REPOR T RESUMESED 015 473 48 AL 000 898GLOSSARY TO INTERMEDIATE HINDI.WISCONSIN UNIV., MADISONREPORT NUMBER BR-5-1288-3 PUB DATE 67

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INCLUDED IN THIS GLOSSARY ARE THE VOCABULARY ITEMS FORTHE READINGS IN "INTERMEDIATE HINDI." THE ITEMS ARE ARRANGEDBY SCLECTION IN SERIAL ORDER. EACH ENTRY INCLUDES NAGARI( DEVANAGARI) SCRIPT SPELLING, A NOTATION OF THE FORM CLASS,AND A SHORT ENGLISH GLOSS. THESE TWO VOLUMES ARE ALSOAVAILABLE AS A SET FOR $7.00 FROM THE COLLEGE PRINTINGCOMPANY, 453 WEST GILMAN STREET, MADISON, WISCONSIN 53703.(JD)

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GLOSSARY TO

INTERMEDIATE HINDI

Glossary To

INTERMEDIATE HINDI

Also available fromCOLLEGE PRINTING CO.453 West Gilman St.Madison, Wis. 537032 vols., 316p., $7.00

The research reported herein wasperformed pursuant to a contractwith the United States Office ofEducation, Department of Health,Education and Welfare.

1967

The glossary is in serial order and the first meaning

is in most cases the one appropriate to the context:

Abbreviations:

M masculine noun

F feminine noun

A adjective/adjectival

Adv. adverb/adverbial

P particle

PP postposition

Excl. exclamation

Expl. expletive

Conj. conjunction

Pron. pronoun

V verb intransitive

VT verb transitive

01(110

3.

F oxcart

village

F Malti (a woman's personal name)

F flute

F tune

house, home

door

song

VT to sing

F story, anecdote

servant

M. newspaper

news

wonder, astonishment

pool, tank

-iidgi M play, drama

'971tFi F heroine0

lir F Renu (a woman's personal'n'ame)

off F dress, costume

cIi M fair

3-4-4 F rubber

'II M a toy

q cIR M family

likgi M member

h.10 F parliament

411 cIc1i F poem

441 M lamp

vlell-II VT to light, to fire

41c1 F Deepavali, Hindu festival oflights.

T4A M picture. painting

At F mother

eico F sitting room, meeting

4)1r11 VT to hang

MT IA map

clalgil M heron

-61 F leg

ti 411.11

0

3

M foreign country

F book

F river

VT to lie down

M darkness

M fear

M guest

A alone

F boredom

V to be bored

M prize

V to dance

F folk-tale

VT to relate, to recite

joke, funny anecdote

MT F pea

trd M field

N1424 F bird

qem4e418TV to sing, warble

Q411 V to fly

71A-40 M coconut

.erqM tree

ahei N Akhil (man's personal name)

1-i< it (f4/1) M foreigner

/pit(. bM traveller

Tilt*? 41* ciltg14 F Fairy tale

fstLigHM childhood

Silbrr M darkness

i:Trfti F match box

ti<1 F water-jug

TA' M letter

41,19z4 IA acting

4119E1 40-11 VT to act

egielciF condition, state

IP A silent

Tti 3-K9T V to be silent

if F the rains

.q6.1f A ill VT to rain

-WI-if V to bathe

77-14M M Rajeev (man's personal name)

4d A sweet

lt-{ M peacock

1-11 V to run

11 M horse

1< --it V to falll1 M traveller

T:dt/4 well

115Kfir V to bloom, to blossom

tide! M rose

t-Tir VT to pick, to pluck

71)--ar1 N warehouse

a a N wheat

ift-09 F dampness

ll---4r VT to wash

TV91. V to be extinguished

Wfqq VI ship

t c;11 V to sink

WOci M fete, festival, merry-making

h9T V to laugh

011

0

V to cry

leave, vacations

F feast, party

M stage, dais

V to applaud

F light

M flower

V to wither, to fade

the gardner

F morning

V to jump

V to swim

14 lamp

the nest

PT M gambling

RI<P4 F liquor

Gpsio A ruined

NI-II M meal

trgi F study, education

7g1:1 ch<-II VT to complete, to finish

(pH F prayers, worship

t7 M thief

q) 0 F theft

4N Lmctio F investigation, inquiry

trar M address

411'0719 M session, meeting

WETRI F a girl's name

TRTIed M chairman, president

aira-

A silent, quiet

U-6 A V stand up, rise

541-1.1 N enemy

condition, health, state ofaffairs

M enthusiasm

8

4-

WWI V to quarrel, to fight

tAril V to read

tirel M hour

fq We M headache

Wcift F a string cot

A F eye

WTAtT A weak

171 Neil V to wither, to dry

4r44 A hard

.-id F work

ocilLill M business

WET M loss

We. 18141 A absurd

OPTO M means

AT1

VT to avoid

M stress, force, strength

VT to insist

F yawn

V to walk, to stroll

curtain, drapes

VT to lower, to drop

season, weather

9

iltiRe

sichOMI M post office

coqql A bitter, sour

q4 CI< M office

*-15 M burden

6101 A thin

14001 A thin, slim

NI lqi'll V plead

-ii 01 M breakfast, snack

611<t4

*1-1. M anger

14) d-11 V to tear, here, to burst

rilt F key

rciLir-ri F trouble, calamity

1-in4 M hill, mountain

M thief

ciicril M lock

-4-5-311.M purse

0

10

egq t? M India Gate

-TES M President

<lbad 1149 M Rashtrapati Bhawan(President's Residence)

1:1<1.11 NIT M Old Fort

W11-171 Adv, nearly, about

AM M mile

IlltErgi (gfog) M the west

ter44 ( etri--°)M the east

aTTUTTRFIT F foundation stone

*It F height

tre M foot

aJ'II4A pink, rosy, light red

TM M stone

f20 M memorial

.9411A first

MR9 la M world war

Rmq< 1 M fountain

RA q M martyr, dead for a cause

0 M soldier, soldiers

Wgi pi- A-9T V to be inscribed

In F grass

A-49 M lawn, field

0

11

F

N

statue, image, form

site, scene, scenery

12

qe

417 Tmu

TMU

Mire. A

4441 A

LIMO

Wit

1:FT Taff A

N

A

th;ir VT

F

.3q1-11 VT

AY'

,:s1c11(11

x4011 VT

"ere

ira 1.1T9' VyVi A

P

ass, donkey

full stomach

weak

forest, wood

to die

dead

a tiger, a lion

pleased, happy

to think, to consider

skin

to cover with

barley

watchman, a guard

to graze

belly

to fill one's belly with food

to bray

strength

"WM Adv. instantly, immediately

0

13

VT to cover with

F stick, staff

M spear

V to attack

14

WqT4.' A airy, baseless

01 M fort, castle

r4TiVr WIRT idiom to build castles in the air

TIM M a miser

-111-141 A called, named

415 F begging

4 it191. VT to beg

wr M flour, of parched grain

Hc.411 M a large earthen pot

F peg

111:9MI VT to spread, to unroll

Nctic.cti att.-II VT to stare

artTql M famine

OHM( V to earn

610 F a goat

WTI M birth

WIR aril VT to give birth to

Tffq F cow

'Art F buffalo

Et* F mare

15

-11 M gold

MI A four storied

CIc I F marriage

tr4 F wife

TR M son

td 011 t WI Z 01-11 V to creep, to crawl

airm-o F voice, sound

alTWO a rii VT to call out

1 dl <1'4,11 V to be busy, to be engaged

Vffal-11<11 VT to kick

Lts .-ir V to crack, to burst

16

*we

Tktzff ati7 eig

a it qf F sparrow

(sk< M monkey

zi F small branch

u1 qi m pair, couple

*191 V to be drenched

Ourqr V to shiver

qtfif A kind, compassionate

TIVITM anger, rage

7.TVIT 31191 V to be angry, to be enraged

.4firir V to shout

irPicl F audacity

Kgra-141 14 preaching, advice, instruction

311 a-II VT to preach, to instruct, to

Ti Aadvisestupid

qqr F welfare

tFcil F worry

eichcilt) F loquacity, chatter

c11ciltit.11 VT to talk nonsense

fd9C M straw, a bit of dry grass

f479T VT to scatter about

1

EI

l'a9-.T r9-'t rtsr() < rii

0

17

VT to destroy completely

18

ki >le

V

5T5iU(13h t-4qr

mongoose

< M body

.1:1ft F massage

cl)<-11 VT to massage

milk

ft-m9r VT to cause to drink

a -n F care

a ct.-11 VT to care, to take care of

ftir4RI M faith, trust

1411W1 VT trust

A animal, wild

nature

- cilt<1.11 M reason

loss

VT to hurt

F friendship

VT to leave

M tree

F shade

snake, serpent

0

19

M master

VT to save, to rescue

F fight

M to end, goal

M piece

M bravery, courage

A wicked, bad, vile

M anger

VT to overthrow, to knock

A poor, helpless

V to lament very much

A sad

M relative, kith and kin

20

aioNe

V

915P1 at17 11i -671

OJI M cheat

tik5P-11-1 M host, donor, sacrificer

7PR -IT M an animal which is slain insacrifice

filar F alms, charity

M goat

V to run, to run away

M shoulder

cliiql A strong robust

fre er 174 IR anr idiom mouth to water

FftzfRr VT to seize, to capture,occupy ,

kg41-44 M means

tWri M decision, judgment

ThRff cooli VT to decide

lrfil M dog

VT to load

ft .{q1.-11 V mock, laugh at

at Excl. 0! Oh!

anTi A blind

1/43 r1,( M answer

31< t91 VT to answer

to

1

21

1-11<lkT1 M a term of respect used forBrahmans, also Highness ,Excellency

47 F side, direction

AD-41. M calf

1411<1 A dear, beloved

V% M a religious or sacred treatise

(44 d A contrary, opposite

40411011 VT to rebuke

3RT9 M ignorance

5:91VT to touch

riTri M sin

0 d M person, individual

A- 9 r71-4-0-1 F confusion, wrong

fqw M idea, thought

0

22

Tim tiz Act

Te.PF F intelligence, sight

IrTr9TVT to occur, to be understood,

to appear

Q1-11 V to be spread

0011 VT to steal

TOt F alley, street

119 M wealth, money

14 ti Adv.-, silently

Ttrt V to enter

tilf101- M a merchant

dlItgd F noise, sound

u110111 V to awake, to get up

fi t< - xitt< M retinue, servants

T4101-0 A clever

F bag

iql< A intelligent, wise

0 0 F small room

GO. d F dialogue, conversation

rfflit F bee

tigel.11

honey

a bee-hive

V to shake, to move, to rock

23

t'Tf M sting

3' HR-11 VT to sting, to bite

zi4 M pain

cW.4.11 V to be in agony

PPWAT V to cry out

"el"q t Excl. oh! alas!

lit1:1 M neighbourhood

/49T M Police Station

0

24

%Twit VEIT* tr

Ion M king

VI TT M dream

ticiKfrii VT to be perplexed

We M to be upset

TrUirkf/q M king's family priest

VA" '1. WI cicA ciiqi M one who tells results of dreams

ifl-ft M astrologer

crt4R cti.-ii VT to give thought, to think over

dii4t1 tr Adv. with one another

4rd F catastrophe

TM M kingdom

VIIIT M life

A79 WI' M almsgiving

9`1T M city

Aitt-* Adv. wherever

1771 M crossroads

VI M a religious sacrifice

0 F sacrifice, offering

Afti *4--ir VT to sacrifice

3F9 M grain

*19 119 M wealth both in grain and coin

FTP '311

.....0-au.

25

M

A

A

F

A

VT

VT

A

A

M

M

V

F

F

M

V

V

M

F

F

M

A

A

store room

whatever is demanded

afraid

permission

accumulated

to gather, to accumulate

to comprehend, to conceive

covetous, greedy

greedy

excuses

almsgiving

to work for one's own end

ignorance

envy

a 'realized' saint

to seem fit

to greet, to join hands inentreatya section of time

opinion

request

human beings

gods

great

past

0

26

A present

A future

M knowledge

F kindness

A common, ordinary

F wisdom, intelligence

A pure, holy

VT to solace, to console

A able

Idiom literally, life to flow back

27

Mold M a title of Buddha

WO F black mascara

kIN M bull

far F direction, side

< IvII-IMI M royal palace

at rr9 M courtyard

tlziT WT9 -war -err it appeared that

all - ail. Adv. just now

WiFT V to fight

NM' * A several

<-il V to stare

4 l< viii V to roar

14q0.11 V to insist

1:19- a 7:19 Adv. here, to be restless

WR M doubt

ti <I A evil

t- 14 hundred

90 F subjects (of a king), progeny

114 M religion, also duty

151 M drought, dry

pr TIZT VT to starve

AT-0 M cloud

28

0

GI Hi V to hover

allaltatqdF rumble

qui F thunderbolt, lightning

414v-if V to thunder, to crackle

AilA like

ii'14 darkness

tit opt (ed-H) V to vanish

lt4F drop

0

29

WRH-1 Expl. 0 great one

'ii-ii V to give birth

al9A-4 A unusual, improbable;

agi MF, something impossiblemeaning

iir-01Z1 M future

.

tic1H F offspring

TIM- flidi M parents

alTW M respect, honour

4-1f M burden

T-41 A -if V to grow old

VOPHI V to depend for favors orcharity

W-4 A in the near future, soonquickly

0

30

WI 9chi Adv. as follows, as below

(-Re F kind, variety

OHO M lotus

C M human being, literallytwo-legged

14 giq M four-legged, meaning animals

ON M creature, soul

f4N-R. A uncommon, rare

17-01 A dirty

VUltirAdv. kindly, please

4-1clelel M meaning

1-1-1H1.4 Vi-91. V to have one's own way

Titq HUI it .17:4" .-Ii V to be engaged in merrymaking

741T F protection, safeguard

RIM M justice

Zgr-- dich Adv. rightly, properly

.-T M tax

aircittl M injustice

TRW-4 F capital city

HI F border

W qt-Olf V to immigrate, to settle

aTMIT M officers, employees

'Jr cbAdv. together

31

Lit-ti VT to be cooked

A ecil M lump

cqi A stiff, hard

31tPR7 A half cooked, half boiled

'JIM M householder

WW1' M city dwellers

Af2"-

pure

.13t-tF nature

f:1441-1M rule, regulation

trdt F crop, agriculture

W. ellV to be destroyed

gil F flood

1.0tiO F crop, harvest

$111ZW9 A lucky, fortunate

.

icild OV1 M crisis

41.1 M life

0

32

gar t:44-11

of M frog

Nell TIM M cobra

TIM co.-fiV to hunt

cfl-iel 'RMM lotus stalk

ik itd W41 V to cut into small pieces

FA F woman

qf' M control

" M man, malt, person.71

ihoijciF puppet

'HTA as much as, to the extent of

4 F status

4T-A tai V to have patience

0

33

ah- G(1

eilqRII0 M the emporer

ArTW M Birbal (one of the nine famouscourt ministers of Moghul kingAkbar, known for his wit andrepartee.)

dkfit M tobacco

IFflT M leaf

04) 44M satire, irony

Rin)1 cbti-II (cti-11) V to be sarcastic, to taunt

WITRT .V to feel embarassed, to be shy

34

AcfieR 417 CIAO

wrg

q<cli<M the royal court

F palm

1I(1M hair

Excl.tgett.iiiie a term of address for kings andemperors; lit., one who providesshelter or protection to the

1.12 Conj.world.

onj. since, because

klaHT V to grow

t ff< Excl. a term of address, comparable

q<cit M utoourStiferoroirouarkhinongour

* Adv. right away, immediately

FPI 1-Mli V literally, to rub the palmstogether, to regret, to feelfrustrated.

Ii-cit-cl A a little

0

35

arfq-i a117 c4<cirl

4

aftir

H)g'iM F list

() 07 ch<-11VT to prepare

1P111WF trouble, bother

314' - WRit A quite big

f4TWIT V to be enraged

3 ET-411T A right or wrong

aid- - lit A noble, gentleman

-441-q

F a kind of long reed to make ropes

01c11-11VT to cause to be brought (by

another)

'V F rope

Od.11 VT intwine

ft-1*. vimwr M Mirza Dopyaza (one of the ninefamous court ministers of theMoghus king Akbar)

"t11'eif VT to pass by

KRIFFIT VT to pick up

NPR"( VT to hand over

<1.1 "ii VT to be astonished

4I' 1OO1 ? Idiom what do you mean?

itM4191 V to be annoyed or irritated

36

611 *1- iIstr4

xi F rice and pulses cooked together

V toitiii F announcement

TO F winter

3l49.4 F Asharfee (a gold coin)

Ti-W-i.M prize, reward

TKa A great, severe

37 Licov-ii VT to be on way

31TRIT F hope

Traffn F pomp

tzfR M attention

eidi-ii V to distract

Air frt. Adv. somehow or the other

chic-il VT to pass time, to cut

46 ql< M guard

ih M bamboo

4 F kettle

e1cctli11 VT to hang

ttir- IR. A slow, mild

aim F fire

1f Le A constable, soldier, or amessenger

caciAfle tieiii-ici M His Imperial Majesty

37

Lilalel A mad

aft F heat

linit F pardon

RV 4,11'11 VT to beg pardon

feAT ci'-11 V to bid farewell

0

38

Eir,lt

W14'19151

M&A Chinese

China

neighbour

Buddhism

M acceptance, reception

V to adopt

A natural, innate

A religions

M leader

F search

India

history

importance

F factor, thing

F tradition

description

F polity, policy

method (way) of living

F help, assistance, aid

A famous

Fa-hsien (name of a Chinesepilgrim)

39

.tia.1041 M Hsuan-tsang (name of a Chinese

pilgrim)f..-44 tjtd frft M Chandragupt5 II (name of a

Hindu emporer)

fOrti A second

1414 I 311-9 M Chang-an (name of a Chinese city)

ttiFiF M Hsianfu (the western capital ofChina)

<OH; F a departure, a start, a settingout

cz1I-I1 -II V to start

ql Conj. namely, i.e., that is

VS' A half

t- AI whoever

cF.0<o11e M port

gl<1 Adv. by

NR9-7 M Singapore

Vii' .3Traftc PP in addition to, besides,except for

F-44 weR M airplane

Nt1-411Y1 M Hong Kong

.0.1-1 M Rangoon

ile* TII M Calcutta

TXP A central

VkizIT M Asia

441711 F a pilgrimage, a journey

7:IT AI Wi-91 V to travel

4"I PP with

ct1'c5,1T F trouble

0

40

M

A

VT

turned out to be such

purpose, aim, goal

complete, entire, full

to complete

41

Vtt ci F Sanskrit (language)

lireftl M connection, affinity, relation

TIPF11 t Adv. about

WIT F language

1* # Wrd F interesting point

Oft A living

3Vka M description

v04 T11:11F9T VT to consider important

.kittfl F culture

tfillsizi M literature

i4iti M topic, subject

icireicl 'Ir? Adv. about

RIT Conj. and

pitgiql A prosperous, happiness

A happy, well, gladPft

amg A general

WI ail M general public

WIT- M binding, restriction

Tr TM t" A absolutely, completely

alsird M absence, lack, deficiency

*II VT to plough, to till, to harness

allT4 F income

4-1

ditri0

TNT

(14411

HIHell

RII

42

M share, part2portion

farmer, peasant

M pleasure, happiness

party, side

system, method

case, affair, matter

A bodily

F punishment

M offence, sin

PP according to

M fine

M sedition

A ordinary

V to accept, to take for

14.&4. non-vegetarian

F onion

M garlic

Adv. everywhere

M a monastery

F quantity

a Buddhist monk

A

quarrel, dispute, controversytussleincluded, united

V to participate

43

-1--PM behaviour

sict Conj. but

VMaid M welcome, reception

'MN M Magadha (South Bihar)

1 4414 M inhabitant

97fl A free

elluiM medical treatment

alkgcliclM hospital

tj q M Europe

-1: t ft A free

-eff M year

leiftra A established

TaftId A it VT to be established

1,711-Ici<M animal

TffniT M traveller

*N-14.1F inn

unticit.p. M Pataliputra

I-II.-1 A great

aillt 1-1N-) M Ashaka the great

ire "-T * precisely the same

1:117, A present (opposite of'absent')

4111k4 M man, mankind

TT-4R M God, the Supreme Being

..9--

M Gautama Buddha

0

44

M place-of-birth

M Kapilvastu

M the Bodhi Tree

A deserted

M a sacred or religious book

a roaming, a wandering

V to travel

M Bengal

M Taamralipti

F Ceylon

M sea

ki 479T

-11e1g1

-I 01

-144 >iul

tc# chi< (M -11

Zia < ch< .41

45

F

F

A

VT

F

11/41

V

F

A

VT

A

VT

VT

M

PP

study

age, life-span

scholar, learned man

fame renown

gained, acquired, got

to gain fame, to be famous

Kashmir

scent, fragrance

sprinkling

to become known

copy

finished

to finish

Nalanda

university

mouth, face

serious

politeness

invitation

to accept, to admit

to refuse, to decline

Kamarupa

Kumar (man's personal name)

from (his side)

46

941K M kind, mode, manner

Vit 9411X Adv. in this (very) way, similarvariety

tAR1 F threat

ti1:4 -arT V&T to threaten

14 gi F army

14tqcfirif VT to be cause to capture

*mg M Sheelabhadra (man's personalname)

Wit4 F advice

tieue t9t VT to advise, to recommend

74-40 Adv. by force

rigqM order

TITI A-9T VT to order

!-1) -.1 Adv. immediately

allIff F command, order, permission

,c F sense, wisdom, intellect

OM a1T9T VT to realize

FT' M elephant

Tivffurfflq M chairmanship

gbitich A concerning, relative to

0

47

RA <1 M description, account

iTt44 A main, important, chief

VFW F branch

g1-1441-1 M Heenyaan (one of the two majorbranches of Buddhism)

HMt11-1 M Mahaayaan (the second majorbranch of Buddhism)

4<ci74 A dependant

-Edf F effort

fti F departure, farewell

ciqi 01-11 V to take leave

iclql 41<fi4 V to bid farewell, to dismiss

11-11 VT to cause to run, to impel,to dispatch

d'. A appropriate, reasonable,sensible

L

Pataliputra:

Kapilvastu:

Bodhi Tree:

Taamralipti:

48

an important city in Magadha or South Bihar,situated at the confluence of the Ganges andthe Sona (or Son). It was also called'Kusumpura' or 'Palibothra' referred to in

the classical accounts of India. It isidentified by some with the modern Patna.

Gautama Buddha's place of birth, situatedin the valley of Nepal.

the holy tree under which Gautama Buddhagained enlightenment, situated in Gaya.

capital of Suhma which lay to the west ofVanga (eastern Bengal). It is identifiedwith the modern Tumlook on the right bankof Kossye, which is same as the Kapisha044a of Kalidasa. In ancient timesthe town was situated nearer to the sea,and was a place of considerable maritimetrade.

Nalanda: Nalanda, Monastery-cum-university. It wassituated 45 miles south to Pataliputra.

Kamarupa: an important kingdom said to have extendedfrom the banks of Sedanira to the extrem-ities of Assam. It must have extended upto the Himaliyas on the north and theborders of China on the east, as it's kingis said to have assisted Duryodhana with anarmy of KiralIs and Chinas. The ancientcapital of this kingdom was Pragjyotisha

on the other side of theLauhitya or the river Brahmaputra.

49

Wadrkl

It Lird $1-49

rqhi M Dinesh (a Hindu name for a man)

<1-q1 M intention, inclination, plan

al 1610 M dome

Ifit M Sanchi

cif M Buddhist mound

1.11qd F construction, formation,composition

t tti PP like

cil 1 <ILI M viceroy

4 u1-11 F planning

oil 61-1111 VT to plan

-0-4 0 F outline

4'9 F giving, contribution

clItt:1 001 F architecture

xit$ M sign

41-4 F style

uirictiT F climate

f4qm T' VT to force, to compel

ZTIF<UT M materials, means

wed7fro M use, application, employment

#1 4-11e1 41011 VT to use, to apply

WM Vi-91 VT to keep, to obey

50

VC A intolerable, hard

'Pr A dry

YK1 A necessary

A in total, in all17Mold F cost, expenditure

79 M question

to< I M ten millions

aiftW A more

Nqg M expenditure

1,s1 M rate; account, reckoning

W1 F amount, sum

affq M one billion

q<*< e1 M Darbar Hall (Royal Court Hall)

t -11 14 corner

M dance

441 M room, hall

Tal' 447 M dancing hall, ball-room

sltq9 M food, meal

11)79 - r M dining hall

MN Adv. etc.

klChri M garden

1701 ill PI M Moghul Gardens

t, lit emphatic, 'yes', 'of course'

aTITI Wi-di F general public

51

. ti

3111-11

u1t4-II llren F famous mosque in Delhi

.1H I M creation, construction

r1H i cil.li VT to construct

W NMI M the Red Fort

rqr:ifffr M builder.

41Wul M Moghul emperor

1317141 M beginning

1317Tsi tn .11 V to begin

Hvil< M workman

31g M mason, bricklayer

01-100i1 M stone-cutter, sculptor

TT, Tr .e1-97 V to be completed

01 F literally, a line;here, a girl's name

zfrra A hundred thousand

W. M door, gate

wriwrT A square shaped

qicli.-1 M lobby

0Y M bricked pond

0--AM M area

141d M feet

Lich F stripe, line

52

tslOsK A equal

ITRI F stripe

-ff< F minaret, tower

WtM Adv. each, every

00 F small dome

lirF pinnacle, tower

VertitF small dome

H<H M marble

aiol-tectl 31T A octagonal

4-4 F stairs, ladder

'91-- F point, sharp end

11 M dome

Nid M title used for a greatman

f' M Muhammad (570-632 A.D.)

aratsT N remains

VI.-1 (.tt Kiii 4141.4) ) M the Quran

ql F beard

alTffq 14 head of a mosque, areligious leader

0

53

stj cl 4 rit <

t) ci 61 -11< F Qutut Mirar, a touristattraction near Delhi

3i9taT A rare, wonderful

-111*-11 M sample, example

1-W M name of a village nearDelhi

Trzl ftiel <1 M another name forPrithvi Raj Chauhan

az M ruins

'OW M the south

- t 'MGM (ATt) TY PP about

Rd M opinion, belief

rdit-0 m disagreement

wallia PP according to theopinion of

<1014d M warrior caste

afilM A last

we m emperor, paramount king

La 64i pl *FT9 M last of the Hindu kings

Tuy.49 .qf M a Moslem king

*is F call of a Moslem in amosque for prayer

Yet A correct

1 elufe4 - Taal M victory tower

Trq M form, taken

Iftil F story

54

TKI - *I M slave dynasty

4V41-441 M founder

Adv. againT9:

TArNIF M reconstruction

q11-11(1 M son-in-law

3-ffilalWitt M successor

RITti14-1 11 M a Moslem king

Tfir&" cj t Mt M a Moslem king

VIM M earthquake

Sitq M the British, English

0 M iron

trm 0-0 VT tq.match

giqf A ugly

3cK c11-1) VT to cause to remove

*Li ca F top, peak

vla Mil M ion railing

nictiqd F mixture

vri:d. F material, ingredients

- * Vire t PP from the point of view

tit M remainder

villl M part, portion

fiF. A diffe,..ent

Rlitict M ruler

MAT M base, foundation

!.13 HIcigl<

IOW

55

M circumference

A circuitious, winding

M balcony, eaves

56

tiR1

ufro< - Tra

TR-- I-Fci< M an observatory 1.11 New

DelhiT471 14 boy's name

Nal 0 M sky

vmptit A related, connected;M, relative

ttRuir F observatory

Wft VOTi M a Hindu king

ull F girl's name

30-9 M name of a city

FL instrument, machine

1117F metal

IT M defect, fault

ci) ti LI of A defective, faulty

liM N mortar, kneaded mud

1.1.71TM mortar, lime

airrquhR N invention

1:cr:A original

titM d 71-A M name of a planetarium

1247-47r V to deteriorate

31P1 A prominent, chief

VTI (V."1) M sun

Tat F motion, movement, speed

He1

aTrwm - 4-1si

0

57

A

A

A

A

M

F

F

A

Adv.

A

transverse, slant

diagonal

circle, orb

quadrant

round, spherical, cir-cularname of a planetarium

separate

name of a planetarium

sky, space

circle

celestial globe

knowledge, information

names of planetarium

names of planetarium

names of planetarium

knowledge, science,learningastronomy

unacquainted;M, strangerotherwise

useful

58

lit9

017.

M lie

M a Moslem gentleman

F hard labor, much search

Adv. at last, in the end

pay, salary

F habit

objection

F endurance, tolerance

VT to tolerate

F permission

F news, information

PP besides

F bone

V to get caught

F brick

V to carry a load

VT to cause a load to becarried

F grave

Idiom to die

VT to sigh

F daughter-in-law

-7-

Tim

aftzr Trd 4fi 4,c3 1/4311.11

0

59

F

Idiom

VT

F

VT

F

VT

F

Idiom

F

F

M

mother-in-law

to be very surprised

to bear, to endure

death

to distribute

tail

to wag, to shake

whinny, neigh

to show uncontrolledangerwalking stick

condition, term ofagreementa curse word in Hindi

60

U

1 4f1041:1 u11 .; #it ?

Htqlcik 7i1""Q iNka

Tea A appointed, fixed

!IA A 'II VT to be appointed,to be employed

tem Il M Calcutta

1:10-0 F help, assistance

rii t< M servant

k4Wd t M pundit, scholar

?RR F search, investigation

-21.7Q M the sacred scripture ofthe Hindus

WM II sacred book

4 cUl A pure, sacred, holy

ZIET9 FL resident of Greece orEurope

tl A willing

u-it *-rwir VT to agree, to be pleased

PUT "1'K 14 name of an Indian state

lieciflul 14 a term of respect usedfor Brahmins and kings

Wif A futile, vain, uselessof no use

ftiq tirdiExpl. an orthodox Hindu way of excla-

mation signifying disapproval;lit, the name of Hindu God, Shiva

Vr4qPIV F salary, pay

VIM DI greed

61

vum tr VT to tempt

7R9 M effort

flIKR A fruitless, futile, vain

orilnq A Tirt Adv. because of greed

Iltig9T V to arrive at a place

f Txm WR7ff V to decide, to fix

Tt1t M neighbor

cielqi M sole

sitc-ft M forehead

Wreir # afFI MR W aTripittiril Idiom to be extremely angry

tplomt F the Sanskrit language,the language of God

x4.-1i VT to sell

sKic4 F persons belonging to acommunity

011Rvi A expelled, excluded

W1 M water

ingar M acceptance

Atil - TOT* (4A.11) Idiom to expel someone fromhis community

tfflqi M courage

VA 'it-ii V to disappear

tA49 A principal, main

0 F seat of learning,here, seat

ricid41 M name of modern Nadiain Bengal

affittiT M acceptance, agreement

317 40011 VT to accept, to agree to

-c4 tt HI

62

VT to be perplexed

F failure

F hopelessness

F continuation

physician

F caste

A scholar of Sanskritlanguage

VT to accept

F offspring

Howra

suburb of Howra

concern, busines

society, community

boycott

sir, mister, term ofrespect

F the Hindu system ofmedical science

F medical treatment

VT to be treated

an M patient

en M part of a town or city

yen ( *Km) M neighbor god

patient

A helpless, forlorn

M name of a market inCalcutta

63

71=19A free of charge

TiM4 F palanquin, sedan

11-41tF riding, carriage

ziN Ter IExpi. remember:

ardsrq Adv. therefore

R)it01M profit, utility, gain

Wf F condition, term

wi6urqr (4T-i) V to put some conditionsor terms of agreement

1/4401(A generous, benevolent,

liberal

WWI M heart

milt 60t1 M large hearted, open-hearted

*or M bungalow

* M part or portion

tIVO F liking

40 'WO' VT to like

fiiM marble

ecilil VT to cause something tobe spread

tf ti

A entrusted

+10 F name of river Ganges inCalcutta

el* F wood

rer9T VT to remove, to push aside

%or - Arrr- M education, training

TitZT M morning

tor F time

64

flqd A prescribed, confirmeddecided, appointed

1 It HM order

t II 1-1 *9T V ordered

ti i-{ t9T (i'-T) VT to order

31T 1E F permission

aiNT A '-u V ordered, permitted

anti VT to permit, to order

li- F cow

Tit 4- -1K1 M beef

'r M ox

ywr - TIN M beef

irt< M wild boar, hog

ft< -*I DI pig-meat

!gyp "Cf91 VT to agree to, to confess,to admit

't---o-qr F planning, scheme

VI 11 M outfit

: WM M morning

TratilTh M name of an epic; here,difficulties

3111:1114h 7TRt: nominative form of the stem ofRama, generally the first thingthat is traditionally taught toSanskrit learners in India

WU M lesson

.RRIT F shelter, refuge

wur t--qr VT to take shelter

ttliMI M good fortune

65

Adv.*TM tr fortunately

ti R'iiii-1 A intelligent

'NJ I - A-0 M different genders,gender distinction

itzrr F verb, action, act

Wq M form

TIPTI A possible

ltr F noun; also conscious-ness

-arrowr F list

1415 - trui - WWII F system of learning

WW-M M curiosity.2 c.

'9T-a M drama, play

3rr9T V happen to mention

IA M book, volume, literarycomposition

airtT A rich

-lidtt trORT VT to stage a play

3Ti4E14 M wonder, astonishment,amazement

RWIle00 ($RTIRT9WrMIRIte000 VI a play written byKalidasa

Irm A charmed

13711 a..ii VT to be charmed

ITU M prose

1:10 M poetry

ITE1 - 1-ii4 WI A composed in prose andpoetry

OM P yet, nevertheless

a* 4.7 t9T Idiom to make one realize

66

t.,W - t-IMI Adv. for the first time

1/4f-1ld A developed, progressive

31-4-1U A rare, extreme, uncommon

Tm A intoxicated

18-1T101 F intoxication

.2d F praise, admiration, prayer

PaR M teacher

vi ffu1 A short-tempered

Zt-01 141-0411c9i F neighborhood school

Alt (WO F one time, one turn, also asection of a law

VT9 TY dii-11 V to remember, also tounderstand

d A difficult, complicated

* - TIM iitt M beef-eater

affirnq A impossible

T1T9 M respect, honor, pride

TIM tit (ck-11) VT to respect, to honor

Hell &id F rebuke, reproach, accusation

cle111 VT to ignore, to avert, to avoid

*fral M poetry

aX4R CRITM M rhetoric

(Rat, <UT M grammar

-9-414 A expert, competent, skillful

tArror M religious books

67

M

A

VT

M

A

M

A

A

VT

tt"

A

F

M

F

A

M

philosophy

sufficient, enough;Adv. adequateto study

practice

intense, deep

sin

slacken, relaxed

best

established

to establish

date

dear

Rajesh (man'sname)wife of elderalso, wife ofSaturday

personal

brother,a friend

tea

love, affection

with love

Afay (man's personalname)

68

areN

A

F

A

F

F

1,1

A

F

V

Cape Comorin

end

Cape Comorin

of gold color

dawn

sunset, the evening

land

marvelous

dry land

hill, rock

sea

Arabian sea

Bay of Bengal

ocean

Indian Ocean

horizon

pleasing, attractive

word

surface

as if

nothing but gold

to flow, to float

69

qicilci<UT M environment

IT A dark, deep

1.1141MT F a house for pilgrims

TERN F meditation

M temple, memorial

ciOcfriclkj ON M Trivandram, city in Kerala

131:11-1 A possible

LA tiHi F the night of the full moon

-Wig F truth

lti DI conch shell

TNT F necklace

t F sea-shell

cilVii VT to cause something to bewritten

0

70

kJ-len 1 t!

silt NAA displeasure, anger

-fit ivi TV to be angry, to be displeased

otitc1A busy

TRUrriF examination

sl.1tF diary

411.1M sentence

ti-A eitF female companion

A71:119M guest

-c4M1- WI F mirth, merriment

TireM park

RIA441-11NI canopy

All F creeper, vine

0311-ilVT to decorate, to ornament

.

t I shall A multi-colored

ki !.01FL sofa

'akaM wooden platform meant

for sitting

ar-rri F an Indian musical instrument

OM M musical instrument

ti-i. irrt A too much, too many

tar<NI ornament, jewelry

WO - IW F show, gaudy

Warqi V to descend

71

'RI F fairy, angel

Licril V embrace

Wq M beauty

-57fr - it amazed

cgmtd F marriage, procession

t113 M ban' music

cal M bridegroom

TM ralT A decorated

47 M headgear worn by Hindubridegroom

eR. i M flower strings worn on face byHindu bridegroom

igiti A healthy

MN A strange

F generation

<1 q F tradition

MO' M people comprising amarriage party

trif V to be surrounded

scl M Brahmin priest

Itg M Vedic text of hymn

q < HMI F garland given to the bridegroomby the bride signifyingher choice

MIT F bashfulness

q7:14 F radiance

end *-4 01411 Idiom to blush

VA 'Mill VT to describe

72

310:9-qA impossible

4:14A unequalled, exceptional

ti

beautiful womanrq

dinner

qqle M marriage

1 F altar

TitcH F bride

WWW9 M giving away a bride

*Tr M going round the sacrificial fireby the bridegroom and bride atthe time of Hindu marriage

aift9 F fire

vorn. F witness

Auri a VT to congratulate, tofelicitate

A soon

0

Rii d

cl<011

0

LerrerwromilmErallemmo...

73

A real, true, genuine

treasure, fund

M beggar

F desire

A rich, wealthy

A pauper

M treasure

diamond

jewel, a gem

M coin

Adv. below, under

Kuber(the Hindu God ofwealth)peace

VT to desire somethingstrongly which is al-most unattainable

A divine

A jewel, gem

A treasure

soul

VT to hide, to conceal

A hidden, concealed

74

'0c1

R101 la Id

Vuliaid M one who seeks and isgranted shelter

Wit< 14 business

TW:i F amount

1714 M road

4614 A rugged

treitifriA lonely

<1 M resting place for thenight

*er - 71 - "Or Adv. this place or that,someplace

"qt-4 F wife

1711T M fever

'ql-a F caste

iblarif VT hide

WI F earring

Rico PP besides

'47 M cattle

al-4FT7 14 behavior

414'11 F implore

1 A approved

Iter-tri Adv. secretly

Vii{' M refusal

M a man from KshatriyaWITTcaste

fi

75

Ritip-1M farmer

Oil VT to plough

WI M plough

Tr4 F small fort or castle

WIT M respect

043141 M symbol

lull M king

TrAlftifl itiril V to address him

4(400 A suffering from fear

TtrT M porch

;i1 PI hubble-bubble, hukkah

rT trif VT to smoke hukkah

P4.1(1 F request

-41" WEI via ie Idiom a small area

Wi M butcher

Ditii)Pwe. F beseeching, obsequious

ctel td( F hardness

UM V to appear

ferrffl F boldness, dare, audacity

RRui M shelter

9-01 F soft

MI M occupation

4f V to cling

V to moan

76

1ewi F the part of hukkah whichcontains the fire andtobacco

ilo bundle

HO1 V to shrink

WRIT M tobacco

lirff Adv. inside

31.1.1T M darkness

< icq( Aft- r Idiom we have our bread with

-ere 4-. ftusfor livelihood, in or

to feed oneselfRIXT M profit

tit xl M hesitation

nrQ F persistence

ellq4) A proper

OR M moment

litZ F early morning

tk co F wife

14-Id F condition

Wif V to be fatigued

Wtir Vkil<i M fixed signal

TM A torn

vni F quilt

dila Ftj co A visitor

AU M a form of address

lEP sign or respect

IOU F evening

77

VliffF hatred

trqt M indicator

101 V to touch

al.tr:A impure

cleiciR M sword

t AO ct .-1 I VT to purify

(cWti F argument

'41 F pain

12' d A angry

tring9 M guest

cbc,,c)1 A together

ziriftl P although

-0-0T M influence

alutga A unexpressed

tWcia M public opinion

111:00 A with wife

0 ttli VT ''. to curse

tre7 M duration of threehour's time

Teal A healthy

WA' F travel

'0.11 M to rent

T-I1-Ilt M cobbler by caste

tht e rif V to agree

tic A postponed

78

tiikt F shiver

all 4:41-1 M coachman

flioiti F sweetness

nielti * Tql. er in sweet voice

cg c- 'two VT to become very angry

tl6l( I M help

RIRTIT9 M lecture

"eq tr 1:1t1 9 Ftt wor Idiom unyielding

6 0 A unconscious

c c efrn VT feel with the hand

ti ci A safe

irrivr M remembrance

'f1R5 M obstinacy

A superfluous

*II M anger

WV F intention, desire

'In-dfOTEI M conversation

t an insulting form ofaddress

WIT M swear word, literallywife's brother

rT M big knife

awn Adv. without pretext

VI4 F bush

ecq, F bone

Wit F rib

79

VT to drive

root-il VT to hesitate

31W4 "R. GI el-11 V to speak with arrogance

cilqH1Q1M scoundrel

ta M throat

tilei<qR Excl. don't you dare

c' K6 M staff

11;rd Adv. immediately

17131M the yoke

'OR Adv. to the right

A'R Adv. to the left

311c04J1 M attack

HI cb M master

cff< Di concern

MI/ *1 WRT Idiom to be unable to speak

7#5. F knot

ici-P) A humble

00th Q GU< -IT VT to raise the staff

WU Adv. suddenly

ticii-li VT torture

chi .-11V to moan, groan

*Tit F skull

x4c4 Igi1 c..1, < A broken into fragments

TfU IR TRER- 41-11 Idiom not to be able to thinkintelligently

80

31-C9T V to place somethingagainst something

49 Adv. sharp

(18 d M professional tough man; literallyone who carries a staff

art7-4 1. ctpoif VT not to pay heed

VW1174V to threaten

< lafl < M traveller

fog-ii M destination

111 F chaff

atig F ashes

TillA angry and frustrated

To M treachery

fCtr ATM* Tird tI4111 A-RI Idiom to bear in mind

81

-07T F defeat

Ord F victory

-1q1 M debtor

OMIH A blooming and swaying

aiFfq M pleasure

ifitcl *9T V to achieve

1,1q9 M prayer

aiir FY-if M dedication

(sicricF9 A strong

4 M match

M area, region

VT to massage

VT to feed

F devotion

M respect

M affection

belongings

citizen

M temple

separation

F pain

82

aFgq A unbearable

10a F illusion

1:11-FPgrt F attachment

Tftfl A surprised

WtZIT F evening

oick M robber

41rd F fame

dqt1 ICI heart

alaT A impatient

agi* "WIT * Idiom I am fine (due to yourblessings)

we F desire

'EMI VT to pull, to draw

-9tur F praise

T4-q1 F gait

uft F beauty, picture

affta t -11 V carved

31 4u1 ra F wish

01414d A -it V to be present

arow M stable

Egg M pride

3114Eftl M surprise

Ate A good to look at, fancy

Ver5T A thousand

u%gt ate twit R t1 yl< I 'Err Idiom literally, hadn't passed beforehis eyes, never saw one like that

Ii

83

WEI M fate

t wrd PP after

crix.10M disturbance

.41T1 M children

H114.1 M human

.4iirF article, thing

ki.cit-il V to jump up suddenly

-FaR A -11 V to ride

cf13 al A as fast as a wind

WT:1 IR vrci 4--d-r Idiom to be very envious

alftATT M right

Atelq1 M physical strength, literally,strength in the arms

9RIMIT DI each moment

WWW A careless, careEree

Lt oli 9 til-11-11 idiom very pleased

cilObll F compassion, pity

till:19T VT to halt, to stop

altffileq M cripple

rg4 MF poor, helpless, troubledperson

qql ch<.-ii V to have pity

1,R40-11 M god

TIT cil<ril M to bless

VI-d-01 11T4 M step brother

WITI:1 F rein

84

Wdchl M jolt

0Hcb< Adv. straight

971 M fear

N1-41 M surprise

cif F disappointment

d F scream

JI H F neck

vek F request

WAWIT croll V T to decline

N ,s-df-si V to be heart broken

'WI M slave, servant

f4qq M subject

914wd ch<HI VT to disclose, to express

Te IT T unril Idiom to be very surprised

aKtill VT to fix, to pierce

t4d-11 F incident

17 14) Vil Idiom to turn away, to becomeindifferent

*13..

vi I V to echo

Wq NIA< M high ideals

tre tpl '4' Mg ftrO ko HI Idiom to be elated, to becomeha

Rfc11 4 Z or F linesppy

or wrinkles of worry, heremeaning signs or indications of

tru 1.4.1,11 or. Acta 41Ht V to be apparent, to comeCo sight

il".q * r4Irl F personal loss

Helikk4 M humanity

85

1h9Tq7 cti<-11 VT to dedicate, sacrifice

13i F night

304T M darkness

kie11d1 M quiet

ftHro-11-11 V twinkle

1.1-4-9.r V to bark

"VQ M sound, word

4141i1 F rein

4 IC.#41 M gate

Adv. wide

'.ii .11 VT to guard

iti1-1 M place

kilcI1r4 Adv. carefully

Ai' M tears

TIM i'-11 VT to complete, to finish

r F butaff

ti-11-1 M bath

4- tizErr< P after

10a 6) 'Ii V to be realized

Kariliff* A natural

trtz F intelligence

ON * wq F footsteps

6-1 6-11-11 V to neigh

'NTVkl M long time

86

9i iR ci

penance

A spotted

F cat

Adv. in the whole house

love

F son's wife, also, wife

F dislike

the maternal house ofmarried women

A first

F time

F father-in-law's houseof a man or a womanhusband

F mother-in-law

A beloved daughter

F girl

storehouse

F key

F a chain of gold or silverworn around the waist

F rosary

V to doze off

milk

V to be busy

W19

87

F life

F a small earthen pot

V to doze

ki<I F the cook

uFti F commodity, material

-1q1 < 0 A disappearing from view

Li<0.-11 V to know

Ilglt A difficult

TaRt F milk which is thickened by boil-ing it and mixing sugar in it

Ttlt F a small cup or bowl

Ve Wi. gall V to eat to the last morsel

Will F cream

;NO A vanished

*MI A decided

H VLII N entrenchment

Vefif A alert

TAT9T V to catch in a trap

4dx4<1 M a large cage

V41 M rat

ttecod A sweet

Pft A various

3-ri. 14 kind

449 M good food

fl-Trre 14 glance

ki<1

Gliqt1-1

88

A inflamed, active

distance

courage

V to increase, to grow

F scolding

A dry

food

F a dish made of rice milkand sugar boiled togetherpistachio nut

an almond

A-4T M dry fruits

3itt5T M to thicken a fluid byboiling for a long time

zmf M a gold or silver tissue

t4Licofrif VT to stick to

eM$ M shelf

W9 M betel leaf

ti-ii V to smell

BiWfq F a leap

ROI 14R-Fr V to leap

#iff M paw

w9'rte F with a clatter

3,11-60 F sound

1179 limit 474 Idiom to be bent upon murder

WTV4k171*"41kfitt Idiom to remove the root orcause of the problem

89

MT F murder

OH< F waist

OW- Vfl *91. Idiom to be ready to do a work

-qfq M trick

ziTT OK-if V assault

flAlA alive

tl-4-F early morning

tird F threshold

ftgiu-cqr V slide away

4I .I M heavy board

1-1d11-11VT overthrow

1.0k11-11 V cry out

Adv."R00-1-1 suddenly

13cfd,11 VT to be turned over

14 F maid servant

MI, F broom

Tfitt F kitchen

t1d1 F incident

TM M place

.2ct1-11 VT to bend

aluiTitt A guilty

ITIM F manner

at 371 Excl. 0! Rama (God)

ttga M priest

90

Wr9 er M9 aTIT Idiom to get relief

f-dr '411 TiziT Idiom continuous line

t9i< F shower

4 K F son's wife

4cticII.1 M dainty foods

t-0 F pot-belly

tITI M circumference

71)- A round

TItq - Ha 1 A very round and flabby

19 F moustaches

*Tr A white

tittr F weight of five seers.4 111 ItclIell M one who can eat five

seers of foodLit 41cId F council

qI c F grandmother

t-Illtrit F sympathy

9che. 41<'11 V to show

9-i-4 M hell

W511 M astrological almanac

'd cn:<d M auspicious moment, here,exact time

rF9T M leaf of a book

alOT M the letter of an alphabet

HIT ZIT WT M forehead

M countenance, face

91

c 1.41-ii V to frown

14Z M voice

Tilt< A sober

.0- par Excl. Shi Krishna, 0 God!

Ta: 'WP M early morning

5rillitcI M early morning

1117 A horrible

fAtiT9 14 prediction

arkr M tear

1LF01 F worry

aigrq-- A unholy

1:1T3' M reading; recitation

0 Ol M weight of a rupee

0:141-1 M weight

409 41 M the fourth (Iron Age) age

Mof Hindu mythologydeed

9FAT F faith

0 0 M weight

Or 1.4)K-11 Idiom eyes to pop

art -4rq t Excl. Oh: Brother!

41.1 M greed

Tifq M sin

1-111-01 M business

WRI F commodity

92

weight of forty seers

F lentil

chickpeas

sesame seeds

rilActi M salt

watt "et vi- wT VT she said almost crying

Tr M expenditure

711A M influence

74179 (71)M good merit

9FQ M dance

liTP fitli.11 Idiom to harass

ltd. F book

trz M foot

0

to be settled

M seat

time

M arrangement

to pant

to stagger

93

.46 Tim

vli-itid M crowd

WITSIT A ordinary

Wif A yellow

t tai dM a cluster of shrubs

m F limits

iciR or A special

'ctil-1171A only

ElL4E1(41-11 VT to knock

F fragrance

V to give out fragrance

A autumn

F vine

F petals

V to fall off

F garden

contact, touch

VT to present

VT to wait for

pride

M opening

M director

overture

94

ilftt sTITITIT

d A written

144-11 M message

istK-Vd1-1 (f F) M India

Amu N partition, division

3R M province, region

4)F a test, testing ground

fqf M mention

1Wf V97 VT to mention

q.-1 M London

f M bill

146(41A d (cffifrYa) F Parliament

F custom, practice, occasion

"q F community, nation

nation

Warit F sadness

Gtl A separate, apart

ail lt9T (411) V to become separate

F separationTqg41ricMei M family, dynasty

04 di rig' M Britain

SID M nation, country, state

Pft happiness, pleasure

95

9M M slogan

9137 (911.-11V T to raise slogan

alikd A last

al F bullet

U14410 F hope

040 0<-11 VT to hope

trecf9 "Scr-Cf9 M Indian Union

F trick, fraudulent manner

TO F checkmate

TO 0<iil (t91) VT to defeat

9TuRtet A unacceptable, disapproved, notliked

3lmitit9(40 M minority

0.cM< M denial, refusal

V-4"TT 400-11 VT to refuse, to deny

Wire A clear

1:114 M meaning

tr o M revolutionaryctit

Te(1469 M change

qra M untouchable

0 0 M stigma, spot, bad name

lj Re11-1 *1 F Muslim League (name of apolitical party)

litqr M deception, fraud

44 a ril VT to deceive

96

T.i -11 M election

Tf M right

"crifttcri4 A Pakistani

'1 M Islam

rrfl:ffl t t VT to join,, to be included

'411ft 41<-0 VT to unite, to annex, to include

-diT4fl F invitation

Mi er Adv. recently

HVg0 M religion, sect, creed

siqvictfril VT to cause, to change

diftg M fear, anything told to frightensomeone

V1.91c1 F untouchability

TM VI fear, a demon

4410.1 Adv. for example, for instance

arrk4r4 M aborigines

*----7 A indifferent, careless

q d< DI voter

tFUT A better

1:61 A fictitious, false

-Wm A false, untrue

WM F defect, evil, demerit, mischief

a1 <I4 14 imitation, following

3;rtp$104 4R9T VT to copy, to follow

-100 41<eli VT to copy, to imitate

[i]

40.011171.16

IJ

97

OTRTM M suicide

aiRETM chtril V T to commit suicide

F the month of June1.9

4)-

r41Fff A mad, insane

fq0 M

afreH M

affell .4RIT VT to begin, to start

WI a suffix used in the sense of'having the form of '

quit NI M an elephant in Hindumythology

tieciii M support, help, assistance, aid

tir4R1 X)1-91 VT to take help, to take shelter

1R-51:1 M strength, valour, might

V44 F fat

t M God

01011.4 M slave

F trouble, poverty, a tightsituation

'1R M sea, ocean

Phulia clItgli VT to love

VT -AR M household

RIB Od F mischief, wickedness

smr A -ii ( efrigil ) VT to be good, to be gentle

Sikh, belonging to a religioussect and a follower of Guru Nanakbeginning, start

98

VFT91' (ems) VT to demolish, to ruin, to destroy

c1V1 4M temple dedicated to Shiva

tl HI-1 V9' V to be proud of

ij o gRi M Sikh temple

qi-0-11.11VT to bury, to entomb

6,,,.

e,, +-IN VT Hcf 1<1M Tomb of Humayun, second Moghul

King

HT< rit .-ifVT to beat, to blow, to strike

to brawl

'vim F life

ii-Ocif co<-11 ( it9T) V to sacrifice

41TM M courage, enthusiasm

Fh-qr arm'. (wrir) VT to feel courageous

eqd-ii V to get out of the way, towithdraw

lia F century

H. d PP by, through

Wed F military

V411,1 M man, mankind

tfitil 491 Idiom to suppress one's anger

44 M modesty, virtue

ticifrilVT to lose

4 M man

TWO A cowardly, timid

ssit4N F bravery, boldness, courage

fiV Vqg t< -it Idiom to ruin or destroy one's prestige

61egiS A brave, bold, courageous

1T9

H)

RA R) tsp-ki

99

F

Idiom

F

A

VT

A

A

F

F

F

VT

N

VT

dignity, glory, prestige

to keep oneself pure

weapon

complaint, complaining

Christian

Gukha (an inhabitant of a partof Nepal)a protector, guard, rescuer

eater, devourer

gentle, noble

tc be gentle, to be noble

feasible, possible, probable

wrong, untrue, false

the month of September

the evening

prayer

assembly, meeting, gathering

verse of the Quran

objection, to object

objector

opposition

to oppose

100

VT to request

A personal

M disturbance

F civilization

unhappy, sorrowful

A helpless

VT to be compelled, to be forced

A indivisible, undividable

M part, portion, limb, body

F non-violence

F look, glance

F argument, debate

VT to argue

A delicate, fragile

press

M statement

press-release

world, universe

M truth, virtue

A extensive

VT to avert, to reverse, to bringback, to changepride, arrogance

behaviour

F abuse, rebuke

101

lira. t91 VT to abuse, to rebuke

*TR M slap

IEFER cialfrif (4-11<-11) VT to slap

3 k#1('.1b1 q M portions of the differentbranches of the Vedas

TIFORM A moving

T6.4 F earth

Alm A movable, moving, mobile

RIZIT F illusion

fit cti F stability

lra A-ff VT to grow old

17XAM F old age

RA< ti, cgir V to die

qicif M claim, challenge, suit

41c) t ilm cw.-11 VT to say something with fullconfidence

an -t - aN in one day, overnight

dlliqctici M beginning

cleNti M development, evolutionexpansion

rcomti *till VT to develop, to expand, to grow

1)74 M patience

Vii' Cum A--ir) VT to determine

rAil F violence

ai' M pressure, the iron hook withwhich elephants are driven

.9)6 M subjugation

ar-114 A ignorant

are ec -11

<-11

102

A

F

F

VT

A

A

VT

VT

F

M

M

A

M

Adv.

VT

guilt, sin, fault

eternal, perpetual, primaeval

Arabic

hatred, dislike

to hate, to dislike

rude, boorish, indecent

ruined, distressed, abandoned

to be ruined, to be distressed

to ruin, to destroy

peace

the month of October

a spinning wheel, Charkha

association, Weration

Association of Spinning WheelWorkerindustry, effort

Association of VillageIndustrieshint

central point

other

planet

around

to go round

103

A

M

M

M

M

F

A

M

A

A

VT

M

VT

VT

V

M

Adv.

A

M

Adv.

A

F

depending on; M, dependent

village, country

wheel, discus

flag

Sudarshana Chakra, name ofVishnu's discussign, mark, memorial

restless, perplexed, in abad conditionastronomer

scientific, technical

proved

to prove

shelter, help, asylum

to patronise, to give shelter

to take shelter, to take asylum

to be effaced or erased, to bedestroyed, to cease to existartisan, craftsman

blanket

etcetera

profession

scattered, distrubed

loss

according to this, in thismannerhigh, lofty

government

104

F

M

M

M

F

A

M

M

M

V

M

F

V

Adv.

M

M

VT

M

manure

filth, dung

cow-dung

junk, filth

goodness, excellence, quality

aromatic, fragrant

association devoted tountouchableseducational association

rich man, a merchant

to assist, to be a partner,to helpa state governed by villageofficialsfoundation, base

to assist, to be a partner,to helpall right, good

result

a descendant of

to frighten, toto threatenadultery

Yadu*

horrify,

J

j

0

q61-11

t HI<

wet

awtivirci

105

tit a qd

M

F

A

A

A

M

V

M

V

A

M

M

F

F

VT

M

F

M

A

Indian

will, testament, also,heritageso much

colloquial form of

even the smallest

repayment

to be revered, to be worshipped

class, status, grade

to be burdened, here, to beoverwhelmedworthy

colleague

Arabic plural ofmeaning gratitude, obligation

Negative oflack of success, failure

traditional formalities

to perform, to discharge

cremation

bone, here, ashes

Allahabad (a city inUttar Pradesh)handful

106 r

AtIT Wi Vs'-11 VT to save, to preserve

ON ch M connection, relationship

41491 F semtiment, feeling

citi -Ii F the river Jumna

ela ifcl M attachment

kel<Tk.f< f F tradition

<11614 ITRIT F myths and legends of thePuranas

f1 M epoch, age

Yzi ONO AR1 V to become part of

AT" A racial, relating to theIndian community

V`Ifld F memory

4.141TW9 M songs of triumph and victory

1.4<-1u141 F defeat

4t Adv. below

9 0 M symbol

3:gaff-O. A rich, fertile

17-17 *a- 4 A stretching far and wide

M shadow

A gloomy, sad

"tifq< F coverlet, sheet

t--1.111 A mysterious

enff A slow; adv., slowly

.11 M bosom

1-1./11.1 F memory

107

-11qiii< F memory, memorial

ufull< F chains

Octlif VT to grip

Ire. SFe1'1I V to divide, to createdissension

VO M pride

Rliiiql< A great, dignified

3WfrAT4TR" M inheritance

f4R-Rid F inheritance

fliefilieil M chain, continuation

A immense, limitless

.W9 F respect p...

airffur F desire, wish

ki, dF fulfilment

"sA WII F homage

tte. M gift, proffer

q<ORd F request, petition, application

TlegtOiR M ocean

$iirl F ashes

*1 cl tii V to become a part of

0

108

F

F

A

F

M

M

meanness

force, strength

impossible

life, vitality

narrowness

poison

tm tr rEfR

Tiar M pride

1 H A ancient

spq A grand, imposing

'MN F wealth

MR F soul

1 F window

TT til< A far and wide

71G1 A fresh

WI-Ma A invigorating

1r vici PP towards, for

arREit A astonishing, surprising

RITO F strength

1731.A twofold

109

airdik A inner

Vitt F culture

:i, (loci -II V to blossom

eite4 A external, outwardly

oil c1 M stream

dil qi-I M presentation, contribution

aimAcw cot.-t( VT to incorporate

kW-a F capacity, capability

-g-0-01 A strong, fierce

iciejtcl t% it V to disappear

9tificil F wisdom

alig-gl M untouched

kikt rffli A cultural.

t-WFqc1 M assimilation

0

*Rip cl

Adv. often

ardta M past

cc M element

FETff F distinction

9qi1l VT to accord, to present

'1:KA A important

qtrte doubt

9('0141 F genius

110

IV$71179 Aell V to materialize, to achievea form

WiTiq M appearance

k:kti M the origin and the stream

9 Nift wq tr Adv. in some form or another

WWII A uncommon, unusual

WM M time, period

74% Adv. before, ago.

W9kIltIRUT M masses, general public

TION A alive

VW A strong

Mit ld A alleged

fOrzl M subject

31fi M critic

d64.1 M fact

'kW Adv. only

ei) t %UT F mass education

aWirq M lack, need, scarcity

tiftrifri M result, consequences

RAti A various

Atfort F dialects, speech forms

TfOrd A prevalent, current

We A limited, narrow

el M region, area

ct4 eq -11 V to predominate

111

'qriM groups

rAtitka ecI.-tiV to be divided

tiP-11F0A general

Ig Ea ITNF background

0

til-flulc110 M socialism

T."?.A. fanatic, rigid

Witi914 support

ti<ti<F government

1:07"- 749A omnipotent

13F1,1Adv. generally

WriF wish, desire

f*iz 41< iiiV to depend

afg A economic

q r coN DI decentralization

vi e Adv. undoubtedly

%ti.fid14 steel

3 4-1)-71M industry

WRIRT VI factory

Vecti 1 cliF cooperation

301-17M basis

fit"' M control

VIV4r4t A orthodox

A practical

112

14

14

F

A

F

A

14

V

experience

manner

opinion

each one

progress, advancement

similar and equal

opportunity

to be available

F Bengali

F Tamil

A better

point of view

A only

Adv. possibly

A entire

A better

A forceful, lively

A other

F circumstance

A suitable, appropriate

113

41-0D1 A regional

Trig-S F prosperity, affluence

kfaf-lclf F richness

el 4-11- VT to impose

t-rulcir F ease

Iii-1 A deep

u1II-1chi< F knowledge, familiary

VicRAI 0< .-if VT to acquire

0

WEIR Tgrar

LiRui-v-it(Wq Adv. as a result

-0F1 M clash, conflict

4 M war

(1W1-1 even so

11:A19 M science

41 A new, modern

f41K1 M art, skill

Ovticl A higher

rd M standard of living

ff F art

0

t40-1 M downfall, decay

114 F mention

114

f'4ffl tmoici till4M economic imperialism

-4114M capitalism

RAW F system, arrangement

inu A best, foremost

eimcl Adv. at any rate, situationas it is

TO9P4 A best

-011141M inclusion

0

PREFIT VT to teach

ItAftYq M representation

wrileT A-V it is apparent

3111AWT F need, necessity

9461 F progress, advancement

zlreM messenger, a carrier

TirstrffA serious

TeR44M mystery

WM A -11V to be aware

''iff M thinker

0

115

Tur4

irkg Tro

tiP M Paush, a winter month

TMT t"--eq1 Idiom to get rid of

$fIT F a swab, a broom

MT. Cla Hill VT to sweep

.-IIVT to turn

ffl(i1) M blanket

NT M a pasturage

3112"44M A uncertain, dubious,undeterminate

T41T F state, condition

ftg tR- zimr Idiom to be very near

1 F a reprimand, rebuking

vzal v61 0-11.11(t91) V to reprimand, to rebuke

wor tr even though it may becatastrophic

ANT F trouble

iird - WiW:i A big, massive

'ft M body, bulk, figure

q A near

pill-10 F flattery

tRIII-lo cmrii VT to flatter

aite c1 011 Idiom to look with angry eyes

flt1 F alms, charity

116

AT# F a kind of tax levelledon land

Qt431 F crop, produce

HI- F labor, service

-ARalT9T Idiom to be deprived of, toabstain from

Itt ($t) YHRT Idiom to frown

cfi01 A loose, soft

iFq M truth

9141131 A awful, terrible

W:d-aM beast

- 4t Otfb PP like

ZITOT M a small recess in a wall,a niche

aggr Adv. this time

tilt F threat, awe

11;14Pif VT to cast something intofire

vre.chtfe.w somehow or the other

WI M step

1:Itc1cti M head

tic' F poverty, humiliation

k.1),(1 F sugarcane

u(14 F unbrella, shelter

T4711 M a small cot

411%1 M a thick and hand wovencloth

M companion, friend

t,.1, C4 ( t.31 0-1i) F /M the knee

117

13 T11 M straw of paddy

(rj cliM a sweet dish

I.171F fried bread

71T4tF grandmother, mother's

motherp imri.t VT to wag one's tail

tEf M long

Wit F. yawning

4-419 M dog

tiegqiiiil VT to rub gently, to caress

oust 'et AT9T V to die

7t4 A/F derogatobly word for widows;here, a swear word

'31T F/A the westerly wind

I' M fun, pleasure

MT M mat tress

f2itgiW' M coverlet, quilt

4-M11 F power, ability

1 j yK M access, reach, entrance

F fate, destiny, luck

F specialtyT4Tiff M ditch, hole, pit

ssitqleil V to be amused, to bediverted

9tictic-ii rail A overflowing

uli M paw, claw

1*1 F breath

118

*E19 M shiver, quiver

cticie. F sleeping on the side

fm M demon

9r4 F chest, breast

Ei Lititifrfi VT to pat, to tap

ire F body

S* F bad smell, stink, stench

141-10-11 VT to embrace

tifq--A A holy, pure

Titi F smell

aillfr- A undivided

cti-i< 01 F readiness, alertness

am A wounded, offended,injured

. tr-A F friendship

afTM an atom; here, each

fiberalTairtn F friendship, alliance

IlAtr M blast, puff, gust

(1`UA insignificant, petty

1114110-if VT to coax, co fondle

3R1:119 M to make a kissing sound

worm V to jump, to leap

Sri M cold, winter

tawFr VT to ignite, to set ablaze

TM M blood

119

ATFif V to be frozen

tiri4 F an artery, vein

IkIg 11 a group of seven stars,Great Bear

'R R TIt4 t e.0 W at a stone's throw

MIR M mango

WW1 M autumn, here, fall ofleaves

GM i,If VT to gather, to collect

cill-H1 V to warm oneself, to heat

aireT F a kind of cereal orpulse (citisus cajan)

itrtir M plant

WWI VT to pull out by the root

*j Vic-II Taff A burning without flames

'QM M dried cowdung used asfuel

*NT M a small garden

ct0 A vigorous, warm

.kci-eRflo F consent

.1 tl A cruel

tr-49 M wind, breeze, air

TO9T VT to trample, to stamp

ah F dew

c4icilr11 V to drop

Alkt F myrtle

1,31, RI F scent, odor

Me-40 F odor, scent

120

f .11r qeli VT to squeeze

.arT M heap, pile

J10-11 V to be frozen, to bedissolved

* F the flame of fire, thelight of lamp

ar-Orq M bonfire

alla A boundless, endless

.1 ctliF boat

Hticicif 7311. A obstinate, refractory

q F double sheet

Mal0 F the armpit

eleictiirit V to challenge

arall A boundless, endless

trDF the tail

zgrr F medicine

zift93-rft F heap of fire

VW A distressed, nervous

M the eye

Oqd F the flame of fire

P14' A around

+J.-IT-1Hr V to hum

affni M laziness

/V M flock, herd

VIN F antelope

.9tV9T VT to pinch, to scratch

121

M illusion

A warm and pleased

damp; here frost

A difficult, invisible,unthinkable

M total destruction

A firm, strong, ripe

A pinching, piercing

VT to scrape

VT to heat, to boil

ruin

F idleness, inactivity

VT to fasten, to bind

V to enjoy, to sit idle

ruin, destruction

H III F a small hut, a poor man'shouse

trt4 F boundary, an oar

<Iql tgr (TAT) A trampled, crushed

A lying on the back,supine

HOU v1l4' F rent paid for land

0