REMA Meeting, Maastrich | 29 June 2013

INGENIO [CSIC-UPV] Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación | Edif 8E 4º | Camino de Vera s/n | 46022 Valencia

tel +34 963 877 048 fax +34 963 877 991

Project: Study on Innovation in Early Music Festivals 

Elena Castro-Martínez. INGENIO (CSIC-UPV)

Albert Recasens (Lauda Música, SL) 

www.ingenio.upv.es

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1) About Us

2) How we work

3) What we do (our research line)

4) A brief description of the concepts of innovation that we are using

5) …. and their application to cultural sector

6) What we aim in the project

7) What we expect from REMA and its members

8) Schedule

9) What we can offer to REMA and its members

INDEX

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3

4

5

1

6

7

8

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3ABOUT USThe Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) is the biggest public research organization in Spain:

126 institutes 14,050 CSIC staff + 4,605 other

institutions staff (joint centres)

804 M€ budget 3,628 on going R&D projects

(2011 data)

22 researchers 7 PhD students 10 support staff 3 students INGENIO is a member of EuSPRI

Forum

Main research line: innovation studies

INGENIO [CSIC-UPV]

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INGENIO (CSIC-UPV) aims to contribute to the best understanding of the innovation processes as well as science and innovation policies which can improve it.

We also aim to contribute to innovation culture and to disseminate innovation concepts

We are a multidisciplinary group of specialists in innovation studies

HOW WE WORK

scientific excellence + social relevance

We cooperate with other specialists and entities

5OUR RESEARCH LINE

Starting: Study of interactions of humanities and social science's CSIC research groups with socio-economic agents (2004)

Study of innovation processes in cultural sector: Archeology (with INCIPIT) Historic heritage (with IAPH) Documentary ‘ s production Early music production [with Lauda Música]

Identifying very interesting cases of interactions between humanities’s research groups and cultural institutions [one of them, musicology]

E + A

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AN INNOVATION is the implementation of a new or significantly improved

product (good or service),

or process,

a new marketing method,

or a new organisational method

(Oslo Manual, OECD 2005)

INNOVATION CONCEPT

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PRODUCT INNOVATION: significant differences in purpose, in performance [functional concept, presentation], in technological concept [raw materials, components, technological characteristics] of the product compared to existing ones.

PROCESS INNOVATION: adoption of production methods technologically new or significantly improved, including methods of product delivery.

TYPES OF INNOVATIONS BY NATURE [1]

The definitions of product innovation focus on functional or user changes and, thus, do not include changes in the

meanings, aesthetics or content produced in the area of culture.

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MARKETING INNOVATION: application of a new marketing method involving significant changes in: product design or packaging of a product, its location, promotion or pricing.

ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION: introduction of a new organizational method in business practices, in workplace organization or in external relations of the company

TYPES OF INNOVATIONS BY NATURE [2]

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Product innovation:In the art form (premieres or revivals contemporaries, new approaches to the interpretation or rereading, new staging or contextualization, atrezzo)In the use of new media (MP3) or media (internet tracking concert or outdoor screens)

Process innovationInnovations in the process of production and interpretation, including technologies or materials (sound control, lighting and scene ...)

Marketing Innovation:New forms of dissemination that attract new groups of consumersNew broadcast channels (facebook) and marketing (web)New models of consumption (streaming, as Spotify, ..)

Innovation in business management and relationshipsNew business models (clusters, networks ...)New forms of financing (crowfunding)New relationships with suppliers, other organizations or groups related (festivals), local authorities, the audience, ….

In response to changes in the environment:

• Technologies (ICT)

• Demand patterns

• Public and private sponsorship

• Concept of value creation

Source: Own ellaboration from Bakhshi and Throsby (2010)

AND THEIR APPLICATION TO CULTURAL SECTOR

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Fuente: Miles & Green (2008): “Hidden innovation in the creative industries”. NESTA

SITES OF INNOVATION IN THE CREATIVE INDUSTRIES

A

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A national system of innovation has been defined as follows: .. the elements and relationships which interact in the production, diffusion and use of new, and economically useful, knowledge ... and are either located within or rooted inside the borders of a nation state.”

(Lundvall, 1992)

A sectoral system of innovation is as “a set of new and established products for specific uses and the set of agents carrying out market and non-market interactions for the creation, production and sale of those products.

(Malerba, 2002)

INNOVATION SYSTEMS APPROACH

12STAKEHOLDERS OF AN EARLY MUSIC FESTIVAL

Musicians

Production

Distribution

Consumption

Suppliers

Festival

Audience

Sponsors

Mass media/journals

Local government

Servi

ces

Prest

ige,

opportu

nities

Opportunities, tickets

Work

Universities and

research bodies

Visibility, revenuesContents

Equipments and

servicesDemands

Methodologies, knowledge Funding

Public value, revenues

Co

nte

nts

, s

erv

ice

s

Rev

en

ue

s,

att

en

tio

n

Contents

Visibility

RecursosDifu

sión,

conocimie

nto

Services

Resources, prestige

Volonteers

Owners of buildings or historic

sitesContents

Visibility

Recording compamies

Place for sales

Complementary services

Contents Visibility,

Methodologies,

knowledge

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Doing [R&D, organization,…) inside the firm or entity

Buying (equipments, materials, services)

Cooperating (interacting with suppliers, audience, musicians, other festivals )

INNOVATION STRATEGIES

CONTEXT NEEDS Talent (creative personnel and

expertise) Access to sources of knowledge and

diverse content (digital resources) Space to interact with others,

investigate, ... (networks, laboratories)

High quality Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Services

Funding sources adapted to each sector (≠ risk)

Intellectual property protection and other laws and regulations that facilitate the creative process

… and results

- Sales- Benefits

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To analyse the Early Music Festivals (EMF) within the Innovation Systems framework [*] – Identify the kind of innovations which an EMF

produce – Analyse to what extent the organization and context

helps or makes the innovation difficult;– Define and establish thoroughly the different agents

which interact at the festival as well as the kind of relationships which are established to innovate;

– Identify the results of innovation activities and– Identify the main strategies used to innovate.

WHAT WE AIM IN THIS PROJECT

[*] Lundvall, 2007

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1. Your comments on the project and your suggestions to improve it.

2. REMA's involvement in the project

3. The cooperation of two or three volunteers to review the actual questionnaire (today or tomorrow?)

4. REMA’s members fill in the questionnaire on line

5. The review of the project results

6. The suggestion of some relevant stakeholders to interview them

WHAT WE EXPECT FROM REMA AND ITS MEMBERS

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16SCHEDULE (2013)

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4Publication of the online questionnaireFilling the questionnaire by REMA membersCollection and analysis of responsesInteraction with the respondents for clarificationDraft of the first reportDifussion of the 1st report to REMA and its membersInterviews with stakeholdersFeedback analysis and ellaboration of the final reportFinal report sending to REMA and its members Writing scientific publications

DecemberOctober November Time (weeks) Activities

July August September

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A report on the results of the study A best comprehension of innovation concepts

applied to your sector A better understanding of your innovation

capabilities associates, activities and results (Innovative performance indicators?)

Acknowledging your important role as innovating agents and innovation diffusors in the European cultural sector (of interest to policy makers)

The possibility to exchange good practices in innovation

Our acknowledgments in all the papers we will publish!!!

WHAT WE CAN OFFER TO REMA AND ITS MEMBERS

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Bakhshi, H. y D. Throsby, Culture of Innovation. An economic analysis of innovation in arts and cultural organizations. NESTA. 2010. http://www.nesta.org.uk

Carlsen, J., T.D. Andersson, J. Ali-Knight, K. Jaeger, R. Taylor, Festival management innovation and failure, International Journal of Event and Festival Management, V. 1, N. 2, pp.120-131, 2010

Castro-Martínez, E., Recasens, A.; Jiménez Sáez, F. (2013), Innovation systems in motion: an early music case, Management decision, V. 51, N. 6 (forthcoming)

Freeman, C. (1974), The economics of industrial innovation, Penguin, Harmondswoth Hjalager, A.M., “Cultural Tourism Innovation Systems. The Roskilde Festival”. Scandinavian

Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 9 (2-3), pp. 266-287, 2009. Larson, M., Festival Innovation: Complex and Dynamic Network Interaction, Scandinavian

Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, V. 9, N. 2–3, pp. 288–307, 2009. Lundvall, B.A. (1988), “Innovation as an Interactive Process: from User-Producer Interaction to

National Systems of Innovation”, en Dosi, G., Freeman, C., Nelson, R., Silverberg, G., y Soete, L. (Eds.), Technical Change and Economic Theory, Pinter Publishers, London y New York.

Miles, I. y L. Green, “Hidden innovation in the creative industries”. London, NESTA, July 2008, http://www.nesta.org.uk/publications.

OCDE- EUROSTAT (2005), Oslo Manual: Proposed Guidelines for collecting and interpreting Technological Innovation Data, OCDE, Paris.

Stoneman, P. (2008), Soft innovation: changes in product aesthetics and aesthetic products. https://research.mbs.ac.uk/INNOVATION/Portals/0/docs/seminar/Stonemansoftinnovationpaper.pdf

Wilson, N.C. y D. Stokes, “Managing creativity and innovation. The challenge for cultural entrepreneurs”. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 12 (3), pp. 366-378, 2005.

MAIN REFERENCES

INGENIO [CSIC-UPV] Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaEdif 8E 4º | Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia (SPAIN)www.ingenio.upv.estel +34 963 877 048 fax +34 963 877 991

www.ingenio.upv.es

Thank you!!

www.ingenio.upv.es