FOLLOWING IS A LIST OF  QUESTIONS BASED ON MEMORY OF STUDENTS WHO TOOK PART 1 IN 2006/07.SOME MIGHT BE INCOMPLETE AND NO ANSWERS THOUGH.YOU WILL FIND A LOT OF THESE QUESTIONS WHEN YOU TAKE YOUR EXAM.GOOD LUCK .Mythyl xanthines such as caffeine and theophylline enhance lipolysis in adipose tissue by ?a.including adenylate cyclase synthesisb.including triglyceride lipase synthesisc. inhibiting cyclic AMPd.dirctly activating an intracellur protein kinasee.enhancing the binding of epinephrine to an extracellular membrane receptor

which of the following statements BEST describe GTP-binding proteins(G-Proteins)?a.are important components of steroid harmone signal transductionb.catalize the reaction which produces diacylglycerolc.are tightly bound to adenylate cyclased.usually inactive protein kinase Ce.are membrane proteins

Total urinary nitrogen excretion in LEAST when an individual is?a.starvingb.on a well balanced dietc.on a diet containing adequate fat and carbohydrate but no proteind.on a diet containing adequate pretein but no fat or carbohydrate

Dry heat destroys mociroorganisms primarily by

1.lysis2.oxidation3.precipitation of salts4.coagulation of protein5.acceleration of enzyme metabolism.

In erytrhopoiesis, which of the following increases from the proerythroblast to the mature erythrocyte?a. Cell sizeb. Phagocytic abilityc. Cytoplasmic acidophiliad. Cytoplasmis basophilia

Initially, the developing heart isa. induced by the notochordb. positioned posterior to the notochordc. positioned anterior to the prochordal plated. between the prochordal plate and the notochord.

the largest incisal/ occlusal embrasure is located between which of the following teeth

a. Maxillary central and lateral incisors

b.Mandibular central and lateral incisors

c.Maxillary lateral incisor and canine (ans given in ans key)

d.Mandibular lateral incisor and caninee.Maxillary canineand first premolar. But in decks ans is ( e)

The clearance of several substances was measured at a constant glomerular filtration rate and constant urine flow rate, but at increasing plasma concentrations of the substance. Under these conditions, clearance will increase at high plasma concentrations for which of the following substances?A. CreatinineB. Mannitol

C. PenicillinD. PhosphateE. Urea

Each of the following is charac of creatinine EXCEPT one. Which one is the exception?

a) Freely filteredb) Slightly secretedc) Slightly reabsorbedd) produced endogenously at a constant rate

The receptors for the hormone that causes blood glucose level to quickly drop are located on which cellular component in target cells?A. Mitochondrial matrixB. Nuclear matrixC. Nuclear membraneD. Plasma membraneE. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Section of pyramidal tracts produces:1]hypertonia2]symp.hyperactivity3]parasymp.hyperactivity4]loss of fine voluntery control...[this is the answer..and its correct also]

.which of the following characterizes the generator potential of a receptor?

1. all or none response2.propogation in a nondiscremental manner3.universally present in all nerve tissue4.graded according to the strength of the signal

2.which of the following best describes the function of allopurinol

1.promotes conversion of uric acid to dna2.alosterically interferes with glutathionereducatse3.promotes excretion of uric acid4.competitively inhibits xanthine oxidase

What is usually mistaken for subgingival calculus?option: Concrescent teeth, dens in dente...

A-Which cell cycle is most variable in mammal?a-G1b-G2c-G0d-M

F-Wich of the following is the feature of Y chromosome?a-acrocenticb-telocentricc-submetacentricd-metacentric

Culture with Y or H shaped filament organism would be?    

1. What happens when spinal cord sectioned at T2?2.Where is Sanger method of cloning used?3.Primary function of lysosomes in steroid producing cells?a.digest cellular debrisb.hydrolyse spent cellular organellesc. remove excess steroid from cellsd.remove steroid precursorse. cleave the ester from cholestrol ester to produce free cholestrol if 5th nerve is cut below medulla what happens?

sensory nucleus for nerve 5 6 7 9 10 is?

mode of action of antivirals?1 against rna2 against protein 3 against nucleic acid

in group func occlusion of 1 side if canines are taken out what happens?

how can u increase incisal guidance?

pneumonitis due to bird droppings is caused by?

what is sympathetic end organ?

a person cannot hear vibrations of a fork..he can hear it if it is placed on its mastoid antrum..this indicates damage of.....?

epithelium of max sinus is?

parallel to rods and hypocalcified str arising from DEJ are?

if condyle is fractured at neck ..it still receives blood suply from? 

chlamydia psittaci from bird droppings causes pneumonitis and influenza like symptoms

antivirals inhibit viral dna polymerase............so,against nucleic acidsectioning trigeminal nerve below medulla comes under UMN of this nerve,spastic paralysis of the muscles of mastication(not sure???????????????????????????????)epithelium of maxillary sinus is ciliated pseudostratifiedwith goblet cells 1The sliding movement in the TMJ occurs between which of the followinga. disks and articular eminence.b. mandibular heads and articular eminences.

2Enamel rods converge as they pass from the dentinoenamel junction toward the surface in the area of thea. cervical line of permanent teeth.b. cervical line of primary teeth.c. fissures.

3. The GREATER the horizontal overlap (overjet) of the anterior teeth, then thea. shorter the cusps of the posterior teethb. greater the intercondylar distancec. lesser the intercondylar distance

4. In maximum opening the condyles are positioned

a. in the anterior glenoid fossab. in the posterior glenoid fossa

c. either inferior to the articular tubercle or anterior to it

.5 Which of the following features is common to both mandibular first and second premolars?

a. Triangular in outline occulssal tableb. Horizontal distal marginal ridgec. Bilateral symmetrical crownd. Dissimilar marginal ridgese. No transverse ridge

6 Which of the following explains why the digestive action of salivary amylase continues for some time after swallowing?a. Gastric HCI increases the digestive action of amylaseb. Gastric mucin lubricates the bolus and assists amylase activityc. The amylase inside the bolus is protected from the inactivating action of gastric HCI.d. Water absorption by the stomach concentrates amylase and make its action more effective 6 Which of the following explains why the digestive action of salivary amylase continues for some time after swallowing?a. Gastric HCI increases the digestive action of amylaseb. Gastric mucin lubricates the bolus and assists amylase activityc. The amylase inside the bolus is protected from the inactivating action of gastric HCI.d. Water absorption by the stomach concentrates amylase and make its action more effective

slight detatchment of the retina results in a decrease of length from the optical center, and the subject therefore exihibitsa.near slightednessb.far slightednessc.strabismusd.nystagmus

.redunced renal blood flow can cause hypertension y which of the following?a.release of reninb.refles vasoconstructionc.retention of potassium in bloodd.increased output of epinephrine

carbon tetrachloride causes rapid injury to which of th following?a.lungb.liverc.heartd.kidneye.bone marrowA functional deficit in the inferior oblique muscle can be revealed by asking the patient to:a. elevate the adducted eyeb. depress the adducted eyec. elevate the abducted eyed. depress the abducted eyee. depress the eye straight downWhich statement about blood vessels of the brain is false:a. the anterior cerebral artery is located in the longitudinal fissureb. the middle cerebral artery is located in the lateral fissurec. the superior cerebellar artery is a branch of the vertebral arteryd. the two vertebral arteries join to form the basilar arterye. the anterior communicating artery connects the two anterior cerebral arteries

The tympanic membrane is usually concave externally, with a small depression in the concavity called the:a. umbob. dumboc. rambod. limboe. Eustachio

Which of the following is true of the venous circulation of the head and neck:a. the retromandibular vein often communicates with both the internal and external jugular veinsb. the facial vein drains the mandibular dental arcadec. the anterior jugular vein is contained within the carotid sheathd. the superior thyroid vein lies on the sternocleidomastoid musclee. the external jugular vein is the major source of venous drainage from the thyroid gland slight detatchment of the retina results in a decrease of length from the optical center, and the subject therefore exihibitsa.near slightednessb.far slightednessc.strabismusd.nystagmusAns:aRetinal detachment is a disorder of the eye in which the retina peels away from its underlying layer of support tissue. Initial detachment may be localized, but without rapid treatment the entire retina may detach, leading to vision loss and blindness. The retina is a thin disc-shaped layer of light-sensitive tissue on the back wall of the eye. Its job is to translate what we see into neural impulses and send them to the brain via the optic nerve.Retinal detachment is more common in those with severe or extreme myopia (above 5-6 diopters), as their eyes are longer and the retina is stretched thinMyopia, or nearsightedness also known as short sightedness, is a refractive defect of the eye in which collimated light produces image focus in front of the retina when accommodation is relaxed

.reduced renal blood flow can cause hypertension y which of the following?a.release of reninb.refles vasoconstructionc.retention of potassium in blood -its retention of sodium and waterd.increased output of epinephrine -is in response to severe pancreatic hypoglycemiaAns:aVasoconstrictors increase blood pressure or to reduce blood flow via angiotensinogen II. Renovascular hypertension (or "renal hypertension") is a form of secondary hypertension, caused by a stenosis of the renal arteries.The macula densa of the kidney senses a decreased systemic blood pressure due to the pressure drop over the stenosis. The response of the kidney to this decreased blood pressure is activation of the renin-angiotension aldosterone system, which normally counteracts low blood pressure, but in this case lead to hypertension (high blood pressure). The decreased perfusion pressure (caused by the stenosis) leads to decreased blood flow (hypoperfusion) to the kidney and a decrease in the GFR.So release of Renin activates the renin-angiotensin system by cleaving angiotensinogen, produced in the liver, to yield angiotensin I, which is further converted into angiotensin II by ACE, the angiotensin-converting enzyme.Angiotensin II then constricts blood vessels, increases the secretion of ADH and aldosterone, and stimulates the hypothalamus to activate the thirst reflex, leading to increased blood pressure.An over-active renin-angiotension system leads to vasoconstriction and retention of sodium and water. These effects lead to hypertension

carbon tetrachloride causes rapid injury to which of th following?a.lung- silica,asbestos,coal and cotton dust.b.liver- carbon tetrachloride, nitrosaminesc.heartd.kidney-chloroform,mercury,halogenated hydrocarbons,uraniume.bone marrow-nitrites, benzene.

Ans:carbon tetrachloride is majorly an hepatotoxin.carbon tetrachloride is metabolized in the liver to a trichloryl carbon (€CCl3) free radical (a harmful form of the compound) which reacts with the cellular components resulting in further damage, cell death and liver injury.

A functional deficit in the inferior oblique muscle can be revealed by asking the patient to:a. elevate the adducted eye-superior rectusb. depress the adducted eye-inferior rectusc. elevate the abducted eye-inferior oblique muscled. depress the abducted eye-superior oblique musclee. depress the eye straight down.Ans:c

http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/surface.../cardinal.html

Which statement about blood vessels of the brain is false:a. the anterior cerebral artery is located in the longitudinal fissureb. the middle cerebral artery is located in the lateral fissurec. the superior cerebellar artery is a branch of the vertebral arteryd. the two vertebral arteries join to form the basilar arterye. the anterior communicating artery connects the two anterior cerebral arteriesAns:cThe superior cerebellar artery arises near the termination of the basilarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:C..._Willis_en.svg

The tympanic membrane is usually concave externally, with a small depression in the concavity called the:a. umbob. dumboc. rambod. limboe. EustachioAns:umbo.The tympanic membrane is separated into four quadrants, with the center of the four quadrants being the umbo.The manubrium of the malleus is firmly attached to the medial surface of the membrane as far as its center, which it draws toward the tympanic cavity; the lateral surface of the membrane is thus concave, and the most depressed part of this concavity is named the umbo.

Which of the following is true of the venous circulation of the head and neck:a. the retromandibular vein often communicates with both the internal and external jugular veinsb. the facial vein drains the mandibular dental arcadec. the anterior jugular vein is contained within the carotid sheathd. the superior thyroid vein lies on the sternocleidomastoid musclee. the external jugular vein is the major source of venous drainage from the thyroid glandAns:aRetromandibular vein divides into two branches:

an anterior, which passes forward and unites with the anterior facial vein to form the common facial vein,enter internal jugular vein.

a posterior, which is joined by the posterior auricular vein and becomes the external jugular vein.

please let me know if any answers r wrong.

The articulating aurface of the adult mandibular condyle is covered by which of the following substances?

a.elastic tissueb.synovial membranec.hyaline cartilaged.typical perichondriume.collagenous connective tissue

A blow that shatters the coracoid process wil have a direct effect on which of the following pairs of the muscles?

a.serratus anterior and pectoralis majorb.subscapular and pectoralis majorc.biceps brachi and pectoralis majord.subscapularis and subclaviuse.deltoid and subclavius

The spleen is in closest relation to which of the following?

a.duodenum

b.right kidneyc.ascending colond.right lobe of the livere.inferior surface of the diaphragm

whaich has lower P02

-venous blood or expired air

parkinsons disease affects-caudate nucleus or substantia nigra

 the nerves of anterior abdominal wall lie immediately deep to which layer of the wall?A.external oblique muscleB.internal oblique muscleC.transversus abdominisD.transversalis fasciaE.peritoneum

.in essential hypertension , which of the following represents the classic autopsy finding in the kidney?a.pyelonephritisb.glemerulonephritisc.begin nephrosclerosisd.renal artery stenosise.renal infarction