report religious conflicts, georgia

8/13/2019 Report Religious conflicts, Georgia

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sekularizmis krizisi da loialobadominanti jgufis mimarT

saxelmwifos roli 2012-2013 wlebSisaqarTveloSi gamovlenili religiuri

konfliqtebis mogvarebaSi

2013

EMCHuman Rights Education and Monitoring Center

adamianis uflebebis swavlebisa da monitoringis centri

adamianis uflebebis swavlebisa da monitoringis centri ( EMC )


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EMCHuman Rights Education and Monitoring Center

adamianis uflebebis swavlebisa da monitoringis centri

kvleva momzadda adamianis uflebebis swavlebisa da monitoringis centris (EMC) mier aRmosavleT-dasavleTis marTvis institutis (EWMI) programis saqarTveloSisajaro politikis, advokatirebisa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ganviTareba (G-PAC) farglebSi.

kvlevis Catareba SesaZlebeli gaxda amerikeli xalxis gulisxmieri mxardaWerisSedegad, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos (USAID) dafinansebiT.

kvlevis Sinaarsze mTlianad pasuxismgebelia adamianis uflebebis swavlebisada monitoringis centri (EMC) . is SesaZloa ar gamoxatavdes USAID -is, amerikisSeerTebuli Statebis mTavrobis an EWMI -is Sexedulebebs.

avtori: TamTa miqelaZe

mkvlevarTa jgufi: lina RvinianiZe maia barkaia

giorgi noniaSvili daTo laRiZe

nino guruli

redaqtori: zaal CxeiZe

Targmani: mariam uberiTaTuli Wubabria

adamianis uflebebis swavlebisa da monitoringis centri (EMC)

misamarTi: SaniZis quCa #3, 0179, Tbilisi, saqarTvelotel: (+995 32) 223 15 58el. fosta: [email protected]: https: www.facebook.com/RIGHTSEMCtiraJi: 500

akrZalulia aq moyvanili masalebis gadabeWdva, gamravleba an gavrceleba

komerciuli mizniT, centris werilobiTi nebarTvis gareSe.

ISBN 978-9941-451-12-6`saunje~, gamomcemeli vaJa wowkolauriSAUNJE publishing house, Vazha Tsotskolauri


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sarCevi

Sesavali.....................................................................................................................................................1. kvlevis mizani da kvlevis meTodologia.................................................................................81.1 kvlevis mizani......................................................................................................81.2 kvlevis meTodologia........................................................................................91.2.1. empiriuli masalis mogrovebis instrumentebi............................................91.2.2. nigvzianSi, winwyarosa da samTawyaroSi Catarebuli kvleviTisamuSaoebis aRwera..................................................................................................101.2.3. empiriuli masalis Teoriuli damuSavebis instrumentebi.......................112. sofel nigvzianSi gamovlenili religiuri konfliqtismimoxilva.................................................................................................................................................2.1. sofeli nigvzianis mosaxleobis socialuri da religiuri kompozicia .......................................................................................................................................122.2. sofel nigvzianSi mimdinare religiuri konfliqtis qronologia dadinamika....................................................................................................................122.2.1 pirveli religiuri xasiaTis dapirispireba, romelic sofel nigvzianSi2010 wels gamovlinda.............................................................................................122.2.2. meore religiuri konfliqti, romelic sofel nigvzianSi 2012 wlisoqtomber-noemberSi gamovlinda .........................................................................132.2.3. sofel nigvzianSi dRes arsebuli mdgomareoba .......................................172.3. mxareTa Sefasebebi konfliqtis mizezebis Taobaze ...................................182.3.1 konfliqtis politikuri konteqstebi .......................................................192.3.2. adgilobriv sajaro politikaSi muslimi Temis CarTulobis problemada SesaZlo diskriminaciuli midgomebi maT mimarT .........................................232.3.3. prozelitizmis problema nigvzianis sajaro skolaSi ............................242.3.4. aWareli muslimebis identoba da maTi indoqtrinaciis procesi sofelnigvzianSi................................................................................................................262.3.5. socialuri kontrastebis gamo Temebs Soris gaucxoebis tendencia ....28

2.4. konfliqtis mxareTa Sefasebebi konfliqtis daregulirebis procesSiZiriTadi aqtorebis mier Sesrulebuli rolis Sesaxeb .....................................282.4.1. sofeli nigvzianis muslimi Temis Sefasebebi ...........................................292.4.2. sofeli nigvzianis marTlmadidebeli Temis Sefasebebi...........................303. sofel winwyaroSi gamovlenili religiuri konfliqtis mimoxilva .................323.1. sofeli winwyaros mosaxleobis socialuri da religiuri kompozicia....323.2. sofel winwyaroSi gamovlenili religiuri konfliqtis qronologia dadinamika....................................................................................................................32


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3.2.1. samlocvelos gaxsna sofel winwyaroSi......................................................323.2.2. sofel winwyaroSi gamovlenili konfliqtis qronologia da mimoxilva....333.2.3. sofel winwyaroSi dRes arsebuli mdgomareoba........................................383.3. mxareTa Sefasebebi sofel winwyaroSi mimdinare konfliqtis mizezebisTaobaze....................................................................................................................38

3.3.1. konfliqtis politikuri konteqstebi........................................................383.3.2. jvris moWris incidenti da mxareebis mier aRniSnuli faqtis Sefaseba ......403.3.3. samlocvelos gaxsnis Taobaze gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesSiadgilobrivi mosaxleobis CarTulobis problema ............................................413.3.4. prozelitizmis problema winwyaros sajaro skolaSi ............................423.3.5. aWareli muslimebis identoba da maTi indoqtrinaciis procesi sofelwinwyaroSi...............................................................................................................423.4. konfliqtis mxareTa Sefasebebi konfliqtis daregulirebis procesSi

ZiriTadi aqtorebis mier Sesrulebli rolis Sesaxeb.......................................433.4.1. sofeli winwyaros muslimi Temis Sefasebebi............................................433.4.2. sofeli winwyaros marTlmadidebeli Temis Sefasebebi ............................44 4. sofel samTawyaroSi gamovlenili religiuri konfliqtis mimoxilva...............454.1. sofeli samTawyaroSi mosaxleobis socialuri dareligiuri kompozicia............................................................................................454.2. religiuri konfliqtis qronologia da dinamika ......................................464.2.1. samlocvelos gaxsna sofel samTawyaroSi ................................................46

4.2.2. konfliqtis pirveli dRe _ 2013 wlis 24 maisi.........................................474.2.3. 2013 wls 31 maisis dapirispireba ..............................................................494.2.4. 2013 wlis 7 ivniss adgilobriv xojaze ganxorcielebuli zewola .......504.2.5. 2013 wlis 14 ivniss reintegraciis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministrisviziti samTawyaroSi..............................................................................................514.2.6. 2013 wlis 28 ivniss adgilobrivi xojas sacxovrebelSi SeWrisa da mismimarT ganxorcielebuli Zaladobis muqaris faqti ........................................524.2.7. adgilobrivi xojas mier soflis datoveba da locvis Sewyveta

samlocveloSi .......................................................................................................544.2.8. konfliqtis Semdgomi situacia da dRes arsebuli mdgomareobasofelSi .................................................................................................................544.2.9. sofeli samTawyaros muslimi Temis poziciebi konfliqtis Taobaze ...554.2.10. sofeli samTawyaros marTlmadidebeli Temis Sefasebebikonfliqtis Taobaze...............................................................................................564.3. mxareTa Sefasebebi konfliqtis mizezebis Taobaze ...................................574.3.1. konfliqtis politikuri konteqstebi.......................................................57


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4.3.2. aWareli muslimebis identoba da maTi indoqtrinaciis procesi sofelsamTawyaroSi...........................................................................................................584.4. konfliqtis mxareTa Sefasebebi konfliqtis daregulirebis procesSiZiriTadi aqtorebis mier Sesrulebuli rolis Sesaxeb ...................................604.4.1. sofeli samTawyaros adgilobrivi muslimi Temis Sefasebebi...........60

4.4.2. sofeli samTawyaros marTlmadidebeli Temis Sefasebebi ......................605. religiuri konfliqtebis mogvarebis procesSi saxelmwifos mierSesrulebuli rolis Sefaseba ........................................................................................................615.1. zogadi mimoxilva ............................................................................................615.2. konfliqtebis drouli da efeqturi aRkveTis mizniT saxelmwifos mierganxorcielebuli politikis analizi ................................................................635.3. konfliqtis mSvidobiani da samarTliani gadawyvetis mizniT saxelmwifosmier ganxorcielebuli politikis analizi .......................................................65

5.4. konfliqtebis daregulirebis procesSi saxelmwifos mier sekularizmisprincipis darRveva ...............................................................................................685.5. konfliqtebis kompleqsuri gaazreba da maTi prevenciis mizniTpozitiuri RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebis saWiroeba .......................................696. religiur konfliqtebTan dakavSirebiT saxelmwifosTvis momzadebulizogadi rekomendaciebi.......................................................................................................................706.1. rekomendaciebi, romelic Sinagan saqmeTa saministros miemarTeba...........706.2. rekomendaciebi, romelic ganaTlebis saministros miemarTeba ................71

6.3. rekomendaciebi, romelic reintegraciis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifoministris aparats miemarTeba ..............................................................................716.4. rekomendaciebi, romelic saqarTvelos iusticiis saministrosmiemarTeba ..............................................................................................................726.5. rekomendaciebi, romelic regionaluri ganviTarebisa da infrastruqturissaministrosa da adgilobriv TviTmmarTvelobebs miemarTeba ....................... 736.6. rekomendaciebi, romelic parlamentsa da politikur partiebsmiemarTebaT ...........................................................................................................73

daskvna ....................................................................................................................................................bibliografia ...........................................................................................................................................76

saqarTveloSi gamovlenili religiuri konfliqtebis politikuri dasocialuri konteqstebis analizi.................................................................................................77

bibliografia ...........................................................................................................................................86


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Sesavali

winamdebare kvleva, romelic adamianis uflebebis dokumentirebisangariSs warmoadgens adamianis uflebebis swavlebisa da monitoringis centris(EMC) mier aRmosavleT-dasavleTis marTvis institutis (EWMI) programa _sajaro politikis, advokatirebisa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ganviTarebasaqarTveloSi (G-PAC) mxardaWeriTa da amerikis SeerTebuli StatebissaerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos (USAID) dafinansebiT momzadda. kvlevamiznad isaxavs 2012-2013 wlebSi saqarTvelos ramdenime regionSi, kerZod,sofel nigvzianSi (lanCxuTis municipaliteti), sofel winwyarosa (TeTriwyarosmunicipaliteti) da sofel samTawyaroSi (dedofliswyaros municipaliteti)gamovlenili religiuri konfliqtebis Seswavlas, konfliqtebis daregu-lirebis procesSi saxelmwifos mier gatarebuli politikis analizsa daadgilobrivi da centraluri xelisuflebisTvis rekomendaciebis wardgenaskonfliqtis adgilebSi arsebuli problemebis gadawyvetisa da momavalSimsgavsi konfliqtebis prevenciis mizniT. kvleva religiur konfliqtebserTian dinamikaSi ganixilavs da mimoixilavs im socialur da politikurkonteqstebs, romelic gavlenas axdenda konfliqtebze.

kvlevaSi detalurad aris warmodgenili nigvzianSi, winwyarosa dasamTawyaroSi gamovlenili religiuri konfliqtebis narativi, romelicmoicavs konfliqtis istorias, mis dinamikas, konfliqtis adgilebSi dResarsebuli mdgomareobis, konfliqtis mizezebis Taobaze da konfliqtisgadawyvetis mizniT saxelmwifos, iseve rogorc religiuri aqtorebis,sazogadoebrivi organizaciebisa da mediis mier Sesrulebuli rolTan

dakavSirebiT konfliqtis mxareebis Sefasebebis mimoxilvas (kvlevis me-2, me-3da me-4 Tavebi).

kvlevis me-5 TavSi Sefasebulia sofel nigvzianSi, sofel winwyarosada sofel samTawyaroSi gamovlenili religiuri konfliqtebis mSvidobianida samarTliani gadawyvetis mizniT saxelmwifos mier ganxorcielebulipolitika. saxelmwifos rolis Sefasebis dros kvleva iyenebs kriteriumebs,romelic efeqtianobis, samarTlianobisa da sekularizmis principebidangamomdinareobs.

kvlevis me-6 TavSi warmodgenilia centraluri da adgilobrivixelisuflebisTvis EMC- is mier momzadebuli zogadi xasiaTis rekomendaciebi,romelic konfliqtebis gamomwvevi mizezebis aRkveTisa da momavalSi maTi/ msgavsi konfliqtebis prevenciis mizniT gasatarebel RonisZiebebs moicavs.rekomendaciebi individualurad aris gawerili relevanturi uwyebebismixedviT.


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1. kvlevis mizani da kvlevis meTodologia

kvlevis meTodologia sakvlevi procesis bunebiTa da kvlevis miznebiTganisazRvreba. mocemul SemTxvevaSi kvlevis mizani im lokalur da makrodoneze arsebuli mizezebisa Tu konteqstebis gamovlena iyo, romelmac xeliSeuwyo gansaxilveli religiuri konfliqtebis warmoSobas da ganapiroba isini.

1.1. kvlevis mizani

2012 wlis pirveli oqtombris saparlamento arCevnebis Semdeg, sakmaodmokle droSi sxvadasxva geografiul arealSi lokaluri religiurikonfliqtebis gamovlenam maTi erTian dinamikaSi ganxilvis aucilebloba Seqmna.miuxedavad imisa, rom konfliqtebis Sefasebis dros zogierTi saxelmwifoTanamdebobis piri konfliqtebis xelovnurobis/konspiraciis Teorias iyenebdada ar aRiarebda adgilebze arsebul problemebs, konfliqtebis zedapirulidakvirvebac ki (rac SemdgomSi kvlevis mier dadasturda) aCvenebda, rommimdinare religiuri konfliqtebi ar iyo sporaduli, religiis Tavisuflebisdacvis kuTxiT qveyanaSi arsebuli sistemuri problemebis Sedegi gaxldaT daamavdroulad, maT aSkara manifestacias axdenda. konfliqtSi dapirispirebulireligiuri jgufebis aRqmebi da damokidebulebebi ki adgilobriv qristian damuslim Temebs Soris gaucxoebis Rrma kvals aCvenebda. Sesabamisad, aSkaraiyo, rom konfliqtebi lokalur da SemdgomSi erTian dinamikur SeswavlasmoiTxovda.

gansaxilveli religiuri konfliqtebis ganviTarebisa da konfliqtebisgadawyvetis mizniT saxelmwifos mier gatarebuli politikis prima facie Sefaseba aCvenebda, rom saxelmwifos usamarTlo da arasekularulmapolitikam pirveli (nigvzianis) konfliqtis SemTxvevaSi ganapiroba misi sxvaadgilebSi gavrceleba da gazarda uflebebis SezRudvis masStabi. religiurikonfliqtebis konteqstSi sekularuli wonasworobis darRvevis Taobazemtkicebebs, rac konfliqtebis dros saxelmwifos mier samarTaldarRvevebzeadekvaturi reagirebis uaryofasa da konfliqtebis gadawyvetis funqciisreligiuri aqtorebisTvis gadandobaSi gamoixata, bolo periodSi saqarTveloSiganviTarebuli movlenebis Suqze 1 kidev ufro myari empiriuli safuZvelimieca da am sakiTxis Sefasebam gansaxilveli konfliqtebis analizis procesSigadamwyveti mniSvneloba SeiZina.

1 igulisxmeba 17 maiss homofobiisa da transfobiis winaaRmdeg brZolissaerTaSoriso dResTan dakavSirebiT dagegmil aqciaze eklesiis mier organizebulikontrdemonstracia, aseve centraluri xelisuflebis mier sofeli Welas (adigenismunicipaliteti) meCeTis minareTis demontaJi da policiis mier adgilobrivimuslimebis winaaRmdeg araproporciuli Zalis gamoyenebis faqtebi.


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amdenad, winamdebare kvlevis mizania, erTis mxriv, saxelmwifos politikisSeswavla, Tu ramdenad SeZlo man gansaxilveli religiuri konfliqtebisdaregulireba Tanasworobisa da religiis Tavisuflebis pativiscemiTa dasekularizmis principis dacviT. meores mxriv ki im socialuri, politikurida kulturuli pirobebis Cveneba, romelic adgilobrivi mosaxleobisdamokidebulebebis Seswavlis dros gamovlinda da romelic gavlenas axdendakonfliqtebis warmoSobaze.

kvlevis mizani ar aris sxvadasxva politikuri Zalebis mier konfliqtebisxelovnurad warmoSobis Taobaze Teoriebis namdvilobis Semowmeba, rad-gan amgvari konspiraciis arsebobis pirobebSic ki konfliqtebis drosgamovlenili problemebi miuTiTebs maT sistemur xasiaTze, romelic religiisTavisuflebis, sekularizmisa da tolerantobis principebis dacvis kuTxiTsaxelmwifoSi arsebobs.

1.2. kvlevis meTodologia

1.2.1. empiriuli masalis mogrovebis instrumentebi

kvleva ZiriTadad konfliqtebis mimdinareobis dros mogrovebulidokumenturi masalisa da mogvianebiT proeqtis jgufis mier kvlevisfarglebSi konfliqtis ZiriTadi aqtorebisgan (adgilobrivi Temebi, adgi-lobrivi xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi, sasuliero pirebi, sajaro skolebisadministracia) aRebuli CaRrmavebuli interviuebis kritikul diskurs analizs

efuZneba. Sesabamisad, kvlevaSi Tvisobrivi kvlevis meTodebia gamoyenebuli.kvleva or droiT etaps moicavda _ uSualod konfliqtis mimdinareobisa

da konfliqtis daregulirebis/konservaciis Semdgom periods. aRniSnuletapze mxareTa poziciebSi cvlileba SeimCneva, rac drois gasvlasTan erTadmxareebis mier procesebis racionalizaciiTa da molodinebis gadafasebiTSeiZleba aixsnas.

respodentebis SerCevis dros EMC -is kvlevis jgufma gaiTvaliswina,maTi religiuri, regionaluri da genderuli kuTvnileba. kvlevis farglebSi

gamokiTxulia respodentebis gacilebiT ufro didi jgufi, vidre kvlevaSigamoyenebuli interviuebis ricxvia. im SemTvevaSi, Tu respodentebis axsna-ganmartebebis Sinaarsi arsebiTad emTxveoda erTmaneTs, kvlevis jgufi aRaraxdenda momdevno msgavsi interviuebis dokumentirebas. mTlianobaSi, kvlevisfarglebSi gamokiTxuli pirebis ricxvi (TiToeul sofelSi daaxloebiT 25-mde adamiani) sakmarisia maT mier gakeTebuli Sefasebebis generalizaciisTvis.kvlevaSi gamoyenebuli konfliqtis orive mxaris interviuebis ricxvi TiTqmisTanabaria.


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kvlevis farglebSi EMC -im SeZlo adgilobrivi qristiani sasulieropirebisgan interviuebis aReba, Tumca, araerTi mimarTvis miuxedavad, saqarT-velos samociqulo avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis sapatriarqom(SemdgomSi sapatriaqrom) uari Tqva religiuri konfliqtebis Taobaze saku-Tari oficialuri Sefasebis gakeTebaze.

media saSualebebis mier gadaRebuli video da beWdviTi masalisa da EMC -iskvlevis jgufis savele samuSaoebis dros konfliqtis ZiriTadi aqtorebisganaRebul axsna-ganmartebebTan erTad, kvlevaSi gamoyenebulia konfliqtisdros saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis pirebis mier gakeTebuli sajaro gancxadebebi,Sexvedrebis stenografiuli Canawerebi, saxelmwifo uwyebebidan gamoTxovilisajaro informacia, aseve konfliqtebTan dakavSirebiT saxalxo damcvelisada arasamTavrobo organizaciebis Sefasebebi.

kvleva ZiriTadad konfliqtis mxareebisa da ZiriTadi aqtorebisganaRebul axsna-ganmartebebs efuZneba da maTi damokidebulebebis, aRqmebistendenciebs aCvenebs. kvlevis farglebSi srulyofilad aris Seswavliliis faqtobrivi garemoebebi, romlebic konfliqtis mizezebs an konfliqtisganviTarebisTvis mniSvnelovan epizods ukavSirdeba, Tumca, cxadia, kvlevaSidamoukideblad ar aris gamokvleuli yvela is faqti, romelsac mxareebisakuTar interviuebSi uTiTeben. kvlevaSi amgvari faqtebis miTiTebis mizezigaxda sxva respodentebis ganmartebebSi maTi ganmeorebiToba, kvlevismier gamovlenili zogadi tendenciisTvis maTi simptomuri mniSvneloba, ankonkretuli pirisTvis amgvari subieqturi aRqmis niSandoblivoba.

1.2.2. nigvzianSi, winwyarosa da samTawyaroSi Catarebuli kvleviTisamuSaoebis aRwera

i. sofel nigvzianSi Catarebuli kvleviTi samuSaoebis aRwera

sofel nigvzianSi savele kvleviTi samuSaoebi 2013 wlis ivnissa da ivlisSi,konfliqtidan 7-8 Tvis Semdeg Catarda. konfliqtis mimdinareobis drosproeqtis jgufis wevrebs ar miecaT SesaZlebloba, uSualod dakvirvebodnenprocess da am periodis analizi media saSualebebis mier gadaRebul video

da beWdur masalas emyareba. savele kvleviTi samuSaoebis dro kvlevisjgufis mier aRebuli CaRmavebuli interviuebidan kvleva uSualod imowmebsda teqstad iyenebs Semdegi pirebis axsna-ganmartebebs: soflis rwmunebuli,skolis direqtori da misi moadgile, skolis 2 maswavlebeli, adgilobrivimRvdeli, adgilobrivi xoja, samufTos warmomadgeneli, 3 adgilobriviqristiani piri, 7 adgilobrivi muslimi piri.


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ii. sofel winwyaroSi Catarebuli kvleviTi samuSaoebis aRwera

sofel winwyaroSi mimdinare religiur konfliqts kvlevis jgufiuSualod akvirdeboda da maT mier Segrovda konfliqtis amsaxveli araerTi video masala. meore etapis kvleviTi samuSaoebi sofelSi 2013 wlismaisis TveSi, konfliqtidan 6 Tvis Semdeg Catarda. winwyaroSi gamovlenilikonfliqtis Sefasebisas kvleva uSualod iyenebs da perefrazirebs SemdegpirTa interviuebs: soflis rwmunebuli, skolis 2 maswavlebeli, samufToswarmomadgeneli, adgilobrivi xoja, manglisisa da walkis eparqiis mitro-politi, 9 adgilobrivi qristiani piri, 8 adgilobrivi muslimi piri.

iii . sofel samTawyaroSi Catarebuli kvleviTi samuSaoebis aRwera

sofel samTawyaroSi konfliqtis mimdinareobis dros kvlevis samuSao

jgufi adgilze imyofeboda da SeZlo ara erTi video dokumenturi masalisSegroveba. meore etapis kvleviTi savele samuSaoebi samTawyaroSi 2013 wlisoqtombris TveSi, konfliqtidan 3 Tvis Semdeg Catarda. kvlevis teqstSiuSualod gamoyenebulia Semdegi pirebis axsna-ganmartebebi: adgilobrivi xojasuliko xozrevaniZe da misi meuRle, nigvzianis sajaro skolis direqtorida skolis saswavlo nawili, soflis teritoriuli organos rwmunebuli,dedofliswyaros municipalitetis sakrebulos deputati, adgilobrivimRvdeli, 6 muslimi mlocveli, 6 adgilobrivi qristiani.

1.2.3. empiriuli masalis Teoriuli damuSavebis instrumentebi

kvlevis procesSi Segrovebulma empiriulma masalam SesaZlebeli gaxadareligiuri konfliqtebis sruli suraTis rekonstruqcia. konfliqtebisnarativis aRdgenis Semdeg ganxorcielda respodentebis axsna-ganmartebebis,media saSualebebSi gavrcelebuli informaciis, saxelmwifo Tanamdebobispirebis oficialuri sajaro gancxadebebis kritikuli diskurs analizi.miRebuli analizis Sedegebi ki sekularizmis principisa da religiisTavisuflebis qveS saxelmwifos valdebulebebis Taobaze saerTaSoriso

samarTlebrivi standartebis Suqze Sefasda.saxelmwifosTvis wardgenili rekomendaciebis momzadebis dros aseve

gamoyenebuli iqna saxalxo damcvelis, saerTaSoriso organizaciebis,arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier religiis Tavisuflebis dacvis kuTxiTqveyanaSi arsebul mdgomareobaze gakeTebuli angariSebi da moxsenebebi.


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2. sofel nigvzianSi gamovlenili religiuri konfliqtis mimoxilva

2.1. sofeli nigvzianis mosaxleobis socialuri da religiuri kompozicia

sofeli nigvziani guriis regionSi, lanCxuTis municipalitetSi mdebareobs.sofelSi 1300-mde ojaxi cxovrobs, mosaxleobis umravlesobas adgilobriviguruli Temi qmnis, romelic Tavs marTlmadidebel qristian mrevlsmiakuTvnebs. mosaxleobis daaxloebiT 35%-s 1970-ian wlebSi maRalmTianiaWaridan Camosaxlebuli ekomigrantebi Seadgenen. aWarelTa didi nawili Tavisidentificirebas qarTvel muslimad axdens. Tumca, aWarlebis garkveulinawili am drois ganmavlobaSi gaqristianda. sofel nigvzianSi CamosaxlebisSemdeg aWarelma ekomigrantebma moaxerxes ekonomikuri ganviTareba daintegracia. adgilobriv mosaxleobasa da aWaridan Camosaxlebul Tems SoriskeTilmezobluri urTierToba damyarda. fiqsirdeba Temebs Soris qorwinebisSemTxvevebic. Tumca, Temebis atitudebis CaRrmavebuli kvleva aCvenebs, rommxareebs Soris arsebobda gaucxoebis tendencia socialuri da religiurigansxvavebebis gamo, rac, rogorc Cans, Ria konfliqtamde latentur xasiaTsatarebda (ix. qvemoT qveTavebi 2.3.3 _ 2.3.5).

2.2. sofel nigvzianSi mimdinare religiuri konfliqtis qronologia dadinamika

2.2.1 pirveli religiuri xasiaTis dapirispireba, romelic sofel nigvzianSi2010 wels gamovlinda

2010 wlamde sofel nigvzianSi qristiani da muslimi Temebis TanacxovrebaSireligiuri niSniT Ria dapirispireba ar gamovlenila. Tumca, konfliqtisSemdeg mxareebis atitudebis CaRmavebuli kvleva adgilobriv qristian damuslim Temebs Soris religiuri da socialur-ekonomikuri niSniT gansxvavebisgamo gaucxoebis niSnebs avlens.

2010 wels adgilobrivma muslimma Temma sofelSi samlocvelos gaxsnagadawyvita. nigvziansa da mis mimdebare soflebSi ar funqcionirebdasamlocvelo, ris gamoc am teritoriaze mcxovreb muslim mlocvelebs baTumisan qobuleTis meCeTebSi Casvla uwevdaT. Tumca, muslimebis ganmartebiT,finansuri da drosTan dakavSirebuli resursis gamo, xSirad am qalaqebSisalocavad Casvla maTTvis SeuZlebeli iyo. muslimi Temis ganmartebiT, sofelnigvzianSi Casaxlebis pirvel periodSi isini ekonomikur gaZlierebasa daadgilze socialur adaptirebas cdilobdnen, Semdeg ki samlocvelos gaxsnissaWiroebac gauCndaT.

muslimi Temis am gadawyvetilebas adgilobrivi mosaxleoba da xelisuflebadaupirspirda da ar dauSva samlocvelos aSeneba. erT-erTi muslimi mlocveli


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Tavis axsna-ganmartebaSi ixsenebs: [...] patara meCeTi unda agveSenebina.goguaZe [igulisxmeba giorgi goguaZe, im dros lanCxuTis municipalitetisrwmunebuli] moiyvana xalxma. maSinve dagvaSlevines yvelaferi. fundamentiiyo ukve Casxmuli. aqauri xalxi movida da gviTxra, rom ar SeiZleba aSenebao.[...] Segvawyvetines mSenebloba. igives adasturebs sxva muslimi mlocveliTavis axsna-ganmartebaSi: goguaZem gviTxra, movides nebarTva mTavrobidanda gagakeTebinebTo, Tu ar movida _ arao. goguaZem gviTxra, ojaxebSi dajeqiTda iloceT ramdenic gindaTo. isic gviTxra, xalxs ar undao da Cven gurulebsda aWarlebs erTmaneTs ar davupirispirebTo. adgilobrivi xojas, badrikaxaZis ganmartebiT, giorgi goguaZem samlocvelos aSenebis sanacvlod maTqobuleTSi an baTumSi meCeTSi Casasvlelad municipalitetis transportisgamoyofa SesTavaza. b. kaxiZis gancxadebiT, goguaZem muslimebs ganucxada:Cven imitom vmuSaobT, rom unda gagaqristianoTo. Cemi gamgeblobis periodSiki meCeTi arc yofila da arc iqnebao.

2010 wels gamovlenil religiuri xasiaTis dapirispirebas sajaroreprezentacia ar mohyolia da is mxolod kvlevis Semdeg gamoikveTa.

2.2.2. meore religiuri konfliqti, romelic sofel nigvzianSi 2012 wlisoqtomber-noemberSi gamovlinda

meored Ria religiuri konfliqti nigvzianSi 2012 wlis 26 oqtombersgamovlinda, rodesac bairamis dResaswaulze paraskevis locvis dasrulebisSemdeg, muslimebs 150-mde adgilobrivma qristianma gza gadauRoba dasamlocvelos gauqmeba moiTxova. adgilobriv muslim Tems samlocvelo manamde1,5-2 Tvis gaxnili hqonda da am drois ganmavlobaSi paraskevis tradiciullocvas 50-70-mde muslimi mlocveli eswreboda xolme. muslimebis ganmartebiT,muslimTa sammarTvelos samlocvelos gaxsnis sakiTxi SeTanxmebuli hqondaadgilobriv municipalitetTan.

2012 wlis 25 oqtombers bairamis dResaswaulze adgilobriv muslimebsmezobel soflebSi mcxovrebi muslimebic SeuerTdnen da samlocveloSierTad aRniSnavdnen bairams. dResaswaulis pirvelma dRem mSvidobianad Caira.meore dRes, 26 oqtombers, roca stumrad Camosuli mlocvelebi manqanebSisxdebodnen, adgilobrivma qristianebma maT gza gadauRobes da sofelSiCamosvla aukrZales. dapirispireba sityvier SeuracxyofaSi gamoixata.adgilobrivi muslimebis ganmartebiT, policia adgilze iyo mobilizebuli,Tumca, mas ar ucdia adgilobrivi qristianebis qcevis aRkveTa.

2012 wlis 2 noembers badri kaxaZis saxlTan asobiT adgilobriviqristiani Seikriba da samlocvelos mSenebloba gaaprotesta. 2 noembers mediasaSualebebis mier gadaRebul video masalis analizi aCvenebs, rom adgilobriviqristianebis gancxadebebi agresiuli iyo da garkveul wilad Zaladobis


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muqaras Seicavda. qvemoT adgilobrivi qristianebis mier gakaTebuli ramdenimegancxadebaa warmodgenili:

[...] me rom gavCerde, axalgazrdebi ar gaCerdebian, imisTanas davatrialebT,afxazeTi monagoni iqnebao. gamosavals vxedav imaSi, rom meCeTi ar undaaSendes (adgilobrivi qristiani, manana gogiCaiSvili).

[...] eg ar moxdeba. Tu Cems sarwmunoebas dasWirda, yelsac gamovWriviRacas. Turqs avarevino da Sevacvlevino Cemi soflis istoria, ar iqneba (adgilobrivi qristiani, goCa CxartiSvili).

sofelSi meCeTis arsebobas ar davuSvebT. paraskevis gaTeneba meSinia,rom rame ar moxdes (adgilobrivi qristiani, soso afxazava).

moxdeba mkvleloba da aravin ar aris patroni. mogvxedon. policiacunda Caerios da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobac. Zalian cudi situacia

datrialdeba aq (adgilobrivi qristiani, gela tuRuSi).2

2 noembers muslimur samlocvelosTan adgilobrivi qristianebis Sekrebas

eswrebodnen nigvzianis sajaro skolis moswavleebi, maT Soris, muslimiaWarlebis Svilebi. mediisTvis micemul interviuSi erT-erTi maswavlebeliuTiTebs, rom maT ver SeZles moswavleebis SeCereba skolaSi da aqciazeaWareli da guruli mosaxleobis erTianobis dasafiqsireblad mividnen. 3 (ufro vrclad ixileT qvemoT qveTavi 2.3.3)

am dRes ramdenime adgilobrivi qristiani ZaliT Sevida salocavis

teritoriaze da b. kaxaZes uTiTebda, rom ar dauSvebda salocavis arsebobasqarTul sofelSi. am epizodis amsaxvel video masalaSi kargad Cans agresiaadgilobrivi qristianebis qcevasa da enaSi. 4

2 noembers sofel nigvzianSi arsebuli situaciis gasarkvevad CasulisaqarTvelos mufTi, jemal paqsaZe adgilobrivebma ar SeuSves salocavSi. 5 es situacia mxolod mas Semdeg ganimuxta, rac adgilobrivi xelisuflebismonawileobiT religiuri Temis liderebs Soris molaparakebebi Sedga.adgilobrivi dekanozis saba JRentis, gancxadebiT, Sexvedris dros samufTompiroba dado, rom gaiTvaliswinebda mosaxleobis mosazrebebs da erT kviraSi

sakuTar gadawyvetilebas warmoadgenda. Tavis komentarSi dekanozma miuTiTa, romimedi aqvs, rom samufTo `CvenTvis, gurulebisTvis, marTlmadideblebisTvis~

2 netgazeTi, 01.11.2012, http://netgazeti.ge/GE/105/News/14303/3 info9-s mier gadaRebuli video masala, 02. 11.2013 , h p ://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BooFrPXeOho4 mecxre arxis mier momzadebuli siuJeti, 30.10.2013 , h p ://www.youtube.com/watch?v=raZG2Wl0M105 netgazeTis mier momzadebuli statia da video masala, 02.11.2013 , h p :// netgaze .ge/GE/105/News/14326/


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misaReb gadawyvetilebas miiRebda. dekanozi salocavSi sxva soflebidanmlocvelebis Camosvlaze adgilobrivi qristianebis protests iziarebda damoiTxovda locvas `masiuri saxe dakargvoda. 6

incidentis dros adgilze mobilizebuli iyo policia, romelsac araRukveTia adgilobrivi qristianebis qceva. adgilobrivma qristianebma poli-cias koleqtiuri gancxadeba gadasces, romelSic sakuTari uflebebis dacvasmoiTxovdnen. 7

2 noembers sofel nigvzianSi imyofebodnen saxalxo damcvelis ofisis,arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da mediis warmomadgenlebi.

2 noembers mimdinare dapirispirebis dros adgilze imyofebodnennigvzianis gamgebeli irakli gujabiZe da lanCxuTis municipalitetis gamgeblismovaleobis Semsrulebeli kaxa oskurava. irakli gujabiZis gancxadebiT,adgilobrivi TviTmmarTveloba im gadawyvetilebas dauWerda mxars, romelsac

umravlesoba iziarebda. misi SefasebiT, igi Tavad ewinaaRmdegeba im faqts,rom nigvzianis salocavSi sxvadasxva soflebidan muslimi mlocvelebiCamodiodnen. 8 kaxa oskuravas SefasebiT, mTavari iyo, ar gaRvivebuliyokonfliqti. misi TqmiT, miuxedavad imisa, rom religiis Tavisufleba daculiakonstituciiT, sakiTxis sensitiurobidan gamomdinare, mniSvnelovani iyoreligiur liderebs Soris molaparakebebi Semdgariyo. 9

2 noembers nigvzianSi Cavida adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqointegraciis komitetis Tavmjdomare eka beselia. mediisTvis gakeTebulgancxadebaSi eka beseliam xazi gausva, rom religiur niadagze konfliqtssofelSi adgili ar hqonia da arsebobda mxolod azrTa sxvadasxvaoba,romelic ar scildeboda koreqtulobis zRvars. beselias SefasebiT, muslimiTemis uflebebis xelyofas adgili ar hqonia da erTis uflebis dacvam ar undagamoiwvios meoris uflebis darRveva, amisTvis ki unda miRweuliyo balansi,rac komitetis Tavmjdomaris SefasebiT, nigvzianis konfliqtis SemTxvevaSimxareebs Soris Tanacxovrebis wesebze SeTanxmebas gulisxmobda. eka beseliamganacxada: Cven Zalian tolerantruli da marTlac Semwynarebluridamokidebuleba gvaqvs, magram bunebrivia, marTlmadidebel mrevlsac aqvssakuTari ufleba da SeTanxmeba SesaZlebelia. 10

6 netgazeTis mier momzadebuli statia da video masala, 02.11.2013, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BooFrPXeOho7 netgazeTis mier momzadebuli statia da video masala, 02.11.2013 , h p ://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BooFrPXeOho 8 info9-s mier gadaRebuli video masala, 02. 11.2013, h p ://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BooFrPXeOho9 info9-s mier gadaRebuli video masala, 02. 11.2013, h p ://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BooFrPXeOho10 mecxre arxis mier momzadebuli siuJeti, 30.10.2013, h p ://www.youtube.com/watch?v=raZG2Wl0M10


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nigvzianSi mimdinare procesebs 2 noembers saqarTvelos prezidenti 11 daerovnuli uSiSroebis sabWos mdivani 12 gamoexmurnen. saqarTvelos prezidentisSefasebiT konfliqti provocirebuli iyo da xelisuflebas adgilze Casvlisada drouli reagirebisken mouwoda.

3 noembers eka beselia saxalxo damcvelis warmomadgenels, nigvzianismacxovreblebsa da qristian da muslim sasuliero pirebs Sexvda. eka beseliamgaimeora 2 noembers nigvzianSi gakeTebuli Sefasebebi da aseve miuTiTa, romaRniSnuli Sexvedra patriarqis locva-kurTxeviT gaimarTa. 13

mogvianebiT, Semoqmedis eparqiis mitropolitma iosebma nigvzianisadgilobriv mosaxleobas aRniSnuli Sexvedris Sedegebi gaacno da ganacxada:sapatriarqoSi gvqonda Sexvedra amaT warmomadgenelTan. mufTi qvia ara? [...]molaparakebas mivaRwieT, rom isini ar moiyvaneben mosaxleobas arc xulodan,arc baTumidan. [...] da ar miecemaT xasiaTi imisi, rom meCeTi iyos. RmerTmadagvifaros. ai aseTi piroba dagvides. vnaxoT, Tu Seasruleben am pirobas. 14 dekanozi saba JRentis SefasebiT ki Sexvedraze maT miiRes dapireba, romumravlesobis sasargeblo gadawyvetileba iqneboda miRebuli. dekanozmaganacxada: Tu ase ar moxdeba, am xalxis gakontroleba Zalian Zneli iqneba. 15

5 noembers adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciiskomitetis sxdomaze nigvzianis konfliqti ganixiles. sxdomas samufToswarmomadgenlebi, saxalxo damcvelisa da religiuri umciresobis warmo-madgenlebi eswrebodnen. Sexvedraze Sedga SeTanxmeba, rom muslimi TemigaagrZelebda locvas salocavSi. Sexvedris Semdeg saparlamento umciresobamukmayofileba gamoxata komitetis mier konfliqtis Sefasebis Taobaze dagaakritika komiteti, radgan man momxdars zusti samarTlebrivi Sefaseba armisca da ar dagmo momxdari faqti. 16

5 noembers nigvzianSi mimdinare konfliqts gamoexmaura iusticiisministri, Tea wulukiani da miuTiTa, rom incidentis amowurvis saSualebajer eklesiebs unda miscemodaT. ministris SefasebiT, `Tu saqmeSi gamoikveTadanaSaulebrivi elementebi, gamoZieba aucileblad daiwyeba. xolo manamde,

11 oficialuri video, romelic prezidentis gamosvlas asaxavs , 02.11.2012http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5vqC0HfuwLQ12 saqarTvelos erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWos gancxadeba, 02.11.2012, xelmisawvdomia:http://www.nsc.gov.ge/geo/news.php?id=622713 liberalis mier gamoqveynebuli informacia, 05.11.2013,h p ://www.liberali.ge/ge/liberali/news/113123/ 14 info9-s mier gadaRebuli video masala, 07.11.2013,h p ://info9.ge/?l=G&m=1000&id=887715 24 saaTis mier gamoqveynebuli informacia, 03.11.2013,h p :// 24saa .ge/index.php/category/news/2012-11-03/3347516 sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis mier momzadebuli siuJeti , 05.11.2013,

h p ://1tv.ge/news-view/43674


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rom ar miviRoT religiur niadagze seriozuli adgilobrivi konfliqti,rac damRupveli iqneboda, Cven absoliturad sxva gzas vadgaravarT vidrewina xelisufali. Cven ar vaxdenT Zalis demonstrirebas manam, sanam ar arisamowuruli yvela civilizebuli gza. Cven darwmunebulebi varT, rom Zalisdemonstireba am SemTxvevaSi ar dagvWirdeba. 17

9 noembers paraskevis tradiciuli locva sofel nigvzianSi mSvidgaremoSi Catarda. am dRes adgilobrivma qristianebma soflis centrSi, quCisdasawyisSi, sadac muslimTa samlocveli saxli mdebareobs, jvari aRmarTes. 18

mas Semdeg samlocvelosTan dakavSirebiT Ria dapirispireba nigvzianSi ardafiqsirebula.

2.2.3. sofel nigvzianSi dRes arsebuli mdgomareoba

2012 wlis oqtombrisa da noembris TveSi gamovlenili konfliqtis Semdeg,nigvzianis samlocveloSi yovel paraskevs tradiciul locvaze 100-120-mdeadgilobrivi muslimi, maT Soris, nigvzianis mezobel soflebSi mcxovrebimlocvelebi regularulad ikribebian. konfliqtis tramvuli mexsierebisa dakonfliqtis Semdeg Temebs Soris Seqmnili gaucxoebis miuxedavad, adgilobrivimuslimi Temi dadebiTad afasebs im faqts, rom mravalwliani ZalisxmevisSemdeg mas nigvzianSi samlocvelos gaxsnis SesaZlebloba mieca.

Tumca, kvlevis procesSi adgilobrivi qristiani da muslimi Temebisgan,

iseve rogorc adgilobrivi xelisuflebisgan CamorTmeuli axsna-ganmartebebiaCvenebs, rom konfliqtis gadawyvetis mizniT mxareebs Soris miRweuliSeTanxmeba myifea. adgilobrivi qristianebi ukmayofilebas gamoxatavenkonfliqtis amgvari pirobebiT gadawyvetis gamo da konfliqtis ganaxlebisSesaZleblobas ar gamoricxaven. am mimarTebiT niSandoblivia erT-erTiqristiani adgilobrivi qalbatonis Sefaseba: aq rom situacia Cawynarda da maTmiecaT locvis saSualeba, zemodan dagviwyes yureba, gamarjvebulis mzeriT.[...] dRes xalxi gaCerebulia, magram afeTqdeba, moTminebis fiala agvevsebada bolomde miviyvanT Cvens saqmes. lanCxuTis municipalitetis gamgeblismoadgile Tavis gancxadebaSi pirdapir uTiTebs, rom misi azriT, konfliqtidakonservebulia da jer yvelaferi dalagebuli ar aris. konfliqtisgamwvavebis riskebze uTiTebs nigvzianis skolis direqtoric: yvelaferiam doneze unda darCes. Tu raime damatebiT moiTxoves, mgoni gamwvavdeba.minareTi dadgma da a.S daamZimebs viTarebas. aseve, sxvadasxva soflebidan aq

17 new.ge -s mier gamoqveynebuli informacia , 05.11.2012,http://news.ge/ge/news/story/36114-tsulukiani-nigvzianshi-dzalis-demonstireba-ar-dagvchirdeba18 guria news- is mier momzadebuli statia, 09.11.2012h p ://www.gurianews.com/home/2010-11-25-16-58-05/6473-2012-11-09-14-01-25.html


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siaruli unda Sewydes. adgilobrivi qristianebis mier gamovlenili agresiisgaTvaliswinebiT, miRweuli SeTanxmebis aramdgradobis SiSi muslim TemsacgaaCnia. erT-erTi muslimi qali kvlevis farglebSi Caweril interviuSiuTiTebs: me vfiqrob, rom magaT axlac ar undaT rom vilocoT. axla maleramadani iwyeba da vnaxoT, ra iqneba. mSvidoba iyo noembris merec SedarebiT,magram xandaxan iseT sityvebs momaZaxebdnen, rom RmerTs madlobas vuxdididi,qmari rom ar maxlda.

muslimi Temis ganmartebiT, mxareebs Soris miRweuli SeTanxmebis Semdegadgilobrivi qristianebis mxridan maT mimarT damamcirebeli mopyrobisSemTxvevebi grZeldeboda. erT-erTi muslimi mlocveli Semdeg faqtebsixsenebs: [konfliqtis Semdeg] Cemi saxlis axlos erTma zari gaukeTa SvilsezoSi. misi mSoblebi konfliqtSi Zalian aqtiurad iyvnen CarTulebi. [...] Cvencramdenjerac gamovivliT, an vmuSaobT yanaSi, axlos gamova xolme da zarsrekavs ganuwyvetliv. cdiloben, wyobilebidan gamogviyvanon. [...] erTxel,paraskevis locvis dros, Cvens samlocvelosTan gurulebma musikaluricentriT bolo xmaze CarTes musika. aseve bavSvebs sastvenebi misces daastveninebdnen locvis dros.

sakiTxis CaRrmavebuli kvleva aCvenebs, rom yoveldRiuri cxovrebisdoneze gaucxoeba Temebs Soris darCa. 25-mde wlis axalgazrda muslimibiWi Tavis axsna-ganmartenaSi uTiTebs: CemTan arafers amboben cuds, magramrogori urTierTobebic mqonda adre Cems qristian megobrebTan, iseTi aRarmaqvs. mainc SoriSors davrCiT. gansakuTrebiT rTulia b. kaxaZis ojaxismdgomareoba, romelsac adgilobrivi qristianebi konfliqtis gamwvavebazemTel pasuxismgeblobas akisreben. kvlevisTvis micemul interviuSi b. kaxaZiscoli yveba: ZiriTadad axla Cawynarda situacia zedapirulad. magram CemsojaxTan damokidebulebaSi es ar Cans. misalmebazec mogvaZaxeben xolme: Senarie sofelio, rad minda Seni salami. TiTqosda gangvkveTes.

dRes arsebuli gaucxoebis miuxedavad, muslimi Temi, iseve rogorczogierTi qristiani imedovnebs, rom droTa ganmavlobaSi dapirispirebamogvardeba da qristianebi da muslimebi mSvidobian Tanacxovrebas moaxerxeben.

2.3. mxareTa Sefasebebi konfliqtis mizezebis Taobaze

konfliqtis mizezebis Taobaze mxareebis Sefasebebi da xedvebi mraval-ferovani da kompleqsuria da farTe konteqstSi maTi ganzogadebis SesaZleb-lobas iZleva.

mxareebis mtkicebebi da urTierTaRqmebi xSirad iracionaluri dawinaaRmdegobrivia, rac Temebs Soris gaucxoebis, konfliqtis Rrma kvalzeunda miuTiTebdes. konfliqtis orive mxares interviuerebis teqstebis


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analizi aCvenebs, rom maT Tanacxovrobas miuRebloba, gaucxoeba yovelTvisaxasiaTebda, Tumca es damokidebulebebi Ria konfliqtamde latentur xasiaTsatarebda. erT-erTi muslimi Tavis axsna-ganmartebaSi yveba: am dapirispirebamgarkveulwilad xalxis realuri saxe dagvanaxa. rogor SeiZleba erT dReSiSegZuldes adamiani. ese igi Cven wlebis ganmavlobaSi vZuldiT [...]. erT-erTmamaswavlebelmac Tqva, ar msiamovnebdao, amaT gverdiT rom vcxovdobdio. sxvamuslimi mlocveli qali Tavis axsna-ganmartebaSi ixsenebs: konfliqtamdeCveulebriv vgrZnobdiT Tavs. didi gansxvaveba ar yofila qristiansa damuslims Soris. magram iyo detalebi, romlebic ar moswondaT. magaliTad,Tavze rom gvaxuravs. sxva muslimi qalis SefasebiT: isini wlebis win, rocagvasaxlebdnen, maSinve uaryofiTad iyvnen ganwyobilebi amis mimarT. maT arundodaT sxvas ecxovra sofelSi. isini ver itanen ucxos. ara marto aWarlebs.zogadad yvelas. Cven kidev ufro. Cven qarTvelebadac ver aRgviqvaven. erTxelmiTxres qarTveli ar xaro. TaTari xaro.

qvemoT warmodgenilia konfliqtis ganmapirobebeli im ZiriTadi mizezebisaRwera, romelTa identificireba mxareebis damokidebulebebis CaRrmavebulikvlevis Sedegad moxda.

2.3.1 konfliqtis politikuri konteqstebi

kvlevis procesSi sofeli nigvzianis qristiani Temisgan aRebuliinterviuebis analizi aCvenebs, rom igi gamovlenil konfliqts sxvadasxvapolitikuri interesiT ganmartavs. adgilobrivi qristianebi konfliqtsori ZiriTadi politikuri TeoriiT xsnian _ pirveli Teoria arCevnebsa daarCevnebis win samlocvelos gaxsnis Taobaze yofili saxelisuflo partiismier muslimi TemisTvis gacemul dapirebaze uTiTebs, meore Teoria ki amprocess saqarTvelos Turqmenizaciis safrTxeebis Suqze xedavs.

pirveli Teoriis qveS adgilobrivi qristianebi uTiTebdnen, rom arCevnebiswin erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba xmebis miRebis sanacvlod muslim Temsdapirda salocavis gaxsnas. 19 am mimarTebiT sainteresoa fragmenti nigvzianissajaro skolis ekonomikis maswavleblis interviudan:

mkvlevari: wina xelisuflebis dros, rwmunebulma goguaZem xom uTxra,rom meCeTs ver aaSenebdnen?

19 info9-s mier gadaRebuli video masala, 02.11.2013, h p ://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BooFrPXeOho ;aseve, info9-s mier gadaRebuli video masala, 07.11.2013. h p ://info9.ge/?l=G&m=1000&id=8877 ;mecxre arxis mier momzadebuli siuJeti, 30.10.2013 , h p ://www.youtube.com/watch?v=raZG2Wl0M10


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maswavlebeli: ki, ase iyo, daibara da uTxra, rom meCeTi aq ar aSendeboda.locva Tu undodaT, piradad is gamouyofda marSutkas, riTac wavidodnenbaTumSi da ilocebdnen, magram ukve winasaarCevnod nacionalebi mufTTanerTad dadiodnen da muslimebs yuranze aficebinebdnen, rom namdviladSemoxazavdnen xuT nomers.

sxva adgilobrivi qristiani Tavis axsna-ganmartebaSi aseve adasturebsam Teorias: es aris politika, ramdenic ar unda vilaparakoT Cven, sanamSemdgomis saprezidento arCevnebi ar mova, yvela amaT dauWers mxars.

aRniSnul mosazrebas adgilobrivi qristiani sasuliero pirebic iziareben.sainteresoa dekanozi saba JRentis mier mkvlevarebisTvis micemuli interviu,romelic am TemasTan dakavSirebiT winaaRmdegobrivia.

dekanozi: [...] me vuTxari maT, rom avtobusebs davuniSnavdi da benzinsacCavusxavdi da aWaraSi wasuliyvnen xolme da iq elocaT. guriaSi arasdrosar yofila meCeTi da ra undoda aq meCeTs. maT uari Tqves aWaraSi salocavadsiarulze. maSindeli mTavroba xels gviwyobda. maT Soris am ideazec.axlandeli mTavroba ar gviwyobs xels Torem. arCevnebis mogeba undodaT daaman daZaba yvelaferi. [...] arCevnebis win nacebi dapirdnen magaT meCeTs damolas Camoyvanas. es SeTanxmebebi Cumad xdeboda. Cven gareSe. naxeT, ramxelasamlocvelo gaakeTes.

mkvlevari: aki Cven gvexmareboda wina mTavrobao?

dekanozi: viTom... mere axali mTavroba exmarebodaT.

erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis mier konfliqtis ganzrax provocirebisTeorias umravlesobis warmomadgenlebic, maT Soris, eka beselia 20 da murmandumbaZe21 iziarebdnen.

aRsaniSnavia, rom es Teoria ukve mogvianebiT, kvlevis procesSi (2013 wlisivnisi, ivlisi) ufro naklebad dominirebs da gamokiTxuli pirebis ufro didiumravlesoba konfliqtis gaazrebisTvis Turqmenizaciis Teorias iyenebs.am Teoriis mixedviT, adgilobrivi qristianebi interviuebSi uTiTeben,rom salocavis gaxsna TurqeTma daafinansa da es Turqmenizaciis procesis

gamovlinebaa. erT-erTi adgilobrivi qristianis SefasebiT, samlocvelosaSeneba guriaSi, romelic qarTuli teritoriaa, `aris TurqeTis saxelmwifosimperiuli politika, gaavrcelos islami saqarTvelos sxvadasxva soflebSi. igives imeorebs sxva adgilobrivi qristiani sakuTar axsna-ganmartebaSi:Turqebs undaT, rom yvela raionSi da sofelSi Caidgas meCeTi, magram esar gamova, Cven amas ar SeveguebiT. netgazeTis mier Caweril interviuSi

20 mecxre arxis mier momzadebuli siuJeti, 02.11.2013, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDSttvVcvi421 for.ge -s mier momzadebuli statia, 06.11.2013, h p ://www.for.ge/view.php?for_id=18341&cat=3


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adgilobrivi qristiani, goCa CxartiSvili, uTiTebs: [...] 25 welia aq cxovrobenda axla moundaT meCeTi? eg ar moxdeba. Tu Cems sarwmunoebas dasWirda, yelsacgamovWri viRacas. Turqs avarevino da Sevacvlevino Cemi soflis istoria, ariqneba. 22

aRniSnuli Teoriis Sesabamisad adgilobrivi qristianebi amtkiceben,rom samlocvelo ucnobma Turqma biznesmenma Seisyida. maT aRqmaSi esTurqmenizaciis process ukavSirdeba da eqspansiis SiSs warmoSobs. magaliTad,nigvzianis sajaro skolis direqtori uTiTebs: eseni TurqeTSi dadian daiq raRac moxda. raRac jiSis Sesawiri aqvT amaT da viRac Turqi biznesmeniafinansebs, romelsac ra daintereseba aqvs, aravin icis. es yvelaferi gavsgaTurqebis mcdelobas. adgilobrivi muslimebi uaryofen am Sefasebebs dauTiTeben, rom salocavis funqcionirebisTvis saWiro ZiriTadi Tanxa maTSemowirulobebiT nel-nela Seagroves. erT-erTi muslimi kaci (45 wlamde),romelic uSualod monawileobda samlocvelos SeZenis procesSi ixsenebsam procesis detalebs: `am salocavis Turqebis mier dafinanseba arasworia.sxvagvari ambavi iyo. erT megobar Turqs undoda saTburebis ganviTarebasaqarTveloSi. me mTxova daxmareba. Cvens sofelSi iyideboda oTar wilosanisojaxi. man is iyida. Semdeg aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi wavida, marneulisken,da iqac iyida miwebi. is dagvikavSirda Semdeg da Tqva, rom veRar mouvlidanigvzianSi nayid miwas (saxliTurT). man is gadasca samufTo sammarTvelos.Semdeg, erTma pirovnebam, avTandil winwkalaZem 10 000 dolari gadascasamufTos saCuqrad am saxlisTvis. es saxli amJamad avTandil winwkalaZezeagaformebuli. es iyo is ambavi, romelic sxvanairad gaigo xalxma.

muslimi mrevli samlocvelos SeZenasTan dakavSirebuli arasworiSefasebebis da SiSebis gamomwvev mizezad saxelmwifos mier religiuriumciresobebis dafinansebis politikis ar arsebobas miiCnevs. erT-erTi muslimimlocveli yveba: mTavroba aucileblad unda afinansebdes sxva religiur jgufebsac. am saxelmwifoSi macxovrebels xom Semoaqvs biujetSi fuli. amxalxiT arsebobs saxelmwifo. ratom ar unda finansdebodnen sxvebi? yvelaunda finansdebodes. kvlevis farglebSi misgan aRebul axsna-ganmartebaSidafinansebis saWiroebas usvams xazs saqarTvelos mufTi jemal paqsaZec:muslimTa sammarTvelo 20 welia biujetidan viTxovT dafinansebas. miviReTssip-is statusi da SesaZlebelia, moxdes saxelmwifos mxridan dafinanseba.

dRes, dafinansebas qarTvel mowmuneTagan viRebT, rac Zalian mwiria. muslimi Temi uaryofs samlocvelos gaxsnaze yofili xelisuflebis

an TurqeTis gavlenis Teoriebs da uTiTebs, rom isini mxolod sakuTariuflebebisa da RirsebisTvis ibrZvian. muslimi Temi miiCnevs, rom samlocvelosgaxsna nigvzianSi muslimi Temis integraciisa da misi socialuri da samoqalaqoevuluciis Sedegia. muslimebi miiCneven, rom maT, rogorc soflis mosaxleobis

22 netgazeTis mier momzadebuli statia da video masala 01.11.2013, h p ://www. netgaze .ge/GE/105/News/14303/


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mniSvenlovan nawils, ufleba aqvT hqondeT sakuTari samlocvelo sofelSi.50 wlamde asakis muslimi mlocveli Tavis axsna-ganmartebaSi ixsenebs: esojaxebi 25 wlis win Camosaxldnen. maSin sxva safiqrali iyo. cotani iyvnen.axla mrevli momravlda. axla 900-mde amomrCevelia aWareli. Tavisuflebacgaacnobiera xalxma da undaT samlocvelo. [...] adamianis uflebis dacva zustadmagaSi gamoixateba. axalCamosaxlebuli xalxi aq Tavis gatanas da gadarCenasvcdilobdiT jer. axla Svilebi gamovkvebeT da movZlierdiT ekonomikurad. igive midgomas iziarebs adgilobrivi xoja, b. kaxaZe: Tavidan, roca yvelaCamovida ekomigrantad aq [nigvzianSi], aravin fiqrobda samlocvelosgaxsnaze. yoveldRiurad sxvadasxva socialuri problemebi gvqonda. gviWirdamaterialurad. ucxo iyo garemo. dRes me vfiqrob, rom es CvenTvis da CveniSvilebisTvis saWiroa. me minda, mqondes erTi patara samlocvelo da esdanaSauli ar aris.

rogorc adgilobrivi muslimebisgan aRebuli axsna-ganmartebebis analiziaCvenebs, oqtombris arCevnebi, manamde ki religiuri organizaciebisTvis sajarosamarTlis iuridiul pirad daregistrirebis samarTlebrivi SesaZleblobisminiWeba, maTTvis relgiuri umciresobebisTvis meti TavisuflebiT sargeblobisSansad aRiqmeba. erT-erTi muslimi mlocvelis ganmartebiT: religiurikavSirebis sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirad gaxdomis Semdeg imedi mogveca,rom SesaZlebli iqneboda jgufuri locvis Catareba. Tavis interviuSi igivesadasturebs 50 wlamde asakis muslimi mlocveli: aqamde ar hqondaT muslimebses moTxovnebi. albaT, aqamde eSinodaT kidevac. axla gaacnobieres nel-nelaTavianTi uflebebi. xalxma meti demokratia igrZno. arCevnebamdec seriozuliZvra iyo sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirad gadakeTebis da iuridiuli

statusis gaTanabrebis mxriv. sakuTari uflebebisTvis brZolas muslimiTemi precedentulad aRiqvams da fiqrobs, rom samlocvelos moTxovniT maTSeqmnes magaliTi da sxvebs gauadviles sakuTari uflebebisTvis brZola.

muslimi Temis warmomadgenlebis interviuebis diskurs-analizi aCvenebs,rom maT Tavadac aqvT TurqeTis, rogorc mtris aRqma, radikalurademijnebian mas da xSirad TurqmoZule damokidebulebasac avlenen. 50 wlamdeasakis muslimi kaci acxadebs: baTumSi saWiroa axali meCeTi. fizikurad aRareteva xalxi, magram Turqis aSenebuli namdvilad ar minda. me ar minda vinmeseqspansiis qveS viyo. me mirCevnia Cemi jibidan aSendes. saxelmwifom aaSenos.

aseT SemTxvevaSi me ubednieresi viqnebi. axla Turqebi baTumSi boginoben. esZalian saSiSia. sxva muslimi igive damokidebulebas avlens: baTumi Turquliqalaqi gaxda. es saSiSia. mTavrobam keTili unda inebos da ar misces uflebaTurqebs yvelafris Sesyidvis. ki batono, muslimia is Turqic, magram es CemisamSobloa da me misi qceva ar momwons. is Cems miwas marTmevs. saxelmwifosSeuZlia arendiT _ garkveuli vadiT misces yvelaferi da ara uvadodoT,sakuTrebiT.


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2.3.3. prozelitizmis problema nigvzianis sajaro skolaSi

kvlevis farglebSi muslimi Temis warmomadgenlebisgan, iseve, rogorcnigvzianis sajaro skolis maswavleblebisgan aRebuli interviuebi aCvenebs,rom prozelitizmisa da indoqtrinaciis problema nigvzianis skolaSisakmaod mwvaved dgas. adgilobrivi muslimebi uTiTeben, rom skolaSi aWarelimuslimi moswavleebis indoqtrinacia damkvidrebul praqtikas warmoadgendada miuTiTeben indoqtrinaciisa da muslimi moswavleebis mimarT savaraudodiskriminaciuli mopyrobis ara erT SemTxvevas, maT Soris, skolaSi koleqtiurilocvis praqtikas, religiisa da istoriis sagnebis arasaTanado swavlebas:

momavali Taobis 70% aWarelia. maswavleblebi uSualod muSaoben [...]maT gaqristianebaze. [...] iyo SemTxvevebi, roca dilas `mamao Cvenos Tu arCaikiTxavdnen da sanTels ar daanTebdnen, ise gakveTils ar gamokiTxavdnenbavSvs (adgilobrivi xojas, b. kaxaZis meuRle).

skolaSi gamoarCeven aWarel da gurul bavSvs erTmaneTisgan. gurulebidascinian xolme aWarlebs aqcentis gamo. aseve, yovel dilas maswavleblebibavSvebs aiZulebdnen pirjvris gadaweras. maT Soris muslimebs. [...] zogierTibavSvi (muslimi) principulad ar loculobda. Semdeg xdeboda bavSvebSicgarCevebi, Tu ratom ar loculobdnen qristianulad. (muslimi mlocveliqali).

skolaSi moxda erTi incidenti. musikis maswavlebeli Sevida gakveTilzeda wamoiwyo saqarTvelos damyroblebze laparaki. Camoitana istoriiskabinetidan ruka da uTxra bavSvebs: bavSvebo, rom dadixarT da iq loculobTo[igulisxmeba muslimuri samlocvelo] axla gagarkvevT, Tqven realurad vinxarTo. bavSvebs anaxa rukaze saidan Semovidnen Turqebi dasapyrobad da uTxra,rom aWarlebis mamebi yvelani daxoces Turqebma da dedebi ki gaaupatiureso.Tqven kidev bavSvebo amaTi nabiWvrebi xarTo. rodesac es ambavi gaigesmSoblebma pasuxi mosTxoves maswavlebels, man kategoriulad uaryo es faqti (adgilobrivi xojas, b. kaxaZis meuRle).

konfliqtis Semdeg, erTxel wvimiani dRe iyo. bavSvebi skolaSivalinkebiT gavuSvi. skolaSi fizkulturis maswavlebelma gamoarCia 6aWareli bavSvi da dasaja im motiviT, rom maT sportuli fexsacmelebiar ecvaT. miuxedavad imisa, rom sxvebi [igulisxmebian gurulebi] iyvnen,romlebsac agreTve ar ecvaT sportuli fexsacmeli, man mxolod aWarlebidasaja da WuWyiani tiloebi arecxina (muslimi mlocveli kaci).

muslimebis ganmartebiT, konfliqtis Semdeg am faqtebze reagireba daiwyesda amJamad skolac amgvari darRvevebisgan Tavs ikavebs.

miuxedavad imisa, rom kvlevis farglebSi aRebul interviuebSi skolisdireqtorma da maswavleblebma indoqtrinaciisa da SesaZlo diskrimina-


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ciuli mopyrobis zemoT miTiTebuli faqtebi uaryves, maT axsna-ganmartebeb-Si ikveTeba midgomebi, romelic mianiSnebs maT mier sekularizmisa da reli-giuri neitra litetis principebis darRvevis maRal albaTobas. am mimarTebiTsainte resoa kvlevis procesSi musikis maswavlebelTan Cawerili dialogi:

maswavlebeli: gakveTilze iyo locvebi da bavSvebi loculobdnenqristianulad?

mkvlevari: amaze muslimebs ar gasCeniaT protesti?

maswavlebeli: ara, arcerTs ar gasCenia. erTaderTi badri kaxaZis Sviliiyo, romelic ar loculobda. locva `mamao Cveno TiTqmis identuria,qristianebisTvis da muslimebisTvis. gakveTilze vyvebodi `iavnanas didmniSvnelobaze, `goCa da xviCaze, romlebic TurqeTis bazarSi gayides. es xomistoriuli faqtebia, amaze ar unda melaparaka?

mkvlevari: unda gasCenodaT Tu ara protesti qristianul locvaze? maswavlebeli: ar unda gasCenodaT, vinaidan, es bavSvebi mSoblebma

Seacdines Tavis droze.

mkvlevari: skolis direqtorma gviTxra, rom daibara skolis maswavleblebida mosTxova religiuri ritualebis Sewyveta gakveTilze. marTla ase iyo?

maswavlebeli: bavSvebs aravin aZalebs, unda ilocon, unda ara. erT-erTmamoswavlem Tqva, rom mamaCemi momklavs, ro vilocoo. razec gagvecina, rogor

SeiZleba, bavSvs rame uTxra erT strofian `mamao Cvenos wakiTxvaze. aqedanCans, ra doneze arian, amitomac istoria da geografia kargi saSualebaa maTiaRzrdisTvis, raTa dainaxon WeSmariteba. me arc erT moswavles ar vansxvaveb,yvela erTnairad miyvars, magram me Cemi principebi maqvs, romlis erTgulicdavrCebi.

konfliqtis Taobaze maswavleblebisgan aRebuli interviuebi aseve xSiradSeicavs qsenofobiur, islamofobiur midrekilebebs, rac swavlebis procesSireligiuri neitralitetisa da tolerantobis moTxovnis darRvevis riskebzemiuTiTebs (ix. qvemoT qveTavi 2.3.4).

skolis administraciis arasaTanado midgomis gamo, 2012 wlis 2 noemberssamlocvelos garSemo mimdinare dapirispirebaSi monawileoba skolismoswavleebma, maT Soris, aWarel muslimTa Svilebmac miiRes, rac muslimiTemisTvis gansakuTrebiT mtkivneuli faqti aRmoCnda. moswavleebi Sekrebazeskandirebdnen, rom erTad dgoma surdaT da ar undodaT meCeTi sofelSi. erT-erTi muslimi mlocveli Tavis axsna-ganmartebaSi ixsenebs: rodesac davinaxe,rom Cemi Svilebi Cems winaaRmdeg aqciaze miiyvanes, Zalian ganvicade. ar vicodi,ra meqna. gavocdi da Semrcxva. Cveni yvelas [igulisxmebian muslimebi] Svilebimiiyvanes. skolis direqciisa da maswavleblebis ganmartebiT, moswavleebi


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Tavisi nebiT mividnen dapirispirebis adgilas da maT ver SeZles bavSvebisSekaveba, am aqciiT ki maT Temebs Soris erTobis daadastureba surdaT.

2.3.4. aWareli muslimebis identoba da maTi indoqtrinaciis procesi sofel

nigvzianSisofel nigvzianSi SeimCneva aWareli muslimebis indoqtrinaciisa da

damkvidrebuli socialuri normebisa Tu konformulobis ZaliT qristianulisarwmunoebis miRebis tendencia. am tendencias yvelaze mZlavrad ganapirobebsis miuRebloba, romelsac rogorc adgilobrivi qristiani Temi, aseve qristianisasuliero pirebi avlenen aWareli/qarTveli muslimebis mimarT.

kvlevis procesSi Caweril interviuSi nigvzianis sajaro skolis musikismaswavlebeli yveba: `axla amboben, rom qarTveli muslimebi varTo, msgavsi

ram me ar gamigia arsad. me ar minda eseni, me var qristiani da maT meCeTs ardavadgmevineb. igive midgomas aCvenebs amave skolis istoriis maswavlebeli:qristianul miwaze rodesme idga meCeTi? istoria xo wagikiTxavT, istoriaSiyofila msgavsi SemTxveva, Tu maincdamainc axla moundaT meCeTis ageba? axlaamboben, rom qarTveli muslimebi varTo, msgavsi ram me ar gamigia arsad. sainteresoa erT-erTi qristiani qalbatonis pasuxi mkvlevaris SekiTxvaze, Turogori damokidebuleba eqneboda mas aWarlebi kaTolikeebi rom yofiliyvnen:ara, aranairi prolema. kaTolikur eklesiaSi ramdenjer vyofilvar. isiniqristianebi arian, amaT qristianuli araferi aqvT.

aWareli muslimebis mimarT gaucxoebisa da maTi religiuri identobisdiskreditacias xels unda uwyobdes adgilobrivi sasuliero pirebis qadagebebi.kvlevis farglebSi adgilobrivi dekanozi saba JRentisgan aRebuli interviuam mimarTebiT saintereso Sinaarss Seicavs . mere jvari avRmarTeT maTTan[igulisxmeba muslimuri samlocvelo]. es qristianulia. aba, ra unda meqna?! esaris eSmakis bude. aba, marTlmadideblobis iqeT yvelaferi eSmakisaa. amitomavdeqi da jvari davase Sua centrSi. mis saxlSi ki ar damisvia. misi interviussxva nawilSi sasuliero piri muslimebis qristian rjulze dabrunebisaucileblobaze saubrobs: `[...] patara xanSi aq minareTi gveqneba. gvinda aqmolas kivili? istoria xom gaqvs wanakiTxi. TbilisSi erTxel qarTvelma kacmaamoiRo Tofi da xia SublSi molas da gadmoagdo pirdapir minareTidan. asea es.exla kia meCeTi TbilisSi, magram es guriaa da ara Tbilisi. Turqebi Semodianvai-qarTvelebis damsaxurebiT. Cven Cvens Tavs aRar vekuTvniT. awi moeqcesqristianobaze [igulisxmebian aWareli muslimebi]. da qristiani gaxdes.ukeTesi ar iqneba?! xuloSi ager gasul kviras 8 000 kaci moinaTla. ra gvaqvsCven gasayofi.

sasuliero pirebis mier islamofoburi qadagebis kvali adgilobriviqristianebis azrovnebasa da qcevaze axdens gavlenas. ekonomikis maswavlebeli


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Tavis axsna-ganmatebaSi uTiTebs: mamaom gviTxra, rom magaTi saWmelinakerpalia da ar WamoTo. rogorc Cven vixdiT panaSvidebs, isinic xomloculoben, oRond eSmakis saxelze da mamaom gviTxra, magaT saWmels nuRarSeWamTo.

adgilobrivi qristianebisa da eklesiis amgvar midgomas grZnobs muslimiTemi da misTvis es mtkivneuli procesia. adgilobrivi xojas meuRle TavisinterviuSi yveba: CemTvis Zalian Seuracxmyofelia, roca TaTarTan akeTebenCems identificirebas qristianebi. es problema mxolod nigvzianSi araa. esganwyobaa zogadad aWarlebis mimarT. saba JRentma, magaliTad, pirdapirgamogvicxada, Tqven qarTvelebi ar xarTo. [...] Cven sul gveubnebian, romaucilebelia gavqristiandeT. amboben, rom Cveni winaprebi Tu qristianebiiyvnen, Cvenc aucileblad qristianebi unda viyoT. netgazeTisTvis micemulinterviuSi nigvzianSi mcxovrebi muslimi meri iakobaZe acxadebs: aWarlobisgamo mTeli cxovreba Seuracxyofilad vgrZnob Tavs. [...] waeTrieT TqvensaWaraSio, gveubnebian [...] sul Cemi aWarlobis ratom unda mrcxvenodes?! 23 sainteresoa sxva muslimi qalbatonis Sefasebac: Cveni miwaa, Cveni ubania, isegvamadlian am miwas, TiTqos samowyalod vcxovrobdeT. 24

aWareli Temis religiuri identoba adgilobrivi qristianebisTvis maTisamoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis SezRudvis safuZvlad ganixileba.adgilobrivi xojas meuRle Tavis axsna-ganmartebaSi ixsenebs: samezobloserT-erT Sekrebaze erTma gamogvicxada, rom islami misTvis mtris xatswarmoadgenda. man aseve gviTxra, rom rasac qristianebi gadawyvetdnen, Cvenunda davmorCilebuliyaviT da Cven Tavisuflad SegveZlo mxolod arCevnebSixma migveca vinmesTvis. netgazeTisTvis micemul interviuSi qristianuliwesiT monaTluli aWareli nodar Rlonti acxadebs: `konfliqti mxolod imSemTxvevaSi mogvardeba, Tuki sajaro samlocvelo gauqmdeba da muslimebimxolod TavianT saxlebSi Cumad iloceben. xalxi wyvets am sakiTxs. xalxiaZala. Tavi daanebon erTad Tavis moyras da morCeba konfliqti.

adgilobrivi qristiani Temi Tavis SefasebebSi sofelSi politikuridominirebis dakargvis SiSsac gamoxatavs da sakuTari, rogorc umravlesobis,dominanti jgufis gadarCenaze fiqrobs. adgilobrivi sasuliero piri, sabaJRenti uTiTebs: Tu sofelSi arCevnebi wavida eseni kandidats wamoayenebenTavisas da moigebs is. eseni xom umravlesobaa. umravlesobisa da umciresobebismimarTebas sasuliero piri sxva aspeqtiTac xedavs: xom iTvleba, rom eseniumciresobebi arian, magram ase araa. axlandeli mdgomareobiT isini metniarian [igulisxmeba muslimi aWarlebi]. Cven, ubralod, vinuJdeni vTqviT,rom umciresoba iyo aWarloba. rom gveTqva, rom egeni umravlesobaa, ki

23 netgazeTis mier momzadebuli statia da video masala, 01.11.2013,h p :// netgaze .ge/ GE/105/News/14303/24 netgazeTis mier momzadebuli statia da video masala, 01.11.2013, h p :// netgaze .ge/GE/105/News/14303/


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gvetyodnen maSin ki ekuTvniT meCeTi da ratom uSliT xelso. amitomac vTqviT,rom umciresobaa. hoda, Tu umciresobaao _ maTi dacva daiwyes. Cven gamouvalimdgomareoba gvqonda. dominanti jgufis am SiSebs muslimi Temic afiqsirebs:zogma Tqva, rom CvenTvis yvela gziT unda SeeSalaT xeli. maTi azriT, Tues patara samlocvelo gaixsneboda, Semdeg Cven yvela SukaSi moviTxovdiTmeCeTis gaxsnas.

2.3.5. socialuri kontrastebis gamo Temebs Soris gaucxoebis tendencia

adgilobrivi muslimebis ganmartebiT, maT mimarT qristiani marTl-madidebeli Temis gaucxoebas maT Soris socialuri da ekonomikurikontrastebi ganapirobebs. muslimebis dakvirvebiT, nigvzianSi CamosvlisSemdeg maT sakuTari SromiT SeZles ekonomikuri gaZliereba da keTildReobismiRweva, rac gurul TemSi mudmivad gaRizianebas iwvevda. erT-erTi muslimiqalbatoni ganmartavs: Cven mSromeli xalxi varT. dRedaRam vSromobT. ageniamas ver uZleben. erTxel konfliqtisas gviTxres kidec, Cvenze kargad romcxovrobT, es ar mogvwonso. sxva muslimi kaci igives imeorebs: gurulebiSuriTac gviyureben. isini amboben, rom sadac dainaxavdnen karg cxens, kargmanqanas, karg traqtors yvelaferi aWarelisaao. isini ukmayofiloebi arianamiT.

Tavis axsna-ganmartebaSi amgvar gansxvavebas nigvzianis skolis direqtoricadasturebs: es xalxi, muslimebi, maTi mkacri mdgomareobis gamo maRalmTianaWaraSi Zalian bevrs Sromobdnen. [...]Zalian bevrs muSaoben, miwas erTmtkavelasac ar acdenen. gurulebi, zarmacebi arian. [...] aWareli muslimebisSvilebi, diliT adre adgebian ToxiT da Semdeg modian skolaSi. mSoblebsZalian udganan gverdSi.

2.4. konfliqtis mxareTa Sefasebebi konfliqtis daregulirebis procesSiZiriTadi aqtorebis mier Sesrulebuli rolis Sesaxeb

sofel nigvzianSi konfliqtis mSvidobiani da samarTliani gadawyvetis

mizniT centraluri da adgilobrivi xelisuflebis, eklesiis, sruliadsaqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelos ( SemdgomSi samufTo sammarTvelo ),saxalxo damcvelis, arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da mediis mier Sesru-lebuli rolis Taobaze konfliqtis mxareTa Sefasebebi sxvadasxvaa, raccxadia, konfliqtSi maTi gansxvavebuli adgiliT, poziciiT aixsneba.


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2.4.1. sofeli nigvzianis muslimi Temis Sefasebebi

muslimi Temi dadebiTad afasebs centraluri xelisuflebis mierkonfliqtis gadawyvetis mizniT Sesrulebul rols. isini gansakuTrebiTgamoyofen konfliqtis daregulirebis procesSi eka beselias mier Sesrulebulpozitiur rols. adgilobrivi xoja, giorgi ximSiaSvili, acxadebs: eka beseliammniSvnelovani roli Seasrula. Camovida da uTxra xalxs. ager eklesia da agermeCeTio. visac gindaT, eklesiaSi SediT, visac gindaT _ meCeTSio. identuriasxva muslimis Sefasebac: Cven eka beseliam gviSvela. Cven Zalian madloblebivarT misi. man daaSoSmina xalxi. man dagvibara xalxi parlamentSi. CvenwavediT. qristianebi ar wamovidnen. Cven mogvces locvis ufleba. amis SemdegSedarebiT dalagda yvelaferi. muslimebs miaCniaT, rom axali xelisuflebispirobebSi maT pirvelad miecaT salocavis gaxsnis SesaZlebloba, rac winaxelisuflebis pirobebSi SeuZlebeli aRmoCnda. muslimi qali yveba: ammTavrobis pirobebSi bevrad ufro progresisken mivdivarT, vidre winas dros.adre gviSlidnen locvas. centraluri mTavrobis rols dadebiTad afasebssruliad saqarTvelos mufTi jemal paqsaZec.

aRniSnulis sawinaRmdegod, muslimi Temi miiCnevs, rom adgilobrivmaxelisuflebam uaryofiTi rolis Seasrula konfliqtSi da araferi gaakeTamis gadasawyvetad. erT-erTi muslimi mlocveli uTiTebs: adgilobrivixelisufleba piriqiT aqezebda xalxs Cvens winaaRmdeg. konfliqtis saTaveebiadgilobrivi xelisuflebisgan modioda. am mimarTebiT amomwurav Sefasebasadgilobrivi xoja b. kaxaZe akeTebs: Cven verafers gavxdebodiT, mTavrobarom ar Careuliyo. adgilobrivi rwmunebulic cdilobda raRaceebs da kargadiqceoda. magram wuxda, rom veraferi Seasmina gurulebs. irakli gujabiZecverafers gaxdeboda, rac ar unda moendomebina. uZluri iyo am SemTxvevaSi. manerTxel gviTxra, rom xalxi mzad ar iyo Cveni nabijisTvis. marTali iyo. raionisgamgebelma araferi gaakeTa. arc mondomeba iyo. is am ambavs ewinaaRmdegeboda.

adgilobrivi muslimebis SefasebiT konfliqtis dros policia pasiurrols TamaSobda, ar aRkveTa gamovlenili samarTaldarRvevebi da mxoloddamkvirveblis funqcias asrulebda. erT-erTi muslimi qali ixsenebs:policia umoqmedoa. ramdenjerac moxda incidenti, imdenjer movidnenda araferi gaukeTebiaT. mxolod idgnen da seirs uyurebdnen, Cvens kacebs

rogor ayenebdnen Seuracxyofas. muslimebis SefasebiT, mxolod konfliqtispolitikur doneze gadawyvetis Semdeg daiwyo policiam sakuTari movaleobisSesruleba. erT-erTi muslimi qali yveba: konfliqtis Semdeg yoveldRiuradakeTebda policia patrulirebas. manamde araferi gaukeTebia. mere romgadawyda saqme parlamentSi, mere moaxdines reagireba. igives adasturebsgamokiTxuli muslimi kaci: policiamac daiwyo Cveni dacva. manamde ki mufTicki ar SemouSva samlocveloSi xalxma. am dros ki policia saerTod ar Careulada gverdidan uyurebda seirs.


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muslimi Temi konfliqtis aqtualizaciisa da gadawyvetis procesSiiwonebs saxalxo damcvelis ofisis, arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa damediis rols da mxardaWerisTvis maT mimarT madlierebas gamoxatavs. Tumca,am mimarTebiT xazgasasmelia saqarTvelos mufTis jemal paqsaZis Sefaseba,sadac is mediaSi islamofoburi mosazrebebis gavrcelebis zianze uTiTebs:faqtiurad xels uwyoben islamofobiis damkvidrebas. xSirad arsebobsgadaumowmebeli informaciebis gaSuqeba da a.S.. xSirad, mediis mier xdebamuslimebis identificireba TurqebTan. islami, arabeTis naxevarkunZulidanwarmoiSva, rogorc qristianoba ierusalimidan da es ar aris romelime qveynisreligia, es zenacionaluri religiebia.

adgilobrivi muslimebi miCneven, rom sruliad saqarTvelos kaTalikospatriarqma ( SemdgomSi patriarqi) dadebiTi roli Seasrula konfliqtisgadawyvetaSi. Tavis axsna-ganmartebaSi saqarTvelos mufTi, jemal paqsaZeuTiTebs: patriarqis roli Zalian didia, me mas Zalian did pativs vcem dadid madlobas vuxdi am problebis mogvarebaSi gadadgmuli nabijisTvis. manmkacrad ganucxada Sexvedraze myof meufeebs, rom es iyo samarcxvino qmedebada muslimebs locvis saSualeba unda miscemoda.

patriarqis rolis pozitiuri Sefasebis miuxedavad, muslimi Temi miiCnevs,rom adgilobrivma sasuliero pirebma, gansakuTrebiT ki dekanozma saba JRentma,konfliqtis waxalisebasa da gamwvavebas Seuwyo xeli. adgilobrivi xojas, b.kaxaZis TqmiT, pirvel noembers konfliqtis mimdinareobis dros dekanozi sabaJRenti 20-mde adgilobriv qristianebTan erTad mivida mis saxlTan da locvisSewyvetisken mouwoda. b. kaxaZe ixsenebs: [...] isini agresiulebi iyvnen. me maTdamSvidebas Sevecade. maT miTxres, wadi da Sens fereidanSi iloceo. mas Cemidamcireba surda. me mas vuTxari, rom yvelani Tanasworebi varT-Tqo. aseve is,rom anaforis Cacmis Semdeg igi RmerTis msaxuri iyo da bevri moeTxoveboda. manamis Semdeg me satana meZaxa. aseve Cemi rwmena Seuracxyo da gamoacxada yuranida muslimanoba rogorc satanisturi mimdinareoba. amasobaSi misi mxleblebime da Cems ojaxs aginebdnen da TaTrebs gveZaxdnen. isini mogviwodebdnen,dagvetovebina saxl-kari da gadavsaxlebuliyaviT. sxva muslimi adgilobriviqristiani sasuliero pirebis Sesaxeb Semdegs acxadebs : imasac vfiqrob,adgilobrivi eklesiis warmomadgenlebi xom ar buntavdnen xalxs. maT Sorismama saba JRentic. mas rom moewodebina mSvidobisken, albaT is rac moxda,

aRar moxdeboda. me vfiqrob, man pirdapir ubiZga kidec xalxs amisken. nuTucentralurma eklesiam ar icoda amis Sesaxeb an ar unda scodnoda?!

2.4.2. sofeli nigvzianis marTlmadidebeli Temis Sefasebebi

adgilobrivi qristianebi ukmayofilebas gamoxataven im faqti gamo, rommaTi winaaRmdegobis miuxedavad, muslimebs samlocvelos gaxsnisa da sajarolocvis SesaZlebloba miecaT. maTi SefasebiT, centraluri xelisuflebis


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mxridan muslimebis mxardaWera ar iyo swori gadawyvetileba. erT-erTiqristiani qalbatoni acxadebs: aranairi ukeTesi mTavroba ar movida,wina mTavrobac da esec efereba muslimebs. qristiani Temis SefasebiT,xelisuflebas ubralod sxva gza ar hqonda, garda imisa, rom muslimebisTvissalocavis funqcionirebis nebarTva daerTo. am mimarTebiT, sainteresoa erTiepizodi sajaro skolis ekonomikis maswavlebelTan Cawerili interviudan:

mkvlevari: qarTuli ocneba, rom movida xelisuflebaSi, ra Seicvala?

maswavlebeli: araferi, qarTuli ocnebas ra unda gaekeTebina? mediamda arasamTavrobo organizaciebma moaxdines am Temis amoweva, Torem es Temaswrafad mogvardeboda, CveniT davaregulirebdiT, ar sWirdeboda amas aravisCareva.

konfliqtis mimdinareobis dros adgilobrivi qristianebi miuTiTebdnen,rom salocavis mSeneblobis sakiTxi umravlesobis nebis sasargeblod

unda gadawyvetiliyo da mas win xelisufleba da eklesia ver aRudgeboda.adgilobrivi qristiani qali, romlisTvisac miuRebeli iyo samlocvelosmSenebloba uTiTebs: [...] gamosavals vxedav imaSi, rom meCeTi ar unda aSendes.konstitucia da uflebebi ki ara, ilia meorec rom Camoiyvanon da prezidenticrom movides, mainc ar aaSenebineben. 25

adgilobrivi qristianebi muslimuri samlocvelos funqcionirebis daSve-bis pirobiT konfliqtis gadawyvetis winaaRmdegebi iyvnen da arc adamianisuflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciis komitetSi sakiTxis ganxilvaSimiiRes monawileoba. qristian Tems miaCnia, rom konfilqti arsebiTadadgilobrivma qristianma sasuliero pirebma gadawyvites. Tumca, maT mimarTacgamoxataven ukmayofilebas, radgan maT qristianebi gaaCeres da konfliqtisCawynarebas Seuwyes xeli.

adgilobrivi qristianebis SefasebiT, saxalxo damcvelis ofisisa daarasamTavrobo organizaciebis TanamSromlebma waaqezes muslimebi da xeliSeuwyes konfliqtis eskalacias. isini ukmayofilebas gamoxataven, radganTvlian, rom saxalxo damcvelis ofisisa da arasamTavrobo organizaciebisTanamSromlebi mxolod muslimebs xvdebodnen da qristianebTan salaparakodki arc misulan.

25 netgazeTis mier momzadebuli statia da video masala 01.11.2013, h p ://www. netgaze .ge/GE/105/News/14303/


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3. sofel winwyaroSi gamovlenili religiuri konfliqtis mimoxilva

3.1. sofeli winwyaros mosaxleobis socialuri da religiuri kompozicia

sofeli winwyaro qvemo qarTlis regionSi, TeTriwyaros municipalitetSimdebareobs. adre sofelSi ZiriTadad eTnikurad berZnebi cxovrobdnen,Tumca, mas Semdeg, rac maTma ZiriTadma nawilma datova saqarTvelo, sofelSieTnikurad azerbaijaneli ojaxebi dasaxldnen. 2005 wels ki winwyaroSiekomigranti ojaxebi Tavdapirvelad maRalmTiani aWaridan, maleve kisvaneTidan Caasaxles. am droisTvis sofelSi 600-mde ojaxi cxovrobs, maTgan100-mde ojaxs azerbaijanelebi Seadgenen, danarCens ki, TiTqmis TanabariTanafardobiT _ aWarlebi da svanebi. sofelSi mcxovrebi aWarlebis didinawili gaqristianda, islamis rwmena ki daaxloebiT 20-mde aWarelma ojaxmaSeinarCuna. aWareli muslimebi sunitebi arian, azerbaijaneli muslimebi ki_ Siitebi. Sesabamisad, maTi religiuri praqtika gnsxvavebulia da erTad arloculoben. muslim da qristian Temebs Soris keTilmezobluri urTierTobaarsebobda. Temebs Soris fiqsirdeba qorwinebis SemTxvevebic. sxvadasxvareligiuri warmomadgenlebis mier ojaxis Seqmnis safuZveli saerTo religiismiRebaa. miuxedavad imisa, rom Temebs Soris Tanacxovroba keTilmezobluriiyo, 2012 wels momxdarma religiurma konfliqtma muslim da marTlmadidebelTemebs Soris manamde arsebuli gaucxoebis tendenciebi gamoavlina.konfliqtSi adgilobriv azerbaijanelebs monawiloeba ar miuRiaT da maTmimarT konfliqtis mxareebis damokidebuleba neitralur xasiaTs atarebs,rac maTi sxva eTnikuri kuTvnilebiTa da, Sesabamisad, maTgan ufro maRalidistancirebiT/gansxvavebiT SeiZleba aixsnas.

3.2. sofel winwyaroSi gamovlenili religiuri konfliqtis qronologia dadinamika

3.2.1. samlocvelos gaxsna sofel winwyaroSi

sofel winwyaroSi muslimTa samlocvelo 2012 wlis noembris TvisdasawyisSi, samufTo sammarTvelos daxmarebiT gaixsna. manamde adgilobrivimuslimi aWarlebi salocavad marneulSi an mezobel sofel qosalarSidadiodnen, rac maT finansur tvirTad awveboda. xSirad es problema maTTviskoleqtiur locvebSi monawileobas SeuZlebels xdida. walkis mufTis, jemaladaZis ganmartebiT, winwyaroSi mcxovrebma muslimebma samlocvelos gaxsnisTxovniT samufTos jer kidev 2011 wels mimarTes. soflis saWiroebebisSeswavlis Semdeg muslimTa sammarTvelom adgilobriv muslimebs salocavisaxli SeuZina. 2012 wlis noembris dasawyisSi samlocvelos gaxsnis Taobazeinformacia adgilobriv mosaxleobas hqonda, Tumca am ambavs maTi mxridan


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winaaRmdegoba ar mohyolia. mxolod noembris Tvis bolos muslimebisa daqristianebis sasaflaoebis saerTo WiSkarze damontaJebuli jvrebis moxsnisincidentis Semdeg, gamovlinda pirveli religiuri xasiaTis dapirispirebaadgilobriv Temebs Soris. adgilobrivi mosaxleobis axsna-ganmartebebisanalizi aCvenebs, rom miuxedavad imisa, rom jvris moxsnis incidentikonfliqtis sababi gaxda, adgilobriv marTlmadidebel Tems arsebiTi xasiaTiswinaaRmdegoba hqonda sofelSi muslimuri samlocvelos gaxsnis faqtTandakavSirebiT.

3.2.2. sofel winwyaroSi gamovlenili konfliqtis qronologia da mimoxilva

qristianuli da muslimuri sasaflaoebisTvis saerTo Robe da WiSkari 2wlis win adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis dafinansebiT, soflis daxmarebisprogramis farglebSi damzadda. miuxedavad imisa, rom muslimur sasaflaoze

qristianuli simbolikis aRmarTva muslimi Temis ukmayofilebas iwvevda,mTeli am drois ganmavlobaSi jvris moxsnis mizniT maT radikaluri nabijebiar gadaudgamT. am mimarTebiT kvlevis farglebSi Caweril interviuSi qvemoqarTlis mufTi ixsenebs: [...] maT mimarTes soflis rwmunebuls da uTxres,rom musulmanebis sasaflaoze jvrebis arseboba maT religiur mrwamssewinaaRmdegeboda. soflis rwmunebulma es Txovna ar gaiTvaliswina. manamgvari frazebiT mimarTa muslimebs: `Cven dRes romel qveyanaSi vcxovrobT,romeli saukunea, yvelam unda icodes, rom gamovideT sibnelidan. axla isdro aRar aris, viyoT warsulSi, Cven ar varT Turqebi, Cven ar varT TaTrebi. metic, mufTis, iseve, rogorc adgilobrivi mosaxleobis gancxadebiT,aRniSnul sasaflaoze erT-erTi muslimi pedagogis saflavze, romlis ojaxiswevrebi qristianebi arian, jvaria gamosaxuli, Tumca, jvris moxsna muslimimaswavleblis saflavidan ver moxerxda. [...] Cven mivmarTeT mTavrobas da misganmiviReT SemoTavazeba, rom sasaflaos SigniT arsebuli problemisTvis Cvenmigvexeda, xolo sasaflaos karze arsebul jvarze Tavad izrunebdnen. Tumca,es SeTanxmeba ar Sesrulda, verc Cven SevZeliT muslimi pedagogis saflavidan jvris gauqmeba da verc maT uzrunvelyves sasaflaos saerTo karidan jvrisCamoxsna.

2012 wlis noembris bolos sasaflaos WiSkarze jvari Cumad moiWra, racadgilobrivi marTlmadideblebis agresiisa da winaaRmdegobis sababi gaxda.

2012 wlis 29 noembers adgilobrivi qristianuli mosaxleoba adgilobrivxojas marad RorjomeliZes miuvarda da sityvieri Seuracxyofa miayena. kaxeTissainformacio centris mier Caweril video masalaSi marad RorjomeliZeixsenebs: 29 noembers soflis centrSi Seikribnen. imuqrebodnen, romsoflidan gamasaxlebdnen, saxl-kars gadamiwvavdnen. Cemi cemis mcdelobaciyo, magram saSualeba ar misces. imasac mabraleben, jvrebi Sen moxsenio. me arc jvari momixsnia da arc Seuracxyofa mimiyenebia jvrisTvis. Cvens yurans rom


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miayenos Seuracxyofa vinmem, ar vapatiebT. amitom, maTac ar vamtyuneb. vincmoxsna, ar unda moexsna jvrebi. eg unda moxsniliyo mTavrobis doneze. pirvelrigSi arc unda daeyenebinaT, aravis SeekiTxnen. radgan gaakeTes, aRaraferigviTqvams. axla ras da vis ukavSirdeba jvrebis moxsna, ar vici. 26

2012 wlis 30 noembers 12:30 saaTze, locvis dawyebamde naxevari saaTiT adre40-mde adgilobrivi qristiani, ZiriTadad mamakaci, samlocvelosTan mividada muslim mrevls locvis Catareba aukrZala. mxareebs Soris dapirspirebaagresiul xasiaTs atarebda. im periodSi media saSualebebis mier gadaRebulivideo kadrebi aCvenebs dapirispirebis dros gamovlenili agresiis, ZaladobismaRal xarisxs. 27 adgilobrivi qristianebi uTiTeben, rom isini ZaliT gaauqmebensalocavs da acxadebdnen, rom im SemTxvevaSi, Tu samlocvelo ar daixureboda,konfliqti seriozul saxes miiRebda. 28 samlocvelos garSemo policia iyomobilizebuli. im dRes muslimma mlocvelebma SeZles locvis aRvlena.

konfliqtis mimdinareobis dros media saSualebebisTvis micemul inter-viuebSi adgilobrivi qristianebi acxadeben:

daarqmeven axla am saxls meCeTs, daadgamen meCeTis formas, moiyvanenmolas. garSemo yvela ojaxi qristiani cxovrobs, uTenia molas yvirilsvusmino Tu qristianul locvas? (adgilobrivi qristiani zurab WeliZe).

sadme ganapira kuTxeSi mainc gaakeTon meCeTi. romel qristiansgauxardeba, rom mis saxlTan ilocos muslimanma, ar aris mizanSewonili. vercerTi qristiani ver dauSlis locvas, magram es ukve metismetia, cxvirwinmuslimanur salocavs gvixsnian (adgilobrivi qristiani meduli Wkadua).

[...] aravis aravisTvis dauSlia locva. axla undaT, rom meCeTi aSendes,meCeTisTvis iyides es saxli, Torem sakuTar saxlSi vin vis dauSlis locvas?es qristianuli sofelia da oficialuri meCeTi winwyaroSi ar gaixsneba (adgilobrivi qristiani ramaz WeliZem). 29

ukve mogvianebiT kvlevisTvis micemul axsna-ganmatebaSi erT-erTiadgilobrivi qristiani identur midgomas aCvenebs : [...] es sofeli odiTganiyo qristianuli sofeli da amdenma qristianma amitom moiyara aq Tavi. Torem

26 kaxeTis sainformacio centris mier momzadebuli statia da video masala, 03.12.2012,h p ://www.ick.ge/ ar cles /13081-2012-12-03-16-17-57.html aseveh p ://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=kjoITqfX8aY 27 sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis mier momzadebuli siuJeti, 30.11.2012 ,h p ://1tv.ge/news-view/4446928 rusTavi 2-is mier momzadebuli siuJeti, 30.11. 2012 ,h p ://youtubekensaku.com/detail/kg-d9ZyBMLE29 kaxeTis sainformacio centris mier gadaRebuli video masala, 03.12.2012,h p ://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=OIHz2x6DmCU


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es rom musulmanuri sofeli yofiliyo, fexs ar davadgamdi, Cemi nebiT varaq Camosaxlebuli. muslimebi rom iyvnen, ki vicodi, magram imedi mqonda, romproblema ar meqmneboda maTTan. igives imeorebs sxva qristiani mamakaci: mees mxare imitom miyvars, rom qristianuli mxarea. risTvis daiRupa Cveni mama-papa da winaprebi. me aq meCeTis aSenebas rogor Seveguebi, Tavs Sevaklav.

amgvari Sefasebebi mtkivneulad aRiqmeba adgilobrivi muslimebis mier:paraskevis locvaze rom iZaxian, mola ikivlebso. ra aris es?! Cvenc gvesmisyoveldRe zarebis rekva, magram yuradRebas ar vaqcevT. ar gvawuxebs. gvixariakidec, rom locvaa. rogorc Cven vcemT pativs maT sarwmunoebas, ise scenmaT Cvens sarwmunoebas pativi. rogori moqalaqe is aris, iseTive var mec(adgilobrivi muslimi qali 50 wlamde).

30 noembers mediisTvis micemul interviuSi soflis rwmunebuli TamazmosiZe ganmartavs, rom mimdinare konfliqti mosaxleobis umravlesobis nebisgaTvaliswinebiT unda gadawyvetiliyo da Tu salocavis aSeneba sofelSi 3, 4

an Tundac 10 ojaxs surda, es sakiTxi mainc soflis mosaxleobis umravlesobisnebis Sesabamisad daregulirebas moiTxovda. misi SefasebiT, adgilobrivimuslimi Temis uflebebi ar irRveoda, radgan maT salocavad mezobelsoflebSi Casvla SeeZloT. 30

2012 wlis 4 dekembers winwyaroSi viTarebis gasarkvevad Cavidnenparlamentis wevrebi, soso jaWvliani da viqtor jafariZe. deputatebiwinwyaroSi Casaxlebul svanebs Sexvdnen da mimdinare dapirispirebis TaobazemaTi mosazrebebi moismines. Sexvedras arc erTi muslimi ar eswreboda.aRniSnuli Sexvedris dros erT-erTma adgilobrivma qristianma zurab

WeliZem ganacxada: axalgazrdebs daTqmuli aqvT, paraskevs uTenia misvla imsaxlTan da muslimebis ar SeSveba salocavSi. Sexvedra sisxliani iqneba, viRacatexavs Cxubs, mere gansazRvra SeuZlebelia, aWareli dazaraldeba Tu svani.moxdeba mkvleloba. Cven ar davTmobT. isinic bevrni dairazmebian, Cvenc, vinmokvdeba, vin ar mokvdeba, winaswar veravin ver gansazRvravs. am Sefasebazedeputatma viqtor jafariZem ganacxada: gardauvalia eg . mosaxleobasTanTavis saubarSi v. jafariZe agrZelebs: [...]undaT viTom, rom maTi uflebebiar dairRves, magram Cveni uflebebic xom irRveva? mosaxleoba damSviddebaim SemTxvevaSi, Tu isini, vinc jvari moWra, pasuxs ageben. ras hqvia, jvarimoWran, amas saxeli ar hqvia. es aris Zveli xelisuflebis qmedeba, rom wyali

aamRvrios. ukve JurnalistisTvis micemul interviuSi ki deputati dasZens:Tu laparakia uflebebis darRvevaze, mola rom ilocebs dilis 6 saaTze,ratom ar uSvebT imas, rom dairRveva qristianebis uflebebic? dilis 6 saaTzeiqneb ar undaT, moisminon musulmanebis locva. saxlSi visac unda, ilocos,sxvas nu Seawuxeben Tavisi qmedebiT. 31

30 netgazeTis mier gadaRebuli video masala, 30.11.2012,h p ://www.youtube.com/watch?v= mM tuxJz5g #t=365 31 kaxeTis sainformacio centris mier gadaRebuli video masala, 03.12.2012,h p ://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=36RIBpWx9LU


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2012 wlis 7 dekembers muslimur samlocvelosTan kvlav Seikribnenqristianebi. samlocvelosTan mobilizebuli iyo policia, muslimmamlocvelebma locvis Catareba SeZles. aRsaniSnavia, rom am dRes paraskevistradiciul locvaSi monawileoba mxolod erTma adgilobrivma muslimma miiRo,danarCeni mlocvelebi walkidan da sxva maxlobeli soflebidan Camovidnen.

adgilobrivi qristianebisa da soflis rwmunebulis, Tamaz mosiZisganmartebiT, 7 dekembramde mxareebs Soris Sedga SeTanxmeba, rom samlocveloSilocvebi aRar gaimarTeboda. Tumca, misi TqmiT, samufTo sammarTvelomSeTanxmebis es pirobaa daarRvia da locva mainc Caatara. kvlevis farglebSiaRebul interviuSi soflis rwmunebuli yveba: Cven SevTanxmdiT, rom sanam iliaII-s ar SevxvdebodiT, ar unda gaxsniliyo samlocvelo da ar unda Semdgariyolocva. magram jemal adaZe, mainc movida meore dRes. Cven vTxoveT, rom erTikviris ganmavlobaSi, sanam ar SevxvdebodiT patriarqs da jemal paqsaZes, argaexsnaT samlocvelo da rasac isini gvetyodnen, ise movqceuliyaviT.

konfliqtis mimdinareobis dros media saSualebebis mier Caweril videomasalaSi adgilobrivi qristianebi aprotestebdnen SeTanxmebis darRvevisfaqts da SesaZlo Zaladobas, sisxlisRvras ar gamoricxavdnen. 32 adgilobriviqristianebi miuTiTebdnen, rom sakuTari miznis misaRwevad isini policiasacki ar daemorCilebodnen. 33

mogvianebiT, kvlevis procesSi Caweril axsna-ganmartebebSi adgilobriviqristianebi uTiTebdnen, rom maTTvis muslimi religiuri liderebis mxridanmiRweuli SeTanxmebis darRveva gaxda konfliqtis gamwvavebis mizezi:muslimebma da qristianebma moilaparakes da gadawyda samlocvelos daxurva.muslimebs ukve gadawyvetili hqondaT samlocvelos daxurva, Tumca,arasamTavrobo organizaciebis STagonebiT maT kvlav gaxsnes samlocvelo.[...] svanebic, SeTanxmebis darRvevis gamo gaRiziandnen. swored es iyo amdaZabulobis kulminacia da swored am dros ambobdnen svanebi, rom sisxlidaiRvrebao (adgilobrivi qristiani svani).

2012 wlis 7 dekembers mTavrobis oficialur veb-gverdze gavrceldapremier-ministris gancxadeba, romelSic man miuTiTa, rom religiuridapirispireba qristian da muslim moqalaqeebs Soris provokaciis niSnebsatarebda. premieris gancxadebiT: [...] aseTi dapirispireba sruliad ucxoaCveni xalxisaTvis. es ar aris qarTuli movlena. saukuneebis ganmavlobaSimarTlmadidebel qristianebTan sruliad mSvidobianad Tanacxovrobdnensxva religiis warmomadgenlebi da istorias ar axsovs religiuri niSniTdapirispirebis Tundac erTi SemTxvevac ki. swored amitom, mimaCnia, am bolo

32 Palitratv- s mier gadaRebuli video masala, 07.12.2012 . h p ://www.palitratv.ge/akhali-ambe-bi/sazogadoeba/24443-dapirispireba-tsintsyaroshi-religiuri-shughli-thu-shegnebuli-provokacia.html33 EMC- is mier gadaRebuli video masala, 07.12.2012. h ps ://www.facebook.com/photo.php?v=506188772747100


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dros religiuri niSniT dapirispirebis gaxSireba aSkarad provokaciisniSnebs atarebs da saqarTvelos saxelmwifos diskreditacias isaxavsmiznad. religiuri aRmsareblobis Tavisufleba yvela am qveynis moqalaqiskonstituciuri uflebaa da Cveni xelisufleba ar dauSvebs vinmesTvis amuflebis SezRudvas. samarTaldamcavi organoebi gamoiZieben TiToeulkanondarRvevas da umkacresad daisjeba yvela, vinc kanonsawinaaRmdegodmonawileobs am samarcxvino dapirispirebaSi. 34

konfliqtis xelovnur xasiaTze uTiTebebs manglisisa da walkis eparqiismitropoliti anania, romelTanac interviu kvlevis procesSi 2013 wlisoqtombris TveSi Caiwera. misi SefasebiT, adgilobriv qristianebs dapirispirebasamlocvelosTan dakavSirebiT saerTod ar gamouxatavT: [...] paraskevsCamouyvaniaT didi avtobusebiT musulmanebi sxvadasxva regionebidan, maTSoris pankisidan. demonstracia mouwyviaT ase da amaT Turme Tan Camoyvatelevizia. magaliTad, gamovida kaci iqauri da kiTxes, rom ai musulmanimeCeTs aSenebs da Tqven sofelze modian, manac upasuxa, vin arian, ra undaT,saidan gaCndnen. iqaur xalxs aranairi dapirispireba ar gaaCniaT.

2012 wlis 10 dekembers parlamentis wevris zaqaria qucnaSvilis xelSewyobiTSedga Sexvedra marTlmadidebeli da muslimi Temebis warmomadgenlebs, asevemaT religiur liderebs Soris. Sexvedris Semdeg monawileebma miuTiTes, romkonfliqti amowurulia. JurnalistebisTvis micemul interviuSi zaqariaqucnaSvilma ganacxada: `am cnobili problemebis sakiTxebze dRes gvqondaSexvedra musulman da qristian qarTvelebTan. Sexvedras aseve eswrebodnenwinwyaros mufTi, soflis xelmZRvaneloba da meufe anania. SevTanxmdiT,rom konfliqts daesvas wertili. SeTanxmebis piroba mdgomareobs imaSi,rom muslimani qarTvelebi iTxoven im pirebis gamovlenasa da dasjas,romlebic eWvimtanilni arian jvrebis SeuracxyofaSi, marTlmadideblebiki amboben, rom aravin dauSlis muslimanebs religiuri ritualis Catarebas.am mxriv adgilobrivebs araviTari problema ar Seeqmneba, Tu gare Zalebi argaagrZleben waqezebas. 35 Sexvedris bolos z. qucnaSvilma muslim qarTvelebsyurani, xolo marTlmadidebel Tems wminda giorgis xati gadasca.

2012 wlis 14 dekembers sofel winwyaroSi viTarebis adgilze SesaswavladsaqarTveloSi amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis elCi

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