reprap – the open-source self-copying 3d printer · 2009-04-06 · reprap – the open-source...
TRANSCRIPT
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RepRap – the open-source self-copying 3D printer
Adrian BowyerBath University, U.K.
Networkshop 37, Cambridge, 2-IV-2009
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The two key biological phenomena
Self Replication Self Assembly
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Simple replicators get complicated replicators to do the assembly.
Rhinovirus H. sapiens
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Artificial self replicators & assemblers
Samuel Butler (1870s) John von Neumann (1950s)
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Artificial self replicators & assemblers
Viktor Zykov, Hod Lipson et al. (2005)
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Symbiosis
nectar <> reproduction
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Symbiosis
nectar <> reproduction
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Symbiosis
nectar <> reproduction cake <> reproduction
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Humanity's most powerful technology
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Genetic engineering equipment
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Suppose we made a machine that:
● Self-replicated almost all its parts
● Existed symbiotically with people, giving them goods in return for being helped to replicate (like flowers)...
● Evolved by breeding
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Suppose we made a machine that:
● Self-replicated almost all its parts
● Existed symbiotically with people, giving them goods in return for being helped to replicate (like flowers)...
● Evolved by breeding
RepRap - The Replicating Rapid Prototyper
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FFF rapid prototyping
Fused Filament Fabrication
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Rapid-prototyped write-head
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Rapid-prototyped X, Y, Z robot
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Software
PC : Java
Microcontrollers : Arduino/C
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Does it work?
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Does it work?
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Parent Child
made first grandchild part:14:00 UTC 29 May 2008
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RepRap part count
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Rapid-prototyped electric circuits
John Sargrove
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Hubris
What will happen if RepRap is successful?
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Start by making RepRap free hardware
Linux
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Reprappers
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Exponential growth
10,000 per hour
Say the RepRap machine takes one day to copy itself, and to make one comb...
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Evolution
● People will improve the design.
● Improvements will be posted back on the Web.
● Old machines can make new designs.
● Breeding – speed, simplicity, accuracy, fewer added parts...
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Economics
It doesn't matter how much the first RepRap machine costs, all the rest will cost:
raw-materials + assembly-time.
● Once you have one, you can have any number.
● No one can make money by selling RepRap. ● Cost of raw materials, motors, chips etc:
EUR 500
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Environment
● Energy costs.
● Material supply - biomass.
● Bringing manufacturing to the poorest people.
● Making manufacturing like agriculture.
● Recycling.
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Some initial reprapped products
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Some initial reprapped products
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Some initial reprapped products
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Some initial reprapped products
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Some initial reprapped products
More on the RepRap website contributed by the public.
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A surprising scientific finding...
To achieve reproduction we don't need:
● Accuracy● Repeatability
We just need:
● Geometric complexity
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The Future?Now almost everyone in the developed world runs their own:
● CD pressing plant
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The Future?Now almost everyone in the developed world runs their own:
● CD pressing plant
● Photographic laboratory
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The Future?Now almost everyone in the developed world runs their own:
● CD pressing plant
● Photographic laboratory
● Printing press
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Why not their own factory...
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..that makes more factories?
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Project website:
http://reprap.org