are specified at operation of irrigation systems in agreement with

local control bodies.

Analysis of content of sludge of waste water is conducted before use of it . Background content of heavy

metals in soil isn’t high and sludge meets demands for irrigation use on fields.

During the treatment process environmental quality standards should be followed. Treated waste waters can

be used for irrigation or discharged to local drainage canal. Salty waters from irrigation fields enter into

collector. Sometimes high amount of pesticides enter into collector.

WSS SHABRAN JULY 2010

EIA SCOPING STUDY 88

Table 5.2 :Valued Environmental Components and Potential Negative Effects

VALUED ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS SIGNIFICANCE OF POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS AVAILABILITY OF

MITIGATION MEASURES Priority Environmental Component Potential Negative Project Effects Potential Significance of

Effect*

Construction Phase Phase

High Ground and surface water Pollution of ground and surface water High Measures available

Land Use Long term reduction of choices for land development at

the area

Medium Measures available

Natural habitat Disturbance of the natural habitat due to construction

related noise, dust, non-seasonal works, unprocessed

residues and etc.

Loss of natural areas due to construction works.

Medium

Low

Measures available

Measures not avaiilable

Flora and fauna Earthworks, operation of machines, noise and etc.;

Losses or degradations during and after construction

works, non-seasonal works, change of ecological

situation etc.


Drinking water quality Pollution of drinking water sources High Measures available

Cultural heritage Loss of cultural heritage Medium Measures available

Public health Injury from use of harmful substances in construction

(paints with heavy metal, lead compositions), asbestos-

cement slabs, inflammable and toxic materials etc.)

High Measures available

Air quality Dust, gases/aerosol associated with construction (toxic

gasses discharged by construction machineries, wind

blown construction materials etc.)


Soil Contamination of soil from land disposal of construction

wastes

Low Landfill for disposal of wastes

is not available

Traffic/construction vehicle

impacts

Increased level of truck/construction vehicle traffic in

communities


Odour, dust and noise impacts

from construction activities

Odour, dust and noise impact at staff and off-site receptors Medium Measures available

Medium Environmental pollution form

WWTP

Environmental pollution due to improper sludge operation

or discharge of industrial wastewater into public sewage

system

Low Measures available





Effect*

Socio-economic stability Inability of local communities to pay for services High Measures available

Public health Health risks from unprocessed wastes;

Use of harmful substances by users of the WSS system

(paints with heavy metal, lead compositions, toxic

materials etc.)


Soil Contamination of soil from land disposal of sludge;

Possibility of erosion related to wastewater discharge;


Flooding of sewage system Production of wastewater flows which surpass design

capacity of domestic sewage system as a result of increase

of water supply

High Measures available, except that

landfill for disposal of wastes

is not available

Odour impacts from wastewater

treatment plant site activities

Odour impacts on nearby properties High Measures available

Reduction of land in productive

agricultural use

Reduced land availability for grazing and crops Medium Measures available

Limitations on future

development

Reduction of development options (reservoirs, WWTP

area)


Limitations on future

development


area)


Environmental pollution form

WWTP construction

Soil, air and/or water pollution from improper storage of

construction materials

Medium Measures avaiilable

Operational Phase

High Socio-economic stability Inability of community to pay for facilities High Measures available

Reduction in property values Low Measures available

Public health Health risks from sludge disposed as waste High Landfill to protect public

health from health risks

related to waste not avaiilable

Soil Contamination of soil from land disposal of sludge

High Landfill to protect soil quality

from contamination related to

waste not avaiilable

Possibility of soil erosion related to wastewater

discharge;






Effect*

Flooding of sewage system Production of wastewater flows which surpass design

capacity of domestic sewage system as a result of increase

of water supply

High Measures availableMeasures

available, except that landfill

for disposal of wastes is not

available

Odour impacts from wastewater

treatment plant site activities

Odour impacts on nearby properties High Measures available

Reduction of land in productive

agricultural use

Reduced land availability for grazing and crops Medium Measures available

Reduction in local property

values.

Loss of investment value by residents Low

Measures available

Medium Limitations on future

development


area)


Visual impact Unsightliness of treatment facilities Low/medium Measures available

Employment/livelihood Loss of traditional employment/livelihood High Measures available

Low Amenity value Loss of amenity value adjacent to treatment facilities Low Measures available



Chemical composition of water is heavy salts of sulphate- nitrogen - magnesium. Average salinity of

collector waters makes up 6q/l. BOD, ammonium , and other chemicals exceed allowed concentrations.

Chemical composition of the collector waters is given in Table 5.3-

Table 5.3 Chemical composition of the collector waters

N İon content, mg/ek Dry

res

Type pH

Element NCO3 CL SO4 Ca Mg Na

Concentration 7.30 16.60 51.10 10.00 19.00 46.10 5.400 sulphate-

nitrogen -

magnesium

7.2

If treated waste water s won’t impact negatively to the flora and fauna of collector. As collector is heavily

polluted discharge of treated waters may improve slowly its environmental condition.

5.4 Data Evaluation

The information basis for the EIA differs according to the specific assessments that have been required..

In first turn archive materials have been used to get basic information about physical- geographic conditions

of Shabran region, environmental situation, water resources , their use and protections and etc.

The project feasibility document provides the main information about existing situation and proposed project

activities.

Documentary information has been supported by a series of field trips. have been organized. During the

trips, based on the existing information provided by the relevant organizations, visual monitoring and

opinions of stakeholders additional information about the existing water and sanitation situations, project

needs and its positive and negative impacts was gathered about the existing water and sanitation situations,

project needs and its positive and negative impacts This is based on the existing information provided by the

relevant organizations, visual monitoring and opinions of stakeholders.

Results of discussions with the stakeholders are described ion the Annex IX

During the development of EIA report FS report materials on project activities, its impacts and proposed

environment management procedures have been checked with the national and international standards.

Main data gaps were connected with the lack of long term water resources and waste water quality and

quantity information, water use by different sectors, waste discharges by different economic sectors, and

pollution of water resources , ground waters and soil by waste waters etc.

In spite of this information used can be considered sufficient for the EIA development.



6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT

Project sites are required for the water reservoirs, pipelines , pumping stations and waste water treatment

facilities. Project sites for reservoirs are primarily determined as a function of least cost associated with

construction, provision of necessary portion of area with required amount of water by gravity. Analysis has

been undertaken to identify the least cost location for each element of construction work. In addition, the

locations proposed for reservoirs and WWTP are municipally-owned lands. Discussions have been held with

local communities to determine specific locations within the community where pipelines for WS and sewage

system can most appropriately be located from the community perspective. The location of the facilities has

been pre-determined based on an extensive analysis of some alternative locations.

At meetings with Rayon staff, gravity systems for water supply were consistently promoted as the preferred

method of supply. The reason given was the simplicity of operation and the additional operating costs from

pumped sources. Alternatives such as groundwater, bore fields were not seen to be viable and made data

collection for non gravity options more

difficult.

Within the scope of the project polyethylene based corrugated pipes will be laid in wastewater network and a

new Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) will be constructed approximately 2 km away from the town

center

In formation on reservoirs and other infrastructure is provided below at water supply and waste water

system improvement sections and their locations are illustrated in the relevant annexes to this report(Annexes

I-V)

The following alternatives have been considered during the EIA process:

(i) No Project Scenario

(ii) Water Supply System improvement only

(iii) Water Supply and Waste Water Management System improvement

6.1. No project Scenario

No project scenario would see continuation of an inefficient and unreliable, water supply system, which has

limited coverage, delivers low pressure supply and has water shortages. With regard to the wastewater

system, the situation will be worsened by the discharge of raw wastewater into the soil, groundwater and

eventually the river network, due to the lack of a WWTP. The socially and environmentally damaging

situation in the rayon will be further exacerbated, the risks of flooding of the streets and houses will be

raised. Pollution of soils, air quality (bad odor), damage to the flora and fauna will occur, surface and

groundwater will be seriously impacted. This situation is very undesirable, especially with the ongoing high

growth rate of the population and development of new business enterprises in the region (Table 6.1).



Table 6.1. Population Figures that will be used in Design Studies(Is taken from FS)

Year

Rounded Shabran Population Values for Design Purposes

Water Supplied (Surra

and Sincanboyat

Included)

Sewerage Served (Surra

Included)

Wastewater Treatment

(Surra Included)

2009 23,595 23,006 23,006

2015 25,200 24,600 24,600

2020 26,500 25,900 25,900

2025 27,500 26,800 26,800

2030 28,100 27,400 27,400

Source: the Feasibility Study of Shabran WSS Project, 2010

With the population growth rate shown above, water demand, and consequently waste water production will

considerably increase over the years.

6.2. Water Supply System Improvement Scenario

According to the Feasibility Study, the average daily water consumption is estimated as 52.2 l/s for the

design purpose. This estimate includes water use by households, entities, stock feeding, industry etc. The

current water losses in the system will be eliminated in the improved water supply system. The following

water supply options have been analyzed:

Alternative 1: Upgrading the supply from 2nd

Baku Water Transmission Line.

Shabran rayon centre extends eastwards from the flank of a range of low hills to the lower plains. The

highest point is approximately 90 masl, the lowest 0 masl. The Baku II Water Transmission Line passes

through the main urban area at about 42 masl. This allows a significant area of the town to be supplied by

gravity from Reservoir-1 which is supplied directly from the Baku II Water Transmission Line. The upper

levels are supplied from water pumped to reservoirs and delivered to consumers by gravity.

There are three water supply zones in Shabran as a result of topographical requirements. These are

respectively:

1- Zone-1 (elevations < 20 m)

2- Zone-2 (20 m – 50 m)

3- Zone-3 (50 m – 90 m)

Water requirements of Zone-1 will be supplied from Reservoir-1. Since at this point taking water from Baku

II channel is available, there is still an existing pumping station supplying water to the city and there is a

proper location for construction of a new reservoir, this place is selected for the location of the new reservoir.



Similarly, because of the landslide risk at the higher elevations, the area at the North-West of the city near

the graveyard deemed to be proper for the other two reservoirs.

The proposed water distribution system of Shabran is supplied from the reservoirs by only gravity which

means that the required pressure in the network will be obtained by difference of elevations without water

extraction directly from force mains.

Alternative 2: Sourcing water from the stilling basin at the head of the Tahtakorpu – Ceyranbatan canal:

Shabran rayon centre is located 2 kilometers to the north of the valley of the Tahtakorpu reservoir. The

Tahtakorpu – Ceyranbatan canal begins at the stilling basin of the tail water from the hydropower plant of the

Tahtakorpu reservoir. It is possible to supply water by gravity from the basin, via the water treatment plant

located about 1.3 km from the basin. Treated water can then be delivered by gravity to Reservoir—1 in the

town near Baku II Water Transmission Line to supply water to the Pressure Zone-1.

Reservoir-2 is supplied by Pumping Station–3 which is located near the Water Treatment Plant and taking

water from a 100 m3 balancing reservoir. There are 3 (2+1) pumps in this pumping station each having 15

kW power. Discharge through one pump is 29 l/s and the pressure rise is 32 m. Pumping Station -2,

supplying water to Reservoir -3 from Reservoir -2. Discharge of each pump is 7 l/s with 42 m pressure

increase. There are also 3 (2+1) pumps in this pumping station each having is 5.5 kW power.

Construction of the Tahtakorpu reservoir and canal system has been ongoing for more than 10 years. A

significant reduction in funds due to the 2007 financial crisis further delayed construction. This has pushed

the completion date of the project to 2014. If this happens the ability to use water from the Tahtakorpu

reservoir will be seriously compromised.

A comprehensive costing and assessment of the alternative proposals for each of the water sources was

conducted. Due to the vastly improved layout of the redesigned distribution system operating costs of both

options are similar. The main criteria influencing the economic choice of options was the relatively high cost

of constructing and operating a water treatment plant using water sourced from the Tahtakorpu reservoir.

Based on the above considerations ,the first option is environmentally preferred for the project water supply

system. because it minimizes the need for new transmission line infrastructure that would disturb natural,

manmade and social environments; the environmental impacts (including socio-economic impacts) of water

distribution are judged to be similar for the two options. In both options, the supply of water would be from

facilities that will in any case exist, thus minimizing environmental impacts associated with

construction/operation of water extraction facilities. However, the delay and uncertainty associated with

water supply under option 2 will certainly have significant negative socio-economic impacts in Shabran.

This recommendation, however, is subject to verification of the structural integrity of the Baku II Canals; this

verification must be undertaken and if there the structural integrity of the canal cannot be demonstrated it

may be necessary to proceed with option 1, above, in which case other recommendations in this document

will require review and adjustment. This canal was completed in the early 1960’s with a design capacity of

2.73 m3/sec capacity. Communication with staff of the rayon and Azersu suggests that no regular



maintenance has been undertaken. Measurements of flow rates over time have not been found making it

impossible to assess the capacity and determine water losses from the system. This should be taken into

account by the detailed design work which should envision back up arrangements between this and Baku I

canal in case of any breach or supply interruption on Baku II canal.

Ground water mostly meets the limiting values of EU Council Directive 98/83/EC without treatment The

water quality in the Baku II water transmission line has been analyzed and results show that sample meets

EU, Azeri and WHO standards (see Annex VI).

For the selected option there also some other requirements. Work to construct the offtake should be carefully

designed during the detailed design phase and carefully constructed, paying close attention to the need to

avoid damage to the riparian habitat.

Main environmental impact of the construction and operation work envisioned in the project are described in

the Chapter 5 and list of potential negative impact is given in the Table 5.1

The widening of the access road through the uplands is relatively straightforward for most of its length, as it

is flanked by disturbed ground with sparse vegetation. The work in the wooded habitat and vegetation will

create some environmental problems including damage to topsoil; to tree roots; water pollution; erosion

and soil; and etc Full adherence to good site practice should be ensured, as well as storage and handling of

fuels and oils to avoid contamination.

There will be temporary disturbance during construction of the reservoir and intake infrastructure, as well

as for the areas along the pipeline routes to the reservoirs but this is not expected to be significant (see

Chapter 5 for details). Location of the reservoir is given in the Annex IV

If sewage system will not be improved, the situation will continue to worsen from social – economic and

environmental point of view. With the anticipated increased water demand by 2030, the amount of waste

water will increase accordingly, which will further aggravate the environmental situation.

6.3. Water Supply and Waste Water Management System improvement

Two options for improvement of sewage system in Shabran have been analyzed.

Option 1: Rehabilitation and use of the existing waste water pipelines and wastewater treatment

lagoon.

Improving the existing sewerage system by extensions and replacement of sections causing problems has

been evaluated. As also mentioned in the existing sewerage system description, 18 km of sewerage system

has been constructed since 2006, which is poorly designed. Using whole or some part of the existing system

can be evaluated as a variant. Since the existing main trunk is buried to an invert depth of 1,2 m and the

secondary lines to an invert depth of 0,8 m, there is no chance to make the correct house connections to the

lines. In addition, the pipes of the new water distribution network are designed to be buried to 1 m depth, and

shall be vertically minimum 0,5 m higher than the sewer pipe according to the design criteria. For these

reasons, the situation of the existing sewerage system leads to high risk of drinking water contamination and

low chance for correct house connections. The wastewater lagoon does not provide a level of treatment that

is protective of the environment, and while rehabilitation may improve performance it will not result in

protection of the receiving environment from pollutants in the wastewater.



Option 2: Construction of new sewage system and waste water treatment plant.

Option 2 is to construct a new sewage system and wastewater treatment facility. This will result in a

wastewater collection network that is properly dimensioned, something that will bring positive socio-

economic benefits to the community over the long term as compared to the above alternative where proper

performance of the existing wastewater collection service cannot be achieved because of design

shortcomings, resulting in serious negative socio-economic impacts in the community as a result of

inadequate collection of wastewater.

Construction of a new wastewater treatment facility that is designed to treat water to specified standards will

result in protection of the receiving natural environment, and will also bring socio-economic benefits through

greater protection of community health as a result of achievement of high levels of sanitation. The siting of

the wastewater treatment plant allows for sewage collection via gravity flow; this will remove the need for

use of hazardous materials that would be associated with pumping stations and other facilities and equipment

if gravity flow was not feasible..

Under this option, the new WWTP will be provided with modern equipment which will ensure treatment of

the waste waters in accordance with international standards ( EU Directive 91/271/EEC requirements are

given in Annex IV). Treated wastewaters will be discharged to a drainage canal or will be used for

irrigation Where treated wastewaters are discharged, an improved situation will be achieved in the receiving

watercourses and adjacent areas currently adversely affected by polluted untreated wastewaters. The

removal of large organic loadings by the treatment system will also contribute to a reduction in polluting

loadings within the Caspian Sea catchment. Where use of treated wastewater for irrigation is feasible, this

will result in a significant positive socio-economic impact for the local agricultural community.

The sludge generated in the WWTW will be disposed of in accordance with the EU Directive, see Annex VI,

VIII for the monitoring standards and requirements. As Shabran is a semi-rural catchment with no heavy

industries discharging to the sewer network, the sludge should be suitable for disposal to agricultural lands..

Waste water transportation secondary alternatives

The sewerage collected at North West edge of the Shabran presents two technical alternatives in order to

transfer the collected wastewater into the treatment plant. The first one is to construct a gravity line with a

total length of 4,5 km. The second one is to construct a pumping station and pump the sewage collected in

that area to a higher elevation spot in the sewerage network with a pipe line of having length 1,7 km.

The wastewater treatment plant option has been evaluated from the point of economy

and operability of process alternatives.

It seems that if relevant environmental regulations are followed then the proposed option has lesser

environmental impact as in this case length of sewer line will be 3 times lesser



7. PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS

This activity is aimed at informing of identified stakeholders and other interested parties of proposed project

components, presents stakeholders with the opportunity to voice both their positive opinions and their

concerns and to enable these issues to be addressed in the EIA and incorporated into the project design. This

includes stakeholder consultation and technical analyses.

Stakeholder Consultations Stakeholder issues relevant to the EIA have been identified through a consultative

process.. Stakeholder consultations have therefore been integral to the design of the EIA, and the issues

identified through these consultations have been an important input into the identification of issues to be

addressed by the EIA. All stakeholder consultations have been undertaken in Azeri. Where non-Azeri

consultants have participated in consultations, their comments have been translated into Azeri in order to

allow all discussions to be undertaken in Azeri.

Not all stakeholders have been involved in the consultations associated with project preparation.

Accordingly, additional stakeholder consultations have been undertaken during this scoping phase for the

specific purpose of identifying and clarifying issues, and particularly issues concerning those:

Who live near sites that are proposed for new WSS facilities

Who have specialist technical or scientific knowledge relevant to the proposed WSS system

Whose work is relevant to the proposed WSS system.

Section 4 presents details of the consultation process.

Technical Analysis While the issues identified by stakeholders are key to the overall presentation of issues

in this document, they are limited to the extent that the knowledge of stakeholders concerning the new WSS

system is limited. Thus, during the consultation process it has been clear that the ability of stakeholders to

identify issues has, to a degree, been limited by their knowledge of modern WSS systems. Technical

analysis has therefore been undertaken to determine whether there might be issues additional to those

identified by stakeholders that should be addressed by the EIA, even though they might not have been

identified by stakeholders, or may not have been prioritized by stakeholders. Technical analysis

complements the stakeholder consultations.

Table 1 identifies the stakeholders with whom consultations have been undertaken. As indicated in the

Table, stakeholders fall into two categories:

Public stakeholders. These stakeholders are members of the public in general on whom the project

may be anticipated to have an impact. At the broadest level, these stakeholders include all members of

the public that will be served by the project, and who will benefit from it. However, some public

stakeholders may be more greatly impacted by the project because they live in proximity to proposed

project facilities. These stakeholders may be expected to identify a range of issues that is different to

those that would be identified to other public stakeholders.

Special interest stakeholders. These stakeholders have interests in the project because they have either

specialist knowledge relevant to the project or because their work in some way is relevant to, or is

impacted by, the project. These stakeholders may identify issues relevant to the EIA as a result of

either their work or their knowledge.

In this project, stakeholders are those affected by the proposed WSS facilities, and those who have the ability

to influence, positively or negatively, the course and outcome of the project. The range of stakeholders

relevant to this document is reflected in Table 1.

The list of all stakeholders that have been consulted is provided in Annex A.



Table 1 identifies the consultation mechanisms selected to identify issues associated with the various

stakeholders, and also identifies the status of the consultations.

Technical meetings and interviews with staff from different local government units have been undertaken on

an on-going basis. During the meetings, discussions were held on technical and managerial levels and an

accurate picture about the current WSS system was developed, together with common understandings of

options and issues associated with potential future actions. A clear picture was made about the rating of

water management skills and the rate of satisfaction of the public about WSS services. The wishes and

concerns of the residents were also raised during the meetings. In most cases and after the meeting a field

visit was made to water intake facilities, pipelines locations, pumping stations, reservoirs and sewage

facilities and information was obtained about the problems of each site.

Consultation and planning workshops were undertaken during the preparation of this document. As

identified in Table 7.1, these included consultation with municipal and village councils, and with government

agencies.

99 / 154

Table 7.1

Stakeholders and Consultation Mechanism

STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION MECHANISM STATUS OF CONSULTATION

Public Stakeholders

Affected People Interviews with affected people Interviews have been

conducted as part of EIA

study in communities where

new water intake facilities,

pipelines, pumping stations,

reservoirs and treatment

facilities will be located

Wider Community Information to be supplied to the

media and the general public to

be invited to submit comments.

Meetings have been

conducted with the

representatives of local radio

and newspapers during which

they received needed

information, which was later

spread by them in their news

canals, including newspapers

and radios

Community Leaders Interviews of directly affected

communities; meetings with

community leaders

Workshops held; interview

conducted in communities

where new reservoirs and

treatment facilities will be

located; meetings held with

community leaders

Special Interest Stakeholders

Non-Governmental

Organisations

Round Table meeting

Scoping Workshop

Round Table meeting and

Scoping Workshop held

Municipalities and

Village Councils

Technical meetings, Consultation

and Planning Workshops

Consultation and planning

workshops held

Media Media relations strategy required Representatives of media

have been involved into EIA

process. They participated in

discussions, public meeting

and spread obtained materials

through their publication in

local newspaper and also via

local radio

Academics and

Researchers

Round Table meeting, Scoping

Workshop

Meeting and Scoping

Workshop held

Government

Ministries/Agencies

Consultation and Planning

Workshops

Round Table Meeting

Consultation and Planning

Workshops held; Round

Table Meeting held

Private sector Meetings with representatives of

relevant sectors/companies

Meetings with

representatives of relevant

sectors/companies held

International

Organisations/Donors

Consultation and

Round Table meeting

Consultation and Round

Table Meeting held

100 / 154

A round table meeting was held on 07 June, 2010 and hosted by the Executive Power of Shabran region.

Representatives of different agencies, Amelioration JSC, Azersu , MoE and NGOs attended and their

concerns were also reported. The meeting was solely dedicated for defining the scope of the EIA..

A Scoping Workshop was conducted on 08 June, 2010 and attended by 28 participants representing different

institutions. During that session the findings of previous consultations (by Gauff and Temelsu JV) were

presented and additional comments and suggestions were received. Communities adjacent to the Proposed

Project area have been identified at the meeting and are listed in Table 7.2

Table 7.2.

Communities Adjacent to the Proposed Project Facilities

COMMUNITY LOCATION POPULATION

Surra village Adjacent to the proposed reservoirs

and Water supply pipes

430

Shabran city Adjacent to a proposed water supply

and sanitation system

6040

Surra village Adjacent to a proposed water supply

pipes

415

Sinjanbayat village Adjacent to a proposed water supply

pipes

400

Garabagh IDPs

area

Adjacent to a proposed water supply

pipes

280

All interviews were conducted on 16th of June 2010 in Shabran city and the nearby communities (Surra,

Sinjanbayat, Garabagh IDPs camp area etc ) adjacent to the proposed facilities.

During the selection of the population sample for interview purposes, consideration was given to the

economic situation of the family, and to the distance to the facilities to be constructed. The objectives of the

surveys were to:

Share information about the project and the proposed construction work.

Identify important interests and concerns at the local level.

Identify potentially affected individuals, groups and publics.

Identify community concerns about the construction work.

Understand the values about the environment held by individuals/groups that might be affected by the

project.

Meetings with municipality members in these communities were also carried out, as possible, to understand

concerns and issues that they may have.

a. PRINCIPAL ISSUES

The principal concerns raised during the consultation process were:

Potential for odor, insects, dust and noise impacts from site activities;

Compensation measures to be taken by the Authorities for temporary loss of land in productive use;

Reduction in local property values;

101 / 154

Impacts on ground and surface water;

Limitations for expansion of villages in the future; and

Aesthetic distortion (e.g. visual impacts).

These issues were highlighted by most of the people interviewed.

Other issues that were highlighted during the consultations include:

Training and public awareness;

Financial sustainability;

Detection and control of hazardous waste waters;

Waste water collection, treatment, utilization or discharge to the sea;

Health and safety;

Social and economic impacts; and

Compensation of directly affected communities through the project itself by incentives.

As indicated above, the project team has considered the issues that have been raised during the consultations

and has assessed the identified issues in the context of the overall scope of the proposed project. The purpose

of this assessment has been to determine whether there are additional issues that should be considered by the

EIA even though they may not have been specifically identified by stakeholders during the consultations. As

a result of this assessment, it has been concluded that in addition to the potential impacts identified through

the consultations, the EIA study should also address review of the potential positive and negative impacts

associated with the proposed project on:

Land use;

Cultural heritage;

Traffic

Public health;

Local employment; and

General issues associated with sitting of treatment plant

The stakeholders support the proposed WSS project. The issues raised by the stakeholders are reasonable

concerns that should be addressed by the EIA study, and the recommendations of the EIA study should be

integrated into the design of project implementation. However, as identified above, stakeholder knowledge

of potential positive and negative impacts associated with the project is incomplete and issues additional to

those identified by the stakeholders should be considered by the EIA.

Stakeholder Meeting in Shabran Rayon

The public meeting in Shabran took place on June 08 2010 and was chaired by the head of coordination

commission created jointly with representatives of relevant agencies and organizations of the rayon and also

Project Implementing Unit (PIU) crated by the Amelioration JSC for the NWSS project and chaired by the

Deputy Head of Shabran.

102 / 154

Figure 1. Mr. Israfil Ibadov(in the middle) gives the floor to Mr. Panah Abdullayev(In the Left) to present the

project

The agenda of the meeting included brief welcoming speech by the Head of the Commission (Mr. Israfil

Ibadov) and Representative of PCU (Mr. Panah Abdullayev). They informed attendance about the aim and

importance of realization of the project.

Then Rafig Verdiyev, representative of Eptisa and Prof. Farda Imanov, Representative of Hydrometeorology

Consulting Company, informed participants about the aim of the Environmental and Social Impact

Assessment process, and issues to be included into its scope during the project implementation.

Participants then requested to participate actively in discussions and identify their suggestions to be included

into list of issues of environmental and social concern and to be taken into consideration in the development

of Environment Management Plans to minimize negative project impacts.

Figure 2. Group of stakeholders discussing EIA priorities

103 / 154

First the floor was taken by Mr. Israfil Mikayilov, who said that recently gas line construction work had been

carried in the major streets of the region. He stated that although the project had ended, asphalt had not been

replaced / restored and as result many inconveniences had been created, including dust, barrier for movement

of transport and others. In this regard, he expressed hope that the work on installation of water pipelines will

be carried out fully and all issues will be given due consideration.

Mr Mikayiilov was informed by the project team that the Environment Management Plan fully will address

relevant issues to make negative impact minimum. Existing international and national norms will be followed

in this regards.

Then Mr. Tofig Khalilov informed that how the construction process will avoid damaging of communication

lines. Mr. Israfil Mikayilov informed him that there is agreed scheme to route water supply pipelines where

all issues related to crossing of communication lines are taken into consideration.

Mr Atabala Javadov said that as local specialists know local situation better than others there is need to use

their potential during the construction process. It was agreed to take this comment into consideration.

Figure 3. Women discussing issues with Mr Panah Abdullayev

The second question was if water will be enough for all. It was noted that as the project considers different

development options and increases in population there wouldn’t be any water scarcity problem.

The third issue was about the concern of Mr. Javadov on the absence of centralized irrigation water supply

system and facilities, which is results in use of drinking water for irrigation purposes. This concern was

accepted to deliver to decision makers for further consideration.

Mr Suleyman Almammadov asked when project will start. In response he was informed that in the end of the

year the tender process on construction work will be initiated.

Mr Samir Gulaliyev asked if the already-started sewage system will be used as part of the new project. He

was informed that it will be checked and decisions will be made on that basis

In response to question of Mr. Javadov about the type of pipelines to be used it was noted that there will be

plastic pipeline.

104 / 154

Participants also expressed their wish to install water meters to carry proper calculation of amount of water

used by households. By common opinion use of water meters will prevent need for an increase in water use

tariffs.

Areas of Shabran city and nearby communities (Surra, Sinjanbayat, Garabagh IDPs camp area etc ) adjacent

to the proposed facilities have been identified to be affected by project. Representatives of the population of

these communities have been interviewed. The communities to be directly affected by the project activities

are listed in Table 7. 3.

Table 7-3 Communities Adjacent to the Proposed WSS Facilities

Community Location Population

Surra village Adjacent to the proposed reservoirs

and Water supply pipes

430

Shabran city Adjacent to a proposed water supply

and sanitation system

21400

Surra village Adjacent to a proposed water supply

pipes

415

Sinjanbayat village Adjacent to a proposed water supply

pipes

400

Garabagh IDPs

area

Adjacent to a proposed water supply

pipes

280

The list of participants of public consultation meeting on Shabran rayon WSS project, held on June 08 2010

is given in ANNEX X.

7.2 Presentation of the Draft EIA Report

Information on public discussion of the draft EIA report for Shabran and WSS projects was held on October

22 2010.. This meeting was advertised 15 day before this date and most of stakeholders have been contacted

by the local executive authorities regarding the participation of the event. Further information regarding the

meeting is presented in Annex XI.

The recommendations of the draft EIA were presented to the meeting. There were no negative responses to

the draft report, or its recommendations. However, participants did raise issues that were raised in the earlier

consultations in June 2010 and which have been addressed in the EIA report. This points to the need for a

proper monitoring of the mitigation measures set out in this document in order ensure that mitigation

measures are appropriately implemented.

105 / 154

8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

From the above description of environmental impacts the list of key aspects associated with the Project

activities is identified and described in Table 8-1 below.

Table 8-1 Environmental Aspects

Project Component Environmental Aspects

Construction Temporary removal of habitat for sewer pipeline construction

Renovation and construction of existing steel water delivery mains

Potential polluted run-off and spillage of untreated wastewater during

sewer renovation

Pedestrian, vehicle and community safety

Procurement and delivery of construction materials

Use, maintenance and repair of equipment and machinery

Air and noise pollution from preparation of construction Materials such as

bitumen, asphalt and concrete.

Extraction/purchase of sands and gravels for earthworks

Construction yard for equipment and machinery

Waste and hazardous materials management

Construction of new reservoirs for water supply

Service disruption (electricity, telecoms, water)

Disruption to irrigation and drainage infrastructure

Soil management issues during pipe laying

Construction of new WWTP works on a new site

Operation Operation of the water and wastewater networks

Sludge disposal

Community safety

Induced development

Air and noise quality

Use of maintenance machinery and equipment

Storm water management

Wastewater discharge

Accidental (Non-

Routine) Events

Spills and leaks

Inappropriate waste or sludge disposal

Sewer flushing due to blockage

These aspects and proposed mitigation measures are discussed below.

GEOLOGY AND SOILS

Construction phase

Hazardous material

Spills of fuel, oil and other liquids have the potential to cause contamination of soil and groundwater. The

Contractor shall implement measures to contain such spills and avoid contamination as much as possible.

106 / 154

However, it is possible that some contamination may occur and the Contractor will be required to implement

remediation measures in accordance with project and national requirements.

Soil erosion

The area is susceptible to surface erosion, especially after heavy rain, therefore efforts will be made to

reduce the potential for soil erosion during construction activities. Temporary berms will be constructed

where necessary to control any run-off to prevents rills or gulleys forming or soil wash out to surface water

features. Correct ground works and compaction will be specified in the contract documentation to prevent

soil erosion.

Waste management

Inert, solid waste (metals, asphalt chunks, rocks, concrete, gravel, sand and etc.) will be generated during

drilling well and pipeline installation operations. The replacement and installation of water distribution pipes

in the town will include removal of asphalt surface and importation of suitable padding and backfill (eg sand)

as well as backfilling using suitable excavated material. Repair of paved roads and walkways and asphalt

surfaces will also be required.

Solid wastes generated in construction sites and during the construction of pipelines and sewer drains will be

transported by the construction contractor. Transportation and disposal of such waste will be agreed with the

local executive authority and regional department of MENR, as necessary.

The construction works will generate hazardous waste, such as used oils, solvents and other construction

waste, which will be required to be disposed of. However, there is no licensed hazardous waste disposal

facility in the region (and in fact this is a problem nationally) and therefore it will be necessary to arrange an

appropriate containment or disposal place in agreement with MENR and the regional officials. The EMP

allows for the cost of this item and it can be managed by the municipality, as per the agreement with

Amelioration JSC.

Parts of the existing water supply and sanitation network may have been constructed using asbestos

containing material (ACM), which will require careful handling during its removal. Measures compliant to

good health and safety practice will need to be employed, including appropriate PPE for workers, dampening

down of any material that may be abraded or otherwise generate potentially inhalable dust particles and

appropriate containment prior to its storage at an approved/agreed secure facility.

A construction yard needs to be created, for laydown of plant and material, maintenance of machinery and

prefabrication of infrastructure components. All construction sites will be managed as follows:

107 / 154

• Boundaries of construction sites will be marked beforehand and signs will be erected warning

people not to enter or dump garbage;

• Metal wastes will be collected and taken to metal processing companies;

• Construction debris (sand, soil, rocks) will be re-used as an additional material for filling deep

trenches when needed and where suitable. If not needed, they will be taken to city dumping-

grounds, as agreed with local environmental/planning authorities;

• Removed asphalt debris will be taken to bitumen factories for recycling, egg at the asphalt

plant

• Speed limits will be set for all trucks operating within the town; this will be important for

those transporting waste.

Operational phase

No adverse effects are anticipated as a result of normal operations, as the wastewater will be treated to EU

standards prior to its discharge, which is a distinct improvement from the current situation, which sees no

functioning wastewater treatment. Discussions are ongoing regarding the treatment of the final effluent, as

under the Soviet system, chlorination of effluent (for disinfection) was the norm. However, disinfection is

not the norm in Europe and in fact the addition of chlorine is a biological hazard to the aquatic ecosystems to

which the effluent will be discharged. It would be preferable to use ultraviolet (UV) radiation or rely on

natural exposure to UV to reduce bacteria loadings in the final effluent. The recommendation to use UV has

been made strongly in this EIA and also in discussions with Amelioration JSC, who are very supportive of

this approach and the intention is to implement this.

AIR QUALITY

Construction phase

It will be the responsibility of the construction management to schedule construction activities and to apply

best practices for dust control, to minimize occurrences of excessive dust concentrations in sensitive

neighboring areas and at the worksite. It will be the responsibility of the construction management to apply

best practices for reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, wherever feasible. Aspects such as a

reduction of idle driving, selection of new equipment where possible and maintenance of all machinery and

engines should be encouraged.

Operational phase

Adverse air quality effects are not predicted during operation, due to the nature of the project. All machinery

will either be new and/or will be maintained according to the manufacturer’s service programme.

Furthermore, significant noxious odours are only typically generated from a WWTP in the vicinity of

pumping operations, where an aerosol effect is produced or when sewage has gone septic due to operational

problems. All the main potential locations where noxious odour could be generated will be housed and

ventilated. In addition, there are no sensitive receptors nearby to the operating facility, which is located at the

edge of town well away from residential areas.

108 / 154

NOISE

Construction phase

The nature and extent of the works, particularly those involving replacement of the water distribution system

will result in noise and disturbance to local residents. Amelioration JSC will ensure that the contractor

minimizes disruption and noise, by inter alia, liaising with residents. It must also be noted that the residents

are supportive of the project, as it will result in provision of a reliable, constant water supply and will

therefore generally be tolerant of disruption to some extent.

According to the Azerbaijan standards allowable noise level should be 65 dBA in daytime; and 45 dBA at

night-time, which is close to the international standards.

Mitigation

There are three ways to reduce noise emissions: mitigation at the source, mitigation along the path and

mitigation at the receptor. The following examples of construction noise mitigation methods could be

considered during planning of the works and are expected to be a source of guidance to the contractors. In

many cases, the magnitude of the dB reduction can first be ascertained when construction work has begun

and measurements can be made.

Source controls

In general, source controls are the most effective method of mitigating noise. The impact of a noise source is

reduced before it emits offensive noise levels.

Operational phase

Negligible operational noise is anticipated, as the pumping stations will be housed within buildings and the

new WWTP is situated far away from residential housing in a fenced compound and is designed to emit

limited noise.

ECOLOGY AND PROTECTED AREAS

Construction phase

The main potential effects on ecology are associated with water intake; the associated access road upgrade;

construction of the new pipeline route water supply to the town; construction of the new reservoirs

themselves; and construction of the interceptor and new WWTP

The off take and reservoir construction work will have to be carefully designed during the detailed design

phase to avoid damage to the riparian habitat.

The widening of the access road may affect habitats associated, however nothing particularly rare or unusual

is anticipated due to the disturbed nature of the general location, which was until recent years well populated

and farmed by some crops.

The work will need to be undertaken carefully, with good planning (in the detailed design stage) to conserve

topsoil; reduce encroachment and damage to features such as tree roots; avoid water pollution; avoid erosion

109 / 154

and soil or material run-off; and ensure good reinstatement. Full adherence to good site practice should be

ensured, as well as storage and handling of fuels and oils to avoid contamination.

Protected areas

There are no protected areas potentially affected by the project, although to the south- west of Shabran rayon

Altiagac State reserve exists (see Figure 8.1).

Figure 8.1. Protected area map

110 / 154

Operational phase

The receiving watercourses and groundwaters currently adversely affected by polluting untreated

wastewaters will be expected to improve considerably and can be expected to see improvements as nutrient

and bacteria levels significantly reduce.

SURFACE AND GROUND WATER

Construction phase

Many of the risks to surface and groundwater are similar to those already covered under the soils section

above and are therefore not repeated here. Due to the nature of the works there is the potential for spillage of

wastewater to ground or watercourse, which is generally poorly treated or untreated and could also lead to

the spread of disease to workers or local residents.

In addition, the wastewater from existing pipelines and sumps will require to be purged. Likely options are to

either empty the wastewater into temporary excavated pits and then remove the material by suction into

septic tanks on sewer trucks or continue to use soakaways until connections to the sewer area made.

Mitigation

Fuel and oil storage

Fuel and oil storage tanks will not be located within 50m of any watercourse, well or dry river bed. Certain

plant and equipment may be required to be maintained in a position closer than 50m from the water course

(and are not able to be relocated just for refuelling) and therefore special measures will be implemented to

avoid spillage of fuels and oils, such as deployment of spill-retaining materials, mobile drip trays and the like

ad specific training given to operators in this regard.

Areas for road tanker parking and delivery shall be hard surfaced (concrete) and drained to an interceptor.

Discharge of rainwater and waste from these areas will be via a treatment system designed to meet the water

discharge standards.

At each site where diesel is delivered and stored, spillage equipment shall be installed to contain any spillage

during loading. Specific drainage requirements, which include oil interceptors, will be put in place at

facilities where diesel is stored and used.

All fuel storage areas will be securely fenced and locked to prevent unauthorized access. Only Refuelling

Operators will be allowed to dispense fuel as set out below. All fuel storage areas will be equipped with an

adequate supply of spill containment materials.

Exceptions to the above are to be made for smaller fuel equipment. Generators will be self-bunded and will

have an integral fuel tank. Refuelling will be undertaken as per the procedures below.

Refuelling will be carried out by the nominated Refuelling Operators who will be specifically trained in the

relevant procedures. Upon arriving at the refuelling areas, the Refuelling Operators will dispense the

required fuel.

111 / 154

Drip Trays

The use of integral drip trays for generators, tanks and other fixed plant will be will be encouraged

throughout the project.

Individual drip trays will be necessary for temporary secondary containment of materials.

Storage and Use of Chemicals

All chemicals will be stored in designated, locked storage areas, taking care to ensure segregation of

potentially reactive substance (e.g. flammables should not be stored with toxic substances). These areas will

have an enclosed drainage system/bund to avoid contamination. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) will be

provided for all substances and used in project health and safety assessments.

Efforts will be made to avoid and minimize the use of hazardous chemicals during construction where

possible.

Operational phase

The average flow rate in Baku 1 and Baku 2 canals is 4000l/s. With water intake to be 64.6 l/s, no adverse

impact is envisaged on the operation of the canals, other users and the original water source (Shollar springs).

An improved situation in the receiving watercourses and adjacent wetlands currently adversely affected by

polluting untreated wastewaters is expected.

Groundwater impacts

The water resources in the project area include groundwater, which can be expected to benefit from the

reduction in discharge of untreated wastewater.

SOCIAL – CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT

Construction phase

The main effects on the local community during construction are associated with the considerable disruption

that the works will have within the town through excavation of defunct infrastructure and installation of new

water mains and sewer pipes in the roads and connection of water supply pipes and water meters to

individual properties. The proximity of the works to residents also raises the issue of health and safety, as

well as traffic disruption and interference with access to houses, work places and public buildings such as

hospitals and schools.

There may be land acquisition issues associated with construction of the service reservoirs and the

connecting pipelines, as the infrastructure may cross parcels of privately owned land. Potential land issues

may arise due to permanent restrictions on land use above any buried pipeline or due to temporary

occupation of land during construction. These aspects will all be considered during the detailed design and

112 / 154

the contractor will be made fully aware of the RPF and RAP policies. The RAP will be developed by

Amelioration JSC once the details of the resettlement aspects are known.

Mitigation

Safety at the work site, both for workers and residents has been discussed at length with Amelioration JSC,

who will ensure that contractors develop and implement safe working practices. The construction contractor

will train its personnel on safety, environment and quality control, as well as implementation of all the safety

rules. Works will be guided by existing laws, sanitary rules and Amelioration JSC work manuals.

The following measures will be taken to protect the health of personnel working in polluted areas:

• Health and safety training will be conducted as part of project induction for all workers;

• All personnel will be supplied with special coveralls and the minimum PPE;

• Personnel working in excavation of polluted soils and collection, loading, transportation and

disposal of sewage waters will be supplied with protective safety glasses, gloves, long rubber

boots and dust masks;

• Mobile shower cabins will be set up for personnel;

• Personnel will pass regular medical check-ups.

• Use of asbestos and other dangerous substances is not planned.

As referenced earlier, impacts on people and their economic activity, public transport and agricultural

activities during construction phase are possible. Construction sites will be divided into sections, works will

be planned according to a schedule prepared beforehand and people and organizations will be notified ahead

of time. Borders of construction sites will be marked, safety boards will be placed, signs regulating

movement of pedestrians and traffic will be erected.

Furthermore, discussions have been held with Amelioration JSC regarding the need to keep residents

informed of planned activities, but also to be receptive to their requirements. Thus contractors will be

required to develop a traffic management plan in consultation with Amelioration JSC and the municipality

and to discuss this at a public meeting prior to start of the works. This should ensure that disruption of

residents is minimized and works are co-ordinated to limit impeded access.

Work with asbestos

The International Labor Organization (ILO) established an Asbestos Convention (C162) in 1986 to promote

national laws and regulations for the “prevention and control of, and protection of workers against, health

hazards due to occupational exposure to asbestos. The convention outlines aspects of best practice: Scope

and Definitions, General Principles, Protective and Preventive Measures, Surveillance of the Working

Environment, and Workers’ Health. Some of the ILO asbestos convention requirements:

Work clothing to be provided by employers;

113 / 154

Double changing rooms and wash facilities to prevent dust from going home on street clothes;

Training of workers about the health hazards to themselves and their families;

Periodic medical examinations of workers,

Periodic air monitoring of the work environment, with records retained for 30 years;

Development of a work plan prior to demolition work, to protect workers and provide for proper waste

disposal; and

Protection from “retaliatory and disciplinary measures” of workers who remove themselves from work

that they are justified in believing presents a serious danger to health.

8.1 Implementation of Mitigation Measures

This section of the report further elaborates on the mitigation measures to address the potential negative

environmental impacts. The impacts, proposed measures and institutional responsibilities are summarized

and tabulated in the environmental management plan (EMP) in Table8.2. It outlines the management

mechanisms (i.e. working arrangements) for how the environmental and social elements of the project will be

managed from detailed design and construction through operation.

The EMP contains environmental requirements which are required for the successful implementation of

mitigation measures, environmental monitoring, emergency measures and environmental auditing to be

carried out during the construction works on the site. The implementation of mitigation measures and

emergency measures shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. The Contractor will ensure compliance

with all environmental legislation, regulations and conventions. The responsibility for environmental

monitoring lies with the Amelioration JSC and the World Bank.

114 / 154

Table 8.4 Potential Main Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Stage

Environme

nt Or

Social

Component

Potential Impacts Impact Mitigation Measures

Estimated Cost Of Impact

Mitigation Measures

Responcibility Monitoring

Constructi

on

Air quality

Dust, gases/aerosol

associated with

construction (toxic gasses

discharged by

construction machineries,

wind blown construction

materials etc.)

Dust prevention by watering and other

means;

Transportation of grainy or dusty materials

in the top-coated trucks;


Transportation of dust producing materials

during calm days (not in the windy days);


Avoid setting fire on residue grease,

isolation materials, and other substances;

Efficient use of machinery and other

technologies;



Careful implementation of works in

vulnerable areas.





procedures

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Earth

Waste pollution,

especially wastes caused

by construction and



works and other impacts;

Landfill of wastes and

other materials;


works;


Protection of the surroundings of the

construction site;


Identify adequate areas to store residue

materials, and transportation of all

construction related effluent materials into

the predetermined site;



vertical points and slopes to minimize land

slide risks;

Provision of materials and

cover to prevent landslide

risks: $10,000

Traffic management

signage: $5,000




procedures

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

115 / 154

Stage

Environme

nt Or

Social

Component



Mitigation Measures


Wastewater.

Prevent discharge of excavated material to

the river beds or lakes;

Avoid unwanted traffic blockage, collect

excavated spoil material and discharge

somewhere close to the construction site;



tanks.

Topsoil


resulting from material

storage, excavation

works, temporary roads

etc.


excavation;

Flushing of topsoil and

soil erosion due to

polluted water streams;

Adequate design works and selection of

proper route to minimize impact on the

topsoil;

Usage of excavated soil material for the

agriculture purposes;

Cut, store and restore topsoil where possible

after the completion of the construction

works;

Discharge of materials to the predetermined

areas by secondary routs;


Storage of toxic materials and effluents in

the safe and predetermined areas, its

provision with drainage waters, and

processing where necessary;


prevention by good soil practice and

drainage control. Good soil conservation

measures and effective reins to prevent

future erosion and soil loss.




addressed above




procedures.

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

116 / 154

Stage

Environme

nt Or

Social

Component



Mitigation Measures


Water

resources

and waste

waters

Pollution of surface and

groundwater sources due

to domestic and

construction effluents,

including harmful

residues, leakage of fuel

and other oil related

products;

Blockage of surface and

groundwater filtration and

creation of stagnant water

accumulations.

Connected with project

connected with project

problems of water

scarcity in low flow

periods of the year and

also those connected with

the increase of water

supply problem for other

users which use the same

sources

Avoid discharge of harmful chemical

substances into sewage lines or ground

surface;

Design and operation of natural drainage

and consideration for alternative directions;



tanks.


removal of wastewater during renovation

works, use of appropriate equipment by

workers and ongoing liaison with residents

and fencing off contaminated areas.

Balanced use of water sources to avoid

significant pressure on them in low flow

period and also eliminate water shortage

problems for all users..





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Constructi

on Noise

Disturbance due to noise

generated from

construction works and

intensive traffic


equipment;

Adherence to predetermined work schedule

to minimize disturbance and

implementation of noise generating works

during normal work hours;

Minimum use of noise generating

equipment (example, stone cutters,

compressors);

Minimize traffic during dark hours, and use





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

117 / 154

Stage

Environme

nt Or

Social

Component



Mitigation Measures


of silencers.

Natural

habitat

Disturbance of the natural

habitat due to

construction related noise,

dust, non-seasonal works,

unprocessed residues and

etc.

Loss of natural settlement

areas due to construction

works.


of wastes;

Application of relevant construction and

seasonal work methodologies;


to the construction site.





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Flora and

fauna

Earthworks, operation of

machines, noise and etc.;

Losses or degradations

during and after

construction works, non-

seasonal works, change of

ecological situation etc.


of wastes;


to the construction site;

Application of seasonal work

methodologies where necessary.

Storage, processing,

liquidation of wastes

addressed above




procedures.

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Constructi

on

Aesthetics

and

landscape

Impact of works on

landscape and disturbance

to natural sights,

greenness and trees;

Noise, dust, residue and

etc. during and after

construction.


Restoration of damaged trees, protection

lines and etc.;


careful implementation of works in the

work sites, and management of wastes.

Restoration/planting of

greenery: $50,000





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Agriculture

Damage to agricultural

lands, including drainage

and irrigation

infrastructure.

Liaise effectively with relevant

organizations and residents before start of

construction, maintain dialogue, develop a

grievance procedure, strictly control

machinery and vehicle access and reinstate





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

118 / 154

Stage

Environme

nt Or

Social

Component



Mitigation Measures


all affected areas

Livestock

Livestock resources

damaged by machinery

and vehicles.

Liaise effectively with farmers and

residents before start of construction,

maintain dialogue, develop a grievance

procedure, strictly control machinery and

vehicle access and reinstate all affected

areas





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Health and

safety of

residents

and workers

Health risks from

unprocessed wastes;

Use of harmful substances

(paints with heavy metal,

lead compositions),

asbestos- cement slabs,

inflammable and toxic

materials etc.).

Planning of measures dealing with security

and environmental protection issues;

Adherence to project standards, good

signage, ongoing consultation with

residents, including schools. All workers to

use appropriate PPE and be trained at

project induction. Safety fencing provided.

Organization and implementation of

security and safety related trainings; WB

requirements will be followed when

replacing the asbestos-cement pipes.

Management of materials in accordance

with the relevant ecological and sanitary-

hygiene norms;



Trainings: $25,000





Construction of warehouse

for temporal storage of

hazardous wastes: $50,000

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Areas of

historical

and

cultural

value

Damage to areas of



project area

There are no areas of historic/cultural value

to be affected by project. But if it appears

relevant measures need to be taken

Staff awareness;








Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Resettleme Loss of property, land and There no need for resettlement. Costs for resettlement (if

119 / 154

Stage

Environme

nt Or

Social

Component



Mitigation Measures


nt

Land

acquisition

damage to living areas of

population

For areas where lands used for agricultural

crop production relevant plans need to be

prepared, which includes provision of

replacement lands or compensation for lost

access to plots of arable land and lost fruit

or nut trees.

any) to be negotiated by

project owner in

accordance with relevant

legislation, contractual

agreement or other

documents.

Contractor Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Operatio

ns

(potable

water

systems)

Risks to

human

health and

environmen

t

Quality of treated water Operation supervision of treatment facilities

in due accordance with the operation

guidelines;

Quality control of water flows entering the

system;


wastewater flows;

Avoid over-chlorination of water flows

supplied to the consumers.





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Breakages and emergency

situations

There is need to develop scheduled

preventative maintenance


security issues;



below





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Social-

economical


water quantities


Proper operation of the system including

water treatment, pipelines, connection lines

and etc.

Ensure an affordable tariff structure and

proper collection of fees.




operating procedure

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Operatio

ns

(sewage

Risks to

human

health and

Quality of wastewater and

its impacts on human

health and environment

Constant monitoring of wastewater flows

coming out of the wastewater treatment

plant;

Discharge of wastewater into the

environment only after adequate treatment;


environmental quality:

$12,500 one time every 2

years for 20 years

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

120 / 154

Stage

Environme

nt Or

Social

Component



Mitigation Measures


and

wastewat

er)

environmen

tal impacts


qualification raising;

Monitoring of downstream habitats to

evaluate the extent to which they return to

their previously unpolluted state.





Quality of sediments in

the treatment structures

(sludge), risks due to

agricultural consumption

of these wastes.


Monitoring of nematodes, coliforms and

heavy metals in the composition of output

sludge;

Transportation of sludge in the closed

containers;


qualification raising.

Training In application of sludge, and

monitoring of sludge application

Monitoring of sludge

quality: $10,000/year


$10,000/year


below

Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Smell generations in the

wastewater treatment

structure;

Planning and management of smell

mitigation;

Tight shutting of smell producing

equipment and containers.

Odour masking agents:

$US 5,000/year





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Operation

s

(potable

water,

sewage

and

wastewate

r)

Safe storage

of

hazardous

and non-

hazardous

wastes

Risks to human health Use of authorized sites for non-hazardous

waste disposal; support and arrangements

for setting facilities for hazardous waste

safe storage

Training: $25,000 in first

year; $5,000/year in each

following year





Contractor

Supervisor/

Amelioration JSC

Human

health

Risks to health of

residents and workers and


security issues;

Contractor

Supervisor/

121 / 154

Stage

Environme

nt Or

Social

Component



Mitigation Measures


to the environment Training of staff on sanitary and hygiene

rules to prevent infections from wastewater

discharges and sludge residues;

Provide staff with adequate protection

uniforms and facilities;

Measures to prevent emergency situations

such as leakage of chlorine gas.

Monitoring of drinking water and

wastewater quality

Amelioration JSC

Note: All mitigation measures identified in this Table should be specified in all bidding documents (Bill of Quantities) and contracts for construction and

operation of the project, and should also be including in all manuals or operating procedures that are developed. Based on above measures in total around 200000

USD need to be allocated to implement main mitigation measures.

122 / 154

The Contractor will be contractually required to conform to the requirements specified in the EIA and EMP

and will be accountable to Amelioration JSC, as the client, through its Project Implementation Unit (PIU). It

is recommended (as agreed with Amelioration JSC) that the project environmental and social safeguard

objectives will be achieved if the construction supervision consultant has an environmental expertise and

carries out environmental supervision as part of the overall project supervision.. The precise details have not

yet been determined, but the consultant will advise and support the PIU in implementation of the EIA

standards during construction and into operation. Furthermore, local Bank staff will work with the consultant

and the PIU during development of the environmental plans.

There are several mechanisms of ensuring delivery during construction of both general and site specific

mitigation developed in EIAs. One mechanism favored for the project involves requiring the Contractor to

further develop the outline requirements in an EMP by designing individual Management Plans, such as oil

and fuel storage, waste management, traffic management and pollution prevention.

This approach for each individual scheme will benefit from oversight by the PIU to form a set of

environmental requirements applicable to the project as a whole, which will ensure compliance of the work

to both national and Bank standards. Such measures will be mandated in the bidding and contract documents,

so that an overall good standard of work is achieved. This approach also has benefits of institutional capacity

training, as the knowledge and capability of Amelioration JSC will be extended to effective environmental

management and as each scheme comes on stream the PIU will benefit from knowledge gained on previous

schemes. Main elements of the Specific Management Plans are given in able 8.3

Table 8.3 List of Specific Management Plans

Specific Management

Plan

Outline of Content

Waste Management Measures to reduce, handle, separate, store and dispose waste from operations

and work sites. Requirements for monitoring, recording, inspection and

reporting. Instructions for the storage and handling of various types of

hazardous materials.

Waste Water

Management

Measures to control, collect, treat or reuse wastewater from various sources to

avoid pollution.

Air Quality Control

Measures to reduce and control air emission from various sources.

Requirements for monitoring, recording, inspection and reporting.

Dust Control Measures to reduce and control dust emissions from roads, work sites and

construction activities. Requirements for monitoring, recording, inspection

and reporting.

Noise and Vibration

Control

Measures to reduce and control noise and vibrations generated by plant at all

work sites and from transport activities. Requirements for monitoring,

recording, inspection and reporting.

Traffic Management Procedures for minimising disruption to traffic and access, especially for

public buildings such as hospitals and schools.

123 / 154

Specific Management

Plan

Outline of Content

Emergency Response Procedures for response to a range of incidents and emergencies.

Requirements for monitoring, recording, inspection and reporting.

Archaeology and

Cultural Heritage

Measures to reduce adverse impacts on cultural heritage during construction.

If any late finds are made measures must be taken to ensure ‘conservation’ in

accordance with legislation.

Oil and fuel storage and

refuelling

Specification for storage of all oils and fuels (secondary containment etc) and

procedures for refuelling vehicles, plant and equipment so as to ensure

environmental protection.

Site Inspection Procedures for site inspection and reporting including notification of non-

compliance

Handling of Complaints

and Grievances

Procedures for handling of complaints including response to complainer and

reporting.

Environmental Training

- Project Induction

- Toolbox talks

Training requirements and procedures including target groups, contents of

training sessions and verification.

Storage and use of

hazardous products &

substances

Registration, logging of material safety data sheets and risk assessment of

materials and chemicals being used in the project. Documentation

requirements.

Reinstatement Plan Plan for topsoil management and removal of all equipment and materials from

temporary work sites and reinstatement of areas to a standard at least as good

as the pre-construction condition.

8.2. Monitoring

Conducting monitoring is the major strategic tool in environmental management and the extent of project

monitoring will be dependent on the nature, scale and potential impact of the project activities. Monitoring

may require the services of environmental specialists or a company with laboratory and analytical facilities

(for complex environmental problems) or inspection by the local government environmental officers.

Main elements of the environmental monitoring plan are the following:

In construction phase:

Dust monitoring;

Noise monitoring;

Solid wastes monitoring;

Waste waters monitoring;

Soil monitoring.

124 / 154

In utilization phase:

Monitoring of water volume in water sources and water storages;

Monitoring of microbiological and chemical composition of water distributed to people, comparison

to water standards;

Monitoring of pollution level of sewage;

Monitoring of waste waters after purification;

Monitoring of depositions settled in water cleaning plants;

Monitoring of cleaned sewage in the place where it joins to sewage collector;

Monitoring of soil where depositions generated in water cleaning plants will be used as fertilizers.

Monitoring of all activities during the construction period will be under the responsibility of the Contractor,

whose environmental performance will be controlled by the Amelioration JSC (PIU and Environmental

Specialist) and supervision consultant appointed by PIU. The Contractor will prepare Specific Management

Plans (see Table 8.3 above)_ addressing all aspects of the EMP, and will establish a team for the monitoring

activities(Table 8.3).

The Contractor will be responsible for the compliance of the constructions with the national norms and

standards. Monitoring of construction activities will have to ensure that mitigation measures of construction

impacts are being implemented properly. The Contractor’s Environmental Team will be subject to the

government inspections(MENR, MoH) from time to time. The PIU may involve an individual auditing

company to conduct additional environmental monitoring of the Contractors performance. The construction

supervision consultant should have an environmental expert who will provide environmental monitoring of

construction work and report to PIU. Based on the input from supervision consultant and auditing company

the PIU should handle raised environmental issues and regularly report to the World Bank as part of overall

project progress reporting

The Environmental Monitoring Plan (see Table 8.4 below) has been prepared based on an initial monitoring

plan developed as part of the Feasibility Study.

125 / 154

Table 8.4. Environmental Monitoring Plan

Item Element Location Type of monitoring Frequency of

monitoring Purpose of monitoring

Cost

Construction

repair works

Dust

In the

construction

sites

Visual monitoring

During periodic site

visits to be carried on

daily basis by

contractor and by

monitor appointed in

the contract

To ensure adherence to

environmental protection

requirements

2500 USD

Project site and surrounding area Each month Relevance to standards and

rules

2500 USD

Wastewater flows

generated in the

construction sites

In the

construction

sites

Visual monitoring

During monthly site

visits



requirements

2500 USD

Collection of solid

wastes

In the

construction

sites

Visual monitoring During periodic site

visits



requirements

2500 USD

Utilization of solid

wastes

Abandoned

areas Visual monitoring


visits



requirements

2500 USD

Use of dangerous

materials h (paints

with heavy metals,

lead compositions,

asbestos-cement

slabs, pipes,

inflammable and

toxic substances

etc.)

In the

construction

sites with right

documentation

Visual monitoring and study of

documentation Each month



requirements

2500 USD

126 / 154

Protective

measures in the

construction site

In the

construction

sites with right

documentation

Visual monitoring Each month



and safety requirements

2500 USD

Protection of

nature

In the

construction

sites

Visual monitoring Each month



requirements

2500 USD

Earth restoration

after excavation

works

In the

construction

sites

Visual monitoring At completion of

construction works



requirements

2500 USD

Noise & vibrations

resulting from

equipment work

Project

area/close to

settlements

Portative noise metering device During periodic site

visits,on daily basis



requirements

2500 USD

Traffic operation

/movement

In the

construction

sites

visual monitoring of machinery and

b) trucks carrying construction

materials


visits



requirements

2500 USD

Reduced access

In the

construction

sites

visual monitoring During periodic site

visits on daily basis


requirements

1000 USD

Vehicle and

pedestrian safety

when there is no

construction

activity

In the

construction

sites

visual monitoring by supervisor On daily basis during

nonworking hours


requirements

2500 USD

Operation

Utilization of solid

wastes

Abandoned

areas Visual Periodic visits



requirements

1000 USD

Quality of treated

potable water

Inlet to

treatment

structure

Measuring (pH, turbidity,

suspended solids, bacteria)

In accordance with the

schedule

Relevance to standards and

norms

6000 USD Each

year

127 / 154

Adequacy of

treated potable

water to standards

Outlet to

treatment

structure

Measuring (physical-chemical and

bacteriological, including heavy

metals and pesticides on permanent

basis)


schedule

Relevance to potable water

standards

6000 USD

Quality of treated

wastewater

Outlet to

treatment

structure

Measuring (physical-chemical and

bacteriological analyses)


schedule

Relevance to standards and

norms

6000 USD each

year

Water quality

(visual, water

smell,

bacteriological,

chemical)

At up and downstream points of

water discharge and water discharge

areas (basins)

Each month



requirements

6000 USD

Quality of sludge

(sediments)

Monitoring of

nemotodes,

coliforms and

heavy metals of

sludge

composition

Physical, chemical and

bacteriological analyses

After sludge

processing

Relevance to FAO

requirements for

neutralization or reuse for

agricultural purposes

6000 USD

1

128 / 154

8.3. Capacity Assessment for the Environmental Management of the Project

There is a Department on Control of Protection and Use of Water Resources in the Amelioration JSC,

consisting of 5 staff trained under several international initiatives and programs (e.g. ADB Flood Mitigation

Project). The main functions of this department include also control of compliance with water quality and

quantity requirements during the abstraction and use of water resources for different purposes.. The PIU for

this project has a full-time Environmental Specialist who has obtained significant experience under the

Irrigation and Drainage Project financed by the World Bank. In order to further strengthen the capacity of the

PIU and the Amelioration JSC (including its local departments), the project will provide resources for

specifically targeted training sessions to cover aspects of environmental management for both construction

and operational phases of water projects. Also, the project will involve international consultancy services to

supervise the construction works, which will include environmental supervision expertise.

129 / 154

LIST OF REFERENCES

1. Verdiyev R. H. Water resources of the East Caucasus rivers, under the climate changes. Baku 2002, Elm, p.

224.

2. Potable water. Hygienic requirements to quality of water of the centralized systems of potable water

supply. Sanitary- drinking norms. M. 1996- p.111.

3. Rustamov S.G., Kashkay R.M. Water resources of the rivers Azerbaijan SSR, Baku, Elm 1989, p. 180.

4. Project of UNDP/SİDA: Reducing trans-boundary degradation of the Kura-Aras river basin. Institutional

aspects of water sector of South Caucasus countries, Tbilisi 2005.

5. Project of UNDP/SİDA: Reducing trans-boundary degradation of the Kura-Aras River Basin. An

estimation of Legislative needs for reducing of degradation of the Kura-Aras River Basin, Tbilisi 2005.

6. Farda İmanov, Rafig Verdiyev. Protection of the small rivers of flowing into the Caspian Sea with

participation of public, Baku 2006, 108 p , Adilogli editorial office.

7. Gauff and Temelsu JV Int. Eng. Ser. Inc. Joint Venture. Feasibility Studies of Water Supply and

Wastewater Investments in 16 Rayons. Shabran. August 2010, Baku, Azerbaijan

8. www.eco.gov.az

9. www.worldbank.org

10. www.azersu.az

11. www.ec.europa.eu

http://www.eco.gov.az/

http://www.worldbank.org/

http://www.azersu.az/

http://www.ec.europa.eu/

130 / 154

ANNEXES

ANNEX I. Project Area in Shabran region

ANNEX II. Proposed WS option

131 / 154

132 / 154

Annex III. Proposed Sewage System option

ANNEX IV. Proposed alternative Sewage System option

133 / 154

ANNEX V. Proposed water distribution system

134 / 154

135 / 154

ANNEX VI. DRINKING WATER QUALITY REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS

Drinking water treatment requirements should determined according to the quality of raw water from the

different sources.

EU Council Directive 75/440/EEC describes the quality required for surface water which is intended for the

abstraction of drinking water in the EU Member States:

The surface water is divided into 3 categories (A1, A2, A3) according to limiting values:

Category A1: Simple physical treatment and disinfection, e. g. rapid filtration and disinfection

Category A2: Normal physical treatment, chemical treatment and disinfection, e. g. pre-chlorination,

coagulation, flocculation, decantation, filtration, disinfection (final chlorination)

Category A3: Intensive physical and chemical treatment, extended treatment and disinfection, e. g.

chlorination to break-point, coagulation, flocculation, decantation, filtration, adsorption (activated carbon),

disinfection (ozone, final chlorination)

In the summary project FS document proposes to consider the values according to EU Directive

75/440/EEC as criterion for this Project. It has to be emphasized that treated water quality must meet the

limiting values set in “EU Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the Quality of Water Intended

for Human Consumption”. Parametric values are divided in

A) Microbiological Parameters

B) Chemical Parameters

C) Indicator Parameters

The parameters and the limiting values are listed in Annex I to Council Directive 98/83/EC.

Relevant water qualiity standards in Azerbaijan are given in below Table.

Table. Water qiality standards in Azerbaijan

INDICATOR

Standards

pH 6,0-9,0

Turbidity 1.5 mg/l

Microorganism (Colonies are formed in 1 ml test water) <100

Coliform bacteria (coliform index), intestinal bacteria formed in 1 litre of test

water

<3

Nitrates (N03) 45 mg/l

Nitrites (N02)

3 mg/l

Chlorides

350 mg/l

Phosphates

1.0 mg/l

Sulfates (S04)

500 mg/l

Total hardness

7 mmol/1

Remained chlorine 0.3-0.5

Al 0.5 mg/l

136 / 154

As 0.05 mg/l

Fe 0. 3 mg/l

Ni 0.1 mg/l

Cr (Cr6+) 0.05 mg/l

Cu (Cr2+) 1 mg/l

Zn 5 mg/l

Cd 0.001 mg/l

Pb 0.03 mg/l

Hg 0.0005 mg/l

137 / 154

ANNEX VII. WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS RESULTS OF SHABRAN

ORGANOLEPTIC PARAMETERS

Odour

qualitative

Taste

qualitative Turbidity

Suspended

Sediment

Lab N Sample ID TON Dilution

number NTU mg/l

11581 Shabran Central Pump station Baku-2 canal 1 1 <1 <1

MDL ND ND 1 1

RSD(%) ND ND 5 5

EU98

(Council

Directive

98/83/EC)

no abnormal change

no

abnormal

change

no

abnormal

change

ND

WHO's

drinking

water

standards

1993

ND ND ND ND

US EPA 3 3 4 ND

ГОСТ 2874-82 2 2 ND 1.5

TON- threshold odor number

MDL- Method Detection Limit

RSD(%)- Reliative Standard Deviation in % of

measured value

EU98- Drinking water quality standards- Council

Directive 98/83/EC on the quality of water intented for

human consumption. Adopted on 3 November 1998

WHO- World Helthy Organization

USEPA- United States Environmental Pollution

Agency

GOST- Formet Soviet Union Standardization Agency

ND- not determined

138 / 154

SENSORIC & PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS

Water

temperature* Color

Conductivity,

25°C

Redox-

Potential,

25°C

pH

value,

25°C

Dissolved

Oxygen,

O2

Hardness Total

Alkalinity Bromine

Lab N Project ID °C mg/l Pt/Co uS/cm mV mg/l mgCaCO3/l mgCaCO3/l mg/l

11581 Shabran Central Pump

station Baku-2 canal 16 <5 631 237 7.74 8.71 334 263 <0.05

MDL ND 5 10 10 ND ND 10 10 0.05

RSD(%) ND ND 5.0 5.0 ND ND 5.0 5.0 5.0

EU98 (Council Directive 98/83/EC) ND

no

abnormal

change

2500 ND 6.5÷9.5 ND ND ND ND

WHO's drinking water standards 1993 ND ND 2500 ND 6.5÷8.5 ND ND ND ND

US EPA ND 15 ND ND 6.5÷8.5 ND ND ND ND

ГОСТ 2874-82 ND 20 ND ND 6.0÷9.0 ND 7 mol/m3 ND ND

*Measured during sampling; ND- not determined

139 / 154

ANIONS

Chloride,

Cl

Sulphate,

SO4

Bicarbonate

HCO3

Nitrite,

NO2

Nitrate,

NO3

Fluoride,

F

Cyanides,

CN-

Lab N Project ID mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l

11581 Shabran Central Pump station

Baku-2 canal 9.5 92 321 0.007 14.1 0.15 0.003

MDL 0.5 0.5 10 0.002 0.1 0.02 0.002

RSD (%) 5.0 5.0 5.0 2.0 2.0 5.0 5.0

EU98 (Council Directive 98/83/EC) 250 250 ND 0.5 50 1.5 0.05

WHO's drinking water standards 1993 250 500 ND ND 50 1.5 0.07

US EPA 250 250 ND 1 10 4.0 0.2

ГОСТ 2874-82 350 500 ND ND 45 0.7 ND

140 / 154

CATIONS

Sodium,

Na

Potassium,

K

Calcium,

Ca

Magnesium.

Mg

Ammonium,

NH4

Boron,

B

Lab N Project ID mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l


Baku-2 canal 21.1 2.27 75.0 28.6 <0.01 <0.2

MDL 0.001 0.01 0.01 0.001 0.02 0.2

RSD(%) 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 5.0 5.0

EU98 (Council Directive 98/83/EC) 200 ND ND ND 0.5 1.0

WHO's drinking water standards 1993 200 ND ND ND ND ND

US EPA 200 ND ND ND ND ND

GOST ND ND ND ND ND ND

141 / 154

RADIONUCLIDES

Radium

226

Radium

228 Lead 210 Tritium

Total

indicative

dose

Lab N Project ID Bq/l Bq/l Bq/l Bq/l mSv/year


Baku-2 canal <0.41 <0.29 <2.7 <1 0.1

EU98 (Council Directive 98/83/EC) ND ND ND 100 0.1

WHO's drinking water standards 1993 ND ND ND ND ND

US EPA 180 ND ND ND

ГОСТ 2874-82 ND ND ND ND ND

142 / 154

HEAVY METALS

Aluminium,

Al

Arsenic,

As

Chromium

Cr

Nickel,

Ni

Selenium,

Se

Mercury,

Hg

Antimony,

Sb

Iron,

Fe

(total)

Manganese,

Mn (total)

Copper,

Cu

Cadmium,

Cd

Lead,

Pb

Lab N Project

ID ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l ug/l

11581

Shabran

Central

Pump

station

Baku-2

canal

0.41 0.33 0.57 0.042 1.37 <0.2 0.019 56.1 14.6 0.104 <0.01 <0.01

MDL 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.5 0.2 0.01 0.3 0.3 0.03 0.01 0.01

RSD(%) 6.0 2.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 <5.0 5.0 1.2 2.5 4.0 <5.0 5.0

EU98 (Council

Directive

98/83/EC)

200 10 50 20 10 1 5 200 50 2000 5 10

WHO's drinking

water standards

1993

200 10 50 20 10 1 5 300 500 2000 3 10

US EPA 50 10 100 100 50 2 6 300 50 1300 5 15

ГОСТ 2874-82 500 50 500 100 10 1 ND 300 100 1000 1 30

143 / 154

TOTAL ORGANICS CHARACTERIZATION

Total organic

carbon (TOC)

Permanganate

index, O2

Lab N Project ID mg/l mg/l

11581 Shabran Central Pump

station Baku-2 canal <0.3 0.64

MDL 0.3 0.4

RSD(%) 5.0 5

EU98 (Council Directive 98/83/EC) ND 5

WHO's drinking water standards 1993 ND ND

US EPA ND ND

ГОСТ 2874-82 ND ND

144 / 154

MICROBIOLOGY CHARACTERIZATION

Escheria

coli

Coliform

pathogens Enterococci

Pseudomonas

aeruginosa

Clostridium

perfringens

Colony

count @

22°

Colony

count @

36°C

Lab N Project ID c/100 ml c/100 ml c/100 ml c/100 ml c/100 ml c/1 ml c/1 ml


Baku-2 canal Not found Not found Not found Not found Not found 15 9

MDL 1 1 1 1 1 2 2

RSD NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

EU98 (Council Directive 98/83/EC) 0/250 ml 0/100 ml 0/250 ml 0/250 ml 0/100 100/ml 20/ml

WHO's drinking water standards 1993 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

ГОСТ 2874-82 0 3 ND ND ND 100 ND

Not found- Non detected bacterias during test; NA- Not Applicable

CONCLUSIONS

As results of fulfilled study program, following conclusions about water quality could be derived for

studied samples:

Organoleptic parameters: Samples complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking

water quality standards as well as EU, WHO and EPA criteria.

Sensoric & Physical-chemical

parameters:

Sample complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking


Anions and Cations content: Sample complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking

water quality standards as well as EU, WHO criteria. But only

nitrate content in sample were above US EPA criteria.

Radionuclides: Sample complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking


Heavy metals: Samples complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking


Total organics: Sample complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking


Microbiology communities: Samples complies of both USSR ГОСТ 2874-82 drinking


Hazardous organics: These tests were not applied for these samples, because

absence of oil hydrocarbons or pesticide pollution and plactic

pipes are not using in current system.

ANNEX VIII . Characteristics of Surface Water Intended for the Abstraction of Drinking Water

Parameters Unit A1 A2 A3

pH 6.5 – 8.5 5.5 – 9.0 5.5 – 9.0

Coloration (after simple filtration) mg/l Pt scale 20 100 200

Total suspended solids (SS) mg/l 25 (G)

Temperature °C 25 25 25

Conductivity at 20 °C μs/cm-1

1000 (G) 1000 (G) 1000 (G)

Odour

Dilution factor

at 25 °C

3 (G) 20 (G) 20 (G)

Nitrates (NO3) mg/l 50 50 50

Fluorides (F) mg/l 1.5

Dissiolved Iron (Fe) mg/l 0.3 2

Manganese (Mn) mg/l 0.05 (G) 0.1 (G) 1 (G)

Copper (Cu) mg/l 0.05 0.05 (G)

Zinc (Zn) mg/l 3 5 5

Boron (B) mg/l 1 (G) 1 (G) 1 (G)

Arsenic (As) mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.1

Cadmium (Cd) mg/l 0.005 0.005 0.005

Total Chromium (Cr) mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05

Lead (Pb) mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05

Selenium (Se) mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01

Mercury (Hg) mg/l 0.001 0.001 0.001

Barium (Ba) mg/l 0.1 0.1 0.1

Cyanide mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05

Sulphates (SO4) mg/l 250 250 250

Chlorides (Cl) mg/l 200 (G) 200 (G) 200 (G)

Surfactants (reacting with methyl blue) mg/l

(laurylsulphate)

0.2 (G) 0.2 (G) 0.4(G)

Phosphates (P2O5) mg/l 0.4 (G) 0.7 (G) 0.7(G)

Phenoles (C6 H5OH) mg/l 0.001 0.005 0.1

Dissolved or Emulsified Hydrocarbons mg/l 0.05 0.2 1

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons mg/l 0.0002 0.0002 0.001

Pesticides mg/l 0.001 0.0025 0.005

Dissolced Oxiygen Satuaration Rate % O2 > 70 (G) > 50 (G) > 30 (G)

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) mg/l O2 < 3 (G) < 5 (G) < 7 (G)

Nitroogen (N) by Kjeldahl Method

(Except NO3) mg/l

1 (G) 2 (G) 3 (G)

Ammonia (NH4) mg/l 0.05 (G) 1.5 4

Substances Extrahable with Chloroform mg/l SEC 0.1 (G) 0.2 (G) 0.5 (G)

Total Coliforms at 37 °C /100 ml 50 (G) 5000 (G) 50000(G)

Faecal Coliforms /100 ml 20 (G) 2000 (G) 20000(G)

Faecal Streptococci /100 ml 20 (G) 1000 (G) 10000(G)

Salmonella

Not present

in 1000 ml

Not present

in 1000 ml

Note: values marked with “G” shall be respected as guidelines.

Depending on the category the following standard methods of treatment for transforming surface water

into drinking water are defined:

ANNEX IX TREATED WASTE WATER AND SLUDGE REQUIREMENTS

In the proposed FS document it is shown that WWTP should meet the requirements of international

standards. As it states the amounts of 50 g BOD5/cap/d, 100 gCOD/cap/d , 10.5 gN/cap/d and 70 g/cap/d

total suspended substances seems to be consistent with acting standards and those used in other

European countries like Germany, Turkey etc.

As there is no legislation in Azerbaijan defining the limit effluent values of WWTPs to use international

standards for this purposes. The standard for wastewater treatment in the European Union is presented in

the Urban Wastewater Directive 91/271/EEC issued on May 21 1991. The EU-Standard differentiates

between sensitive and non-sensitive receiving water bodies.

Table 6.2 . Effluent Standards acc. EU-Directive 91/271/EEC

Parameter (Unit) Sensitive Area Non-Sensitive Area

BOD5 mg/l 25 25

COD mg/l 125 125

TSS mg/l 35 35

N,tot mg/l 15 --

P,tot mg/l 2 --

The requirements for N and P refer to annual mean values and a minimum wastewater temperature of 12°

C.

According to the Azerbaijan rules, discharge of wastewaters into water bodies is allowed only after

obtaining a permit for "special water-use". The degree to which discharged wastewaters have to be treated

(purified) is determined by the Maximum Allowable Discharge (MAD) norms for polluting substances.

These norms are normally imposed in order to gradually improve surface water quality and meet the

sanitary-hygienic requirements in proximity to water-intake structures.

Application of certain methods of use of waste water on irrigated fields depend on preliminary

preparation, with consideration of natural conditions and type of cultivated crops.

Assessment of waste water quality and its sludge, applied for irrigation and fertilization is conducted in

complex way according to agrochemical and sanitary-hygienic and veterinary-sanitary indications.

Regulation of indicators of quality of watering water and its sludge is made with consideration of soil-

climatic, hydro-geologicla conditions of territory of specific object, biological specific features of

cultivated crops and technology of irrigation. Chemical composition of waste water, used for irrigation is

assessed on the basis of activity of hydrogen ion (pH), composition of amount of dissolved salts,

availability of main biogenic elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), micro-elements and organic

substances.

Requirements for quality of wastewater and its sludge

Quality of waste water and its sludge, used for irrigation is regulated by chemical, bacteriological and

parasitological indications.

Admissible concentration of heavy metals in waste water is established depending on irrigation norm, and

it is defined in each specific case in accordance with acting requirements to waste water quality and its

sludge, used for irrgigation and fertilization.

Waste water, containing microelements, including heavy metals in quantities not exceeding MAC for

economy-potable water use, may be used for irrigation without restrictions.

Possibility of use of treated industrial and mixed waste water in at irrigated fields is settled in each

specific case by bodies and institutions of state sanitary-epidemiology and veterinary services on base of

results of special researches, directed for learning of degree and character of impact of waste water on

soil, cultivated crops, live-stock and cattle breeding production.

Requirements concerning sludge from wastewater, applied for fertilization

Use of sludge of waste water for fertilization may be admitted after its sterilization by one of methods in

accordance with acting Sanitary rules of installation and operation of agricultural fields of irrigation.

Before use of sludge at lots for fertilization, agrochemical examination of soil on following parameters is

to be conducted: pH, composition of active forms of phosphorus, potassium, heavy metals-lead,

cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, mercury, zinc. Examination is made on base of methods, accepted at

agrochemical service.

As a rule, content of heavy metals in sludge of waste water from enterprises, reprocessing agricultural

production is lower, however, nutritive substances are higher, than in sludge from city treatment facilities.

With the aim to exclude hazard of pollution of soil, production and environment by heavy metals sludge

of waste water purposed for fertilization are to be obligatorily analyzed for checking of heavy metals:

lead, cadmium, chrome, copper, nickel, mercury, and zinc.

Application of sludge of industrial –domestic waste water, containing heavy metals and composts from

them is prohibited, if introduction of these fertilizers will increase level of pollution of soils up to values

0,7-0,8 MACs

Quality control of waste water and its sludge, which are applied for irrigation and fertilization

Production laboratory control on envisaging of sanitation rules and standards at operation of at irrigated

fields includes:

• control of effectiveness of operation of plants on preliminary preparation of waste water

and its sludge before introduction at agricultural fields;

• quality control of underground and surface water, whcih are in the area of impact at

agricultural fields

• quality control of soil and agricultural production

ANNEX X. .The List Of Participants Of Public Consultation Meeting On Shabran Rayon WSS

Project

NAME

PLACE OF WORK CONTACT

1

Muasayev Yusif City representative 050 329-11-29

2 Sultanov İkram

Vice-president of the Shabran rayon

Executive power , Head of Rayon

Commission on WSS project

implementation

050 312-33-48

3 Cavadov Atabala

Shabran city representative 070 277-27-24

4

Mammadov Zahid Office of homes 050 620-45-17

5

Ibrahimov Shirinali Education Department 050 395-13-97

6

Aliyev Fikrat District executive authority 050 646-45-80

7

Gulaliyev Samir District executive authority 055 233-24-23

8

Alimammadov

Suleyman

Head of Shabran region Gas

Department

055 612-26-62

9

Mammadov Chingiz Editor of Shabran newspepar 070 358-23-01

10

Xalilov Tofig Shabran water agency 050 371-95-93

11

Khamtayev Mehman Shabran water agency 050 670-83-93

12

Hakan Mat GAUFF +90-532-

4767382

13

Mikayilov İsrafil Shabran deputy of the RSH head 050 339-19-57

14 Abdullayev Panah Project team for implementation of

the second national water supply and

sewer

050 373-75-57

15

Shirinov Boyukaga Representative of the Shabran

municipality

050 304-11-13

16 Verdiyev Rafig

EPTISA 050 349-58-84

17

Qurbanov Alamshah Education Department

18

Şukurov Eldaniz District executive authority 055 372-03-67

19

Nushiyev Fikrat District executive authority 050 394-49-54

20

Bagırov Elvin Head of Regional Department on

youth and the sport

070 250-25-11

21

Mammadov Tamraz Shabran newspaper 055 634-76-84

22

Shamilov Adil Education Department 050 345-24-02

23

Nazarova Malahat District executive authority

24

Tahirova Şarafat District executive authority

25

Bibiquluyev Alirahim Municipality chairman

26 İmanov Farda HMK 341-26-86

27

Mammadova Billura Water agency 0115 3-28-89

28

Camalova Şarqiyya Water agency 050 424-12-73

29

Qadirova Shabira Water agency 050 621-80-58

Annex XI. Public meeting on discussion of EİA report for Siyazan and Shabran regions

Shabran town 22 October 2010

Workshop was organized in the meeting venue provided by the Shabran Rayon Executive Power. The

representative of EPTİSA Rafig Verdiyev provided the general information about the Project to

participants and answered asked questions. Main discussions where about proposals of Project

Alternatives, Proposal Water sources , Environment Impact Assessment, Scheduled Activities for

Environment Management Plan, Proposed Mitigation Measures.

The Presentation followed up with interesting discussions. Discussions were mainly about water supply,

location of waste water treatment plant, sewer canals, project schedule and employment of local people in

project construction work. Some people asked about length of construction works and potential its

impacts/

The environmental consultant of the EIA informed that provided proposals will be considered in the EIA.

The essential questions and proposals during the presentation:

Comment Response

1 Mikayılov İsrafil

We propose to use2 times

powerfull pumps instead of useing

several small and weaker pumps.

This wiill allow us to keep one of

them as reserve and make their life

time londer

When chousing the pupms their economical profitability

has also been assessed . Proposed pumps are cheaper and

they can be easily replaced.

1 Lavadov Atabala:

When connnecting houses to new

WSSS who will cover expences?

There will be installed pipes ending in each

houses/yards free of charge.Residents will only cover

expences for internal connection in their yards. There are

also some discussions ongoing to get some subsidies or

grants for this purposes.

2 Nadirov Qafar

Wate from Baku pipes doesn’t fully

fit quality requirements for and can

be used for drinking water only.

Irrigation. Would it be possible to

use Samur- Absheron canal for

irrigation purposes.?

Asproject will deal only with drinking water supply it

wouldn’t be good approach if it used for irrigation as

well. It would be good for this purpose use Samur-

Absheron canal. Amelioration JSC is informed about

this and there is expectations that it will be solved

positively.

3 Qurbanov Tofiq

Will there be enough water for all?

Project consider all users, including population ,

economy and etc on the basis of Integrated water

resources use and management principles and it is

envisioned that there shouldn’t be any problem in this

regards.

4 Atabala Javadov: This issue has been discussed many times and it is agreed

Local specialists know local

conditions better than others and

will they be involved into project

work.

that main construction work will be implemented by

maximal involvement of local population..

5 Osmanov Aydın

Will there be compensation to

affected people?

If there will be any damage to proporty of population it

will certainly duely compensated.

A. Participants from Siyazan

B. Şabrandan olan iştirakçılar

republic of azerbaijan azerbaijan ......29,000 2. existing situation water supply there are no water...

Documents