renewable energy facilities at closed landfills siting and installation considerations january 19,...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Renewable Energy Facilities at Closed Landfills Siting and Installation Considerations January 19, 2010 Briony Angus, AICP Dana Huff, P.E. Tighe & Bond,](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f295503460f94c43502/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Renewable Energy Facilities at Closed Landfills
Siting and Installation Considerations
January 19, 2010
Briony Angus, AICP
Dana Huff, P.E.
Tighe & Bond, Inc.
Westfield, MA
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Overview
■ Several types of renewable energy technologies that can be applicable for both closed and active landfills:
Wind, Solar, LFG2NRG, Others
■ The focus today will be on Wind and Solar applications■ Siting considerations for wind and solar■ Benefits of locating renewable energy projects at
landfills■ Benefits of a fatal flaw analysis■ Installation considerations■ Turbine and solar foundations■ Cap disruption considerations
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Renewable Energy Siting - Picking your site is picking your fight
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Siting Considerations
■ Proximity to Source■ Proximity to Grid■ Access and Staging■ Sensitive Receptors –
Humans, Wildlife and Natural Resources
■ Zoning
Loudville Road Landfill, Easthampton, MA
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MA Wind Resources – Proximity to Source
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MA Wind Resources – Proximity to Source
MA Department of Environmental Protection Landfill Profiles: http://www.mass.gov/dep/energy/landfill.htm
Includes information about facility ownership, operational status, acreage, wind speed, distance to nearest
electricity transmission lines, and more.
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MA Solar Resources – Proximity to Source
RE-Powering America's Lands initiative: Web tool to search EPA tracked sites with Google Earth:
www.epa.gov/renewableenergyland
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■ Blade throw■ Fire■ Tower collapse■ Ice shedding■ Noise■ Flicker
Potential Wind Energy Siting Concerns
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Potential Wind Energy Siting Concerns, Cont’d
■ Access■ Construction/
Installation■ Federal Aviation
Administration■ Telecommunications
Interference■ Avian/bat impacts
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Potential Solar Energy Siting Concerns
■ Land Clearing■ Aesthetics■ Wildlife/
Endangered Species■ Hazardous Materials
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Renewables on Landfills
Large parcels with few site owners Critical infrastructure often in place Adequately zoned Provide an economically viable reuse for sites with significant cleanup costs or low real estate development demand Takes the stress off undeveloped lands for construction of new energy facilities
Siting renewables in Massachusetts is challenging – Landfills can provide
opportunities
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Evaluating a Site
Components of a Fatal Flaw/Critical Path Analysis
Site Reconnaissance Local, state, federal permitting requirements Zoning Access, construction, staging requirements Preliminary wetlands, wildlife, rare species evaluation Cultural resources Interconnection
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Critical Wind Installation Considerations
Critical considerations for wind turbine installation:■ Access roads need to allow the turbine components
to access the location (s)» Maximum grade = 10% or less» Turning radii needs to accommodate the blade,
tower and nacelle trailer trucks» Installation cranes are very large and need to
access and set up immediately adjacent to the turbine
■ Staging area adjacent to the turbine location (s)■ Impacts to the landfill cap, ground pressure
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Installation Considerations (Cont’d)
Foundation considerations: Landfill cap configurations Landfill Thickness Subsurface Materials
Soils:Till/ClaySands/GravelOrganics
Bedrock Solid Waste:
MSW C&D Urban Soils
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Turbine Foundations
■ Gravity foundations- Most Common
■ Relies on gravity (weight of footing and soil above) for stability
■ Rock anchored foundations are suitable when bedrock is near the ground surface
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Turbine Foundations
■ Deep foundations are used in soft or loose soils, suitable for landfill applications
SEA Consultants
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Solar Foundations
■ Rigid frame installations for fixed or tracking panels require a stable surface with proper orientation. The PV film applications can actually be part of the final capping materials.
■ Solar installations have several challenges:– Northeast climate, i.e. snow
accumulations– Concentration of run off– Landfill settlement– NIMBY syndrome
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Cap Disruption Considerations
Turbine foundations need to be integrated into the cap repair to create a seamless capping system
Hull Wind 2, SEA Consultants
Solar installations need to be sensitive to solar
array anchoring, surface erosion, and access for
routine maintenanceSolar Integrated T2 SolarRoof Membrane on a
landfill in Malagrotta, Italy
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Summary: Features of a Good Landfill Site for Siting of Renewables
■ Closed and capped in accordance with requirements ■ Contents already settled and able to bear weight of
solar arrays/ turbines■ No state or federal solid/hazardous waste obligations
or other open compliance items■ Large flat, graded, unshadowed areas for maximum
sun exposure ■ Good wind resources, minimal obstructions■ Methane extracted■ Transmission and interconnection access ■ No major contamination, leaks, or groundwater
intrusion■ Receptive site owner, local officials, and neighbors
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Questions?
Thank you!
Dana Huff, P.E.Briony Angus, AICP
Tighe & Bond53 Southampton RoadWestfield, MA 01085(413) 562-1600
[email protected]@tighebond.com