Remote Sensing on the Nez Perce Reservation

Nez Perce Tribe -Land ServicesLaurie Ames

Remote Sensing Analyst

By asking for the impossible we obtain the best possible. ~Italian Proverb  

GIS on Fire!Coeur d’Alene, Idaho

May 9 – 13, 2005

Laurie Ames, Remote Sensing Analyst - - Land cover/use detection through Remote Sensing (NASA Grant)

Jennifer Jensen, University of Idaho -Predicating Forest Biophysical Properties with LiDAR 

Nez Perce Tribe

Atoms for peace. Man is still the greatest miracle and the greatest problem on this earth. ~David Sarnoff

PartnersTribal DepartmentsUniversity of IdahoSpencer B. Gross, Inc (LiDAR)NASA – Stennis Space CenterAscent GIS (SPOT, IRS)USDA/USFS Fire Sciences LabUniversity of Montana (MODIS)SPOT Image CorporationBattelle/PNNLHyVista Corporation (Hyperspectral)

The beginning is the most important part of the work.  ~Plato

Task Objectives• 1. Landcover & Landuse Classification

– Crop Map

• 2. Road Delineation– WEPP

• 3. Vegetation greenness, stress & drought

• 4. Forest Characterization

• 5. Hazard Rating of Invasive Weeds

First, have a definite, clear practical ideal; a goal, an objective. Second, have the necessary means to achieve your ends; wisdom, money, materials, and methods. Third, adjust all your means to that end. ~Aristotle

Over all costs

The earth is given as a common for men to labor and live in. ~Thomas Jefferson

FY1 FY2 FY3 TotalSalary, wages & fringe $109,061 $109,690 $100,980 $319,731

Subcontracts $ 63,272 $ 63,673 $ 53,695 $180,640

Equipment & supplies $ 51,927 $ 15,040 $ 8240 $ 75,207

Travel $ 13,000 $ 13,000 $ 12,000 $ 38,000

Administrative $ 28,464 $ 28,432 $ 24,982 $ 81,878

Data Costs $ 68,800 $ 57,300 $ 46,300 $172,400

Total Cost $296,406 $252,961 $224,510 $773,878

1. Land-cover/Land-use/Crop Maps

Landsat satellite multispectral imagery.7 bands of information. 30 meter resolution.

Multi-temporal3 scenes each year. Spring, End of Summer, Late

Fall (leaf off).7 classes

Urban, crop, grass, brush, mixed forest, coniferous forest, water.

Land use & Crop MapsRange, crops and forest monitoring.

Landcover Maps

Landsat 7 ImageFeature Analyst PreliminaryLandcover Classification

Landcover Classes

CLASS_ID

Coniferous Forest

Grass

Crop

Brush

Water

Mixed Woodland

Urban

NN

Supervised Classification ERDAS Imagine

Costs of Landsat Data

Landsat 5 $425Landsat 7 $608

Cost per acreless than $0.01

2. Road Delineation

Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) Panchromatic Images2 scenes to cover majority of 1863

boundary.

Different AlgorithmsEdge DetectionBattelle/PNNL MatrixFeature Analyst Extraction

Feature Analyst

Costs of Indian Remote Sensing Data

IRS Panchromatic$5,800For 3 archived scenesFor special requested $6,800

Cost per acreless than $0.45

3. MODIS Products MODIS

Vegetation Indices (MOD13)EVI & NDVI

LAI (MOD15)FPAR (MOD15)GPP (MOD17)NPP (MOD17)

Large Scale250m, 1km in size.

Shows plant health, moisture, snow melt.

MODIS

Leaf Area Index -Amount of leaf area that covers a given unit of ground.Helps to estimate active growing vegetation.

Pixel size: 1 km Composite every 8 days

4. Monitoring & Characterization of Forest Lands• Forest Characterization

– Species composition– Stand stress– Insect infestation– Fuel load estimation

• Imagery Used:– LiDAR -Active system (current work)– Landsat & SPOT– Hyperspectral– Ikonos 1m

Intensity

Intensity & Contour

Contour & Surface

Hillshade

N

N

N

N

Costs of LiDAR Data

Cost $65,505Total Acres 29,000

Cost per acre $1.87

WIAP1 satellite image matrix

IKONOS Multispectral

IRS2 Panchromatic

L73 Panchromatic L73 Multispectral SPOT Multispectral

Cost ($) high moderate low low moderate

Data source (see contact info below)

Space Imaging Corporation

Space Imaging Corporation

USGS Eros Data Center

USGS Eros Data Center

SPOT Image Corporation

Spatial Resolution (m) 4 5 15 30 20

Spectral Resolution visible, near infrared visible visible

visible, near & middle infrared

visible, near & middle infrared

# of data channels 4 1 1 6 3 or 4

Radiometric Resolution 8 or 11 bit quantization 8 bit quantization 8 bit quantization 8 bit quantization 8 bit quantization

Temporal Resolution (days) acquired as tasked 48-50 16 16 acquired as tasked

Footprint (km) minimum of 5 70 185 185 60

Defined as cloud free <20% NA listed in 10% increments

listed in 10% increments NA

Delivery time variable approximately 2 weeks

generally <1 week generally <1 week variable

Data format GEOTiff4 BSQ5 GEOTiff4 GEOTiff4 BIL6

Data storage requirements high high moderate low low

Appropriate project scale local local regional regional regional

Appropriate for visual interpretation yes yes yes yes yes

Appropriate for computer interpretation yes no no yes yes

Appropriate for wetland mapping yes limited limited yes yes

Cost Per Acre Comparison

5. Hazard Rating & Monitoring of Invasive

WeedsSPOT 10 & 20m multispectral dataSub-ecosystem mapAreas of susceptibility

MODIS Vegetation products

Costs of SPOT Data

SPOT 20 m $5,600Total Acres 17297Cost per acre $0.15

SPOT 10m $10,800Total Acres 5683Cost per acre $0.45

Thank You

Contact: Laurie Ames ext. 2619lames@nezperce.org

Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence. Talent will not; nothing is more common than unsuccessful men with talent. Genius will not; unrewarded genius is almost a proverb. Education will not the world is full of educated derelicts. Persistence and determination alone are omnipotent. The slogan, 'Press on,' has solved and always will solve the problems of the human race. ~Calvin Coolidge