renewable energy in india

Benoy Paul Jose

Chennai Business School

10/01/2010

India Em‘Power’ed.

CONTENTS

1. Indian Energy Policy

2. Threats/Challenges

3. Renewable Energy –

� Solar Energy

� Wind Energy

4. Conclusion

Indian Energy Policy

–

Solar Energy

Wind Energy

For four years prior to the onset of the global downturn, India had averaged

close to 9 per cent annual GDP growth. However, the country’s ailing infrastructure

network for power remains a major constraint in sustaining this high growth rate. To

eliminate poverty, India needs to grow at 8-10 per cent a year for the next two

decades, which entails energy consumption growing four to five times. This opens a

wide road for investment in this sector. The main source of power that India is

banking on is hydro, thermal and nuclear energy. The challenge before the country is

to give priority to global concerns on climate change, even as it meets the surge in

demand that accompanies a high-growth path. This opens the way for better

investments in the wind, solar and other renewable source of energy.

The main objective of this study is to capture the opportunities and scope of

renewable energy sources and its application in India. The government long term

plans on this front is also covered. This would help to have a better understanding of

the investment opportunities in India.

India needs to grow at 8-10 per cent for the next two decades if the country is to

eliminate poverty. This will require our energy consumption to grow four-to five-fold.

Our power capacity has to increase from around 170,000 Mw, including captive

plants, to 800,000 Mw or 1,000,000 Mw by 2030. With the full development of

hydropower, an optimistic nuclear development scenario and improved availability of

natural gas, we will need around 500 million tonnes (mt) of oil products, 200 billion

cubic metres (bcm) of gas and around 2,000 mt of coal by 2030. This compares with

an oil consumption of 133 mt, gas consumption of 37 bcm and coal consumption of

about 525 mt (Indian coal equivalent) in 2008. Even with the nuclear agreement, the

nuclear capacity is not likely to reach more than 100,000 Mw by 2030. Our import

dependence may grow as high as 90 per cent for oil, 30 per cent for gas and 30 per

cent for coal. We can reduce this by promoting energy efficiency and renewable

resources.

The fast growing Indian economy with its energy needs increasing exponentially over

the past few years has put immense pressure on the existing power infrastructure. In

recent times the Indian government has realized the gravity of the situation and has

shifted its focus to the power transmission and distribution sector. A key part of the

overall power reform strategy is to relay power effectively and efficiently from regions

of surplus to deficit areas and load centres. The government is pushing ahead

aggressively with its plans to build a national power grid. This is expected to ease

peak-time shortages and make better use of available generating capacity.

INDIAN ENERGY POLICY

The energy policy of India is characterized by tradeoffs between four major drivers:

1. Rapidly growing economy, with a need for dependable and reliable

supply of electricity, gas, and petroleum products;

2. Increasing household incomes, with a need for affordable and

adequate supply of electricity, and clean cooking fuels;

3. Limited domestic reserves of fossil fuels, and the need to import a

vast fraction of the gas, crude oil, and petroleum product

requirements, and recently the need to import coal as well; and

4. Indoor, urban and regional environmental impacts, necessitating the

need for the adoption of cleaner fuels and cleaner technologies.

These trade-offs are often difficult to achieve. For example, the supply of adequate,

yet affordable electricity generated and used cleanly is a continuing challenge

because expansion of supply, and adoption of cleaner technologies, especially

renewable energy, often means that this electricity is too expensive for many

Indians, particularly in rural areas.

Post 2009-10, with the global recovery, India is expected to attain and sustain its

pre-2008-09 growth rates (8-9 per cent). However, infrastructure inadequacies could

prove to be a major constraint in sustaining this high growth rate. To overcome this,

an ambitious programme of infrastructure investment, involving both the public and

private sectors, has been developed for the 11th Plan (2007-08 to 2011-12) period

by Government of India.

Progress in the power sector, with electricity shortages of around 12 per cent (peak

load) and 11 per cent (base load), will be one of the key determinants of future

growth. This has been recognised by the government. As per the government’s

estimate, the power sector is expected to attract around Rs 7.25 trillion in investment

during the 11th Plan period (around 30 per cent of the total $581.68 billion projected

investments in infrastructure by the Planning Commission in the 11th Plan period).

The continuous and steady efforts from the government towards initiating reforms

and liberalising the sector culminated in the following measures:

1. Unveiling of the Electricity Act 2003: The Act brought about several

structural and regulatory reforms designed to foster competitive markets,

encourage private participation and transform the state’s role to that of a

regulator. It set up autonomous state electricity regulatory commissions which

were to develop rules on open access, rationalise tariffs to progressively

reflect cost of supply, reduce cross subsidies, institute strong anti-theft

provisions and protect consumer interest. Electricity trading was to be

recognised as a separate line of business.

2. Increase in efficiency: Efficiency in the generation segment was increased

through introduction of super-critical technology to upgrading the existing

Transmission and Distribution network and penetration of commercial energy

in rural areas to improve the performance and reach of the power sector.

3. Foreign investments: 100 per cent foreign direct investment is allowed in

each segment of the sector [excluding atomic energy] through the automatic

route.

These initiatives have gradually galvanised the

sector and heightened interest due to the enormous investment opportunity.

Transmission

Transmission of electricity is defined as bulk transfer of power over a long

distance at high voltage, generally of 132kV and above. In India bulk

transmission has increased from 3,708 circuit kms in 1950 to more than

165,000 circuit kms today (as stated by Power Grid Corporation of India). The

entire country has been divided into five regions for transmission systems,

namely, Northern Region, North Eastern Region, Eastern Region, Southern

Region and Western Region. The Interconnected transmission system within

each region is also called the regional grid.

The transmission system planning in the country, in the past, had traditionally

been linked to generation projects as part of the evacuation system. Ability of

the power system to safely withstand a contingency without generation

rescheduling or load-shedding was the main criteria for planning the

transmission system. However, due to various reasons such as spatial

development of load in the network, non-commissioning of load centre

generating units originally planned and deficit in reactive compensation,

certain pockets in the power system could not safely operate even under

normal conditions. This had necessitated backing down of generation and

operating at a lower load generation balance in the past. Transmission

planning has therefore moved away from the earlier generation evacuation

system planning to integrate system planning.

While the predominant technology for electricity transmission and distribution

has been Alternating Current (AC) technology, High Voltage Direct Current

(HVDC) technology has also been used for interconnection of all regional

grids across the country and for bulk transmission of power over long

distances.

Certain provisions in the Electricity Act 2003 such as open access to the

transmission and distribution network, recognition of power trading as a

distinct activity, the liberal definition of a captive generating plant and

provision for supply in rural areas are expected to introduce and encourage

competition in the electricity sector. It is expected that all the above measures

on the generation, transmission and distribution front would result in

formation of a robust electricity grid in the country.

CHALLENGES/THREATS

The measures taken by the government, even though are for a better future, has

many hitches on its way to implementation. The governance in India is a major issue.

The wide and avid geography of India makes the task even more cumbersome,

especially when it comes to transmission and energy theft. Lack of skilled manpower

too is a major issue. Other issues investors would make investors vary are:

1. Slow pace of reforms:

Though various reform measures like the Electricity Act 2003, the National

Tariff Policy, etc, have been put forth by the government to provide an

impetus for growth in this sector, progress in implementing these measures

has been slow. For instance, in the six years since the Electricity Act was

enacted, only 16 of the 29 states have unbundled (as of August 2009). Also,

open access in T&D is yet to pick up significantly. This leads to a high level of

uncertainty for investors in the sector.

2. Dominance of financially weak state entities:

The power sector is dominated by state-owned entities. These vertically

integrated state utilities or State Electricity Boards (SEBs), many of which

have been unbundled as required by the Electricity Act, account for around

half of the country’s existing generation capacity, around 60 per cent of its

transmission network and around 95 per cent of its distribution network.

These entities have been plagued by bureaucratic inefficiency and political

interference for decades, which have led them into huge losses amounting to

Rs 610 billion, as of 2007-08. These losses have accumulated over time on

account of the subsidies provided to agricultural and household consumers,

and coupled with very high T&D losses (almost 26 per cent, as of 2007-08),

have long kept tariffs out of sync with costs. This causes uneasiness amongst

investors about payment for the electricity they produce, whether it will be

timely, if ever.

Other Notable points include;

� The tariff structure The tariff structure is defined by the consumer

class and a cross-subsidy structure is used to subsidise domestic and

agricultural users. The higher rates paid by industrial consumers are

insufficient to cover the subsidies provided. This, together with

collection inefficiencies, further augments their losses.

� Timely payment Though investments in power projects are backed by

long-term power purchase agreements by the SEBs, the SEBs’ ability

to make timely payment, if any, for their purchases still remains an

area of concern.

3. Land availability and procedural delays in project implementation:

Every power plant requires a large amount of land. Companies sometimes

face agitation from local residents. Typically, delays are common in

hydropower projects, where land is identified based on the availability of

water, and dam construction and evacuation of local residents become

critical. Further, investors also have to go through all the relevant clearances

from government agencies, such as environment, forests, etc. These are

dealt with by different ministries in the central government, whereas land

acquisition and related matters are a state concern, which prolongs the

process.

4. Shortage of fuel availability and infrastructural bottlenecks:

While reform-based challenges are gradually being addressed, a more

immediate concern for investors is fuel shortage and fuel-related

infrastructure (port and rail) bottlenecks which threaten delay in the

implementation or operation of power generation plants. In mid- November

2009, of the 78 coal-based power plants in the country, around 26 power

plants (33 per cent of the total) had critical stock levels (less than seven days)

with 14 of them (18 per cent of the total) with super-critical stock levels (less

than four days). In addition, related infrastructure bottlenecks, whether at the

port or in the railways, further delay the timely availability of coal. This failure

to arrange and transport the requisite fuel supplies has threatened the

smooth functioning of coal-based power plants and postponed the building of

several others.

These issues are expected to prove a hindrance in

driving investments in line with the government’s expectations for the power

sector.

RENEWABLE ENERGY

A report launched by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) indicates

very impressive trends for India's renewable energy sector. According to the report,

'Global Trends in Sustainable Energy Investment 2009', India's renewable energy

investment grew by 12% in 2008. With an investment of $3.7 billion in just a single

year, India's renewable energy sector appears well on its way to meeting the

ambitious target set by the Indian Government in the 11th Five Year Plan. The plan

aims for the sector to grow to $19 billion from 2008 to 2012, with renewables making

up 20% of the 70,000 MW of total additional energy planned from 2008-2012.

This is extremely positive and will bolster India's global leadership in the transition to

clean, renewable energy. Renewables (including hydro) already account for 34% of

India's current Installed Power Capacity (if nuclear power is included, then 37% of

India's current Installed Power Capacity is "clean"). India is currently ranked fifth in

the world in terms of its wind power generation.

India has a high solar insolation

given surface area in a given time

India. Much of the country does not have an electrical grid, so one of the first

applications of solar power

four to five million diesel powered water pumps, each consuming about 3.5 kilowatts,

and off-grid lighting. Some large projects have been proposed, and a 35,000 km²

area of the Thar Desert has been se

generate 700 to 2,100 gigawatts.

equivalent to one-eighth of India's current installed power base

In July 2009, India unveiled a $19 billion plan to produce

2020. Under the plan, solar

mandatory in all government buildings in

government aspires to ensure large

both grids connected as well as distributed and de

commercial energy service

National Action Plan on Climate Change, with plans to generate 1,000 MW of power

by 2013.

With about 300 clear sunny days in a year, India's theoretical solar power reception,

just on its land area, is abou

over India varies from 4 to 7 kWh/m2 with about 2,300

year, depending upon location.

consumption. For example, even

modules, it will still be thousand times greater than the likely electricity demand in

India by the year 2015.

Solar Energy

high solar insolation (a measure of solar radiation energy received on a

given surface area in a given time), providing an ideal combination for solar power in


applications of solar power has been for water pumping; to begin replacing India's


grid lighting. Some large projects have been proposed, and a 35,000 km²

area of the Thar Desert has been set aside for solar power projects, sufficient to

generate 700 to 2,100 gigawatts. If fully implemented, solar power would be

eighth of India's current installed power base.

In July 2009, India unveiled a $19 billion plan to produce 20 GW of s

Under the plan, solar-powered equipment and applications would be

government buildings including hospitals and hotels.

to ensure large-scale deployment of solar generated power for

connected as well as distributed and decentralised off-

ervices. India is all ready to launch its Solar Mission under the



out 5 PWh/year. The daily average solar energy incident

over India varies from 4 to 7 kWh/m2 with about 2,300–3,200 sunshine hours per

ear, depending upon location. This is far more than current total energy

consumption. For example, even assuming 10% conversion efficiency for PV


sure of solar radiation energy received on a

, providing an ideal combination for solar power in


to begin replacing India's


grid lighting. Some large projects have been proposed, and a 35,000 km²

t aside for solar power projects, sufficient to

If fully implemented, solar power would be

20 GW of solar power by

powered equipment and applications would be

cluding hospitals and hotels. The

scale deployment of solar generated power for

-grid provision of

ready to launch its Solar Mission under the



The daily average solar energy incident

3,200 sunshine hours per

This is far more than current total energy

assuming 10% conversion efficiency for PV


XITH PLAN PROPOSALS FOR NEW AND RENEWABLE

ENERGY-

RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR URBAN, INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS:

While solar water heating, solar passive architecture industrial waste to energy, and

MSW-to-energy have attained a fair degree of technological maturity, their greater

deployment and diffusion still requires subsidy in order to make them

affordable/viable. Focus on deployment in these areas is proposed to be continued

during the 11th Plan through the following components:

� Solar passive architecture

� Solar thermal systems / devices

� Energy recovery from urban wastes

� Energy recovery from industrial wastes

� Akshay Urja Shops

� Renewable energy /solar /eco/ green cities

Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission

The National Solar Mission is a major initiative of the Government of India and State

Governments to promote ecologically sustainable growth while addressing India’s

energy security challenge. It will also constitute a major contribution by India to the

global effort to meet the challenges of climate change.

Based on this vision a National Solar Mission is being launched under the brand

name “Solar India”.

� Importance and relevance of solar energy for India:

1. Cost: Solar is currently high on absolute costs compared to other sources of

power such as coal. The objective of the Solar Mission is to create conditions,

through rapid scale-up of capacity and technological innovation to drive down

costs towards grid parity. The Mission anticipates achieving grid parity by

2022 and parity with coal-based thermal power by 2030, but recognizes that

this cost trajectory will depend upon the scale of global deployment and

technology development and transfer. The cost projections vary – from 22%

for every doubling of capacity to a reduction of only 60% with global

deployment increasing 16 times the current level. The Mission recognizes

that there are a number of off-grid solar applications particularly for meeting

rural energy needs, which are already cost-effective and provides for their

rapid expansion.

2. Scalability: India is endowed with vast solar energy potential. About 5,000

trillion kWh per year energy is incident over India’s land area with most parts

receiving 4-7 kWh per sq. m per day. Hence both technology routes for

conversion of solar radiation into heat and electricity, namely, solar thermal

and solar photovoltaics, can effectively be harnessed providing huge

scalability for solar in India. Solar also provides the ability to generate power

on a distributed basis and enables rapid capacity addition with short lead

times.

3. Environmental impact: Solar energy is environmentally friendly as it has

zero emissions while generating electricity or heat.

4. Security of source: From an energy security perspective, solar is the most

secure of all sources, since it is abundantly available. Theoretically, a small

fraction of the total incident solar energy (if captured effectively) can meet the

entire country’s power requirements.

� Objectives and Targets of the Mission:

The objective of the National Solar Mission is to establish India as a global

leader in solar energy, by creating the policy conditions for its diffusion

across the country as quickly as possible.

To achieve this, the Mission targets are:

o To create an enabling policy framework for the deployment of 20,000

MW of solar power by 2022.

o To ramp up capacity of grid-connected solar power generation to 1000

MW within three years – by 2013; an additional 3000 MW by 2017

through the mandatory use of the renewable purchase obligation by

utilities backed with a preferential tariff. This capacity can be more than

doubled – reaching 10,000MW installed power by 2017 or more, based

on the enhanced and enabled international finance and technology

transfer.

o To create favourable conditions for solar manufacturing capability,

particularly solar thermal for indigenous production and market

leadership.

o To promote programmes for off grid applications, reaching 1000 MW

by 2017 and 2000 MW by 2022.

o To achieve 15 million sq. meters solar thermal collector area by 2017

and 20 million by 2022.

o To deploy 20 million solar lighting systems for rural areas by 2022.

Sl.

No.

Application

segment

Target for

Phase I

(2010-13)

Target for

Phase 2

(2013-17)

Target for

Phase 3

(2017-22)

1.

Solar

collectors

7 million sq

meters

15 million sq

meters

20 million sq

meters

2.

Off grid solar

applications

200 MW 1000 MW 2000 MW

3.

Utility grid

power,

including roof

top

1,000-2000

MW

4000-10,000

MW

20000 MW

Government policy-

The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) have initiated schemes and

incentives like —

• Subsidy

• Soft loan

• Concessional duty on raw material imports

• Excise duty exemption on certain devices/systems etc.

The central government promotes the installation of solar water heating

systems through a soft loan scheme being operated through the Indian

Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd and banks. Soft loans at 2%

to domestic users, 3% to institutional users not availing accelerated

depreciation and 5% to industrial/commercial users availing depreciation

are available. Interest subsidy also provided, besides a 5% rebate on

property tax. Capital subsidy is available for installation of solar water

heating systems to registered institutions and commercial establishments.

The development of wind power in India began in the 1990s, and has significantly

increased in the last few years. The "Indian Wind Turbine Manufacturers Association

(IWTMA)" has played a leading role in promoting wind e

relative newcomer to the wind industry compared with Denmark or the US, a

combination of domestic policy support for wind power and the rise of Suzlon (a

leading global wind turbine manufacturer) have led India to become the coun

the fifth largest installed wind power capacity in the world.

State

Tamil Nadu

Maharashtra

Gujarat

Karnataka

Rajasthan

Madhya Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh

Kerala

West Bengal

Other states

Total

Wind power accounts for 6% of India's total installed power capacity, and it

generates 1.6% of the country's power.

Wind Energy



(IWTMA)" has played a leading role in promoting wind energy in India. Although a



leading global wind turbine manufacturer) have led India to become the coun

nd power capacity in the world.

State Installed Capacity

(as on March 31, 2009)

Tamil Nadu 4301.63 MW

Maharashtra 1942.25 MW

Gujarat 1565.61 MW

Karnataka 1340.23 MW

Rajasthan 738.5 MW

Madhya Pradesh 212.8 MW

Andhra Pradesh 122.45 MW

Kerala 26.5 MW

West Bengal 1.1 MW

ther states 3.20 MW

Total 10,254 MW


generates 1.6% of the country's power.



nergy in India. Although a



leading global wind turbine manufacturer) have led India to become the country with


Leaders in Wind Power –

Ranking Country Installed Capacity

(end of 2008)

1 USA 25,170 MW

2 Germany 23,903 MW

3 Spain 16,754 MW

4 China 12,210 MW

5 India 9,587 MW

6 Italy 3,736 MW

Total World 121,187 MW

The short gestation periods for installing wind turbines, and the increasing reliability

and performance of wind energy machines has made wind power a favoured choice

for capacity addition in India.

Suzlon, an Indian-owned company, emerged on the global scene in the past decade,

and by 2006 had captured almost 8 percent of market share in global wind turbine

sales. Suzlon is currently the leading manufacturer of wind turbines for the Indian

market, holding some 52.4 percent of market share in India. Suzlon’s success has

made India the developing country leader in advanced wind turbine technology.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that wind energy will reach 1,100

GW of installed capacity and meet 9 per cent of the world’s electricity production by

2030. In India, the onshore wind potential itself is in the order of 65,000 MW. Given

our long coastline, the off-shore potential is very large too. For India, wind power can

address two long-term strategic objectives: (1) energy security — wind power can

meet 10 per cent of our long-term energy requirements; and (2) climate change

response — with close to zero emissions, it can help abate 2 per cent of our carbon

emissions by 2030. Both these objectives have long-term positive impacts for our

economy and we must act today to make this a reality in 2032.

With an installed capacity of more than 10,000 MW, wind energy dominates the

renewable portfolio mix, taking up about 75 per cent of the overall installed

renewable capacity in India. This makes a significant contribution towards combating

the effects of global climate change, avoiding annual emissions of almost 15 million

tonnes currently.

Factors that have contributed positively towards wind sector

growth:

1. Fiscal incentives like accelerated depreciation and feed-in-tariffs for the wind

sector made it popular amongst investors looking for new ventures. There

has, however, been some criticism from various quarters that despite the

installed capacity being close to 10 per cent of the total generation capacity in

India, actual generation remains quite low. This can be attributed to capacity

getting installed at relatively low-potential wind sites and inadequate O&M

measures. In this context, the generation-based incentive scheme announced

by the government is a step in the right direction. It will incentivise generation

and result in higher efficiency.

2. The renewable purchase obligations made it mandatory for state utilities to

procure power from renewable sources like wind. Many state governments

have come out with wind power policies that allow for wheeling, banking and

third-party sales.

3. Wind power is much closer to grid parity, the point at which it becomes

competitive with grid power, when compared to other renewable technologies

like solar. Given the rising cost of conventional fuels, the high power deficits

prevailing in the country today and the relatively shorter gestation period for

wind power projects compared to conventional power projects, various states

are now keen to promote this power source.

4. The emergence of Indian manufacturing players like Suzlon has catapulted

India into the league of major wind manufacturing countries. A manufacturing

base in the country provides the capabilities for long-term scalability and cost

efficiency of wind power in India.

While the progress made by India is very encouraging, there is

still a large untapped potential from onshore as well as offshore wind farms which

needs to be harnessed. This calls for a renewed effort from all the stakeholders

involved to address certain key challenges facing the wind sector.

Key challenges facing the sector:

1. Wind Sites- The most important challenge is access to good potential wind

sites. With good wind sites becoming scarce, there is intense competition for

the remaining sites. Moreover, the process of acquiring land itself is quite

cumbersome and leads to inadvertent delays. In contrast, it needs to be noted

that once constructed, the actual turbines in a wind farm occupy only about 1

per cent of the land area taken by the whole development. This means that

agriculture or other activities can continue right up to the base of the turbine.

Therefore, minimising cumbersome procedures to facilitate speedy

implementation is the need of the hour. As a special case, the government

needs to step in and clearly define criteria or guidelines for land acquisition

and rehabilitation specifically for the wind sector.

2. Regulatory uncertainty - There have been instances in the past of state-level

policies that have undergone change during the course of the project life.

Moreover, wind energy due to its unpredictability cannot be forecast or

scheduled, unlike other conventional fuels. This limits the possibility of trading

wind power. The guidelines relating to trading and transmitting wind power

need to take this characteristic into account.

3. Huge Investments - Strengthening the transmission grid to accommodate new

wind power capacities requires investment and needs to be done with priority.

The regulatory framework at the state level to develop these capacities and

share costs between wind power generators and other grid users needs to be

balanced and equitable. Suitable mechanisms to fund these investments,

such as for example a cess on conventional generators or large consumers,

should also be explored so that the state transmission utilities are not

overburdened.

4. Domestic R&D capability - needs to be strengthened. Offshore wind farms are

the next big thing to happen in the wind sector. There is a lot of research

happening in this area globally. A report by ODS-Petrodata estimates that

global offshore wind capacity could reach 55 GW by 2020, up from the

1.5 GW installed currently. Given the enormous

cannot be a laggard on

leadership role in research efforts. The first step in

set up wind monitoring

To

alternative energy source for India from the

energy security and as a response to the call for action on climate

2050, according to IEA estimates,

100 million tonnes of CO2. That would be a significant contribution

CONCLUSION

The government of India has

country. They have woken up to the harsh reality that t

sufficient in order to be competing with the developed economies.

economy is run by power segment;

sector than any other.

The government is already

segment via subsidies, loans

another subsidy for the segment,

development of this segment.

Copenhagen Climate summit, where India has been dragged to cut emissions by

atleast 20% by 2020.

The increase in investment into

necessary emissions cuts that

at a faster pace. Thus no longer can any

filled’ growth.

1.5 GW installed currently. Given the enormous size of the opportunity, India

cannot be a laggard on this front. India needs to be proactive and take a

ship role in research efforts. The first step in this direction would be to

set up wind monitoring stations to assess the offshore wind profile of

o summarise, wind power has great potential

alternative energy source for India from the perspective of both long

and as a response to the call for action on climate

2050, according to IEA estimates, wind power could help India abate up to

tonnes of CO2. That would be a significant contribution

India has very ambitious plans for the power segment in the

have woken up to the harsh reality that the country has to be self

in order to be competing with the developed economies. T

segment; hence more importance should be given to this

s already supporting the ventures in the renewable energy

loans and grants. Recently the government has declared

for the segment, which is an effort to give multiple

development of this segment. This move is widely seen as an effect of the

n Climate summit, where India has been dragged to cut emissions by

nvestment into the renewable energy segment will bring about the

cuts that India is required to do and also will drive the econ

no longer can any ‘super power’ put a halt to India

size of the opportunity, India

this front. India needs to be proactive and take a

this direction would be to

stations to assess the offshore wind profile of India.

, wind power has great potential as an

ive of both long-term

and as a response to the call for action on climate change. By

wind power could help India abate up to

tonnes of CO2. That would be a significant contribution indeed.

very ambitious plans for the power segment in the

he country has to be self

The engine of the

hence more importance should be given to this

g the ventures in the renewable energy

the government has declared

rt to give multiple impetus to the

move is widely seen as an effect of the

n Climate summit, where India has been dragged to cut emissions by

the renewable energy segment will bring about the

will drive the economy

put a halt to India’s ‘power

References –

www.reuters.com

www.en.wikipedia.org

www.mnes.nic.in

www.wwindea.org

www.ieawind.org

www.business-standard.com

www.business.mapsofindia.com

www.finance.indiamart.com

www.sparta-ventures.com

www.planningcommission.gov.in

renewable energy in india

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