renewable sources of energy1

7/27/2019 Renewable Sources of Energy1

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Renewable Sources of EnergySlide Compiled by:-

Arpit Kapoor

Anil kumar Yadav

B.Tech 4th year

Department of Electrical Engineering


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Specific Questions

What are the current and projected Indiaenergy (fuel + electricity) demands.

How the demand of Electricity currently being

generated ? In the future ? What contribution can Renewable Energy

make to future fuel and electricity needs ?


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How are the energy needs supplied ?


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Present Energy Resources

Fossil fuels - coal, oil, gas are all of limitedamounts. Cant be replaced.

Nuclear fuels -limited amounts of uranium fornuclear fission reactors but reprocessing offuel possible.

Difficult to estimate how long these fuels willlast - but is it sustainable economically orenvironmentally?


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Sustainable Situation

Renewable energy resources are beingreplaced / generated at the same rate that

they are being utilised.

Hence they will last indefinitely.


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Renewable Energy Generation in India


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Types of Renewable Energy Sources

Solar Energy Solar Cells

Solar Panel

Solar Roof Tiles

Wind Energy

Tidal Energy

Bio Mass

Geothermal Energy


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Solar Energy

Solar Panel

Solar Heating

Panels/Passive

Solar Power Generation Solar Cells / Photovoltaic

Cells

Solar Cells

Convert light into a small

electrical output -mill watts

output. Need a bank/array of cells

for useful output.

Cost of cells is high but

reducing. Efficiency of cells is up to

23%/ improving.


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Solar Panels

Are situated on roof of

building.

Absorb heat in the form ofradiation from sun.

Basically system is like a

domestic central heating

radiator paintedblack/insulated.

Provides topping up of

domestic hot water.

Solar Roof Tiles

Roof mounted

solar panels (Solar

century)

Integrated solar tiles

installed by Solar Century

on a current development

in Milton Keynes by English

partnership and Bloor

homes.

Innovative SunSlates

installation by

Solar century for Liang

Homes


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Wind Energy

A wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from thewind into mechanical energy. If the mechanical energy is used to

produce electricity, the device may be called a wind

generator or wind charger.

Each wind turbine can produce between 1/4 and 2 MW of electrical

power.

Wind farm needs to be located where there is a relatively high

average wind speed.

Advantages?

Disadvantages?


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Off-Shore Wind Turbines


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Hydroelectricity

Currently largest source of electricity fromrenewables.

Needs guaranteed supply of water.

Kinetic energy of water rotates turbines whichgenerate electricity.


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Tidal Energy

Located at some coastal sites - usuallyestuaries and bays with large tidal range.

Shape of coastal site above and below sea

level determines range e.g. Bay of Bengal. At high tide reservoir of water is created

which is allowed to flow through turbines

located in dam. Expensive construction.


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BIOMASS

Biomass, as a renewableenergy source, is biologicalmaterial from living, orrecently living organisms. Asan energy source, biomass caneither be used directly, or

converted into other energyproducts such as biofuel.

In the first sense, biomass isplant matter used togenerate electricity with steamturbines. Examples includeforest residues (such as deadtrees, branches and tree

stumps), wood chips andeven municipal solid waste. Inthe second sense, biomassincludes plant or animalmatter that can be convertedinto fibers or other

industrial chemicals,including biofuels. Industrialbiomass can be grown fromnumerous types of plants.


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Geothermal Energy

Geothermalelectricity is electricitygenerated from geothermalenergy.

Technologies in use includedry steam power plants, flashsteam power plants and binarycycle power plants.Geothermal electricitygeneration is currently used in

24 countries

while geothermalheating is in use in 70countries. Estimates of theelectricity generating potentialof geothermal energy varyfrom 35 to 2000 GW. Current

worldwide installed capacity is10,715 megawatts (MW), withthe largest capacity inthe United States (3,086MW), Philippines,and Indonesia.


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Electricity Demand in India-slab using

2005 ,2015,2030.


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