report group3 green.architecture
TRANSCRIPT
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Green Architecture in a
Tough Economy
B y : G r o u p C
KrushDattani
MeghaChamaria
PrashantKumarAanand
SomnathMeher
SonamRaghuwanshi
Seminar
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Contents:
1. Introduction2. UnderstandingGreenArchitectureandGroupsMotionontheterm3. GroupsMotiononVernacularandGreenArchitecture4. GreenRatingSystemsandGroupsCallontheircredibility5. GovernmentsIntervention6. Conclusion
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Introduction:
In view of present global crises population expansion, natural resource depletion and ecological
disasters there is an urgent need to align development and architecture with the concept of
sustainability.
ApproachtotheDiscussion:
Thediscussiononthegiventopicwascarriedoutinthefollowingstructure:
DefiningwhatisGreenArchitecture:TheunderstandingoftheConcept
Therelevanceof"GreenArchitectureinpresentdaycontextandsocioeconomicscenarioof
moderntimes
Whatis"ToughEconomy",andwhytheneedforconsiderationtowardsitatthispointoftime
CoherencebetweenArchitecture,itsdesignmethodologies,principlesandtechniqueswithrespecttocurrentandfutureneeds
Discusisionsbased
on
several
real
time
examples
in
support
of
arguments
and
counter
arguments
Conclusionofthediscussionandrecommendationsbasedonthesame
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WhatisGreenArchitecture?
Green Architecture is not a style, trend or a vernacular and neither is it new. It is a climatically,
geographicallyandculturallyappropriatewayofarchitectureandbuilding,combiningthebestofboth
oldand new technology.At its core is the principleof respectandcaring for the earth. The issues of
environmentalresponsiveness,
resource
efficiency,
community
and
cultural
sensitivity
and
healthy,
non
polluting environments manifest in many different ways, and often reinforce each other. While
safeguardingthefutureofgenerationstocome,greendesignalsoresultsin:
Reducedoperatingcostsforbothbuildingsandlandscapes. Betterhealthandproductivityforbuildinginhabitants. Increasedoccupancyrates. Higherpropertyvalues. Lowenvironmentalimpact. Sustainabledevelopment.
Indeed,sustainableconstructionisoneofthemajorturnkeysforsurvivalintothe21stcentury.
Maximizethebeneficialuseoflocallyavailableresourcesi.e.
Sunisanabundantfreesourceofenergyandisusedforlighting,heatingandcoolingpurposes.Itcanbeharnessedbothactivelyandpassively i.e.withpassivesolardesignandsolarwaterheating
systemsphotovoltaiccells,.
Wind it can be harnessed for cooling and natural ventilation as well as providing a source ofrenewableenergy.
Vegetation gives protection from theelements and is an excellent climate moderator, purifyingand humidifying the air, providing wind shelter, shade, etc. It also provides sustainable resources
suchasthatch,timber,firewoodandfood.
Landformsbothnaturalandartificialcanchannelordivertwinds,provideshade,reflectheatetc.Their features can be capitalized on for storm water management, erosion control, and roadway
designaswellasinpassivesolarsystems.
Watercan be sourced, aswellas reused locally. By tapping the Earths freesourcesofwater rainfallanddew,andreusingwastewaterwithgreywaterrecyclingsystems ourrelianceon large
damsandexpensiveinfrastructuresarereduced.
Locallyavailablebuildingmaterialsstone,clay,straw,thatch,reedsandtimbers,scrap,etcshouldbeutilizedinpreferencetoimported,manufacturedproducts.
Existingbuildingsandinfrastructurearerespectedandshouldberestoredandadaptedforreuse,orelementsrecycledandmaterialreconstitutedtoprovideusefulnewmaterials.
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Argument: So how do wejustify Green Architecture as Affordable architecture in a tough
economy.
GroupsMotion:WhatweunderstandfromGreen???
Greenisbasicallyusingtheenergyresourcesavailabletouscurrentlywithoutdeprivingthefuture
generationfrom
their
energy
need.
Meaning
not
over
utilizing
what
is
available
to
us
and
decrease
the
energyneedsofabuildingandincreasingtheirabilitytogeneratetheirown.Now,thebasicquestionis
iffordoingsowehavetoorwedonotreallyhavetogoagainstoureconomy.
Variouskindofmeasuresandinstallationsarenowbeingusedbyourgenerationinsearchofenergyfor
efficientuse.Thereareinstallationsforsolarpanels,wastewatermanagementandforimprovingthe
indoorairqualities.
Therearealsoactiveandpassivemeanstoservethesamepurposewithoutneedingmuchequipment.
Forexample:
1.UsingbrickJaliconstructionforfreeventilationandlightinsidethebuilding
2.
Using
pyramid
like
structure
on
the
roof
with
one
end
open
in
the
direction
opposite
to
the
wind
flow.
Thiswillallowfurtherventilationandlightneeds.
3.Slopingroofswithdrain/containersontheground.Thiswillhelpinrainwaterharvestingwithout
usingnewtechniquesormaterialsonflatroofstocarryheavywaterloads.
4.Curvedwallconstruction,asweknowcurvedwallscontainmorevolumesinsidewithlessmaterial
beingused.
6.Goingforloadbearingstructuresfor2orlessstoreyhousesatlocationswithnoseismicactivities.
Thiswillpreventunnecessaryuseofsteelwhichisexpensivetomanufacture.
5.Liveexamplesofsmallscalecommunitiesusinginnovativemeanstosolvetheirproblemsoflight
availability.
Ref http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5MsoXkdb8
Thusthere
are
various
techniques
to
go
for
economic
options
of
green
design
without
going
uneconomic.
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Argument:IsGreensynonymoustoVernacular?
GroupsMotion:VernacularandGreencangohandinhandcontextually.VernaculararchitectureandGreenarchitecturearedifferentprincipleswhichhavecommoninterests
andcan
be
called
as
two
different
sets
A
and
B
with
acommon
subset
serving
both.
Vernacular
architecturemainlytalksaboutuseoflocallyavailablematerialsinbuildingstoreducethecostofenergy
whichisbeingusedtoproducethematerialsotherwiseused.Italsotriestousevernacular
materials/techniquestoreducetheenergyrequirementoftheparticularbuilding.Butitmustbe
understoodthatnotallvernaculararchitectureisgreen.ForexampleOnemightusebambooasmeans
ofroofconstructioninhishousewhichmightbealocallyavailablematerialbutitdoesnotimplythat
thisissufficienttofighttherainfallormoisturecontentproblemsintheclimateforthehouse.Itmight
requireregularmaintenancewhichmightuseenergyinotherforms.Thus,beforeusingprinciplesofany
oftheseonemostcarefullybalancetheprosandconsofusingthesame.
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Argument:CanweblindlybelievetheexistingRatingsystemsandtermtheeventualproduct
asaGreenBuilding?
GroupsMotion:
Firstlylet
us
briefly
discuss
on
the
existing
rating
systems
and
then
judge
the
now
used
Green
Architecturetermfornewdevelopmentsforthetougheconomicsituations.Inmostofthesystems
availableinIndia,parametersarenotwellequippedtobeimplementedinthelocalcontextandthus
applyingitanywhereandeverywhereforthesakeoftheratingmakesittougherinthetougheconomy.
WellwecanalsotermtheseRatingsystemsasanothersortofpublicityoptionsfordevelopments,
wheredevelopersgoforHighratingsbyadoptingthepointsprescribedbythisratingframework.Andas
theygetahighratingfromthissystem,thedevelopmentgetsatagtobeexpensiveandthusbecomes
unreachabletothegreatermass.
Ifthisisthescenario,thenweasArchitectsorGreenEnthusiasts,shouldunderstandtherealmeaningof
greenarchitecture
and
ifto
follow
the
Green
Rating
is
anorm,
it
be
followed
for
developing
with
the
truemeaningofattainingenergyefficientsystemnotjustfulfillrequirementstobehighlyrated.
RatingSystem
GreenRatingforIntegratedHabitatAssessment(GRIHA)
Internationally,voluntarybuildingratingsystemshavebeeninstrumentalinraisingawarenessand
popularizinggreendesign.However,mostoftheinternationallydevisedratingsystemshavebeen
tailoredtosuitthebuildingindustryofthecountrywheretheyweredeveloped.InIndiaaUSbased
LEEDratingsystemisunderpromotionbyCIIGreenBusinessCentre,Hyderabadwhichismoreon
energyefficiency
measures
in
AC
buildings.
Keeping
in
view
of
the
Indian
agro
climatic
conditions
and
in
particularthepreponderanceofnonACbuildings,aNational
RatingSystem GRIHAhasbeendevelopedwhichissuitableforallkindsof3buildingindifferent
climaticzonesofthecountry.ThesystemwasinitiallyconceivedanddevelopedbyTERI(TheEnergy&
ResourceInstitute)asTERIGRIHAwhichhasbeenmodifiedtoGRIHAasNationalRatingSystemafter
incorporatingvariousmodificationssuggestedbyagroupofarchitectsandexperts.Ittakesintoaccount
theprovisionsoftheNationalBuildingCode2005;theEnergyConservationBuildingCode2007
announcedbyBEEandotherIScodes,localbyelaws,otherlocalstandardsandlaws.Thesystem,byits
qualitativeandquantitativeassessmentcriteria,wouldbeabletorateabuildingonthedegreeofits
greenness.Theratingwouldbeappliedtonewandexistingbuildingstockofvariedfunctions
commercial,institutional,
and
residential.
Thebenefits
GRIHA theNationalRatingSystemwillevaluatetheenvironmentalperformanceofabuilding
holisticallyoveritsentirelifecycle,therebyprovidingadefinitivestandardforwhatconstitutesagreen
building.Theratingsystem,basedonacceptedenergyandenvironmentalprinciples,willseektostrike
abalancebetweentheestablishedpracticesandemergingconcepts,bothnationalandinternational.
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Theguidelines/criteriaappraisalmayberevisedeverythreeyearstotakeintoaccountthelatest
scientificdevelopmentsduringthisperiod.
Onabroaderscale,thissystem,alongwiththeactivitiesandprocessesthatleaduptoit,willbenefitthe
communityatlargewiththeimprovementintheenvironmentbyreducingGHG(greenhousegas)
emissions,improvingenergysecurity,andreducingthestressonnaturalresources.
Someof
the
benefits
of
agreen
design
to
abuilding
owner,
user,
and
the
society
as
awhole
are
as
follows:
Reducedenergyconsumptionwithoutsacrificingthecomfortlevels Reduceddestructionofnaturalareas,habitats,andbiodiversity,andreducedsoillossfrom
erosion,etc.
Reducedairandwaterpollution(withdirecthealthbenefits) Reducedwaterconsumption Limitedwastegenerationduetorecyclingandreuse Reducedpollutionloads Increaseduserproductivity Enhancedimageandmarketability
Thebasicfeatures
Currentlythesystemhasbeendevelopedtohelpdesignandevaluatenewbuildings(buildingsthatare
stillattheinceptionstages).Abuildingisassessedbasedonitspredictedperformanceoveritsentirelife
cycleinceptionthroughoperation.Thestagesofthelifecyclethathavebeenidentifiedforevaluation
arethepreconstruction,buildingdesignandconstruction,andbuildingoperationandmaintenance
stages.Theissuesthatgetaddressedinthesestagesareasfollows:
Preconstructionstage (intra andintersiteissues)
Building
planning
and
construction
stages
(issues
of
resource
conservation
and
reduction
in
resourcedemand,resourceutilizationefficiency,resourcerecoveryandreuse,andprovisionsfor
occupanthealthandwellbeing).Theprime4resourcesthatareconsideredinthissectionareland,
water,energy,air,andgreencover.
Buildingoperationandmaintenancestage(issuesofoperationandmaintenanceofbuildingsystemsandprocesses,monitoringandrecordingofconsumption,andoccupanthealthandwell
being,andalsoissuesthataffecttheglobalandlocalenvironment).
ScoringpointsforGRIHA
GRIHAisaguidingandperformanceorientedsystemwherepointsareearnedformeetingthedesign
andperformanceintentofthecriteria.Eachcriterionhasanumberofpointsassignedtoit.Itmeans
thataprojectintendingtomeetthecriterionwouldqualifyforthepoints.Compliances,asspecifiedin
therelevantcriterion,havetobesubmittedintheprescribedformat.Whiletheintentofsomeofthe
criteriaisselfvalidatinginnature,thereareothersforexample:energyconsumption,thermaland
visualcomfort,noisecontrolcriteria,andindoorpollutionlevelswhichneedtobevalidatedonsite
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throughperformancemonitoring.Thepointsrelatedtothesecriteria(specifiedundertherelevant
sections)areawardedprovisionallywhilecertifyingandareconvertedtofirmpointsthrough
monitoring,validation,anddocuments/photographstosupporttheawardofpoint.
GRIHAhasa100pointsystemconsistingofsomecorepoints,whicharemandatorytobemetwhilethe
restareoptionalpoints,whichcanbeearnedbycomplyingwiththecommitmentofthecriterionfor
whichthepointisallocated.Differentlevelsofcertification(onestartofivestars)areawardedbasedon
thenumberofpointsearned.Theminimumpointsrequiredforcertificationis50.Buildingsscoring50
to60points,61to70points,71to80points,and81to90pointswillgetonestar,twostars,three
starsandfourstarsrespectively.Abuildingscoring91to100pointswillgetthemaximumratingviz.
fivestars.
Pointsscored Rating
5060 Onestar
6170 Twostar
7180 Threestar
8190 Fourstar
91100
Five
star
EvaluationprocedureofcriterionofGRIHA
Landscapearchitect
Criteria1 SiteSelection
Criteria2 Preserveandprotectlandscapeduringconstruction
Criteria3 Soilconservation(Postconstruction)
Criteria10 Reducelandscapewaterrequirement
Architectwithexpertiseinpassivedesign/energyefficiency
Criteria4 Designtoincludeexistingsitefeatures
Criteria7 Planutilitiesefficientlyandoptimiseonsitecirculation
efficiency
Criteria12 Efficientwateruseduringconstruction
Criteria15 Utilizationofflyashinbuildingstructure
Criteria16 Adoptenergyefficienttechnologyinconstruction
Energyanalyst
Criteria13 Optimisebuildingdesigntoreduceconventionalenergy
demand
Criteria14 Optimiseenergyperformanceofbuilding
Criteria18&19 Renewableenergyutilization
Criteria33 O&Mprotocolforelectricalandmechanicalequipment
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Publichealthengineer
Criteria8 Minimumsanitationandsafetyfacilitiesforconstruction
workers
Criteria9 Reduceairpollutionduringconstruction
Criteria29 Acceptableoutdoorandindoornoiselevels
Criteria30 Tobaccoandsmokecontrol
Criteria22 Reductioninwasteduringconstruction
Criteria23 Efficientwastesegregation
Criteria24 Utilizationofflyashinbuildingstructure
Criteria25 Adoptenergyefficienttechnologyinconstruction
Plumbingengineer/MEPconsultant
Criteria
11
Reduce
building
water
use
Criteria20 Wastewatertreatment
Criteria21 Waterrecycleandreuse
LEED
LEEDisathirdpartycertificationprogramandthenationallyacceptedbenchmarkforthedesign,
constructionandoperationofhighperformancegreenbuildings.DevelopedbytheU.S.GreenBuilding
Councilin2000throughaconsensusbasedprocess;LEEDservesasatoolforbuildingsofalltypesand
sizes.LEED
certification
offers
third
party
validation
of
aprojects
green
features
and
verifies
that
the
buildingisoperatingexactlythewayitwasdesignedto.
LEEDfocusesonanumberofdesignandconstructioncategoriesaimedatreducingtheenvironmental
footprintandincreasingthewellbeingofbuildingoccupants.Abuildingmaybecertifiedas:
LEEDcertified 26 32points
LEEDSilver 33 38points
LEEDGold 39 51points
LEEDPlatinum 52+points
Thestandards
are
defined
such
that
abuilding
may
become
LEED
Certified
by
using
integrated
building
designwithlittleorno additionalfirstcost,whileLEEDPlatinummaybeattainedbyusingthemost
advanceddesignandconstructioninitiatives.ThefollowingcategoriesareavailableforattainingLEED
points:
Categories PointsAvailable
1.SustainableSites 14
2.WaterEfficiency 5
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3.EnergyandAtmosphere 17
4.MaterialsandResources 13
5.IndoorEnvironmentalQuality 15
6.LEEDInnovationCredits 5
TotalPointsAvailable 69
LeedCertifiedProjectsInIndia
ITCGreenCenter,Gurgaon Platinum
WiproTechnology,Gurgaon Platinum
GrendFosPumpsIndia,Chennai Gold
Technopolis,Chennai Gold
IGPOffice,Gulbarg Gold
SustainableSites 14Points
ConstructionActivityPollutionPrevention Required Required
SiteSelection 1 1
DevelopmentDensity&CommunityConnectivity 1 5
BrownfieldRedevelopment 1 1
AlternativeTransportation,PublicTransportationAccess 1 6
AlternativeTransportation,
Bicycle
Storage
&
Changing
Rooms
1 1
AlternativeTransportation,LowEmitting&FuelEfficientVehicles 1 3
AlternativeTransportation,ParkingCapacity 1 2
SiteDevelopment,ProtectorRestoreHabitat 1 1
SiteDevelopment,MaximizeOpenSpace 1 1
StormwaterDesign,QuantityControl 1 1
StormwaterDesign,QualityControl 1 1
HeatIslandEffect,NonRoof 1 1
HeatIslandEffect,Roof 1 1
LightPollutionReduction 1 1
WaterEfficiency 5Points
WaterEfficientLandscaping,Reduceby50% 1 2
WaterEfficientLandscaping,NoPotableUseorNoIrrigation 1 2
InnovativeWastewaterTechnologies 1 2
WaterUseReduction,20%Reduction 1 2
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WaterUseReduction,30%Reduction 1 2
Energy&Atmosphere 17Points
FundamentalCommissioningoftheBuildingEnergySystems Required
MinimumEnergy
Performance
Required
FundamentalRefrigerantManagement Required
OptimizeEnergyPerformance 1to10
OnSiteRenewableEnergy 1to3
EnhancedCommissioning 1
EnhancedRefrigerantManagement 1
Measurement&Verification 1
GreenPower1
Materials&Resources 13Points
Storage&CollectionofRecyclables Required
BuildingReuse,Maintain75%ofExistingWalls,Floors&Roof 1
BuildingReuse,Maintain100%ofExistingWalls,Floors&Roof 1
BuildingReuse,Maintain50%ofInteriorNonStructuralElements 1
ConstructionWasteManagement,Divert50%fromDisposal 1
ConstructionWasteManagement,Divert75%fromDisposal 1
MaterialsReuse,5% 1
MaterialsReuse,10% 1
RecycledContent,10%(postconsumer+preconsumer) 1
RecycledContent,
20%
(post
consumer
+
pre
consumer)
1
RegionalMaterials,10%Extracted,Processed&ManufacturedRegionally 1
RegionalMaterials,20%Extracted,Processed&ManufacturedRegionally 1
RapidlyRenewableMaterials 1
CertifiedWood 1
IndoorEnvironmentalQuality 15Points
MinimumIAQPerformance Required
EnvironmentalTobaccoSmoke(ETS)Control Required
OutdoorAir
Delivery
Monitoring
1
IncreasedVentilation 1
ConstructionIAQManagementPlan,DuringConstruction 1
ConstructionIAQManagementPlan,BeforeOccupancy 1
LowEmittingMaterials,Adhesives&Sealants 1
LowEmittingMaterials,Paints&Coatings 1
LowEmittingMaterials,CarpetSystems 1
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LowEmittingMaterials,CompositeWood&AgrifiberProducts 1
IndoorChemical&PollutantSourceControl 1
ControllabilityofSystems,Lighting 1
ControllabilityofSystems,ThermalComfort 1
ThermalComfort,Design 1
ThermalComfort,
Verification
1
Daylight&Views,Daylight75%ofSpaces 1
Daylight&Views,Viewsfor90%ofSpaces 1
Innovation&DesignProcess 5Points
InnovationinDesign:ProvideSpecificTitle 1
InnovationinDesign:ProvideSpecificTitle 1
InnovationinDesign:ProvideSpecificTitle 1
InnovationinDesign:ProvideSpecificTitle 1
LEED
AccreditedProfessional 1
ProjectTotals (precertificationestimates) 69Points
Certified: 2632points, Silver: 3338points, Gold: 3951points, Platinum: 5269points
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BASIX
BASIXorBuildingSustainabilityIndexisaschemeintroducedbythegovernmentofNewSouth
Wales,Australiain2004toregulatetheenergyefficiencyofresidentialbuildings.Itoffersanonline
assessmenttool
for
rating
the
expected
performance
of
any
residential
development
in
terms
of
water
efficiency,thermalcomfortandenergyusage.Itaimstoreducewaterconsumptionandgreenhousegas
emissionsby40%comparedtopreBASIX(2004)buildings.
BASIXisanacronymforBuildingSustainabilityIndex.Itwasintroducedbeforetheintroductionofthe
SectionJefficiencyrequirementssoitcanclaimtobethefirstrealmandatorymeasurableenergy
efficiencystandardforhomesinAustralia.Itdealswiththreespecificareasofefficiency:
1. Energyefficiency2. Waterefficiency3. Thermalcomfort
Itisawebbasedtoolforallhomeownersanddesignerstoaccess.Throughtheuseofthetoolitis
possibletocreatealistofefficiencyrequirementsforyourhomerelevanttotheactualclimatezonein
whichthehomeislocated.ThisensuresthatthehousedesignedforTheAlpineregion,forinstance,has
differentdesignprotocolsforthehousedesignedfortheNorthCoastofNSWwhichhasamore
temperateclimate.
OnceyouhavecompletedalltherelevantrequirementsunderBASIXusingthewebbasedtoolandyour
buildingdesigncomplieswiththeefficiencylevelsstipulatedforthattypeofhomeinthatspecificarea,
acertificateofcomplianceisissued.Onceyouprintthisoutyoumustthenproducethatcertificateto
theapprovalauthoritysuchasCouncilorPrivateCertifyingAuthority(PCA)togainyourconstruction
certificate.
Youcannotcommenceworkswithoutthatconstructioncertificateanditwon'tbeissuedunlessyou
havecompliedwiththeBASIXdesignrequirementsandcanproducetheappropriatecertificatethat
certifiesyourproposedhome'scompliance.
Inotherstatesamoresimplechecklistisissuedwhichensuressimilarresidentialefficiencycompliance.
IfyoufeelitistoodifficulttoensureyourhomecomplieswithBASIXoryouwouldliketomakeyour
homeevenmoreefficientorevenvalidatetheinterpretationsyouhavegainedfromBASIX,youcanuse
anaccreditedassessorwhocanundertakeathermalassessmentofyourhomedesignandprovidea
certificatecertifyingthatyourhomehasachievedtherequiredthermalcomfortandenergyefficiency
ratingsstipulatedundertheBCA.Theseprofessionalassessorsuseleadingedgethermalanalysis
software.They
are
trained
in
thermal
building
assessments
while
also
being
accredited
to
issue
the
thermalandenergycomponentsoftheBASIXcompliancecertificate.
Whileallstatesvaryslightlyintheirapprovalrequirements,outsideofNSWthereisaminimumenergy
andwaterconsumptionrequirementgradedbyastarratingthatallhomesmustcomplywith.InNSW,
BASIXsetsactualnumericalconsumptiontargetsyourhomemustcomplywith.
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TheoverallintentofBASIXisthatyourhomewilluse40%lessenergyandwaterthanasimilarhome
thatdoesn'tmeetalloftheBASIXrequirements.
KeyPointsaboutBASIX
BASIXsetsoneenvironmentalstandardacrossallNSWCouncilareas.
BASIXisoneofthestrongestsustainableplanningmeasurestobetakeninAustralia,deliveringequitableandeffectivewaterandgreenhousegasreductions
acrossthestate.
BASIXmeansnonewhomebuiltinNSWwillusemorewaterthanthecurrentstateaverage.
BASIXisfree,flexibleandeasytouse,allowinghomebuilderstodeterminehowtheywillmeettargetsfromawiderangeofoptions.
BASIXsetsclearsustainablehousingtargets. BASIXprovidesmuchgreatermarketcertainty
forsustainableindustries,suchasmanufacturersofsolarhotwatersystems,rainwatertanks,
insulation,performance
glass
and
stormwater
systems.
BASIXprovidesnewhomeownerswithbetterqualityhomesthataremoresuitedtotheirenvironmentandlessexpensivetorun.
BASIXissubjecttoongoingmonitoring:sinceimplementation,theDepartmenthasconductedamonitoringprogramof100BASIX
complianthomedesignsthatarenowinthedevelopmentapprovalandconstructionprocess.
Itemstonote:
Everyhomehasarainwatertank,theaveragesizebeing4,000litresandthemajorityofwhichwillbeplumbedtothetoiletandlaundry,aswellasprovidingwaterforthegarden;
1in4ofthesehomeswillhaveasolarhotwaterorheatpumpsystem; Over30%ofthehomeshaveincludedperformanceglassanddoubleglazing; Allhomesareoptingforefficientshowerheadsandtapfixtures,reducingwateruseandcosts; Eaves,shading,insulationandothersimpledesignfeaturesaremakingawelcomecomeback.
Examplesofsustainablehousingfeatures:
Rainwatertanks,plumbedtotoilet,gardenand/orlaundry Efficient(3A5A)showerheads,toilets,tapfittings Useofindigenousgardenspecies Greywatersystemwhereappropriate
Solar,
heat
pump
or
high
efficiency
gas
hot
water
systems
Efficientpoolheatingandpumps Goodsolarorientation Crossventilation Insulation Externalshading Performanceglazingforlargeglazedareasand/orpoorlyorientedareas Ceilingfans,evaporativecoolersorhighefficiencyairconditioning Energyefficientlighting
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Alternativeenergysystemssuchasphotovoltaics.
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SupportingMotion:HowcanGovernmentsinvolvementmakeGreenArchitecturemore
affordable?
GovernmentPoliciescanhelpinthistoagreatextent
Example:In
China
there
are
major
constructions
being
held
in
large
scale
consisting
of
tall
tower
buildings.Theconsofthesebuildingsareonceconstructedtheyblockthesunlightaccessforthesmaller
lowheightbuildingsadjacenttothese,whichnowhavetousemoreofmechanicalmeansforlight
access.Tosolvethisproblemthegovernmenthascomeupwithacompulsoryrequirementofchecking
onesMLPschemeinaparticularsoftwarebeforereleasingfortender.Whatthissoftware(apluginto
Autocad)doesistakesinputfromtheuseraboutthefootprintofthebuildingsandtheheightofeachof
these.Thefootprintoftheadjacentstructuresisalsodrawn.
Nowasshowninthepicture,itgivesvaluesoftheno.ofhoursthesunlightexposureidreceived
tothegroundinandaroundtheplotdevelopment.theminimumrequirementof2hourshastobe
fulfilledforeachofthebuildingunitfortheschemetobepassed.Thus,noexcessivemechanicalHVACis
toberequiredinanyoftheunits.
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ConclusionwithFivePointsonGreenArchitectureandtodaysEconomy:
1.EconomiesofScale:
Largescaleproductionmighthelpinreducingthecostofinnovativematerialsandgreentechnologies.
Itwouldalsomakeitcheaperforagreatermassofpeopletousethem.
2.Appropriate
Technologies:
ActiveandPassivemeansofgreentechnologiescanbeusedinsteadofexpensiveinstallationsinthe
nameofinnovation.
3.People'sawareness:
Itshouldcomefromwithineachoneofus,noonecanimposeitonus.Awarenessforgreenlifeand
sustainabilityshouldbeinculcatedinpeopleeventotheextentoftheirdaytodayliferoutine.
Theideatogogreenandimplementdesignmethodologies,formsandtechniquesthatmakean
optimumuseofenergywithinthebuiltenvironmentshouldcomefromtheusersownhabitand
consciencefortheenvironment.Thereisonlysomuchthatcanbedonethroughgovernmentpolicies,
rulesandregulationsbydifferentbodies.EvenwiththeavailabilityofequipmentsuchasOccupancy
sensorsforlighting,VFDsandVSDsforAir/Temperaturecontrol,theimplementationofthesameliesat
thediscretion
of
the
user.
The
practice
of
following
agreen
behavior
has
to
be
inculcated
into
the
lifestyleofpeople.
4.ExistingGreenRatingSystemsandunderstandingitsSignificance:Itshouldnotbedoneforthe
sakeofratingsandfororganizationstopublicizeabuildingandtogetrevenueoutofitGreen
architectureratingshouldbeamediumtousethemostofgreentechnologiesappropriatetothe
context.
5.GovernmentPoliciesandIncentives:GovernmentPoliciescanhelpinthistoagreatextent.
CertainlevelofincentivesintermsofTaxandrecognitionhelpalottoagreatermasstoadoptthis
greentheme.Andwiththegovernmentshelpcertaintechnologiesalsobecomecheaperandmore
availablewithitsintervention,thusmakingthesegreentechnologiesavailableandimplementableinan
economynot
supporting
expensive
developments.