reproducible graphic organizers graphic organizers ... and diagrams important inventions phone auto...
TRANSCRIPT
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Reproducible Graphic Organizers
Directions for Use and Examples
By Amanda Keller
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Main Idea and Details
• Used to show several details under one main idea • Boxes for details may be added or taken away, depending on the selected reading. • Used for any content where one idea is superior to other ideas Examples: • The ways that automobiles have affected American life
• The number 8 and different ways to make it • Main Idea and details from charts, graphs, and diagrams
Important inventions
phone
auto
computer
microwave
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Concept Map- a Variation of Main Idea
• Used when several ideas support a main idea, but not necessarily in a hierarchical structure. Ideas may be equal to each other and may interact with the main idea from any angle.
• Ideas in this structure may be connected to each other (dashed lines), or they may relate only to the central idea (solid
lines).
• This graphic is used after the concept of main idea and details is well understood.
4 x 2
23
5.5 + 2.5
8
4 + 4
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Sequence Line
• Used to show a progression, with one piece of information following others • May be open ended, or may have a definite starting point and ending point • Clue words are usually present in reading to help show the sequence of events. • With sequence lines and variations of sequence lines, it is important to identify the type of sequencing that is
occurring. I avoid calling the sequence line a TIMELINE, since TIME is only one variation of sequence. Examples: • Dates of battles in the American Civil War • Data from a graph in narrative form • Steps in solving a math problem
American Revolution
1775
War of 1812 1812
American Civil War
1864
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Cyclical Organizer- Variation of Sequence Line • Processes are often cyclical, meaning there is sometimes no clear beginning and end. • The cyclical organizer illustrates the continuation of a repeated series of steps. Examples: The Water Cycle Steps in Long Division Photosynthesis
rain falls from clouds
sun heats water,
evaporation begins
evaporation causes clouds
condensation occurs
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Literary Plot Line- Variation of Sequence Line
• Plot lines involve sequence, but also literary components, such as rising action. • The plot line shows events in a story leading up to one major event, and then the action subsiding again. Examples:
• Various types of Literature, both fiction and non-fiction
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Cause and Effect Map (Fishbone)- Variation of Sequence Line
• Cause and Effect is listed as a sequencing skill, but is important to note that cause and effect is also a separate skill, depending on its use. For the purposes of the graphic shown, cause and effect is treated as a sequence, with several causes leading to and end result. However, this is not the only way that causes and effects can interact.
• This model shows how several causes lead to a certain end result • Causes would be listed on the arrows, and the final effect in the oval at the end. Examples: • Events surrounding and including the American Revolution • Creation of compound sentences, using conjunctions to link causes to effects. (example: King George taxed
American colonists, so the colonists became angry.)
The American
colonists revolted and won their
independence.
Tea was taxed.
Papers were taxed.
Colonists had no voice
in Parliament
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Drawing Conclusions
• A series of facts represented by small rectangles lead me to conclusions listed in the large rectangle. Examples: Given facts about – I can-
geometric shapes identify the solid a particular president identify the president
was the 16th
president
Abe Lincoln
president of the Union during the Civil War
was assassinated
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Compare and Contrast
• The Venn Diagram allows students to see how two things are alike and how they are different. • A student could use a Venn diagram to write a comparison/contrast essay by simply using the three sections of the
diagram to make three paragraphs (two contrasting paragraphs, and one comparing paragraph). Examples: • Compare/Contrast the governments of two countries • Compare/Contrast mammals and reptiles • Find the least common multiple of two numbers • Compare/Contrast a pyramid and a cube
mammal
reptile
♦ has hair ♦ live babies ♦ warm-
blooded
♦ has scales ♦ lays eggs ♦ cold-blooded
♦ need food, air, and water
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Three Item Venn- Variation of the Two-Item Venn
• For more advanced students, more circles can be added to the Venn diagram to compare and contrast three or more things.
• Sometimes a certain reading assignment will require three or more circles. Examples: • Compare/Contrast the governments of three countries • Compare/Contrast mammals, reptiles, and fowl • Find the least common multiple of three numbers
5
6
8
5 10 15 20 25 35 45 50 55
0
6 12 18 36 42 48 54
30 60
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The Matrix- Variation Compare and Contrast
• The matrix allows students to see attributes in a table form. Items to be compared are listed along one axis, and attributes used for comparison are listed along the other.
• When comparing several items, this graphic seems to work better than the Venn for my students. Examples: • Comparing/Contrasting the nine planets • Comparing/Contrasting the three kinds of rock • Comparing/Contrasting the parts of speech
adverbs
adjectives
uses
when? where? how?
how many? what kind? which one?
examples
today there
quickly
ten
heavy pink
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