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Report on Enagás' Carbon Footprint
2015
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Contents
1. Purpose of this report ......................................................................... 3
2. Enagás' profile .................................................................................... 3
2.1. Enagás' business activities ............................................................................ 3
2.2. Scope of operations ..................................................................................... 5
2.3. Organisation ............................................................................................... 6
3. Commitment to combating climate change ......................................... 7
4. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventory ....................................... 8
4.1. Enagás Carbon Footprint scope ..................................................................... 8
4.1.1. Greenhouse gases (GHG) ........................................................................ 9
4.1.2. Reporting period covered ........................................................................ 9
4.1.3. Organisational boundaries ....................................................................... 9
4.1.4. Operational Boundaries ........................................................................... 9
4.1.5. Base year ............................................................................................ 10
4.2. Identification of emission sources ................................................................ 10
4.3. Calculation methodology............................................................................. 12
4.4. Exclusions ................................................................................................ 13
4.5. Uncertainty level ....................................................................................... 14
4.6. Changes in 2015 vs 2014 Carbon Footprint ................................................... 16
5. Carbon Footprint 2015 ...................................................................... 18
5.1. Scope 1 and 2 emissions ............................................................................ 18
5.2. Scope 3 emissions ..................................................................................... 25
6. Adjustment to base year emissions ................................................... 26
7. GHG emissions reduction initiatives .................................................. 27
8. External verification statement ......................................................... 29
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1. Purpose of this report
The purpose of this annual report is to provide information on Enagás' 2015 Carbon
Footprint.
Through this document the company intends to communicate to all stakeholders its
commitment to action against climate change and its daily efforts to make continuous
improvements by reducing emissions. Enagás also aims to report on the performance of its
business activities and its actions in relation to greenhouse gas ("GHG") emissions.
2. Enagás' profile
2.1. Enagás' business activities
Enagás is Spain’s leading natural gas transmission, regasification and storage company and
the technical manager of the gas system. It is also certified as an independent Transmission
System Operator (TSO) by the European Union. Enagás provides key strategic support to
the operation of the gas network in Spain.
The company's activities include technical management of the Spanish gas system and
operating and maintaining gas infrastructures in a secure, efficient, profitable and
environmentally-responsible manner.
Enagás develops, operates and maintains its infrastructures, providing third-party access to
the network and offering distribution companies services that meet their needs and
expectations.
The company fully controls (100% ownership) of the following infrastructure in Spain:
Over 10,000 kilometres of gas pipelines throughout Spain.
Three underground storage facilities: Serrablo (Huesca), Yela (Guadalajara) and
Gaviota (Vizcaya).
Four regasification plants: Cartagena, Huelva, Barcelona and El Musel (Gijón).
In addition, over the last few years, Enagás has acquired stakes, either directly or indirectly
through intermediaries, in various companies, both in Spain and internationally, as is
detailed below:
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2.2. Scope of operations
Enagás' activities in the gas value chain, include: natural gas transmission, regasification,
underground storage, loading and unloading of LNG tankers and LNG truck loading.
The operations at the company's facilities are described below:
Regasification plants: Gas is transported in LNG tankers at 160ºC below zero in liquid
form and is offloaded at the regasification plants. At these facilities, the temperature of the
liquid natural gas (LNG) is raised through a physical process, generally using saltwater
vaporisers, transforming it into gas. The natural gas is then injected into the network of gas
pipelines and transported throughout the Spanish mainland. In addition, at these facilities
LNG is loaded onto LNG tankers and LNG trucks.
Regulation and metering stations (RMS): RMSs are located at points of supply
(outlets). They reduce the pressure of the gas to 16 bar as a means of starting a process
that will regulate pressure until it reaches the final pressure used by companies and
households. These stations also measure the natural gas delivered. Enagás currently has
493 RMS. Facilities of this kind are constantly being built and brought into service, in
response to requests for new supply points from gas distribution and transmission
companies.
Gas pipelines: Gas pipelines are high-pressure steel tubes that can carry natural gas.
Enagás’ transmission network consists of 10,314 km of pipelines designed to be operated at
maximum pressures of 72 and 80 bar.
Compressor stations (CS): The compressors installed at these stations raise the pressure
of gas transmitted to 72/80 bar so as to maximise the pipeline transmission capacity.
Enagás currently has 18 compressor stations with total installed power capacity of 508,650
kW ISO. The maximum pressure at the compressor stations is between 80 and 72 bar,
depending on the pressure design of the gas pipeline they are on, while the minimum
pressure is between 40 and 45 bar.
Underground storage facilities: To align supply with demand and cover peaks in
consumption caused by seasonal fluctuations in demand, disruption to supply, etc., the
system must be able to store large volumes of gas. In these cases, gas is either stored
underground in former deposits or injected into deep aquifers or cavities hollowed out in
saline formations.
Enagás' activities in the natural gas value chain (in blue)
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2.3. Organisation
The Organisation and CSR Department, reporting directly to the Resources Department,
coordinates climate change management at Enagás, and together with other departments,
is responsible for managing and reporting on sustainability and environmental matters,
which include calculating the carbon footprint.
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3. Commitment to combating climate change
Every year, Enagás increases its commitment to the fight against climate change, through
its model of management and continuous improvement. This is based on public
commitment, measures to reduce emissions and reporting our actions and their results,
along with the extension of our commitment to the entire supply chain:
Enagás’ climate change management model
Enagas’ 2015 milestones in climate change matters:
Setting a new emissions reduction for the company: “Enagás will reduce its GHG
emissions by 30% in the period 2016-2018 compared to 2013-2015”.
Report on the climate change-related actions, risks and opportunities through the
Carbon Disclosure Project ("CDP"), obtained a score of 99B.
Participation in the “We Mean Business” campaign against climate change.
Support the development of a low-carbon economy through participation in various
different platforms, associations or forums, for example, joining the Spanish
Green Growth Group.
Setting an internal carbon price with the aim of including environmental externalities
in the company's business and investment decisions.
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4. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventory
In 2011 Enagás set up an internal multidisciplinary working group that monitors GHG
emissions on a monthly basis, identifies improvement initiatives and reviews compliance
with the objective of reducing its emissions, which has an effect on the variable
remuneration of all employees.
In addition, Enagás annually calculates and publishes, through various mediums, the
Carbon Footprint of its activities. For the third consecutive year, Enagás' Carbon Footprint
has been verified by an independent third party, in accordance with standard UNE-EN ISO
14064 to enable its validity to be recognised, thus increasing transparency for its
stakeholders.
In 2015, 48% of emissions in scope 1 and 2 of the Carbon Footprint were included within
the European Union Emissions Trading System ("EU ETS"); being strictly monitored and
verified by the relevant bodies.
The remaining 52% corresponds to fugitive emissions, venting and emissions from
greenhouse gases (other than carbon dioxide), among other sources not included in EU ETS
(methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and coolant gases). These emissions were measured
using a reliable methodology in accordance with the requirements of ISO standards and the
GHG Protocol.
4.1. Enagás Carbon Footprint scope
Enagás' activities include natural gas transmission, regasification, underground storage,
loading and unloading of LNG tankers and LNG truck loading. In that sense, all the
emissions that form part of Enagás' Carbon Footprint and are included in this report, come
from such activities.
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4.1.1. Greenhouse gases (GHG)
Enagás' Carbon Footprint includes all GHG listed in the Kyoto Protocol and generated
by its own activities: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and
refrigeration and air conditioning gases: hydrofluorocarbons (HFC) and
perfluorocarbons (PFC).
4.1.2. Reporting period covered
The scope of this report includes information related to year 2015.
4.1.3. Organisational boundaries
The Enagás Group is formed by different companies in which it has different degrees
of ownership and control. For Carbon Footprint reporting purposes, emissions are
calculated under the financial control approach.
In this sense, Enagás has financial control of those companies over which it has
“accounting control”, defined according to the GHG Protocol as, “the ability to direct
their financial and operating policies with a view to gaining economic benefits from its
activities”. In these cases, according to International Accounting Standards, a method
of global consolidation in the financial statements is applied.
Accordingly, Scope 1 accounts for 100% of GHG emissions from companies in which
Enagás has financial control (shareholding ≥ 50%) and which were constituted during
the first half of 2015. In this respect, emissions generated by the following companies
are included as direct emissions:
The emissions of those Spanish investees over which Enagás does not have financial
control are also included within Scope 3. Enagás' share of the verified GHG emissions
of these investees within the EU ETS framework, corresponds to the proportion of
equity it holds in them: Bahía de Bizkaia Gas, S.L (50%) and Planta de Regasificación
de Sagunto, S.A. (Saggas) (30%).
4.1.4. Operational Boundaries
After defining the organisational boundaries, Enagás identifies its emissions sources,
classifying them as direct or indirect emissions according to the 3 scopes defined in
the GHG Protocol:
Scope 1: Direct GHG emissions. Direct GHG emissions from sources that are
owned or controlled by the company.
Scope 2: Indirect GHG emissions associated with electricity. Accounts for
emissions from the generation of electricity acquired and consumed by the
company, but that physically occur outside the scope of its activities.
Scope 3: Other indirect GHG emissions. Includes the rest of the indirect
emissions resulting from the activities of the company, but which occur from
sources not owned or controlled by the company. These are categorised
according to GHG Protocol.
Company Country%
shareholding
FINANCIAL
CONTROL?
Emissions
attributable to
Enagás, S.A. Spain 100,00% YES 100% SCOPE 1
Compañía Transportista de Gas Canarias, S.A. (Gascan) Spain 100,00% YES 100% SCOPE 1
Enagás Transporte del Norte, S.L. Spain 90,00% YES 100% SCOPE 1
Enagás Transporte, S.A.U. Spain 100,00% YES 100% SCOPE 1
Gasoducto Al-Andalus, S.A. Spain 66,96% YES 100% SCOPE 1
Gasoducto de Extremadura, S.A. Spain 51,00% YES 100% SCOPE 1
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4.1.5. Base year
The base year for tracking the Enagás Carbon Footprint is established as being 2013,
when the first verified Carbon Footprint Report appeared.
4.2. Identification of emission sources
The following emission sources have been identified by scopes:
Scope 1
1. Direct emissions
from stationary combustion
• Natural gas consumption in boilers (regasification plants, CS and
RMS boilers, and regeneration boilers for methanol and TEG at
underground storage facilities).
• Natural gas consumption in submerged combustion evaporators at
regasification plants.
• Natural gas flaring in normal operations (pilot flaring systems and
other flame maintenance systems at regasification plants and underground storage facilities).
• Natural gas flaring in tanker loading operations (boil-off gas1
generated in LNG tanker loading operations).
• Natural gas flaring at the technical minimum (below the technical
minimum production stage of each plant).
• Natural gas consumption in heating systems and electricity
generators.
• Natural gas consumed by turbo-compressors and engine-driven
compressors in the gas compression process.
• Gas oil consumption in electricity generators and fire protection
pumps.
2. Direct emissions
from mobile
combustion
• Emissions from the consumption of gasoline, diesel and compressed
natural gas (CNG) by Enagás' fleet of vehicles.
3. Process emissions
• Natural gas vented in normal and special operations (maintenance
operations and new connections in the transmission network, venting of compressors, etc.).
• Natural gas vented in tanker loading operations.
• Natural gas vented at technical minimum (venting in production
periods below technical minimum at regasification plants).
4. Fugitive
emissions
• Leaks at the Enagás facilities.
• Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions during the use of refrigeration
and air conditioning equipment.
Scope 2
Electricity
consumption • Emissions from the consumption of electricity in all Enagás facilities.
1 Boil off gas is created by evaporation of the LNG due to heat entering the tank in storage or transportation.
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Scope 3
1. Purchase of goods
and services
• Emissions from extraction, production, and transportation of goods
and services acquired.
• Emissions from paper consumption are reported separately.
2. Capital goods • Emissions from extraction, production, and transportation of capital
goods acquired.
3. Fuel- and energy
related activities
(not included in scope 1 or scope 2)
• Emissions from extraction, production, and transportation of fuels
consumed directly by Enagás: natural gas.
4. Upstream
transportation and distribution
• Emissions from fuel consumption of helicopter and boat
transportation services between the onshore facility and offshore storage platform.
5. Waste generated
in operations
• Emissions from the transportation, management and treatment of
waste generated in Enagás facilities.
6. Business travel • Emissions derived from business travel by Enagás employees.
7. Employee
commuting
• Emissions derived from commuting to and from work by Enagás
employees.
15. Investments • Emissions, not included in scope 1 or 2, generated by companies in
which Enagás has a shareholding but not financial control.
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4.3. Calculation methodology
Once emission sources have been identified and classified by scope, then activity data and
associated emission factors are gathered.
A centralised approach to gathering GHG emissions data is taken, whereby individual
facilities report activity data to the Organisation and CSR Department of Enagás, from
where the GHG emissions inventory is calculated. Each facility reports its own data, directly
or through a software reporting tool such as SLM, ORION, GESCON, etc.
Activity data is measured, calculated or estimated, as follows:
Natural gas consumption and venting occurring at the facilities and in the
transmission network are always measured with metering equipment owned by
Enagás. These data are dumped daily in the SLM tool.
The amount of natural gas vented over pipelines is gathered from the internal tool
ORION. Each zone manager calculates the volume of gas vented in accordance with
relevant approved procedure and sends this to GTS by mail, with data subsequently
being added manually in ORION.
Gas oil consumption in stationary sources is measured taking into account purchase
invoices and the amount stored at the beginning and end of the year. The facilities
report this information through an addendum associated with the GHG emissions
measurement procedure set out in the EU ETS framework.
Fuel used in the vehicle fleet is automatically registered on the fuel card database.
Electricity consumption data are gathered from monthly bills issued by each
distributor, to each facility. In the case of RMS, pipeline positions and transmission
centres, this is the data taken from the GESCON tool, which is directly updated by
the distributor.
Natural gas flaring at underground storage facilities is estimated from a dragging rate of natural gas by the TEG (drying) and are provided annually by each facility.
Natural gas consumption data on air-conditioning systems and electricity generators
are entered into the internal tool GESTINCID by each facility, provided separate
meters are used to measure its consumption.
In the case of fugitive emissions (or leaks), a firm of experts have carried out a
measurement campaign for Enagás between 2013-2015, which has provided real
data for leaks from regasification plants, compressor stations, RMS, pipeline
positions and underground storage areas.
The amount of HFC use in refrigeration and air conditioning is gathered using the
recharge delivery notes provided by the equipment maintenance companies.
Scope 3 emissions included in the 2015 Carbon Footprint are as follows:
- Emissions corresponding to categories 1, 2 and 3 of the GHG Protocol are
provided by the 2014 CDP Supply Chain programme, whereby each supplier
reports the emissions associated with their service provision to Enagás.
- Paper consumption data are provided by the supplier LYRECO.
- Business travel data are provided by Enagás' travel agency.
- Fuel consumption by the helicopter and boat at Gaviota underground storage
which has an offshore platform, are provided by each of the transportation
service suppliers.
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- Activity data from transportation, management and treatment of waste
generated in Enagás facilities come from the single waste manager's annual
reports.
- Employee commuting to and from work has been estimated based on generic
trip data.
- Emissions data relating to companies in which Enagás has an equity
investment, but does not have financial control, are taken from verified
reports of the GHG emissions included under the EU ETS.
Emission factors, global warming potentials and conversion factors have been carefully
selected to ensure the reliability of sources and ensure that the data used is both
representative and up-to-date. Also, as far as possible an attempt has been made to
prioritise country-specific factors rather than global factors. These factors are as follows:
For the combustion of natural gas, gas oil and gasoline, the emission factor and the
net calorific value (NCV) listed in the Spanish national inventory for 2015, and
reported to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
have been used.
The remaining emissions have been calculated based on the most recent emission
factors published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The
global warming potentials (GWP) used for CH4, N2O and HFC, also come from the
same source and are the most recent available.
The electricity emission factor corresponds to latest data published by the WWF
Electricity Observatory (January-November 2015 data). In addition, included this
year are three universal supply point code contracts, covered by guarantees of
origin, generating a zero emission factor in electricity consumption at the company's
headquarters in Paseo de los Olmos (Madrid) the Zaragoza R&D laboratory and the
compressor station in Denia.
GHG emissions are then calculated using the following formula:
GHG emissions (tCO2e) = Activity Data x Emission Factor
Enagás has developed a Carbon Footprint calculating and reporting procedure, which
contains the entire process of activity and consumption data gathering, emissions
calculation and reporting. This procedure has been reviewed and approved in accordance
with the company's quality management system certified under ISO 9001:2008.
All the emissions data provided in this report comes from an excel spreadsheet detailing
activity data, emission and conversion factors, and global warming potentials for all existing
GHG sources, as well as the resulting emissions.
Enagás 2015 Carbon Footprint report has been verified with a reasonable level of assurance
by AENOR, in accordance with the requirements of standard UNE-EN ISO 14064:2006.
4.4. Exclusions
GHG emissions derived from companies in which Enagás holds an equity investment,
but does not have financial control are excluded from scope 1 and scope 2, as well as
those in which a shareholding has been acquired during the second half of the
reporting year.
Likewise, the Castor underground storage facility has been excluded. In addition to
currently being in hibernation, its maintenance was entrusted to Enagás under Royal
Decree Law 13/2014, and it is not part of the company's assets.
Emissions data which it has not been possible to verify, have been excluded from
scope 3.
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4.5. Uncertainty level
In the case of emissions subject to the EU ETS, the level of uncertainty complies with
regulation 601/2012 which establishes the requirements on accuracy depending on the type
of source stream and the characteristics of each facility.
For the other emissions, the level of uncertainty that has been taken is the maximum error
permitted in the various regulations applicable, as the emissions are calculated on the basis
of:
Consumption and activity data, which are measured and monitored to manage
invoicing.
Emission factors from tested sources.
The measuring equipment is periodically verified and calibrated (internal and external audits
of the quality management system verified in accordance with standard UNE-EN ISO 9001).
Specifically, the gas meters are under legal metrological control (Royal Decree 889/2006) in
accordance with the rules of the Technical Management of the Spanish Natural Gas System
and Detail Protocol PD-01 on Metering.
In the case of leaks, which represent 22% (67.672 tCO2e) of the total emissions of Scopes 1
and 2 of the Carbon Footprint, these are calculated on the basis of individual measurements
of concentration and conversion to mass through factors relating to Enagás, which means a
high risk of uncertainty which it has not been possible to detail.
The uncertainty associated with each category of emission source included in Scopes 1 and
2 is given below:
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NOTE: The uncertainty associated with scope 3 emissions could not be defined.
Emissions
(tCO2e)
Emissions
(%)Measurement source
%
uncertaintySource of the uncertainty
Consumption of natural gas in boilers 25.609 8% Turbine meters 1%Maximum permissible errors in legal
metrological control 889/2006
Consumption of natural gas in submerged
combustion evaporators 4.146 1% Turbine meters 1%
Maximum permissible errors in legal
metrological control 889/2006
Natural gas flaring in normal operations 2.879 1% Ultrasonic meter 10%Maximum permissible errors stipulated
in the ISO 17089-2 standard
Natural gas flaring in tanker loading operations 601 0% Ultrasonic meter 10%Maximum permissible errors stipulated
in the ISO 17089-2 standard
Natural gas flaring at the technical minimum 9.353 3% Ultrasonic meter 10%Maximum permissible errors stipulated
in the ISO 17089-2 standard
Consumption of natural gas in heating systems and
electricity generators853 0% Turbine meters 1%
Maximum permissible errors RD
889/2006
Consumption of natural gas in turbo-compressors 130.192 43% Turbine meters 1%Maximum permissible errors in legal
metrology (RD 889/2006)
Consumption of gasoil in fire protection pumps and
generators637 0% Supplier invoices 1%
Maximum permissible errors RD
889/2006
2. Direct
emissions from
mobile
combustion
Gasoline, diesel and CNG 1.496 0% Supplier invoices 1%Maximum permissible errors RD
889/2006
Natural gas venting in normal operations 27.529 9% Ultrasonic meter 10%Maximum permissible errors stipulated
in the ISO 17089-2 standard
Natural gas vented in tanker loading operations 518 0% Ultrasonic meter 10%Maximum permissible errors stipulated
in the ISO 17089-2 standard
Natural gas vented at technical minimum 594 0% Ultrasonic meter 10%Maximum permissible errors stipulated
in the ISO 17089-2 standard
Leaks 67.672 22%Studies conducted by
Enagás or by third parties
Uncertainty
not definedn.a.
Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions during the use
of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment650 0%
Recharge reports for the
refrigeration equipment
Uncertainty
not defined n.a.
Electricity consumption 32.444 11% Supplier invoices 1%
Maximum permissible errors in legal
metrology (RD 889/2006) Multistage
load-balanced Class C meters
305.172
3%
Emission source categories
Scope 2
Carbon Footprint (Scope 1 & 2)
Carbon Footprint uncertainty (Scope 1 &2)
Scope 1
1. Direct
emissions from
stationary
combustion
3. Process
emissions
4. Direct
emissions from
fugitive sources
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4.6. Changes in 2015 vs 2014 Carbon Footprint
The changes in the calculation of the 2015 Carbon Footprint compared to that of 2014 are
as follows:
Reclassification of emission sources:
• Venting has been reclassified as "process emissions" rather than "fugitive
emissions" in the total emissions by source report.
Updating of emission factors:
• To adjust to the requirements of EU ETS and give clarity to the company's
emissions inventory, the natural gas and gas oil emission factor taken from the
Spanish national inventory, will be calculated from now on as:
Emission factor CO2 (tCO2/TJ) (excluding oxidation factor) * Oxidation factor
Instead of using the emission factor, which already included the oxidation factor,
directly from the inventory. The impact of this change on the final figure is
minimum and mainly involves an adjustment in methodology rather than result.
• Updating of emission factors from road transportation (vehicles) pursuant to the
Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and the Environment (MAGRAMA) report on
emission factors for the its Carbon Footprint Registry in April 2015.
• Updating of the emission factor for Jet-A1 aviation fuel, used in calculating
emissions in Scope 3, based on the European Commission’s decision of 16 April
2009.
• Updating of global warming potential (GWP) in line with the latest (fifth) report of
IPCC (AR5): GWPCH4 increases from 25 to 28 and GWPN2O reduces from 298 to
265). This will directly affect the emissions calculations for leaks and venting.
Change in calculation methodology for flaring:
• In the 2014 Carbon Footprint, emissions generated by flaring were calculated
using IPCC methodology, which recommended including 2% methane emissions
generated by the incomplete combustion of natural gas.
However, with the aim of standardising Carbon Footprint emissions calculations
with the calculation of verified emissions included in EU ETS, from this year
onwards, the methodology used for GHG emission permits, based on the
Regulation 601/2012 on GHG monitoring and reporting and approved by the
relevant authorities, will be applied. Under EU ETS methodology, emissions from
flaring are calculated in the same way as other stationary combustion equipment.
Change in calculation methodology for fugitive emissions:
• In 2014, leaks included the data gathered during the 2013-2015 measurement
campaign, except for that relating to gas pipelines, which were estimated by
using the transmission reference value provided by IPCC. This year, it has been
substituted by the data obtained from the real measurement in gas pipeline
positions (extrapolated to total positions), since, the pipeline itself does not leak.
• Estimates of leaks at compressor stations (CS) was made using installed
electricity capacity and now this has been changed to installed power capacity, a
more habitually used parameter for this type of facility. In addition, an upward
adjustment in the total number of regulation and/or metering stations (RMS)
(including RMS, RS and MS) existing along the entire gas pipeline network has
been made. This has been conservatively extrapolated to the rest of the non-
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measurement stations, the average data during 2015 before repairs, instead of
the average data before and after repairs, as was the case in the last three years.
Inclusion of new sources:
• An estimate is included of the natural gas consumption in air-conditioning
equipment and of electricity consumption in the offices at calle Titán in Madrid,
resulting from the increased occupation of this building in 2015.
• Category 15 (Investments) of Scope 3, now includes the emissions attributable to
Enagás from companies in which it has an equity investment, but does not have
financial control.
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5. Carbon Footprint 2015
In 2015 Enagás generated 305,172 tonnes of CO2 equivalent, from its activities
(Scopes 1 and 2): a significant reduction of 47% on 2014.
A breakdown of the 2015 Carbon Footprint is given below:
2015 Carbon Footprint by scope:
Direct emissions in Scope 1 totalled 272,728 tCO2e.
Indirect emissions relating to electricity consumption
(Scope 2) were 32,444 tCO2e.
Indirect emissions in Scope 3 totalled 21,347 tCO2e.
5.1. Scope 1 and 2 emissions
Emissions performance by scope:
In 2015, Scope 1 emissions fell 49%
compared to 2014, largely due to the
changes in activity of the
regasification plants.
Emissions from electricity
consumption remained practically
flat.
2015 Carbon Footprint by business area:
Currently, the emissions generated by
compressor stations account for almost
half of total GHG emissions, mainly as a
result of natural gas consumption in turbo-
compressors.
Unlike last year, this year the regasification
plants represented just 16% of emissions.
They are matched by the transmission
network, where venting in special operations
and fugitive emissions at gas pipeline
positions were responsible for 14% of the
company's emissions.
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Emissions performance by
business area:
In 2015, Enagás
reduced its Carbon
Footprint by 47% with
respect to 2014.
Despite being the principal source of GHG emissions, compressor stations reduced
their emissions by 15% compared to last year thanks to the use of flexible
mechanisms which the Technical System Manager has available to date, relating to the
operational management of gas reserves, which has permitted a better balance between
entry/exits of the different physical areas and with it a lower need for gas compression.
In this sense, once again employing the most efficient alternatives of combined operation
of compressor stations, optimising the use of gas pipeline control valves and node
alignment, has reduced natural gas consumption in compressors.
Emissions from regasification plants fell by 83% on 2014, mainly as a result of the
measures launched to reduce the plants' operating days below the technical minimum2
(757 days in 2015 versus 920 days in 2014) and the quantity of gas burned in these
days (49 GWh in 2015 versus 924 GWh in 2014).
The reduced activity in LNG tanker loading operations from regasification plants (8
tankers loaded in 2015 compared to 36 in 2014) and the measures carried out to reduce
the shrinkage associated with LNG has also played a significant role in reducing those
emissions.
Emissions generated in the gas pipeline network itself were 8% lower due to the
reduction in venting generated by special operations (102,325 Nm3 in 2015 versus
865,070 Nm3 in 2014).
In RMS, emissions increased some 16% resulting from an increase in the natural gas
consumption from boilers and a rise in leaks, the estimates of which varied as the
measurement campaign advanced and the calculation methodology of which has been
adjusted.
There has been a 17% drop in underground storage facilities emissions in 2015
as a result of reduced in injection activity undertaken in 2015 (-13% in Serrablo and -3%
in Gaviota, compared to net injection in 2014), and from good operating practice carried
out in these facilities.
In offices and transmission centres the reduction of 41% in emissions is largely
due to the updating of the emission factor and the awarding of guarantee of origin
certificates assigned to the electricity supply of Enagás' headquarters and the laboratory
in Zaragoza, which were not included in 2014.
2 Technical minimum is defined as the minimum output level which allows the boil-off gas (BOG) generated under any operating circumstances to be recovered while the facilities are cold, guaranteeing full availability to the rest of the equipment under secure and stable operating conditions.
2013 2014 2015
177.551 163.114 139.206 -15%
199.632 285.059 48.628 -83%
35.831 47.148 43.544 -8%
34.453 33.995 39.512 16%
64.197 38.111 31.612 -17%
1.584 1.616 1.496 -7%
2.006 1.990 1.174 -41%
515.254 571.033 305.172 -47%
Difference
vs. 2014
TOTAL
Underground storage
Offices and TPs
Fleet
Compressor Stations
Scope 1 & 2 emissions (tCO2e)Facilities
Plantas de regasificación
RMS
Transmission network
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Emissions by GHG type:
Approximately 70% of Enagás' Carbon Footprint
comes from CO2 emissions, largely generated
during the combustion of natural gas in stationary
sources, i.e. compressors, boilers, flaring, etc.
CH4 emissions, which represent approximately
30% of GHG emissions, are mainly due to venting
of natural gas in maintenance or security
operations, or because it is impossible to recover
boil-off gas generated in plants (10% of GHG) and
leaks (22% of GHG).
N2O and HFC emissions are practically negligible
in comparison with the other two gases. These
emissions come from the incomplete combustion
of natural gas and gas oil and the leaks from
Enagás' refrigeration equipment, respectively.
Emissions by source:
43% of emissions are generated by natural gas
consumption in turbo-compressors from compressor
stations and underground storage facilities.
Leaks, quantified and subsequently repaired during the
2013-2015 measurement campaign, are responsible for
22% of GHG emissions.
To these two principal sources can be added electricity
consumption (11%), venting (9%) that occurs during
the operation3 and maintenance of facilities, process
boilers (8%) installed in plants, storage facilities,
compressor stations and RMS, and emissions from natural
gas flaring4 (4%).
The category "Other" (3%) includes submerged combustion
evaporators that consume natural gas, vehicle fleet, fugitive
emissions of F-gases, air-conditioning systems and
emergency natural-gas generators, and electricity
generators and fire pumps that use gas oil.
3 Includes the venting produced during the operations of the regasification plants below technical minimum, where the total recovery of boil-off gas is not always possible, and the loading of tankers.
4 Includes the flaring of natural gas during the operations of the regasification plants below technical minimum, where the total recovery of boil-off gas is not always possible, and the loading of tankers.
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Emissions performance by source:
Natural gas combustion
at turbo-compressors,
leaks, electricity
consumption and
venting account for
85% of total emissions
in the company's
Carbon Footprint.
Turbo-compressor emissions have fallen 21% on 2014. This is mainly due to the
good operating practice carried out in compressor stations. In this regard, the Technical
System Manager has made use of gas reserves to improve management of the gas
pipeline network and has optimised the use of network control valves and node
alignment to reduce the need for the compression of gas during its transmission and as
a result it has reduced self-consumption in the associated turbo-compressors.
The increase in leaks (19%) in 2015 with respect to 2014, is largely a result of the
updates to methane's global warming potential (GWP) in the latest IPCC report (AR5),
up from 25 (the figure given in IPCC report AR4 and used in Enagás' 2014 Carbon
Footprint) to 28. Stripping out the effect of this factor, leaks in 2015 rose to 60,422
tCO2e; a 7% increase on 2014. This increase is due to a positive adjustment in the total
number of RMS (including RMS, RS and MS) and the more conservative methodology of
extrapolating emissions to non-measured stations.
The emissions resulting from electricity consumption at Enagás facilities and
buildings, which have remained constant, come from both the productive process and
ancillary services like lighting, heating, etc. In this regard, Enagás has implemented
specific energy-efficiency measures designed to reduce consumption. Consumption of
renewable-source electricity certified by the supply companies is also included this year
as part of Scope 2 of the Carbon Footprint. In this respect, Enagás' company
headquarters, the Zaragoza R&D laboratory and the compressor station in Denia have
all had their electricity consumption certified as being from renewable sources.
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In 2015, Enagás made a major reduction in natural gas
consumption and, therefore, in GHG emissions in
regasification plants, through the application of various
operational improvements. One example is the planning
and management of LNG tanker rerouting from one plant
to another, which ensures a higher production level in all
plants and avoids flaring from boil-off gas that is
generated when output levels are low. In addition, the
operating parameters have been adjusted and energy-
efficiency measures implemented, as described in Section
7, with the aim of recovering more of this gas. As a result,
the emissions generated in gas flaring fell by 226,809
tCO2e versus 2014.
Enagás has cut
emissions from gas
flaring by 95%.
In addition to the previous comments regarding the generation of boil-off gas in
regasification plants, the staff awareness at these facilities of the high global warming
potential of CH4 compared to that of CO2 has also reduced the amount of vented gas,
leading to a 40% drop in emissions from this source. In particular, emissions from
venting in special operations in the gas pipeline network have been reduced by 87%
compared to 2014.
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Intensity of emissions:
Emissions by net profit fell 47% on 2014, largely
due to the lower emissions resulting from the
modifications to work procedures at regasification
plants that have been able to optimise their
operation so as to adapt to market changes and
increase net profit by 2% on 2014.
Emissions by employee dropped by 52% thanks to
both the significant fall in GHG and the 11%
increase in headcount last year.
Emissions by total gas outputs5 declined by 42%
due more to the notable fall in GHG than the 8%
drop in gas outputs in GWh.
5 Total gas outputs includes the following items: 1) Regulated transmission activity: Domestic gas demand, Exits
international connections, Exits Guadalquivir valley, Tanker loading and Gas for minimum linepack purposes + minimum reserve levels ("gas talón"), and 2) Exits MEP transit to Portugal REN.
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The Enagás 2015 Carbon Footprint
48,628 tCO2e 222,262 tCO2e 31,612 tCO2e 2,670 tCO2e
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5.2. Scope 3 emissions
Scope 3
1. Purchase of goods and services
Emissions from extraction, production, and transportation of goods and services acquired.
1,526 tCO2e
Emissions from paper consumption. 29 tCO2e
2. Capital goods Emissions from extraction, production, and transportation of capital goods acquired.
860 tCO2e
3. Fuel- and energy related activities
(not included in scope 1 or scope 2)
Emissions from extraction, production, and transportation
of fuels consumed directly by Enagás: natural gas. 16 tCO2e
4. Upstream
transportation and distribution
Emissions from fuel consumption of helicopter and boat
transportation services between the onshore facility and offshore storage platform (Gaviota).
1,335 tCO2e
5. Waste generated in
operations
Emissions from the transportation, management and
treatment of waste generated in Enagás facilities. 555 tCO2e
6. Business travel Emissions derived from business travel by Enagás
employees. 2,956 tCO2e
7. Employees
commuting
Emissions derived from commuting to and from work by
Enagás employees. 12,177 tCO2e
15. Investments
Emissions, not included in scope 1 or 2, generated by
companies in which Enagás has an equity investment but not financial control. In this case the scope is only the verified emissions of the Spanish investees, included in EU ETS.
1,893 tCO2e
TOTAL SCOPE 3 21,347 tCO2e
Scope 3 emissions are outside of Enagás' control. However, Enagás aims to understand and
control these emissions and to participate in increasing the awareness of its supply chain of
the need to lower GHG emissions.
Therefore, it once again has taken part this year in the CDP Supply Chain programme and
received replies from 47% of its suppliers contacted.
In addition, this year Enagás has launched the PAPERLESS project through which it aims
to reduce paper consumption in its offices and has already resulted in a 22% reduction in
emissions in this area.
As regards waste management, the increase in emissions in this category on last year, is
due to the greater amount of wastewater with methanol generated at the Serrablo
underground storage facility. This wastewater is produced during the extraction of natural
gas from storage and it increases in proportion to the level of activity, which this year has
been high.
Business travel has also increased due to the company's international expansion and which
requires increasingly greater levels of employee mobility.
This year part of the emissions associated with the category "Investments" in the GHG
Protocol have also been included. In this sense, emissions from EU ETS verified GHG
emission from investments have been allocated to the reporting company based on the
reporting company’s proportional share of investment in the investee: Bahía de Bizkaia Gas,
S.L (50%) and Planta de Regasificación de Sagunto, S.A. (Saggas) (30%).
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6. Adjustment to base year emissions
Enagás has defined a base year recalculation procedure with regard to the calculation and
reporting of its Carbon Footprint, that has been followed and has entailed the following
changes.
In 2015, the scope of the activity has not been reduced and there were no methodology
changes applicable to 2013. No errors have been discovered which may have resulted in a
change equal or greater than ±5% in the Carbon Footprint measurement in the base year.
The adjustments to the 2015 Carbon Footprint correspond to non-material methodology
changes and updating of emission factors in-line with the most-recent published data, not
always applicable to 2013.
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7. GHG emissions reduction initiatives
In 2015, Enagás launched its 2015-2017 Energy Efficiency Plan, outlined in the
Sustainable Management Plan. The aim of this plan is to establish guidelines and actions to
ensure common standards of management and monitoring energy efficiency that permit
reduction in energy consumption at Enagás facilities, so as to comply with existing
legislation and the company's internal objectives.
Within the legal framework, this plan is directed towards compliance with Directive
2012/27/UE on Energy Efficiency, which establishes a common framework of measures to
promote energy efficiency in the EU, with the aim of meeting the target of a 20% increase
in energy efficiency by 2020.
From 2016, this plan will also be linked to and feedback on the results of energy audits
carried out at the end of 2015, as required by Article 8 of the above-named Directive.
Specifically, the 2015-2017 Energy Efficiency Plan consists of various actions to be carried
out on the basis of a set of concrete measures included in three annual programs.
The plan establishes three main action areas:
natural gas consumption reduction,
electricity consumption savings, and
electricity generation through residual energy from our business activities.
As part of the 2015 Program, various Energy Efficiency Measures have been undertaken,
with an investment of approximately €8.7Mn.
The most important of the measures included in this plan with respect to investment,
energy saving and lowering emissions are detailed below.
All the measures implemented in 2015, have been evaluated case-by-case, in their related
monitoring documentation, following a specific methodology of calculating the baseline,
energy savings and GHG emission reductions for each one.
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Code GHG emissions reduction initiatives
(Energy Efficiency Measures) Type of
energy saving
Energy
savings achieved in
2015
Emissions
reductions achieved in
2015
MAE_001 Use of nitrogen, instead of natural gas, in the flaring molecular seal at the Cartagena plant.
Natural gas consumption
savings
1.58 GWh 319 tCO2e
MAE_003
Installation of a sea water heat exchanger to cool boil-off gas, generated by the
operations of the Cartagena plant, before its entry to the recondenser; increasing the recovery capacity of this equipment and thereby avoiding flaring of the gas that is not recovered.
58.13 GWh 11,730 tCO2e
MAE_011A
Rerouting of a LNG tanker from the Barcelona regasification plant to the Cartagena
plant, thereby ensuring a minimum output level in each plant so as to avoid the loss of natural gas through flaring due to operating at below the established technical minimum at Cartagena plant. (SOE March)
69.00 GWh 13,831 tCO2e
MAE_011B
Rerouting of a LNG tanker from the Barcelona regasification plant to the Cartagena
plant, thereby ensuring a minimum output level in each plant so as to avoid the loss of natural gas through flaring due to operating at below the established technical minimum at Cartagena plant. (SOE September)
19.71 GWh 3,977 tCO2e
MAE_012 Leak detection and repair campaign at Enagás facilities, including plants, underground storage facilities, compressor stations, RMS and positions on the gas pipeline.
7.01 GWh 11,858 tCO2e
MAE_002
Recycling of boil-off gas generated by the operations of the Cartagena plant to use as
fuel for submerged combustion evaporators, thereby avoiding the use of sea water evaporators which involve electricity consumption due to the need to start pumps to collect and return the sea water.
Electricity consumption
savings 0.05 GWh 13 tCO2e
MAE_021 Installation of an electricity generator (turboexpander) at the Barcelona plant that
uses the potential energy from the expansion of natural gas and partially replaces electricity from the grid by a clean energy source.
Self-generation of electricity
3.02 GWh 725 tCO2e
Emissions reduction from GHG emissions reduction initiatives in 2015 42,453 tCO2e
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8. External verification statement
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