remittances in georgia, azerbaijan, and moldova
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Remittances in Georgia, Azerbaijan, and MoldovaMarch 27, 2008
Methodology of Surveys in Georgia, Azerbaijan, Moldova, and Russia
3
Methodology of National Surveys
1-2 percentage pointsMargin of error
January – February, 2007Dates of interviews
5,005 adults in Georgia 4,051 adults in Azerbaijan2,073 adults in Moldova
Sample sizes
4
Approximately 95 percent of the Georgian population resides in the 10 regions where polling was conducted.
1. Abkhazia2. Samegrelo-Zemo
Svaneti3. Guria4. Adjara5. Racha-Lechkumi and
Kvemo Svaneti6. Imereti7. Samtskhe-Javakheti8. Shida Kartli9. Mtskheta-Mtianeti10. Kvemo Kartli11. Kakheti12. Tbilisi
Regions of Georgia
5
Economic Regions of AzerbaijanApproximately 80 percent of the Azeri population resides in the 7 economic regions where polling was conducted.4. Ganja-Gazakh5. Aran6. Shaki-Zagatala7. Lankaran8. Dakhlik Shirvan9. Absheron10. Baku
6
Approximately 90 percent of the Moldovan population resides in the 32 raionswhere polling was conducted.
Raions of Moldova
7
Methodology of Russia Survey
3.5 percentage pointsMargin of error
May 7-25, 2007Dates of interviews
779 total interviews:259 Moldovans259 Georgians261 Azeris
Sample size
8
Oblasts and Oblasts and KraiaKraia of Russia where of Russia where interviews were conductedinterviews were conducted
Demographics of Remittance Recipients in Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Moldova and Remittance Senders in Russia
10
AgeRemittance Recipients
43%27%
30%
27%31%
42%
30%29%
41%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Moldova
Azerbaijan
Georgia
18-3435-4950+
11
AgeRemittance Senders in Russia
7%39%
54%
7%48%
45%
10%50%
40%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Moldovans
Azeris
Georgians
18-3435-4950+
12
GenderRemittance Recipients
45%
55%48%
52%
39%
61%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Georgia Azerbaijan Moldova
MaleFemale
13
GenderRemittance Senders in Russia
64%
36%
81%
19%
55%
45%
0%10%
20%30%
40%50%
60%
70%
80%90%
Georgians Azeris Moldovans
MaleFemale
14
EducationRemittance Recipients
14%27%
59%
25%28%
47%
37%27%
36%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Moldova
Azerbaijan
GeorgiaCompletedsecondary or less
Some university
Universitygraduate
15
EducationRemittance Senders in Russia
22%40%
38%
14%41%
45%
24%40%
36%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Moldovans
Azeris
GeorgiansCompletedsecondary or less
Some university
Universitygraduate
16
Urban vs. RuralRemittance Recipients
53%47% 48% 52%
33%
67%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Georgia Azerbaijan Moldova
UrbanRural
17
Full-time Residents of Russia vs.Seasonal Migrant WorkersRemittance Senders in Russia
4%40%
56%
8%16%
76%
3%13%
84%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Moldovans
Azeris
GeorgiansFull-timeresidents
Seasonalmigrantworkers
Merchants /Others
18
What type of work do you do?Remittance Senders in Russia
Service workers (restaurants, hotels, retail stores)Industry workersDomestic workers (maids, elderly caretakers, cooks, etc.)Agricultural workersSmall business owners
The Remittance Process in Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Moldova
20
Do you have any family members living outside your home country?
37%
63%
34%
66%
52%48%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Georgia Azerbaijan Moldova
Yes
No
21
Percentage of adult population that receives remittances
21%
9%
9%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Moldova
Azerbaijan
Georgia
22
Percentage of adult population that receives remittances
2%9%9%
10%17%
21%26%
38%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
Brazil
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Bolivia
Mexico
Moldova
El Salvador
Dominican Republic
23
Approximate number of adults who receive remittances from a family member or relative in another country
580,000
520,000
320,000
0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 700,000
Moldova
Azerbaijan
Georgia
24
How frequently does your family member send you money?
39%
51%
10%
26%
46%
28%21%
58%
21%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Georgia Azerbaijan Moldova
Every monthor more
Every 2-6months
Once a year
25
Average Annual Remittance(in Euros)
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200
Moldova
Azerbaijan
Georgia€950
€750
€750
26
Total Value of 2006 Remittances(in millions of Euros)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Moldova
Azerbaijan
Georgia €300
€390
€440
27
Country of Origin of Remittances
45%
32%
8%15%
79%
3% 4%10%
41%47%
3%9%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Georgia Azerbaijan Moldova
Russia
WesternEurope
EasternEurope
Other
28
How do you receive the money?
64%
32%
4%
65%
23%
12%
48%
37%
15%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Georgia Azerbaijan Moldova
Bank
Courier
Other
29
How many years has this family member been sending you money?
17%62%
21%
39%39%
22%
33%57%
10%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Moldova
Azerbaijan
Georgia Less thanone year
One to fiveyears
More thanfive years
30
Relationship of Sender to Recipient
27%54%
19%
49%33%
18%
51%36%
13%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Moldova
Azerbaijan
Georgia Husband / Wife
Father / Mother /Son / Daughter
Brother / Sister /Other
31
How often do you communicate with your family member?
79%
17%
4%
72%
17%11%
84%
12%4%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Georgia Azerbaijan Moldova
Once amonth ormore
A fewtimes ayear
Once ayear
32
How many people benefit from the remittance?
23%62%
15%
65%26%
9%
49%43%
8%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Moldova
Azerbaijan
GeorgiaOne
Two-three
Four ormore
Remittances from Russia to Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Moldova
34
In 2006, did you send money to any of your relatives or friends living in your home country?
58%
42%
64%
36%
63%
37%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Georgians Azeris Moldovans
YesNo
35
Remittance Senders
76% 73% 70%64% 63% 58%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
SouthAmericans
in Spain
LatinAmericans
in US
Braziliansin Japan
Azeris inRussia
Moldovansin Russia
Georgiansin Russia
36
In 2006, did you send money to any of your relatives or friends living in your home country?All Immigrant Workers by Years of Residency in Russia
45%55%
62%
38%
64%
36%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Less than 3 years 3 to 10 years More than 10years
YesNo
Leveraging Remittances for the Economic Development of Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Moldova
38
How do you receive the money?
64%
32%
4%
65%
23%
12%
48%
37%
15%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Georgia Azerbaijan Moldova
Bank
Courier
Other
39
Image of BanksRemittance Recipients
20%20%
60%
10%18%
72%
5%14%
81%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Moldova
Azerbaijan
Georgia Positive
Negative
No opinion
40
Do you have a bank account?Remittance Recipients
11%
89%
23%
77%
19%
81%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Georgia Azerbaijan Moldova
Yes
No
41
Do you have a bank account?Remittance Senders in Russia
17%
5%
78%
22%
4%
74%
15%8%
77%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Georgians Azeris Moldovans
Yes, in Russia
Yes, in homecountry
No
42
Approximate Portion of Remittance Spent on Daily Expenses
9%28%
63%
16%17%
67%
9%19%
72%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Moldova
Azerbaijan
GeorgiaAll
Half tothree-quarters
Quarter orless
43
Do you have any investments?Remittance Recipients
8%
92%
7%
93%
16%
84%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Georgia Azerbaijan Moldova
Property /Business /Savingsaccount
None
44
Remittance recipients “very interested” in financial investment products in Georgia
22%
26%
28%
32%
40%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Open savings account
Finance university loan
Mortgage / loan to buy house
Loan to finance business
Health / life insurance
45
Remittance recipients “very interested” in financial investment products in Azerbaijan
9%
14%
23%
28%
33%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Loan to finance business
Finance university loan
Open savings account
Health / life insurance
Mortgage / loan to buy house
46
Remittance recipients “very interested” in financial investment products in Moldova
15%
19%
19%
19%
20%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Open savings account
Finance university loan
Loan to finance business
Health / life insurance
Mortgage / loan to buy house