CONTENTS

Team of Officers i

PART I

Summary Results & Comparison v

Highlights of Sample Survey: Fourth All India Census vii

List of Statements ix

List of Graphs xii

CHAPTER

1. Introduction, Survey Design and Data Processing. 1-16

2. Review of Results: An Overview of Unregistered MSME Sector 17-32

3. Dispersion, Dominance and Economic Ratios. 33-48

4. Participation of Women in Unregistered MSME Sector. 49-52

5. Participation of Social Groups in Unregistered MSME Sector. 53-60

6. Economic Census 2005 data on economic activities not included

in Sample Survey of Unregistered Sector. 61-64

7. International Scenario of MSE sector. 65-76

PART II

Table Index 79-80

Tables 81-236

PART III

Appendix I: Distribution of FSUs by enterprise slabs 239-239

Appendix II: Copies of Office Memorandums on constitution of Steering Committee,

Sub group of Technical Sub-Committee and Administrative Sub-Committee

On Fourth Census of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) 240-247

Appendix III: Formats used for sample survey 248-259

Appendix IV: Concepts and Definitions 260-268

i

Name Designation

Shri Samarendra Sahu Addl. Development Commissioner

Shri B.N. Nanda Economic Adviser

Shri G. Sajeevan Deputy Director General

Smt. Honey C. H.

Shri L.K.Chaudhary

Deputy Director

Deputy Director

Dr Niyati Joshi

Shri A.K.Chopra

Deputy Director

Deputy Director

Shri Shivnath Singh Jadawat

Assistant Director

Shri S. T. Akhtar

Assistant Director

Shri I. P. Singh

Assistant Director Grade II

Shri A. K. Lokhande

Assistant Director Grade II

Shri P. K. Srivastava

Assistant Director Grade II

Shri Khushi Ram Meena

Assistant Director Grade II

Shri S.K.Paik

Assistant Director Grade II

Shri D. Chakraborty

Assistant Director Grade II

TEAM OF OFFICERS ACTIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH THE

REPORT: UNREGISTERED SECTOR: FOURTH ALL INDIA

CENSUS OF MSMEs 2006-07

ii

PART – I

v

FOURTH ALL INDIA CENSUS OF MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM

ENTERPRISES 2006-07: UNREGISTERED SECTOR SUMMARY RESULTS & COMPARISON WITH THIRD ALL INDIA CENSUS OF

SSIs 2001-02: UNREGISTERED SECTOR

Sl. No. Characteristics

Numbers Percent

Third Census

(2001-02)

Fourth Census

(2006-07)

Third Census

(2001-02)

Fourth

Census

(2006-07)

1. Size of the Sector(in Lakh) 91.46 198.74 100.00 100.00

2. Number of Rural Units(in

Lakh) 51.99 119.68 56.84 60.22

3. Number of Urban Units(in

Lakh) 39.47 79.05 43.16 39.78

4. Enterprises(in Lakh)

Micro - 198.39 - 99.83

Small - 0.35 - 0.17

5. Number of Women

Enterprises (in Lakh) 9.26 18.06 10.13 9.09

6. Nature of Activity (in Lakh)

Manufacturing 33.03 104.50 36.12 52.58

Repair and Maintenance 16.93 12.31 18.51 6.19

Services 41.50 81.93 45.38 41.22

7. Type of Organization (in

Lakh)

Proprietary 88.63 187.07 96.90 94.13

Partnership 1.04 2.65 1.13 1.33

Private Company 0.38 0.06 0.42 0.03

Cooperatives 0.10 0.23 0.11 0.12

Others 1.32 8.73 1.44 4.39

8. Number of Units Owned

by(in Lakh)

SC 9.44 22.61 10.32 11.38

ST 4.74 10.30 5.19 5.18

OBC 38.11 91.17 41.67 45.87

Others 39.17 74.66 42.82 37.57

9. Number of Units Managed by

Women 8.81 17.99 9.63 9.05

vi

10.

Main Source of Power(in

Lakh)

No Power Needed 38.55 76.68 42.15 38.59

Coal 2.95 3.57 3.23 1.79

Oil 5.55 10.52 6.07 5.29

LPG 0.55 1.18 0.60 0.59

Electricity 40.25 95.73 44.01 48.17

Non-Conventional Energy 0.61 0.57 0.66 0.29

Traditional Energy/Firewood 3.00 3.88 3.28 1.95

Others Nil 6.60 0.00 3.32

11 Total Employment(in Lakh) 187.69 408.84 - -

12 Total Original Value of P&M

(in `̀̀̀ Crore) 24564.92 94639.60 - -

13 Per Unit Original Value of

P&M ((in `̀̀̀ Lakh) 0.27 0.48 - -

14 Total Fixed Investment (in `̀̀̀

Crore) 62556.60 240816.46 - -

15 Per Unit Fixed Investment (in

`̀̀̀ Lakh) 0.68 1.21 - -

16 Per Unit Employment 2.05 2.06 - -

17 Gross Output (in `̀̀̀ Crore) 79015.36 369702.59 - -

18 Per Unit Gross Output (in `̀̀̀

Crore) 0.86 1.86 - -

19 Gross Output per ` ` ` ` one lakh

Fixed Investment(in `̀̀̀ lakh) 1.26 1.53 - -

20

Gross Output per ` ` ` ` one lakh

Original Value of P&M(in `̀̀̀

lakh)

3.22 3.90 - -

21. Employment per one lakh

Fixed Investment 3.00 1.70 - -

22. Employment per one lakh

Original Value of P&M 7.64 4.32 - -

23. Employment per one lakh

Gross Output 2.38 1.11 - -

vii

HIGHLIGHTS OF SAMPLE SURVEY RESULTS, FOURTH ALL

INDIA CENSUS MSME (2006-07): UNREGISTERED SECTOR

• All the enterprises, not permanently registered or not having filed Entrepreneurs Memorandum II, as per Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 but qualifying to be doing so at District Industries Centres as on 31.03.2007, of the State/UT, numbering 1.30 lakh were surveyed against 1.68 lakh Small Scale Industries covered in the third census.

• Total Number of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSMEs) were estimated as 198.74 lakh. Proportion of micro and small were 99.83% and 0.17% respectively. 104.50 lakh units (52.58%) were manufacturing enterprises, 12.31 lakh units (6.19%) were repairing and maintenance enterprises and 81.93 lakh units (41.22%) were service enterprises.

• 60.22% of enterprises are operating in Rural Sector.

• 186.24 lakh (93.71%) enterprises were found to be operating perennially whereas share of enterprises running seasonal and casual were 6.42 lakh (3.23%) and 4.23 lakh (2.13%) respectively.

• In terms of number of enterprises, ten States, viz., Uttar Pradesh (11.24%) West Bengal (10.47%), Tamil Nadu (9.16%), Andhra Pradesh (7.50%), Maharashtra (7.27%), Gujarat (6.55%), Kerala (6.51%), Madhya Pradesh (5.79%), Karnataka (5.60%) and Orissa (4.92%) had a share of 75%.

• Per unit employment has gone up from 2.05 persons in 3rd Census to 2.06 persons. The employment per one lakh investment in fixed investment is 1.70 persons, which has gone down from 3.00 persons as compared to 3rd Census of Unregistered MSME.

• Data reveals that 48.17% enterprises were found to be using electricity as main source of power whereas 38.59% enterprises were not using any kind of fuel. The share of units using oil (petrol, diesel, etc.), coal and LPG/CNG were 5.29 %, 1.79% and 0.59% respectively.

• 9.09% units were reported to be women enterprises where as 62.43% enterprises were found to be owned by socially backward groups, viz., SCs, STs and OBCs. In terms of religion, 79.23% units were owned by Hindu whereas domination of Muslim, Christian and Sikh were 12.85%, 3.25% and 3.10%, respectively.

• In terms of number of enterprises, 10 industry groups (at 2-digit level of NIC)2004 viz., Repair of personal & household goods (15.13%), Wearing apparel, dressing & dyeing of fur (14.85%), Food products & beverages (11.52%), Other service activities(11.24%), Other Business Activities (6.38%), Sale & maintenance of motor vehicles & motorcycles (6.21%), Manufacture of furniture (5.34%), Post and Telecommunications (4.13%), Manufacture of textiles(3.70%) and fabricated metal products except machinery & equipment(3.53%) had a share of 82.03%.

viii

• Compared to Third Census, Fourth Census brought out some structural changes in the unregistered MSME sector. Domination of manufacturing enterprises among the working units has further marginally gone up from 36.12% in Third Census to 52.58% in Fourth Census. Data also reveals that per unit employment has increased from 2.05 persons in 2001-02 to 2.06 persons in 2006-07, per unit fixed investment from 0.67 lakh to 1.21 lakh and per unit Gross Output from 0.86 lakh to 1.86 lakh.

***

ix

LIST OF STATEMENTS

Statement

No.

Description Page

No.

1.1 Number of First Stage units (Villages / Towns) Allotted and

Surveyed by State / UT and Sector

10

1.2 Number of Enterprises by State and Sector 14

2.1 Distribution of Enterprises by Sector and type of Enterprises 17

2.2

Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Nature of Activity 19

2.3 Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Type of

Organisation and Sector

20

2.4 Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Type of

Organisation and Type of Enterprise

20

2.5 Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Sex of Owner and Sector

21

2.6 Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Sex of Owner and Type of Enterprises

21

2.7 Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Social Group of Owner and Sector

22

2.8 Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Social Group of the

Owner and Type of Enterprises

22

2.9 Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Religion of Owner 23

2.10 Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Source of

Power 23

2.11 Major State wise Distribution of Enterprises 24

2.12 Major Industry wise Distribution of Enterprises 25

2.13 Distribution of Employment by Sector 26

2.14 Distribution of Employment by Type of Enterprises 26

2.15 Distribution of Employment by Nature of Activity 27

2.16 Distribution of Enterprises, Employment and Average Employment per Enterprise by Sector

27

2.17 Distribution of Enterprises, Employment andAverage

Employment per Enterprise by type of Enterprises

28

2.18 Distribution of Enterprises, Employment and Average Employment per Enterprise by Nature of Activity

28

2.19 Employment Intensity by Sector 28

2.20 Employment Intensity by type of Enterprises 29

2.21 Employment Intensity by Nature of Activity 29

2.22 Distribution of Fixed Investment by Sector 29

2.23 Distribution of Fixed Investment by type of Enterprise and 30

x

Nature of Activity

2.24 Distribution of Gross Output by Sector 30

2.25 Distribution of Gross Output by type of Enterprises and Nature of Activity

30

2.26 Comparison between 3rd & 4

th Census 32

3.1 Percentage Distribution of Major Characteristics by Sector 33

3.2 Per Unit Value of Major Characteristics by Sector 34

3.3 Employment Intensity by Sector 34

3.4 Productivity Intensity by Sector 34

3.5 Absolute Value of Major Characteristics by type of enterprise 35

3.6 Percentage Share of Major Characteristics by type of

enterprise

35

3.7 Absolute Value of Major Characteristics by Sector and type

of enterprise

36

3.8 Percentage Share of Major Characteristics by Sector and type

of enterprise

36

3.9 Per unit value of important Economic Parameters by

type of enterprise

37

3.10 Employment Intensity by type of

enterprise 37

3.11 Productivity by type of enterprise 37

3.12 Dominance of States in terms of Number of Enterprises 38

3.13 Dominance of States in terms of Employment 39

3.14 Dominance of States in terms of Gross Output 39

3.15 Dominance of States in terms of Fixed Assets 40

3.16 Dominance of States in terms of Investment in P&M 40

3.17 Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Type of Industry 41

3.18 Percentage Distribution of Employment by type of Industry 43

3.19 Percentage Distribution of Gross Output by type of Industry 44

3.20

Percentage Distribution of Market Value of Fixed Assets by Type of Industry

45

3.21 Percentage Distribution of Original Value of Plant &

Machinery by type of Industry

46

4.1 Participation of Women in Management /Ownership in

Unregistered MSME Sector, State-wise

49

4.2 Percentage Share of the Principal Characteristics of

Enterprises managed by Women in the Unregistered MSME

Sector

50

4.3 Employment of Females in MSME Sector, State-wise 51

5.1.1 An overview of MSE sector among Social Group 53

5.1.2 An overview of MSE sector among Social Group (percentage 53

xi

Share)

5.2.1 An overview of MSME sector by Social group and Religion 54

5.2.2 An overview of MSME sector by Social group and Religion

(Percentage Share)

54

5.3 Distribution of Enterprises by Social Group 55

5.4 Distribution of Enterprises by Religious Group 55

5.5.1 An Overview of Employment among Social Group 55

5.5.2 An overview of Employment among Social Group

(Percentage Share)

56

5.6.1 An overview of Employment among Religious Group 56

5.6.2 An overview of Employment among Religious Group (

Percentage Share )

57

5.7.1 Top 10 Industry group (NIC 2 Digit) by Owner's Category 57

5.7.2 Top 10 Industry group (NIC 2 Digit) by Owner's Category

(Percentage share)

58

5.8.1 Top 10 Industry group (NIC 2 Digit) by Owner's Religion 58

5.8.2 Top 10 Industry group (NIC 2 Digit) by Owner's Religion

(Percentage share)

59

6.1 State-wise Distribution of Enterprises and Employment data

extracted from EC-2005 as economic activities excluded from

Sample Survey Unregistered Sector Fourth All India Census

of MSME

61

6.2

NIC-2004 Class-wise (4-digit) Distribution of Enterprise and

Employment data extracted from EC 2005 as economic

activities excluded from Sample Survey of Unregistered

Sector Fourth All India Census of MSME

62

7.1 Status of MSME in United Kingdom, 2009 65

7.2 Status of MSME in United States of America, 2011 67

7.3 Status of MSME in Netherlands Antilles, 2011 68

7.4 Status of MSME in Argentina, 2011 69

7.5 Status of MSME in Australia, 2011 70

7.6 Status of MSME in Austria, 2011 71

7.7 Status of MSME in Chile, 2011 72

7.8 Status of MSME in China, 2011 73

7.9 Status of MSME in Nepal, 2006-07 74

7.10 Status of MSME in South Africa, 2011 75

xii

List of Graphs

Sl.

No. LIST OF GRAPHS PAGE No.

2.6 Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Sector 18

2.7 Percentage Distribution of the Enterprises by type of Enterprises

18

2.8 Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Nature of Activity 19

2.10 Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Type of Organisation and type of Enterprises

20

2.13 Percentage Distribution of Ownership by Social Category 22

2.16 Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Source of Power 24

2.19 Percentage Share of Employment by Sector 26

2.20 Percentage Share of Employment by type of Enterprises 26

2.22 Per Enterprises Employment 27

1

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Enterprises generate income and engage in its distribution by undertaking economic activities. They account for a large part of the economic activities in the National Economy and operate in agricultural and non-agricultural segments of economy.

1.2 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) defined by Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development (MSMED) Act, 2006, relate to all enterprises engaged in production of goods pertaining to any industry specified in first schedule of Industrial (D&R) Act, 1951 & other enterprises engaged in production and rendering of services subject to limiting factor of investment in plant & machinery and equipment respectively.

For manufacturing sector, an enterprise is classified as:

(a) micro enterprise, if investment in plant and machinery does not exceed twenty five lakh rupees;

(b) small enterprise, if investment in plant and machinery is more than twenty five lakh rupees but does not exceed five crore rupees; or

(c) medium enterprise, if investment in plant and machinery is more than five crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees;

In case, enterprise is engaged in providing or rendering services, it is classified as:

(a) Micro enterprise, if investment in equipment does not exceed ten lakh rupees;

(b) Small enterprise, if investment in equipment is more than ten lakh rupees but does not exceed two crore rupees; or

(c) Medium enterprise, if investment in equipment is more than two crore but does not exceed five crore rupees.

1.3 As defined, MSME sector spans the entire non-agriculture segment of National Economy. Implementation of MSMED Act, 2006 brought different components of the economy hitherto classified under Small Scale Industries (SSIs), Small Scale Business Sector Enterprises (SSBSEs), Village & Cottage industries together and expanded the scope of MSME sector substantially resulting in high degree of heterogeneity. The sector is characterized by its spread to each village / town and all segments of Non-agricultural sector of the economy. The diffusion of self employed / own account entrepreneurs and household enterprises that organize economic activity in a tiny and informal manner at the bottom end of scale of activity is other domineering feature of the sector. These informal sector activities are numerous in number but tiny in terms of their contribution of economic indications at enterprise level.

1.4 Depiction of activity verticals, in relation to its contribution to Gross Domestic Product, is given below.

2

1. Medium Enterprises, Manufacturing Sector (Investment in Plant & Machinery more than Rs.500

lakh but not exceeding Rs 1000 lakh)

2. Small Enterprises, Manufacturing Sector (Investment in Plant & Machinery more than Rs. 25 lakh

but not exceeding Rs 500 lakh)

3. Micro Enterprises, Manufacturing Sector (Investment in Plant & Machinery less than Rs. 25

lakh)

4. Medium Enterprises Services Sector (Investment in Equipment more than Rs. 200 lakh but not

exceeding Rs 500 lakh)

5. Small Enterprises Services Sector (Investment in Equipment more than Rs. 10 lakh but not

exceeding Rs 200 lakh)

6. Micro Enterprises, Services Sector (Investment in Equipment Less than Rs. 10 lakh)

1.5 Out of ` 61.33 lakh crore Gross Domestic Product (GDP), accounted for in National Economy during the year 2009-10, ` 38.90 lakh crore pertain to the segments where MSME would be operating. Contribution to GDP by enterprises, limited by investment levels specified for manufacturing and Services sector, would fall under the scope of MSME sector.

Database on SSI/MSME Sector Prior to Fourth All India

Census of MSME (2006-07) 1.6 Development Commissioner (DC, MSME) is entrusted with the responsibility

of collection of data pertaining to SSI/MSME sector. It has conducted four Censuses of the registered sector. Third Census and Fourth Census had provision to cover data pertaining to Unregistered Sector on sample survey basis. First Census was conducted in 1973-74 in respect of 2.58 lakh SSI units registered up to 30-11-1973. During this Census, only 1.4 lakh units were

3

found to be working. Second Census was conducted during 1990-92 in respect of 9.87 lakh SSI units registered up to 31-3-1988. During this Census, only 5.82 lakh units were found working. Third Census, for the first time, surveyed unregistered SSI sector, in addition to the registered sector. Registered sector covered, on complete enumeration basis, all units registered permanently up to 31.3.2001. A total of 22.62 lakh units were surveyed; out of which, 13.75 lakh units were found to be working. Unregistered sector was surveyed using a two-stage stratified sampling design adopting first stage units of villages in rural area and urban frame blocks in urban area. 19,579 rural villages and urban blocks were surveyed to identify the units of the unregistered sector. Size of the unregistered sector was estimated to be 91.46 lakh units.

Fourth All India Census of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (2006-07)

1.7 Enactment of the MSMED Act, 2006 is one of the many important measures

by the Government of India in its continued effort as a part of its planned approach to nurse and develop the erstwhile SSIs, Cottage and Village Industries, Traditional Industries like Coir, Khadi and Silk on one hand and encourage other non-agricultural and service related activities which need special care on the other. As explained earlier, definitional changes expanded the scope and coverage under MSME sector in an unprecedented manner. Another policy initiative of the Ministry, Promotional Package of the Ministry for Micro and Small Enterprises (2007), provided for a scheme for strengthening of the database. Office of the DC, MSME launched Fourth All India Census of MSME, which happened to be the first attempt to assess the magnitude and features of the newly defined MSME sector in May 2008.

Objectives

1.8 Main objectives of the Census were: -

(a) To strengthen the database for MSME sector - statistics and information to be collected in respect of number of units, employment, production, extent of closure/sickness and other relevant economic parameters pertaining to micro, small and medium enterprises.

(b) Data on enterprises owned and/or managed by women.

(c) To collect the information on Khadi and Village Industry units set-up under Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP) & Coir sector units and the units registered under Prime Minister's Rozgar Yojana (PMRY) Scheme.

(d) To estimate size of the unregistered MSME sector, including Khadi & Village Industries (KVIC) and Coir Industries.

Processes Adopted

1.9 A Steering Committee was constituted under the Chairmanship of Secretary, M/o Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises to decide on all aspects relating to

4

the conduct of Fourth All India Census with the following broad terms of reference of the Committee:

- Examining the deficiencies in existing frame of registered SSI units and recommending:

• Objectives and approach for Fourth Census

• Definition, Methodology and formats to be used

• Data collection, processing and tabulation mechanisms

• Costs involved at each stage of the Census

• Measures to be taken for eliciting better co-operation from the informants and coordination among the Central & State level functionaries, including advertisement and publicity measures.

• Steps to be taken in future to avoid existing deficiencies in the frame

• To direct conduct of Census by addressing to administrative, technical, financial and other related aspects.

1.10 The Steering Committee constituted two Sub-Committees, one on technical matters under the Chairmanship of Director General & Chief Executive Officer, National Sample Survey Office, M/o Statistics & Programme Implementation (MOSPI) and the other on administrative matters and implementation/ monitoring, under the Chairmanship of Additional Secretary & Development Commissioner (MSME), to look into various aspects in detail and accord approvals. The Sub-Committee on technical matters constituted a Sub-Group of the Technical Sub-Committee, under the Chairpersonship of the Additional Development Commissioner, MSME to decide the sampling design, multiplier, data validation and tabulation. Copies of the order constituting the Steering Committee, Sub-Committee and Sub-group of the technical Sub-Committee are enclosed in the Appendix II, Part III. These Committees formulated methodology and operational guidelines for conducting the Fourth All India Census of MSME.

1.11 As in the Third All India Census of SSIs, Fourth All India Census had both Registered and Unregistered Sectors under its coverage. For the purpose of the conduct of the Fourth All India Census, Registered Sector was defined as on 31.03.2007:

(i) All enterprises registered/having filed Entrepreneurs Memorandum

(EM II) in District Industries Centers (DICs) in the State/UTs.

(ii) Enterprises registered with KVIC.

(iii) Enterprises registered with Coir Board.

(iv) Factories registered under section 2m(i) and 2m(ii) of the Factories

Act, 1948, as per frame list of Annual Survey of Industries(ASI) to

capture units having investment from ` 1 to ` 10 crore) as available

with National Sample Survey Office, M/o Statistics and Programme

Implementation as on 31.3.2006.

5

MSME, which are not forming part of Registered Sector were defined to constitute the Unregistered Sector. The criteria of demarcation between the scope and coverage of the Registered and the Unregistered are as noted below:

Registered Sector Unregistered Sector

Definitional Difference in Scope and Coverage of Fourth All India Census of

MSME.

Enterprises registered up to

31.03.2007 with the following agencies

were detailed through complete

enumeration:

1. All District Industries Centres

in the State/UTs

2. KVIC

3. Coir Board

Units covered under registered

sector include manufacturing

and service sector including

retail, wholesale trade and

hotels and restaurants

4. Under section 2m(i) and 2m(ii) of the Factories Act 1948 of ASI

to capture units having

investment from ` 1 to ` 10 crore as available with National

Sample Survey Office, M/o

Statistics &P.I. as on 31.03.2006

� All non agricultural enterprises

subject to the definitions as per

MSMED Act, 2006, which were

eligible for registration/obtaining EM

II as on 31.03.2007 but were not

registered/not having filed EM II.

Activities excluded in Sample

Survey conducted as part of Fourth All

India Census of MSME.

� Retail / Wholesale Trade Establishment

� General Merchandized Stores � Sale Outlets for industrial

components

� Legal Services � Educational Services � Social Services � Hotels & Restaurants � Transport � Storage & Warehousing (except

Cold Storage)

1.12 The process adopted for the data collection in both the Registered and the Unregistered sectors are different. In registered sector, while it was decided to have complete enumeration of all the enterprises as per the list of the frame, in case of the Unregistered Sector, sample survey technique was resorted to. The complete enumeration of the Registered Sector and sample survey of the Unregistered sector were carried out sequentially.

1.13 Based on the data collected during All India Census and supplemented by the data extracted from Economic Census (EC, 2005), conducted by Central Statistics Office, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI), two publications have been brought out.

6

i. ‘Quick Results: Fourth All India Census of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises 2006-07’

Estimates for this publication were based on preliminary results obtained from complete enumeration data collected from Registered Sector and data obtained from EC, 2005. There were 261.01 lakh enterprises employing 594.61 lakh persons. 51.77 percent were rural enterprises and 10.10 percent enterprises were managed by women, while 81.76 percent males and 18.24 percent women were employed in these enterprises. This report was published in the year 2009.

ii. ‘Final Report Fourth All India Census of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises 2006-07: Registered Sector’

This publication brought out an in-depth analysis of data collected on complete enumeration basis from 22.48 lakh enterprises falling under Registered Sector as on 31.03.2007. The report highlighted the operational characteristics of the 15.64 lakh enterprises, its distribution over Sectors and States. For the first time, the detailed features of the Registered MSME were bought out in this report. This report was published in the year 2011.

1.14 The data collected from Unregistered Sector MSME on sample survey basis, were analyzed and presented in this report. The chapterisation of this report also, follows the pattern of ‘Final Report Fourth All India Census of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises 2006-07: Registered Sector’. Two additional chapters, one on EC, 2005 data on economic activities not included in Sample Survey of Unregistered Sector as decided by the Sub-Group of the Technical Sub-Committee and another on International Scenario of MSE Sector are added. The report is structured with seven Chapters. While Chapter I on ‘Introduction, Survey Design and Data Processing’ gives an overview of MSME database and Fourth All India Census, 2006-07, Chapter II presents the review of survey results. Chapter III attempts to examine the dispersion, dominance and economic ratios. Chapter IV & V examine participation of Women and Social Group categories in Unregistered Sector respectively. Chapter VI presents data extracted from EC, 2005 on economic activities on which data could not be collected on Sample Survey basis. Chapter VII gives SME/MSME data sets on select countries.

Concepts Definitions, Sampling Design and Data Processing

Definition of MSME

1.15 The definition of the MSME subsequent to implementation of the MSME Development Act, 2006 is as noted below. The Central Government, in exercise of the powers conferred by Sub-Section (1) of Section 7 of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 after having obtained the recommendations of the Advisory Committee under Sub- section (4) of Section 7 of the Act in this regard, notified the following enterprises, whether proprietorship, Hindu undivided family, association of persons, co-

7

operative society, partnership or undertaking or any other legal entity, by whatever name called as:-

(i) In case of enterprises engaged in manufacturing or production of goods pertaining to any industry specified in the First Schedule to the Industries (Development and Regulation) Act, 1951, as:-

(a) A micro enterprise, where the investment in plant and machinery does not exceed twenty five lakh rupees;

(b) A small enterprise, where the investment in plant and machinery is more than twenty five lakh rupees but does not exceed five crore rupees; or

(c) A medium enterprise, where the investment in plant and machinery is more than five crore rupees but does not exceed ten crore rupees;

(ii) In case of the enterprises engaged in providing or rendering of services :-

(a) A micro enterprise, where the investment in equipment does not exceed ten lakh rupees;

(b) A small enterprise, where the investment in equipment is more than ten lakh rupees but does not exceed two crore rupees; or

(c) A medium enterprise, where the investment in equipment is more than two crore rupees but does not exceed five crore rupees.

With the revised definition of MSME, Fourth Census was initiated by the Office of DC, MSME, which happened to be the first attempt to assess magnitude and features of the newly defined MSME Sector as mentioned earlier. The demarcation into Registered and Unregistered Sectors were as noted in Para-1.11, Chapter I. The objectives and the outcomes already achieved are as stated in the Para-1.8 and 1.13 of Chapter I.

1.16 Fourth All India MSME was conducted under the following broad parameters:-

(i) A complete list of enterprises registered under various organizations to be prepared, avoiding duplication, called Registered Sector, for complete enumeration of establishments.

(ii) Enterprises not covered under the Registered Sector pertaining to MSME Sector were covered on a sample basis under Unregistered Sector.

Unregistered Sector: Scope and Coverage

1.17 Coverage of the newly defined MSME sector was substantially expanded by inclusion of all enterprises with investment in Original Value of plant and machinery upto ` 10 crore in manufacturing sector and ` 5 crore in services sector.

All unregistered enterprises of both manufacturing and service sector constitute unregistered MSME sector. Unregistered enterprises are defined as ‘All enterprises engaged in the activities of manufacturing or in providing/rendering of services, not registered permanently or not filed EM with State Directorates of Industries/ District Industries Centres on or before 31-3-2007 are called unregistered enterprises’.

In addition,

8

a) All the enterprises that are not registered under section 2m(i) or 2m(ii) of Factory Act on or before 31-3-2006 with CIF/IF of the State/UTs as well as SDIs/DICs (permanently/temporarily) as also the enterprises that are registered after 31-3-2006 till the date of survey with CIF/IF of the States/UTs and not registered with SDIs/DICs upto 31-3-2007 till the date of survey will be treated as unregistered for the purpose of this survey.

b) All the Khadi & Village and Coir Industries that are not registered on or before 31-3-2007 with KVIC/KVIB/Coir Board, SDIs/DICs and section 2m(i) or section 2m(ii) of Factory Act will be treated as unregistered for the purpose of this survey.

In order to keep continuity with the coverage of Third All India Census of SSI (Unregistered Sector), following activities were excluded from the Fourth All India Census of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises 2006-2007 : Registered Sector.

• Retail / Wholesale Trade Establishment • General Merchandized Stores • Sale Outlets for industrial components • Legal Services • Educational Services • Social Services • Hotels & Restaurants • Transport • Storage & Warehousing (except Cold Storage)

The total no. of enterprises which were excluded from the survey was 147.38 lakh as per Economic Census 2005.

1.18 Sampling Design, Selection of the First and Second Stage Units

• Sample survey was adopted in Unregistered Sector as against complete enumeration adopted in Registered Sector. To ensure that sufficient number of unregistered enterprises is covered through the survey for obtaining valid estimates, it was felt necessary that area frame be used.

• To reach the enterprises of Unregistered Sector universe, Multi-Stage Stratified Sampling procedure was adopted.

• Villages in rural area and towns in urban area were the first stage units (fsu) of the survey programme.

• Selected enterprises in the selected villages/towns were the second stage units (ssu) of survey.

1.19 Stratification

The stratification of districts was done on the basis of total number of enterprises as per EC 2005. The enterprise slabs for stratification of districts into five strata are as given in the Appendix I, Part III.

9

• Rural areas covered 598 districts which consisted of 6,38,619 villages out of which 12783 sample villages were selected for survey.

• Urban areas covered 591 districts which consisted of 5170 towns out of which 568 towns were selected for survey

MSME relevant enterprises. In each State, districts were grouped into 5 strata on the basis of MSME relevant enterprises reported in the district as per provisional data of EC 2005 both for rural and urban Sectors.

The criteria for stratification of districts for both Rural and Urban areas are:

Stratum 1: All districts with MSME relevant enterprises up to 5000

Stratum 2: All districts with MSME relevant enterprises up to 5001-10000

Stratum 3: All districts with MSME relevant enterprises up to 10001-15000

Stratum 4: All districts with MSME relevant enterprises up to 15001-20000

Stratum 5: All districts with MSME relevant enterprises > 20000

1.20 Village /Town Frame

• Village/ Town Frame of EC, 2005 was considered for stratification and selection.

• The Village frame consisted of more than 6,38,619 lakh villages.

• The Town frame consisted of more than 5,170 towns.

• In the first stage, in the selected fsu (villages/towns), door to door visit was made to list out all the non-agricultural enterprises and MSME. The list so prepared was used for selection of enterprises for survey.

• In the second stage, MSMEs were selected out of the list of MSME prepared for each fsu.

1.21 Sample Village/Town Selection

• There were five strata into which districts were stratified

• 2% of the villages were selected in rural areas in each stratum.

• Thus 12783 villages were selected for survey.

• One town was selected from each district in urban area.

Accordingly, the number of the villages/towns selected for survey and those surveyed are as per the following Statement No. 1.1

1.22 Selection of First Stage Unit (FSU) and Second stage Stratification

The FSUs were selected by sample random sampling without replacement, both for rural and urban areas.

Second-stage stratification was resorted to in selected FSUs. Door to door survey was carried out in each of the FSUs selected for survey for listing of MSMEs. The MSMEs listed were stratified into second-stage stratum I and II on the basis of enterprises being engaged in manufacturing or services sectors respectively.

10

Statement No 1.1 Number of First Stage units (Villages / Towns) Allotted and

Surveyed by State / UT and Sector

Number of Village/town

State

/ UT

Code

State / UT Name

Rural Urban ALL

Allotted Surveyed Allotted Surveyed Allotted Surveyed

1 Jammu And Kashmir 133 117 14 12 147 129

2 Himachal Pradesh 403 196 10 10 413 206

3 Punjab 255 196 17 16 272 212

4 Chandigarh 5 0 1 0 6 0

5 Uttarakhand 336 151 13 12 349 163

6 Haryana 139 130 19 18 158 148

7 Delhi 3 3 8 8 11 11

8 Rajasthan 828 669 31 31 859 700

9 Uttar Pradesh 2150 1771 69 65 2219 1836

10 Bihar 902 882 37 35 939 917

11 Sikkim 9 0 4 0 13 0

12 Arunachal Pradesh 81 32 8 6 89 38

13 Nagaland 26 19 8 3 34 22

14 Manipur 48 0 4 3 52 3

15 Mizoram 16 0 7 5 23 5

16 Tripura 3 2 4 4 7 6

17 Meghalaya 121 73 6 5 127 78

18 Assam 525 305 23 19 548 324

19 West Bengal 816 772 18 18 834 790

20 Jharkhand 654 431 18 12 672 443

21 Odisha 1027 682 30 29 1057 711

22 Chhattisgarh 406 360 16 14 422 374

23 Madhya Pradesh 1108 939 44 41 1152 980

24 Gujarat 371 353 24 24 395 377

25 Daman & Diu 5 7 2 2 7 9

26 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 5 5 1 1 6 6

27 Maharashtra 876 755 33 33 909 788

28 Andhra Pradesh 563 444 23 23 586 467

29 Karnataka 588 565 27 26 615 591

30 Goa 7 7 2 2 9 9

31 Lakshadweep 5 0 1 0 6 0

32 Kerala 27 31 13 13 40 44

33 Tamil Nadu 326 337 28 28 354 365

34 Puducherry 5 5 4 4 9 9

35

Andaman & Nicobar

Islands 11 1 1 1 12 2

All India 12783 10240 568 523 13351 10763

11

1.23 Sample Enterprise Selection

• Door to door survey was conducted in each of the villages/town selected for survey, for listing the MSME.

• In villages, if the total number of MSME were less than 15, all of them were surveyed.

• In villages with more than 15 total numbers of MSME, selection was resorted to limit the survey of MSME to 15.

• In case of towns, if the total number of MSME were less than 20, all of them were surveyed.

• In towns with more than 20 total number of MSME, selection was resorted to limit the survey of enterprises to 20.

• Altogether 1.26 lakh MSME were surveyed in Unregistered sector by the above process.

1.24 Training and the Field Work

The training of trainers (TOTs) for Fourth Census on MSME, Unregistered Sector was conducted at various locations, with the help of State Directorate of Industries and MSME-Development Institutes. TOTs were conducted during June-July, 2009. The enumerators were trained to identify all the visible non-agricultural enterprises and listing the unregistered MSME in the selected villages in the rural areas and towns in the urban areas. The findings of the listing operation would be furnished in Format-II (Appendix III, Part III) by the enumerators. Out of the listed MSME, a few MSME as mentioned above were selected randomly and were surveyed. Details of the selected MSME were to be recorded in Format III (Appendix III, Part III);

Survey Instruments

Schedules of Enquiry

1.25 During the Survey for the Unregistered sector, schedules of enquiry contained three formats, which were used by enumerators for data collection. These were Format II, Format III and Format IV. In addition, Standardized Working Sheet were also made available together with Instruction to Field Staff for data collection. These formats are given in Part III. Computerized Data Preparation was adopted in respect of Format II and Format III and was used for data validation purpose. Details of the formats are given as under:

12

Sl.

No.

Form

at

No.

Description of Schedules of

Enquiry

Remarks

1. II Format for summarizing the listing of unregistered MSME

This was filled in respect

of all the micro, small &

medium enterprises of

unregistered sector (list

frame).

2. III Questionnaire for unregistered sector

This was filled in respect of all the micro, small & medium enterprises of unregistered sector for survey.

3. IV Working Sheet for listing Unregistered Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises operating in Fixed Premises

This was filled in respect

of all the micro, small &

medium enterprises of

unregistered sector (for

fixed premises).

4. V Working Sheet to calculate Gross output, Total Input, Gross Value Added and Net Worth

This was filled in respect

of all the micro, small &

medium enterprises of

unregistered sector

(calculation sheet).

Programme of Work

1.26 SDIs identified manpower separately for data enumeration, coding and supervision. Each of the Data Enumerators was assigned the survey work in a few unregistered MSME. Data Enumerators collected information from selected enterprises in prescribed Formats on voluntary basis. Data Inspectors were assigned the responsibility of coding in respect of economic activity and products/services. Data Enumerators submitted all the filled-in formats, in respect of work assigned to them, to the concerned Data Inspectors. In all the formats filled-in by Data Enumerators, appropriate codes were filled by Data Inspectors in respect of States, Districts, Villages, Towns, Economic Activities and Commodities. Supervisors conducted on-the-spot checks on working of the enumerators and provided guidance to them. They also supervised the work of Data Inspectors. All the filled-in formats coded by Data Inspectors were scrutinized by Supervisors. Norms were prescribed for the work of these functionaries. State/UT Directorates of Industries (SDIs) drew staff from other departments like State Statistical Bureaus, Agriculture Department, Health Departments etc. to man these activities. State

13

Directorates of Industries and Development Institutes-MSME opened coordination and liaison cells in their offices for smooth conduct of the Census work. Nodal officers were also appointed at all levels to sort out field problems expeditiously. Supervisors checked the entries in Formats-II using Formats-III. All the filled-in formats in suitable batches, were sent to S&D Division, O/o DC,MSME at New Delhi, immediately after completion of fieldwork.

1.27 While entering the numerals in the formats, only “Arabic Numerals” were used. The system of State Codes and District Codes developed by the Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner was adopted in Fourth Census. Also, National Industrial Classification-2004(NIC-2004), based on International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), introduced recently by Central Statistics Office (CSO), was used for classifying economic activities. The system of commodity codes being used by National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) in their surveys, called 'A Standard Industrial Commodity Classification 2000' (ASICC 2000) was enlarged to include reserve products and other important SSI products and was used in Third Census. The same ASICC code book was used in Fourth Census.

1.28 Conforming to the work programme mentioned above for the Sample Survey of Unregistered Sector, all the filled-in formats in suitable batches, were sent to S&D Division, O/o DC,MSME at New Delhi, immediately after completion of fieldwork.

Data Processing of the Unregistered Sector:

1.29 ICR technology, which is known for its speed and accuracy, was used in Fourth Census for preparation of data. The project of Fourth Census data preparation was entrusted to M/s Image Infosys. This company executed the project along with its partners but did not complete the data processing of the un-registered sector which was subsequently outsourced to M/s. Pravidhi India by tendering process for data processing including data scrutiny. Further, the finalization of the dataset and generation of the reports was entrusted to NIC recruited manpower who have generated the reports.

1.30 Second Stage Units Surveyed (Enterprises)

A total number of 1,26,169 enterprises with 71,996 from rural areas and 54,173 from urban areas were surveyed. 2145 records pertaining to retail trade (With NIC 2004 division code 52 except for group code 5260 i.e. repair and maintenance of household goods), 524 records pertaining to Hotel and Restaurant (With NIC 2004 division code 55), 405 records pertaining to Transport & Storage and Warehousing except cold storage (With NIC 2004 division code 60 and 63), 746 records pertaining to NIC 2004 division codes 02, 05, 10, 12, 13, 14 and major group code 111 of division 11 were excluded. Data for the States- Sikkim (11) - rural and urban, Lakshadweep (31) - rural and urban, Chandigarh (4) rural and urban and Manipur (14) - rural and Mizoram (15) - rural were added from the fields of unit wise records of EC 2005 as available. The number of such records added was 24513. The total records in the data set are 1,50,682. Distribution of the enterprise level data

14

based on which this report has been finalized, sector-wise and State-wise are given below.

Statement No. 1.2: Number of Enterprises in Database by State and Sector

Sl.

No. State / UT Name Rural Urban All

1 Jammu and Kashmir 612 539 1151

2 Himachal Pradesh 725 624 1349

3 Punjab 1372 1881 3253

4 Chandigarh 749 22093 22842

5 Uttarakhand 671 300 971

6 Haryana 1201 2245 3446

7 Delhi 22 261 283

8 Rajasthan 4457 3665 8122

9 Uttar Pradesh 10565 6899 17464

10 Bihar 6902 2437 9339

11 Sikkim 60 1065 1125

12 Arunachal Pradesh 124 82 206

13 Nagaland 126 24 150

14 Manipur 336 26 362

15 Mizoram 90 173 263

16 Tripura 20 473 493

17 Meghalaya 355 350 705

18 Assam 1205 685 1890

19 West Bengal 8451 2067 10518

20 Jharkhand 1784 608 2392

21 Odisha 3922 2987 6909

22 Chhattisgarh 2159 954 3113

23 Madhya Pradesh 5739 9493 15232

24 Gujarat 3424 3322 6746

25 Daman & Diu 35 203 238

26 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 12 50 62

27 Maharashtra 4286 3183 7469

28 Andhra Pradesh 3839 1584 5423

29 Karnataka 4935 2624 7559

30 Goa 38 111 149

31 Lakshadweep 37 83 120

32 Kerala 505 2187 2692

33 Tamil Nadu 4455 3631 8086

15

34 Puducherry 49 474 523

35

Andaman and Nicobar

Islands 6 31 37

All India 73268 77414 150682*

*1,26,169 Format III and 24,513 EC 2005 data records.

1.31 Multiplier and Table Generation

Estimation Procedure-Theoretical

Let ‘p’ stand for sector (p = 1to 2)

‘q’ stand for State (q = 1 to 35)

‘r’ stand for stratum no. (r = 1 to 5)

‘s’ stand for first stage unit within a given p, q, r.

‘t’ stand for second stage within a given p, q, r, s (t = 1, 2).

‘u’ stand for second stage unit within a given p, q, r, s, t.

Let ‘N’ stand for the number in the population (town/village) with the above suffixes.

‘n’ stand for the number surveyed in the sample with the above suffixes.

‘X’ stand for the total of a variable/ characteristic in the sample.

Npqr = No. of villages/ towns in the population for a given p, q, r.

Let npqr = No. of villages/ towns surveyed in the sample in a given p, q, r.

The Multiplier at fsu level, i.e., for a given p, q, r, s is computed as (Npqr / npqr ).

Let xpqrstu = Value of any variable/ characteristic for a given p, q, r, s, t, u.

Estimate of the variable total for the population of enterprises at all India level

∑ pqrstu (Npqr / npqr )* (Npqrst / npqrst ) xpqrstu

(Npqr / npqr )* (Npqrst / npqrst ) is the multiplier at fsu level. Before calculating this multiplier, adjustment was made in Npqrst to cover total non-response at sub-stratum level, where not even a single selected enterprise could be surveyed, the corresponding size of the sub-stratum was added to the size of the other sub-stratum. The multiplier so calculated was appended to the data file of fsu at unit level.

Limitations of the Data:

1.32 At the record level, it was found that in some records, important information such as original value of plant and machinery, gross output, exports etc. were not reported. In certain other cases information needed for multiplier computation at fsu level were also missing. This may have arisen due to non-

16

response or preference bias. In order to partially mitigate the extent of non-response/preference bias in respect of FSU, average of the stratum value were taken for multiplier computation. At enterprise level, average of the same activity of the relevant fields like original value of plant and machinery, gross output, exports etc. at stratum level were used to impute missing values. In both rural and urban areas at FSU levels, the enumeration of MSME by door to door visits was found to be practically difficult in certain cases especially for large towns, which could have resulted in underestimation. Two sources used for estimating missing values were EC 2005 and neighboring stratum/substratum pertaining to unregistered sector. From the EC 2005, information like employment, ownership of the enterprises and NIC have been taken from similar stratum at NIC-4 digit. For variables Gross output, Total input, Gross Value Added(GVA) and Net Worth for which data was available for the years 2006-07, 2007-08, 2008-09, the data reported for latest year is presented in the report.

1.33 Concepts, definitions and technical specifications adopted in the Census are given in Part III.

***

17

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RESULTS:

AN OVERVIEW OF UNREGISTERED MSME

SECTOR

2.1 Planning for Fourth All India Census of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises 2006-07 coincided with a significant development in evolution of small sector, i.e. enactment of MSMED Act in 2006, which broadened the scope of sector to include all the non-agricultural enterprises including medium enterprises falling within the stipulated investment limits. Hence, the frame for Fourth Census of registered enterprises was enlarged to include enterprises registered with KVIC/KVIB, Coir Board and under section 2m(i) & 2m(ii) of Factories Act, 1948 apart from the enterprises permanently registered with District Industries Centres (DICs) as against Third Census, which included in its frame only permanently registered enterprises with DICs. Thus, in Fourth Census, all the enterprises which were not eligible for registration /having filed EM II as on 31-03-2007 but were not registered /not having filed EM II & also all non–agricultural enterprises subject to the definition as per MSMED Act, 2006 were surveyed under unregistered enterprises.

2.2 A total number of 1,50,682 enterprises, 73,268 from rural areas and 77,414 from urban areas were surveyed. Subsequent to the decision of the sub group of Technical sub-committee on Fourth census of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to append records from Economic Census 2005 database, for the States/UTs, for which data could not be collected. Therefore the total no of records available for the purpose of generation of this record are 1.50 lakhs.

Status of Operation of Enterprises

2.3 All the surveyed enterprises were found to be working at the time of survey except for the units which could not be visited which were 415 in numbers.

2.4 Response of all the working units to the initiative of data collection was not uniform. Out of 1.30 lakh enterprises approached for data collection, 0.04 lakh enterprises comprising only a small percentage (i.e. 2.95%) did not provide the required data.

Distribution of Enterprises

Statement No. 2.1: Distribution of Enterprises by Sector and type of Enterprises

(in lakh)

Sector Micro Small Total % Share

Rural 119.61 0.07 119.68 60.22

Urban 78.78 0.27 79.05 39.78

All 198.39 0.35 198.74 100.00

18

2.5 Urban areas with 78.78 lakh Micro enterprises accounted for 39.78% of the total enterprises in MSME sector whereas rural areas accounted for 119.61 lakh Micro enterprises (i.e. 60.22% of the enterprises in MSME sector). Rural areas increased its share of enterprises from 56.84% in 3rd Census to 60.22% in 4th Census. Correspondingly, there was a small decline in the share of urban areas from 43.16% in 3rd Census to 39.78% in 4th Census.

Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Sector

2.6 Micro segment with 198.39 lakh enterprises, accounted for 99.83% of

enterprises of MSME unregistered sector. The micro segment, thus dominated MSME sector in terms of number of enterprises. Small segment of 0.38 lakh enterprises accounted for 0.17% enterprises in MSME unregistered sector.

Percentage Distribution of the Enterprises by Type of Enterprises

2.7 Micro segment dominated in both Sectors. Thus, the micro segment accounted for 99.94% of the enterprises of MSME sector located in rural areas and 99.65% in urban areas, whereas Small segment accounted for only 0.06% and 0.35% of total enterprises in rural and urban areas respectively. Details are at Table No.1.1 to 1.3 Part-II.

19

Nature of Activity

2.8 The classification of enterprises by nature of activity indicated that 52.58% enterprises were engaged in manufacturing activity, 41.23% of enterprises were engaged in services and 6.19% engaged in repairing and maintenance. Percentage distribution of enterprises by nature of activity is presented in Statement No. 2.2. Details are at Table No.3.1 to 3.3, Part II.

Statement No. 2.2: Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Nature of Activity

Nature of Activity No. of

Enterprises(lakh) % Share

Manufacturing 104.50 52.58

Services 81.93 41.23

Repairing & Maintenance 12.31 6.19

All 198.74 100.00

Type of Organisation

2.9 There is dominance of proprietary enterprises in Unregistered MSME

sector. Out of 198.74 lakh enterprises, as high as 94.13% are

proprietary concerns. Only 1.33% MSMEs are partnership concerns.

There are negligible private companies and cooperatives in MSME

sector (0.03% and 0.12 respectively).Rural-Urban distribution by type

of organization shows that the dominance of proprietary concerns is

true both in case of rural areas and urban areas. Thus, the proprietary

concern constituted 94.54% of enterprises in rural areas and 93.51% in

urban areas. (Statement No. 2.3). Detailed reference is at Table No. 5.1

to 5.3, Part II.

20

Statement No. 2.3: Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Type of Organization

and Sector

Sector Proprietary Partnership Private

Co.

Co-

operative Others

Not

Recorded

Rural 94.54 1.03 0.02 0.13 1.26 3.03

Urban 93.51 1.79 0.05 0.10 1.37 3.18

All 94.13 1.33 0.03 0.12 1.30 3.09

2.10 Analysis of the distribution of enterprises by type of organization in the two

segments of MSME sector reveals that the complete dominance of proprietary

enterprises is true only in case of micro segment (94.16% of micro enterprises

are proprietary concerns). In case of small segment, the distribution of

enterprises in different ownership categories is relatively even. In case of

small enterprises, 77.17% are proprietary concerns, 3.37% partnership

concerns and 8.76% private companies. There is a very little activity in

cooperative set-up of each of the two segments of MSME sector. Thus, there

are only 3.88% in small segment and 0.11% in the micro segment Co-operative

setup (Statement No. 2.4).

Statement No. 2.4: Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Type of Organization

and Type of Enterprise

Type of Enterprises Proprietary Partnership Private Co. Co-operative Others NR

Micro 94.16 1.33 0.02 0.11 1.29 3.10

Small 77.17 3.37 8.76 3.88 6.54 0.28

All 94.13 1.33 0.03 0.12 1.30 3.09

Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Type of Organisation and type of Enterprises

21

Type of Ownership of Enterprises

Ownership by Sex of Owner

2.11 There is dominance of males in ownership of MSME. Thus, for Unregistered MSME sector as a whole, male owned 90.44% of enterprises as compared to 9.09% owned by female and 0.47% enterprises showed missing ownership. There is no significant deviation in this pattern in urban and rural areas, although the dominance of man-owned enterprises is slightly more pronounced in urban areas as compared to rural areas (92.49% as compared to 89.09%) (Statement No. 2.5). Details reference at Table No. 7.1 to 7.3.

Statement No. 2.5: Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Sex

of Owner and Sector

Sector Male Female NR

Rural 89.09 10.69 0.22

Urban 92.49 6.67 0.84

All 90.44 9.09 0.47

2.12 Dominance of male in ownership was all pervading and hence true in each of the two segments of MSME sector, although it was relatively less pronounced in case of micro segment. Thus, male owned 90.43% of enterprises in micro segment while 96.81% of enterprises were owned by them in small segment (Statement No. 2.6).

Statement No. 2.6: Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Sex of Owner by Type of Enterprises

Type of Enterprises Male Female NR

Micro 90.43 9.10 0.47

Small 96.81 3.01 0.18

All 90.44 9.09 0.47

2.13 Ownership by Social Category The socially backward groups owned almost bulk of MSME which was

owned by OBCs (45.87%). Representation of SC and ST owners in MSME sector was low at 11.38% and 5.18% respectively. The aforesaid pattern of ownership by socially backward groups was true, by and large, both in rural and urban areas. Thus, in rural areas, almost 67.84% of MSME were owned by the socially backward groups, of which 70.69% belonged to the backward classes. In urban areas, almost 54.24% belonged to the socially backward groups, of which, 78.75% belonged to the OBCs. (Statement No. 2.7). Detailed reference is at Table No. 7.1 to 7.3, Part II.

22

Statement No. 2.7: Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Social Group of

Owner and Sector

Sector SC ST OBC Other NR

Rural 12.83 7.06 47.96 30.81 1.35

Urban 9.18 2.34 42.72 43.66 2.10

All 11.38 5.18 45.87 35.92 1.65

Percentage Distribution of Ownership by Social Category

2.14 The analysis of enterprises owned by socially backward groups in each of the

two segments of MSME sector reveals that micro sector had more than 62% of enterprises owned by socially backward groups, whereas small sector had 28% of enterprises owned by socially backward groups, respectively. OBC entrepreneurs dominated in both segments of Micro & Small sector (Statement No. 2.8).

Statement No. 2.8: Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Social Group of the Owner and Type of Enterprises

Type Of

Enterprises

Type of Social Group

SC ST OBC Other NR

Micro 11.39 5.19 45.91 35.86 1.65

Small 2.17 0.36 25.06 70.82 1.59

All 11.38 5.18 45.87 35.92 1.65

Ownership by Religion

2.15 Ownership of enterprises by religion of the owner indicates that 79.23% of the enterprises were owned by Hindus. Muslims owned 12.85% of the enterprises followed by Christian at 3.25%. Percentage distribution of enterprises by religion of owner is presented in Statement No. 2.9. Detailed reference is at Table No. 12.1 to 12.3, Part II.

23

Statement No. 2.9: Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Religion of Owner

Religion of Owner No. of

Enterprises(lakh) % Share

Hindu 157.45 79.23

Muslim 25.54 12.85

Sikh 6.16 3.10

Christian 6.46 3.25

Jain 0.34 0.17

Buddhist 0.36 0.18

Others 1.68 0.84

Not recorded 0.75 0.38

All 198.74 100.00

Main Source of Power

2.16 Main source of power for the enterprises was electricity and 48.17% of enterprises used electricity. Only 0.29% of enterprises used non-conventional energy as a source of power. There were 38.59% enterprises which did not use any power. Statement No. 2.10 presents the percentage distribution of enterprises by source of power. Detailed reference is at Table No. 13.1 to 13.3, Part II.

Statement No. 2.10: Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Source of Power

Source of Power No. of

Enterprises(lakh) % Share

No Power 76.68 38.59

Coal 3.57 1.79

Oil 10.52 5.29

LPG/CNG 1.18 0.59

Electricity 95.73 48.17

Non-Conventional Energy 0.57 0.29

Traditional Energy Firewood 3.88 1.95

Others 3.66 1.84

Not Recorded 2.95 1.48

All 198.74 100.00

24

Percentage Distribution of Enterprises by Source of Power

State- wise Distribution of Enterprises

2.17 State of Uttar Pradesh had the largest number of enterprises with a share of 11.24% in All India while West Bengal (10.47%) was second. This was followed by Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh which were marginally behind, with a total share of 9.16% and 7.50% respectively. Top 10 states in terms of number of enterprises accounted for a total share of 75% while remaining 25 States/UTs accounted for 25% share. State wise distribution of enterprises is given in Statement 2.11. Detailed reference is at Table No. 1.1 to 1.3, Part II.

Statement No. 2.11: Major State -wise Distribution of Enterprises

Sl. No. State/ UT Name No. of

Enterprises(lakh) % Share

1 Uttar Pradesh 22.34 11.24

2 West Bengal 20.80 10.47

3 Tamil Nadu 18.21 9.16

4 Andhra Pradesh 14.90 7.50

5 Maharashtra 14.45 7.27

6 Gujarat 13.03 6.55

7 Kerala 12.94 6.51

8 Madhya Pradesh 11.50 5.79

9 Karnataka 11.12 5.60

10 Odisha 9.77 4.92

Total of above ten States 149.06 75.00

Others 49.68 25.00

All 198.74 100.00

25

Industry-wise Distribution of Enterprises

2.18 Activities of unregistered MSME were captured under various economic activity classes using National Industrial Classification-2004 (NIC-2004), published by Central Statistics Office, M/o Statistics and Programme Implementation, during conduct of Fourth All India Census.

The classification system provides for different levels of aggregation starting from NIC five-digit level. At five digit level of NIC, enterprises were identified in the lowest level of disaggregation. Information was collected on each of the enterprises to facilitate classification of the units under various economic activities pursued by them at different levels of disaggregation. In terms of aggregation at two digit level, 82.05% of the enterprises were accounted for by top 10 of the total number of classes of economic activities. (a) Retail Trade and repair of personal and household goods and (b) Wearing Apparels accounted for 15.13% and 14.85% of enterprises, respectively. These were the two relatively bigger industry groups in that order in 4th All India Census. Top ten activities in terms of number of enterprises are noted below in Statement No. 2.12. Detailed reference is at Table No. 2.1 to 2.3, Part II.

Statement No. 2.12: Major Industry- wise Distribution of Enterprises

NIC

2004 Description

No. of

Enterprises(lakh) % Share

52 Retail Trade, Except Of Motor Vehicles And Motorcycles; Repair Of Personal And Household Goods. 30.06 15.13

18 Manufacture Of Wearing Apparel; Dressing And Dyeing Of Fur 29.52 14.85

15 Manufacture Of Food Products And Beverages 22.89 11.52

93 Other Service Activities 22.34 11.24

74 Other Business Activities 12.69 6.38

50 Sale, Maintenance And Repair Of Motor Vehicles And Motorcycles; Retail

Sale Of Automotive Fuel 12.34 6.21

36 Manufacture Of Furniture; Manufacturing N.E.C. 10.62 5.34

64 Post And Telecommunications 8.21 4.13

17 Manufacture Of Textiles 7.36 3.70

28 Manufacture Of Fabricated Metal Products, Except Machinery And

Equipment 7.02 3.53

Total of above ten industry groups 163.06 82.03

Others 35.68 17.97

All 198.74 100.00

Employment

2.19 Unregistered MSME sector provided employment to 408.84 lakh persons.

Rural areas had a share of 57.26% and urban areas had a share of 42.74%

(Statement No. 2.13). Detailed reference is at Table No. 15.1 to 15.3, Part II.

26

Statement No. 2.13: Distribution of Employment by Sector

Sector Employment(lakh) % Share

Rural 234.09 57.26

Urban 174.75 42.74

All 408.84 100.00

Percentage share of Employment by Sector

2.20 Micro segment dominated by accounting for 99.19% of the total employment in Unregistered MSME sector followed by small segment (0.81%) respectively (Statement No. 2.14).

Statement No. 2.14: Distribution of Employment by Type of Enterprise

Type of Enterprise Employment(lakh) % Share

Micro 405.52 99.19

Small 3.32 0.81

All 408.84 100.00

2.21 Manufacturing enterprises contributed the most to the total employment in Unregistered MSME sector by accounting for 58.51% of the total employment

27

in the sector followed by services (35.80%) and repair & maintenance (5.69%) (Statement No. 2.15)

Statement No. 2.15: Distribution of Employment by Nature of Activity

Nature of Activity Employment(lakh) % Share

Manufacturing 239.20 58.51

Services 146.39 35.80

Repairing & Maintenance 23.25 5.69

All 408.84 100.00 Per Unit Employment

2.22 Average employment generated by unregistered MSME sector is estimated at 2.06 per enterprise. This is higher than the average employment of unregistered SSI enterprises in 3rd Census (2.05). Rural areas reported a lower average (1.96 per enterprise) as compared to the urban areas (2.21 per enterprise) (Statement No. 2.16).

Statement No. 2.16: Distribution of Enterprises, Employment and Average Employment per Enterprise by Sector

Sector No. of

Enterprises(lakh) Employment(lakh)

Per Enterprise

Employment

Rural 119.68 234.09 1.96

Urban 79.05 174.75 2.21

All 198.74 408.84 2.06

28

2.23 Average employment provided by small enterprises was much higher (9.60 per enterprise) as compared to micro enterprises (2.04 per enterprise) respectively (Statement No. 2.17).

Statement No. 2.17: Distribution of Enterprises, Employment and

Average Employment per Enterprise by type of Enterprise

Type of Enterprise No. of

Enterprises(lakh) Employment(lakh)

Average

Employment

Per Enterprise

Micro 198.39 405.52 2.04

Small 0.35 3.32 9.60

All 198.74 408.84 2.06

2.24 Per enterprise employment in manufacturing activity was 2.29 service activity was 1.79 and for repair and maintenance activity was 1.89.

Statement No. 2.18: Distribution of Enterprises, Employment and

Average Employment per Enterprise by Nature of Activity

Nature of Activity No. of

Enterprises(lakh) Employment(lakh)

Average

Employment

Per Enterprise

Manufacturing 104.50 239.20 2.29

Services 81.93 146.39 1.79

Repairing & Maintenance 12.31 23.25 1.89

All 198.74 408.84 2.06

Employment Intensity

2.25 Employment intensity of unregistered MSME sector is estimated at 169.77 when measured in terms of employment per unit (crore) of fixed investment while the value becomes 432.00 when measured in terms of employment per unit (crore) of original value of P & M. The unregistered MSME sector in rural areas reported much higher employment intensity as compared to urban areas. (Statement No. 2.19).

Statement No. 2.19: Employment Intensity by Sector

Sector

Employment

(Lakh)

Fixed Investment

(Crore)

Employment/

Fixed Investment

(Crore)

Employment/

Original Value of

P&M(Crore)

Rural 234.09 107293.93 218.17 494.39

Urban 174.75 133522.53 130.88 369.52

All 408.84 240816.46 169.77 432.00

29

2.26 Employment intensity of micro segment (179.29 persons per crore of fixed investment) is substantially higher as compared to small sector (22.68). Similar trend is observed when it is estimated using variable of original value of P & M. (Statement No. 2.20).

Statement No. 2.20: Employment Intensity by Type of Enterprise

Sector Employment(Lakh)

Fixed

Investment

(Crore)

Employment/

Fixed

Investment(Crore)

Employment/

Original Value

of P&M(Crore)

Micro 405.52 226174.82 179.29 478.83

Small 3.32 14641.64 22.68 33.37

All 408.84 240816.46 169.77 432.00

2.27 Employment intensity of manufacturing enterprises in unregistered MSME sector was higher (187.60 persons per crore of fixed investment) as compared to service enterprises (153.49) and repairing and maintenance enterprises 129.64), respectively. Similar trend is observed when it is estimated using variable of original value of P & M. (Statement No. 2.21)

Statement No. 2.21: Employment Intensity by Nature of Activity

Nature of Activity Employment(Lakh)

Fixed

Investment

(Crore)

Employment/

Fixed

Investment(Crore)

Employment/

Original

Value of

P&M(Crore)

Manufacturing 239.20 127506.02 187.60 463.50

Services 146.39 95377.69 153.49 439.86

Repairing & Maintenance 23.25 17932.76 129.64 238.42

All 408.84 240816.46 169.77 432.00

Fixed Investment

2.28 Fixed investment in unregistered MSME sector is estimated at ` 240816.46 crore. Urban areas dominated in terms of share of fixed investment with 55.45% of the total fixed investment of un-registered MSME sector. The share of rural areas was 44.55% (Statement No. 2.22).

Statement No: 2.22: Distribution of Fixed Investment by Sector

Sector Fixed Investment

(`̀̀̀ in crore) % Share

Rural 107293.93 44.55

Urban 133522.53 55.45

All 240816.46 100.00

30

2.29 Micro segment with a share of 93.92% of the total fixed investment of unregistered MSME sector accounted for the largest share of total fixed investment followed by small segment (6.08%). Manufacturing enterprises accounted for a high share of fixed investment in unregistered MSME sector (52.95%) followed by service enterprises (39.60%) and repairing and maintenance enterprises (7.45%) (Statement No. 2.23).

Statement No. 2.23: Distribution of Fixed Investment by Type of Enterprise and

Nature of Activity

Nature of Activity Fixed Investment (in Crore)

Micro Small Total % Share

Manufacturing 120026.24 7479.78 127506.02 52.95

Services 91247.23 4130.45 95377.69 39.60

Repairing & Maintenance 14901.34 3031.42 17932.76 7.45

All 226174.82 14641.64 240816.46 100.00

(% Share) 93.92 6.08 100.00

Gross output

2.30 MSME Sector reported a total of `369702.59 crore in terms of Gross Output. Rural areas had a share of 56.17% and urban areas 43.83% (Statement No 2.24).

Statement No. 2.24: Distribution of Gross Output by Sector

Sector Gross Output

(`̀̀̀ in Crore) % Share

Rural 207674.40 56.17

Urban 162028.19 43.83

All 369702.59 100.00

2.31 Micro segment dominated the gross output by providing 87.87% of the total

of the gross output as compared to 12.13% in small segment. Manufacturing

enterprises dominated in terms of share of gross output of unregistered MSME sector

with 68.01% share followed by service enterprises and repairing and maintenance

enterprises (26.37% and 5.62%), respectively (Statement No. 2. 25).

Statement No. 2.25: Distribution of Gross Output by type of Enterprises and Nature of Activity

Nature of Activity Gross Output (in `̀̀̀ Crore)

Micro Small Total % Share

Manufacturing 212933.34 38504.61 251437.95 68.01

Services 92702.36 4788.79 97491.15 26.37

Repairing & Maintenance 19237.09 1536.41 20773.50 5.62

All 324872.78 44829.81 369702.59 100.00

(% Share) 87.87 12.13 100.00

31

Comparison between 3rd Census and 4th Census

2.32 Scope of 4th Census was expanded as compared to 3rd Census by inclusion of the medium enterprises and enlargement of services to include all non-agricultural service enterprises, in conformity with the new definition as enshrined in MSMED Act, 2006. Further, the definition of small enterprises underwent a significant change over the two periods (3rd and 4th Census) through upward revision of the investment limit of small manufacturing enterprises from ` 1 crore to ` 5 crore and small service enterprises to ` 2 crore. Therefore, the results of 3rd Census and 4th are not strictly comparable. At best, some comparability can be established between SSI sector of the 3rd Census and MSE (Micro and Small Enterprises) Sector, subject to the qualification that there is an upward shift in the investment limit of small sector in 4th Census.

2.33 Thus, there has been an increase in the number of enterprises and employment both in MSE sector and MSME sector in 4th Census as compared to 3rd Census (Statement No. 2.26). The increase in these parameters in 4th Census can partly be explained in case of MSME sector through the increase in investment limit (thereby covering more enterprises and relatively large sized enterprises).

2.34 There is an increase in per enterprise investment (both in P&M and Fixed Assets), employment and output in 4th Census in respect of both registered MSE sector and MSME sector as compared to the registered SSI sector of 3rd Census. However, increase in per unit values in 4th Census over 3rd Census has more to do with the size of enterprises (resultant of the upward increase in investment limits) than with the efficiency. Thus, both the efficiency parameters, i.e. employment intensity (employment per unit of fixed investment) and productivity (output per unit of fixed investment) in respect of unregistered MSE sector and MSME sector show improvement in 4th Census as compared to the registered SSI sector of 3rd Census (Statement No. 2.26).

Statement No. 2.26: Comparison between 3rd& 4th Unregistered Census

Sl No Characteristics 3rd Census 4th Census

1 Size of Sector(In Lakh) 91.46 198.74

2 Employment (In Lakh) 187.69 408.84

3 Number of Women Enterprises (In Lakh) 9.26 18.06

4 Percentage of Rural Enterprises 56.84% 60.22%

5 Per Unit Employment 2.05 2.06

6 Per Unit Fixed Investment(In Lakh) 0.67 1.21

7 Per unit Original Value of Plant & Machinery (In Lakh) 0.26 0.48

8 Per unit Gross Output(In Lakh) 0.86 1.86

9

Value of Gross output per one Lakh investment in Fixed

Assets(In Lakh) 1.27 1.54

10 Employment per one Lakh fixed Investment 3.05 1.70

***

32

33

CHAPTER III

DISPERSION, DOMINANCE

& ECONOMIC RATIOS

Sectoral Distribution

Share of Rural and Urban Areas in Unregistered MSME Sector 3.1 Rural areas had a larger share of unregistered MSME sector as compared to

urban areas in respect of enterprises, employment, gross output and urban areas were dominated by original value of plant & machinery and market value of fixed asset. Thus, rural area accounted for almost 60% of the total number of enterprises and their share contributing almost 57% of employment, 50% of investment in plant and machinery, 45% in fixed assets and 56% in gross output of the total Unregistered MSME Sector However, in urban areas with more than 39% of the enterprises contributing to almost 50% of investment in P&M, 55% in fixed investment, 43% of employment and 44% of the output of unregistered MSME sector, urban area also contributed reasonably well to the growth of MSME sector (Statement No. 3.1).

Statement No. 3.1: Percentage Distribution of Major

Characteristics by Sector

Sector Enterprises Employment Original Value

of P & M

Market Value

of Fixed

Assets

Gross Output

Rural 60.22 57.26 50.03 44.55 56.17

Urban 39.78 42.74 49.97 55.45 43.83

All 100 100 100 100 100

Economic Ratios

Per unit values 3.2 Per unit value of each of the major parameters such as employment,

investment in plant & machinery, fixed investment and gross output was differing in urban areas as compared to rural areas. Thus, the average size of unregistered enterprises (in terms of fixed investment, urban areas were almost double of that in rural areas). The differentials were more pronounced in respect of output and investment particularly (Statement No. 3.2).

34

Statement No. 3.2: Per Unit Value of Major Characteristics by Sector

Sector Employment Original Value of

P & M (lakh)

Market Value

of Fixed

Assets (lakh)

Gross Output

(lakh)

Rural 1.96 0.40 0.90 1.74

Urban 2.21 0.60 1.69 2.05

All 2.06 0.48 1.21 1.86

Employment Intensity 3.3 Unregistered MSME sector was found to be more employment intensive in

rural areas as compared to urban areas. This is reflected in all the two employment intensity parameters, i.e., employment per unit of investment (both investment in P&M and fixed investment) and employment per unit of output. Employment intensity of unregistered MSME in rural areas, measured in terms of employment per unit of fixed investment, is more than one and half times of that of urban areas (Statement No. 3.3).

Statement No. 3.3: Employment Intensity by Sector

Sector Emp./P&M

(Crore)

Emp./Fixed

Assets(Crore) Emp./Output(Crore)

Rural 494.39 218.17 112.72

Urban 369.52 130.88 107.85

All 432.00 169.77 110.59

Productivity 3.4 Unregistered MSME sector was found to be more productive (measured in

terms of gross output per fixed investment) in rural areas as compared to urban areas. Thus, the unregistered MSME sector in rural areas produced goods/services worth ̀1.94 lakh per one lakh fixed investment as compared to ̀ 1.21 lakh in urban areas (Statement No. 3.4)

Statement No. 3.4 : Productivity intensity by Sector

Sector

Market Value of

Fixed

Assets(Crore)

Gross

Output(Crore)

Gross

Output/Fixed

Assets

Gross Output/Original

Value of P & M

Rural 107293.93 207674.40 1.94 4.39

Urban 133522.53 162028.19 1.21 3.43

All 240816.46 369702.59 1.54 3.91

35

Distribution by Type of Enterprise

Share of Micro & Small Enterprises

3.5 Micro segment with 99.83% of enterprises of unregistered MSME sector was the most dominant segment in terms of number of enterprises. This segment also accounted for the largest and a very dominant share of employment (99.19%) of unregistered MSME sector. Further, the micro segment with 87.87% share of gross output, 93.92% share of Fixed Assets and 89.49% share of investment in P&M dominates in the other important parameters of the Unregistered MSME Sector. Thus, micro segment was a very important segment of MSME sector in terms of all important parameters of the Unregistered MSME sector. Small segment, although accounted for less than 1% of enterprises in unregistered MSME sector, had a significant share in investment (both P&M and fixed assets) and gross output of Un-registered MSME sector. (Statement No. 3.5 & 3.6).

Statement No. 3.5: Absolute Value of Major Characteristics by Type of Enterprise

Type of

Enterprise

No. of

Enterprises

(Thousand)

Employment

(Thousand)

Original Value

of

P&M(Crore)

Market Value of

Fixed

Assets(Crore)

Gross Output

(Crore)

Micro 19839.13 40551.86 84689.51 226174.82 324872.78

Small 34.57 332.02 9950.09 14641.64 44829.81

All 19873.71 40883.88 94639.60 240816.46 369702.59

Statement No. 3.6 Percentage Share of Major Characteristics by Type of Enterprise

Type of

Enterprise

Enterprises

Employment

Original Value

of

P&M

Market Value of

Fixed

Assets

Gross

Output

Micro 99.83 99.19 89.49 93.92 87.87

Small 0.17 0.81 10.51 6.08 12.13

All 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

Rural and Urban Share

3.6 Micro segment is the dominant segment in terms of its share in number of enterprises and employment, both in urban and rural areas, dominance being more pronounced in the rural areas. Thus, in rural areas micro segment accounted for 99.94% of the units and 99.52% of employment and in urban areas it accounted for 99.65% of the units and 98.75% of employment. This segment accounted for the highest share of output in urban area (95.35%) and second highest share in rural areas (82.04%). The micro segment, quite large in terms of its share in number of enterprises as compared to small segment in both rural and urban areas, had highest share in investment in P&M and fixed

36

capital amongst both segments, both in rural and urban areas (Statement No. 3.7 & 3.8).

Statement No. 3.7: Absolute Value of Major Characteristics by Sector & type of

enterprise

No. of

Enterprises

(Thousand)

Employment

(Thousand)

Original

Value of

P&M(Crore)

Market Value

of Fixed

Assets(Crore)

Gross

Output

(Crore)

RURAL

Micro 11961.27 23295.35 43455.38 100610.09 170372.28

Small 7.14 113.27 3892.85 6683.84 37302.12

Total 11968.41 23408.62 47348.22 107293.93 207674.40

URBAN

Micro 7877.87 17256.51 41234.14 125564.72 154500.51

Small 27.43 218.75 6057.25 7957.80 7527.69

Total 7905.30 17475.26 47291.38 133522.53 162028.19

Statement No. 3.8: Percentage Share of Major Characteristics by Sector & Type of

enterprise

Enterprises

Employment

Original

Value of

P&M

Market Value

of Fixed

Assets

Gross

Output

RURAL

Micro 99.94 99.52 91.78 93.77 82.04

Small 0.06 0.48 8.22 6.23 17.96

Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

URBAN

Micro 99.65 98.75 87.19 94.04 95.35

Small 0.35 1.25 12.81 5.96 4.65

Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

Economic Ratios Per unit Values

3.7 Analysis of per unit value of major economic parameters - employment,

investment and output - of the two segments of unregistered MSME sector reveals that the per unit values graduate upwards (as expected) when we move upward in the ladder from micro to small. However, it is important to note that the upward movement from each segment to the other segment is rather steep in respect of all economic parameters, underlining the marked heterogeneity both within and in-between each of the two segments of unregistered MSME sector. Other important observation relates to the fact that average size of units (in terms of investment in plant and machinery) is significantly smaller in case of micro as well as small segment ( ` 0.43 lakh and

37

` 28.78 lakh respectively) as compared to the respective investment limits allowed in MSMED Act, 2006 (` 25 lakh and ` 5 crore, respectively). In fact, per unit investment (P&M) of these two segments is much lower when compared to even the respective service sector limits (` 10 lakh and ` 2 crore) under the MSMED Act, 2006 (Statement No. 3.9).

Statement No. 3.9: Per unit value of important economic

parameters by Type of Enterprise

Type of

Enterprise Employment

Original Value

of

P & M (lakh)

Market Value of

Fixed

Assets (lakh)

Gross Output

(lakh)

Micro 2.04 0.43 1.14 1.64

Small 9.60 28.78 42.35 129.67

All 2.06 0.48 1.21 1.86

Employment Intensity 3.8 Micro segment of MSME sector is the most employment-intensive segment

measured in terms of all the three measures of employment intensity (employment per unit of investm