Renaissance Artists Brunelleschi v. Michelangelo

Lauren Kackmeister

Filippo Brunelleschi

• Middle of three boys

– Father: Brunelleschi di Lippo, a known lawyer

• Attended merchants guild – later became goldsmith apprentice

• Participated in competition in Florence – lost to Ghiberti

• He later travelled to Rome to study the classic architecture

While In Rome…

• Discovered true human perception in size and proportion – introduced linear perspective

• Obsessed with the Pantheon and dome structures

Start of obsession with dome and columns

• Back in Florence he participated in the Arte della Lana competition.

• He had to manage to stand an egg upright on a slab of marble

• He won by figuring to break the bottom of the egg

Capella dei Pazzi

Most Famous for Florence Dome

After managing to decipher the code of domes, he slowly built this one and began tweaking and changing his idea as he went on

Commissioned by Cosimo d’Medici

• Interested by classical architecture

• Intrigued with figuring out the methods of classic architecture

Diverse Works

• Sculptor….

– Sacrifice of Isaac

Brunelleschi

VS

Ghiberti

• Crucifix of Christ

Donatello gave advice on sculpting Christ; “Sculpt yourself, how you think Christ would have looked”

Not only an artist!

• Had also:

– Invented many tools

– Over saw many constructions

– Created many different machines

– Revolutionized construction in Florence

Death

Death mask of Brunelleschi

Only Florence citizen to be buried inside the Cathedral he spent so much time in

Lived a long, full, revolutionary life

Michelangelo

Early Life

• Born to family of bankers

– Father: Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni

– Mother: Francesca Neri

• Became an apprentice to a painter

• Studied in the Medici gardens

• While with the Medici’s he was able to access the social and elite people which led him to Giovanni

• Giovanni showed him humanism at its finest– Poetry

– Scholars

– Anatomy

• Said to have laid the groundwork for his definite style

When in Rome…

• He was commissioned to carve a bigger than life size sculpture of the Roman god for wine, Bacchus – the pope had denied it however and it went in Jacopo Galli’s garden

• Shortly after, he was commissioned again to create the Pieta out of a chunk of stone

The Pieta

http://www.italianrenaissance.org/michelangelos-pieta/

Created to grace his own tomb

Famous Pieces

The Last Judgment

David

Piece of the Sistene Chapelhttp://www.michelangelo-gallery.org/

More than an artist

• Poet

• Inventor– Formed protective walls around the city of

Florence when soldiers were threatening to attack

• Architect

• Sculptor and Painter– Sketches

– David

– Frescoes http://lebbeuswoods.wordpress.com/2012/05/22/michelangelos-war/

Death

• 1564; age 88

• Completed…

– 300 poems

– Frescos – perfected the art of painting the fresco

– Sculptures

– Paintings

– Sketches

Comparison

Sculptures… Michelangelo

- Detail in anatomy - Layered clothing and hair- hand gestures are always soft

http://www.italian-renaissance-art.com/Michelangelo-sculptures.html

Moses

Leah

Used both religious and secular subjects

Sculptures… Brunelleschi

- Payed less attention to anatomic detailing

- Put more detail into the face, hands, and feet

He had used mostly religious subjects unlike Michelangelo

http://www.chiesasantamarianovella.it/en/artworks/crucifix-brunelleschi

Architecture… Michelangelo

The outer wall to protect Florence- simpler designs- Quick to build

http://www.academia.edu/4445483/Michelangelo_Drawing_and_the_Invention_of_Architecture_Introduction

Architecture… Brunelleschi

- Most famous for his Dome- figured out the key to finishing the dome

- Mathematically based - Improved as the creation went on - Led to the creation of pulleys and other

inventions to make it easier

• Brunelleschi had focused much more on architecture and his own inventions

• Michelangelo focused on his paintings and sculptures

Similarities…

• Both commissioned at some point by d’Medicifamily

• Both had worked on the Dome

• Both are very versatile

• Sculptures were very life – like

Sources

• Lopez, Jonathan. Boston.com. The New York Times, 27 Dec. 2009. Web. 01 Dec. 2014. http://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2009/12/27/michelangelo_redefined/

• "The Complete Works - Michelangelo - Page 1." The Complete Works -Michelangelo - Page 1. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014 http://www.michelangelo-gallery.org/the-complete-works.html

• "Michelangelo." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2014. http://www.history.com/topics/michelangelo

• "Filippo Brunelleschi." Brunelleschi Biography. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Nov. 2014.http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Brunelleschi.html

• "Filippo Brunelleschi Biography (1377-1446) – Life of an Italian Artist." Totally History Filippo Brunelleschi Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014. <http://totallyhistory.com/filippo-brunelleschi/>.

• "Filippo Brunelleschi." Encyclopedia of World Biography. 2004, "Brunelleschi, Filippo." Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. 2008, James Stevens Curl, "Brunelleschi, Filippo (1377–1446)." The Renaissance. 2008, "Brunelleschi, Filippo." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Ed.. 2014, and "Brunelleschi, Filippo." World Encyclopedia. 2005. "Filippo Brunelleschi." Encyclopedia.com. HighBeam Research, 01 Jan. 2004. Web. 07 Nov. 2014. <http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Filippo_Brunelleschi.aspx>.

• "Michelangelo Buonarroti Biography." Michelangelo Biography. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Nov. 2014. <http://www.michelangelo-gallery.org/biography.html>.

• "Renaisance Architecture." Renaisance Architecture. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014. <http://mbells.ca/italian_architecture/>.

• "Brunelleschi Architect for the Dome of Florence." Italian Renaissance Art.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014. <http://www.italian-renaissance-art.com/Brunelleschi.html>.

• "Brunelleschi & Ghiberti, The Sacrifice of Isaac." - Smarthistory. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014. <http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/brunelleschi-ghiberti-isaac.html>.

• "Filippo Brunelleschi." , Florentine Architect. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014. <http://www.reidsitaly.com/destinations/tuscany/florence/sights/p-brunelleschi.html>.

• "Michelangelo's Pieta - ItalianRenaissance.org." ItalianRenaissanceorg. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014. <http://www.italianrenaissance.org/michelangelos-pieta>.

• "Michelangelo - The Complete Works." Michelangelo - The Complete Works. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014. http://www.michelangelo-gallery.org/

• "Opera per Santa Maria Novella." The Crucifix by Brunelleschi. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014. http://www.chiesasantamarianovella.it/en/artworks/crucifix-brunelleschi

• "Michelangelo, Drawing, and the Invention of Architecture, Introduction." Academia.edu. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014. <http://www.academia.edu/4445483/Michelangelo_Drawing_and_the_Invention_of_Architecture_Introduction>.

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