reported speech. when you want to say what another person said before, you can use that person’s...
TRANSCRIPT
WHEN YOU WANT TO SAY WHAT WHEN YOU WANT TO SAY WHAT ANOTHER PERSON SAID BEFORE, YOU ANOTHER PERSON SAID BEFORE, YOU
CAN USE THAT PERSON’S OWN CAN USE THAT PERSON’S OWN WORDS, AND IT IS CALLED:WORDS, AND IT IS CALLED:
DIRECT SPEECHDIRECT SPEECH A QUOTATIONA QUOTATION
YOU CAN REPORT WHAT YOU CAN REPORT WHAT THE OTHER PERSON SAID, THE OTHER PERSON SAID, USING YOUR OWN WORDS. USING YOUR OWN WORDS.
IT IS CALLED:IT IS CALLED: INDIRECT SPEECHINDIRECT SPEECH Tom: “I love you.”Tom: “I love you.” Tom said that he loved her.Tom said that he loved her.
TELL OR SAY?TELL OR SAY?
WHEN WE WANT TO MENTION THE WHEN WE WANT TO MENTION THE HEARER, WE USE:HEARER, WE USE:
TELLTELL WHEN WE DO NOT WANT TO WHEN WE DO NOT WANT TO
MENTION THE HEARER, WE USEMENTION THE HEARER, WE USE
SAYSAY
WE DON’T HAVE TO ADD WE DON’T HAVE TO ADD “THAT” AFTER “THAT” AFTER TELLTELL OR OR SAYSAY
IF WE DON’T WANT TOIF WE DON’T WANT TO
BUT IN __________ TEXTS IT IS BETTER BUT IN __________ TEXTS IT IS BETTER TO DO THATTO DO THAT
FORMALFORMAL
OTHER REPORTING OTHER REPORTING CLAUSES:CLAUSES:
WE CAN USE A CLAUSE WITH WE CAN USE A CLAUSE WITH THATTHAT WITH THE FOLLOWING VERBS AND WITH THE FOLLOWING VERBS AND THEY ARE USED LIKE THEY ARE USED LIKE SAYSAY AND AND TELLTELL
THEY ARE:THEY ARE:
ADMITADMIT ADVISEADVISE AGREEAGREE INSISTINSIST PROMISEPROMISE REMINDREMIND SUGGESTSUGGEST WARNWARN
CHANGESCHANGES
WHEN WE USE REPORTED SPEECH, WHEN WE USE REPORTED SPEECH, SOME CHANGES TAKE PLACE:SOME CHANGES TAKE PLACE:
- PERSON- PERSON
- TIME/PLACE- TIME/PLACE
- VERB TENSES- VERB TENSES
CHANGES OF TIMECHANGES OF TIMENOW –NOW –˃˃
THENTHENTODAY TODAY ––˃ ˃
THAT DAYTHAT DAYYESTERDAY YESTERDAY ––˃ ˃
THAT DAY BEFORETHAT DAY BEFORETHE PREVIOUS DAYTHE PREVIOUS DAY
TOMORROW TOMORROW ––˃ ˃ THE NEXT DAYTHE NEXT DAYTHE FOLLOWING DAYTHE FOLLOWING DAY
TENSE CHANGESTENSE CHANGES
PRESENT SIMPLE –PRESENT SIMPLE –˃˃ PAST SIMPLEPAST SIMPLE
He is tired.He is tired.He was tired.He was tired.
PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT ––˃˃ PAST PERFECTPAST PERFECT
He has eaten.He has eaten.He had eaten.He had eaten.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS –PRESENT CONTINUOUS –˃ ˃ PAST CONT.PAST CONT.
He is playing.He is playing.He was playing.He was playing.
FUTURE SIMPLE FUTURE SIMPLE ––˃ ˃ CONDITIONALCONDITIONAL
He will go.He will go.He would go.He would go.
CAN –CAN –˃ ˃ COULDCOULD
MUST MUST ––˃ ˃ HAD TOHAD TO
PAST SIMPLE PAST SIMPLE ––˃ ˃ PAST SIMPLEPAST SIMPLEPAST PERFECTPAST PERFECT
QUESTIONSQUESTIONS
DO WE USE AUXILIARIES IN DO WE USE AUXILIARIES IN REPORTED SPEECH QUESTIONS?REPORTED SPEECH QUESTIONS?
FORM A QUESTION:FORM A QUESTION:
Are you coming with us?Are you coming with us?
Reported speech:Reported speech:
He wanted to know if I was He wanted to know if I was going/coming with them.going/coming with them.