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Grade worksheets in a few minutesNext week is Shark week, this week is an introduction to all chordates/vertebrates.

The Vertebrate Animals

All Vertebrates are ChordatesPhylum chordata!

Chordates ALL have 4 characteristics sometime during their lives

a notochord

nerve cord

gill slits

a tail

The non-vertebrate chordates - Tunicates

Amphioxus

About the Amphioxus song

99% of chordates are vertebrates - Characteristics of Vertebrates

Bilateral Symmetry with 2 pairs of appendages,

cephalization (sense organs concentrated in a head region)

True body cavity

closed circulatory system.

Endoskeleton including a vertebral column

Well developed body systems.

CartilageBonyAmphibianReptileBirdMammal

Comparative Numbers of Species

Classes of Vertebrates

Jawless fish

Cartilaginous Fishes

Bony Fish

Amphibians

Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Jawless Fish

Primitive, no paired fins

no bone, all cartilage

Lamprey – a parasite

Hagfish – scavenger, also called slime eel.

Jawless Fish

Cartilage Fish

Sharks, skates, rays

750 species

Ventral mouth

Spiral valve increases surface area

Massive liver (up to half body weight)

skin with tooth-like scales

Cartilage Fish

                                                

                

Bony Fish

20-30,000 species

Appeared 400 million years ago

Cold blooded, flat scales, swim bladder

gills and gill cover

Most lay eggs

eyes usually on the side of the head

Bony Fish

Amphibians

2000 species, appeared 350 million years ago.

Cold-blooded, moist skin, lungs, no claws

Lay jellylike eggs

Life cycle includes a larval stage

90% are frogs and toads

Amphibians

Reptiles

6500 species, appeared 300 million years ago.

Cold-blooded, hard shelled eggs, internal fertilization

Body covered with scales.

Include crocodilians, lizards and snakes, turtles and the tuatara

Reptiles

Birds

8600 species, appeared 130 million years ago.

Warm blooded, 4 chambered heart

Feathered dinosaurs

Feathers, crop, oil glands, hollow bones, fused skeleton---all adaptations for flight.

Birds

Mammals

First appeared 180 million years ago

4500 species, most are placental.

2 primitive orders; monotremes and marsupials

Diaphragm, hair, mammary glands, lips, different kinds of teeth, external ears.

Mammals

Vert./Chordate Quiz Tuesday!!!

For more information 7 Vertebrate Classes.docOn WBP and Shared drive

The Vertebrate Animals