religions of the middle east lesson 2. goals of the day i will compare the three major world...
TRANSCRIPT
Goals of the Day
• I will compare the three major world religions: Islam, Judaism, and Christianity.
• I will explain how geography contributed to the birth of Islam.
• I will analyze the Islamic religion.
Warm Up
• To what religious affiliation do most Middle Eastern groups belong?
• Islam- Muslims• All but Israelis and
Armenians
Comparative Religions
Religion
Judaism Christianity
Islam
Origins Canaan~2000 BCE
Palestine~30 CE
Saudi Arabia622 CE
Founders
Moses Jesus Christ Mohammad
Adherents
Jews Christians Muslims
Population
14 millionIsrael, Euro, US
2.1 billionEuro,
Americas, Africa
1.5 billionMid East, SE
Asia
Comparative Religions
Religion
Judaism Christianity
Islam
Diety GodYahweh, Elohim
God GodAllah
Holy Book“People of the book”
Torah(Old Test.)
Bible(Old and New
Test.)
Qur’an(Koran)
Religious Law
Halakhah Canon Law Sharia
Place of Worship
Synagogue ChurchChapel
Cathedral
Mosque
Clergy Rabbis Priest, Minister, Pastor
Imam
Judaism• ~1800 BC, Hebrews flee
Canaan, migrate to Egypt (enslaved).• Lead by Moses to Sinai
Peninsula. Covenant w/God.• 1 God, 10 Commandments,
Chosen People
• ~1025 BC form kingdom of Israel in Fertile Crescent.• Kings David & Solomon help
reach greatest glory
• ~500 BC Persians take over, Return to Israel & rebuild temple in Jerusalem.
• ~70 AD, Romans expel Jews from Israel/Palestine – diaspora…• Won’t return until late 1800s• Israel formed after WW2
Christianity• Jesus born in Roman ruled
Palestine (Bethlehem)• Carpenter’s apprentice• Studied w/ rabbis - Preacher 30 yrs old
• Some believed he was the messiah – Savior from foreign rule, restore kingdom
• Roman’s, scared of popularity & refusal to accept emperor as a god, crucified him.
• Followers, Christians, spread word• Everyone equal, salvation & eternal life• Persecuted by Romans, became martyrs• Becomes the official religion Roman
Empire
Birthplace of Islam
• What was life like in the Middle East in early centuries?
• Desert• Bedouins• Oasis towns• Feuds, rivalry,
lawless
Islam• ~Angel Gabriel tells
Mohammed he is to be the messenger of God/Allah
• ~Fleed to Medina, build 1st mosque• Hejira – Yr 1 of Muslim Calendar
• Expansion of Islam• Uses war & political maneuvering
to spread ideas
Activity-
In groups of 3, analyze various elements of the Islamic faith.
• Ideas of Islam• Five Pillars
• Jihad• Sunni v. Shi’ite (Shia)
• Women