reingenieriso 9000-2008

8/4/2019 ReingenierISO 9000-2008

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SkhfekfhksH]D 8<<<0 3<<1

¨ Gs& Nsonfgd @& K}|hfd}n gk id} Odfwksd} B{kfwk} \îehfn > uuu&sknwn/dm|&cide}|dw&mdo

Hfhmhniokfwk |{cihmngn} kf >815) in bnohihn gk fdson} H]D 8<<< }k an |ksmhchgd

mdod }hfýfhod gk }ke{shgng kf ~{k id} |sdg{mwd} x }ksrhmhd} m{o|ikf mdf in} kq|kmwnwhrn}

gki mihkfwk) mdfrhswhèfgd}k kf ki odgkid gk mnihgng gk onxds n|ihmnmhýf kf ki o{fgd&

N |k}ns gk }{ |d|{inshgng g{snfwk id} 8<‘}) in bnohihn gk fdson} b{k no|ihnokfwk

mshwhmngn sk}niwnfgd gd} gk }{} |shfmh|nik} ihohwnmhdfk}) in |shoksn) }{ ý|whmn sk}wshfehgn gki

}h}wkon gk ek}whýf gk mnihgng) x in }ke{fgn) }{ mdfrks}hýf kf in kqm{}n |ksbkmwn |nsn mnsens

gk oî} c{sdmsnmhn n id} xn gk |ds }ï wdsw{d}d} |sdmk}d} ngohfh}wsnwhrd} x d|ksnwhrd} gk

nie{fn} dsenfhpnmhdfk}& Oî} ~{k f{fmn in} |nincsn} gk Jnds{ H}ahjnun sk}dfnsdf0 ’Id}

c{sýmsnwn} gki o{fgd rhrkf kfnodsngd} gk id} mdfwsdik}‟>&

K} |d}hcik nbhsons ~{k in onxdsïn gk in} dsenfhpnmhdfk} ~{k idesnsdf }{

mkswhbhmnmhýf) dcw{rhksdf in esnf rkfwn`n gk idesns gh}mh|ihfn) b{fgnokfwngn ~{hpî} oî} kf

ki wkods gk k}k |ns hfgk}kncik0 n{ghwds ” aniinped) ~{k kf ki wsïd0 gk}kd / mdo|sdoh}d ”

mdf}wnfmhn d ~{k kf ki m{nswkwd0 |infkns ” anmks ” rkshbhmns ” nmw{ns&

In |d|{inshgng gk in fdson an iikengd n wni kqwskod ~{k k} |d}hcik k}m{mans {f

nsedw gk}nssdiingd |ds id} hfrdi{msngd} gdfgk ki kfmnsengd gki nionmèf |ske{fwn0 ’´mýod

rn} mdf w{ 7&7&3&>4‟ n id ~{k ki mdfwsnids mdfwk}wn ’|{k} k}wdx rhkfgd ki 7&7&= |nsn rks }h

ok`dsd ki 7&7&7) x w{) ´whkfk} nieðf 7&8&34‟ ” ’]h |ksd ok k}wdx 7&>1 |nsn 7&>;&; id}

sk}{iwngd} x wkfks m{hgngd mdf ki 7&>2‟

Gk}gk in |ks}|kmwhrn gk in hffdrnmhýf) in gk}rkfwn`n oî} ho|dswnfwk ~{k }k

kfm{kfwsn kf in} fdson} H]D 8<<< k} in |dmn odwhrnmhýf ~{k }k whkfk |nsn ki |kf}nohkfwd

gh}mdfwhf{d& Ki }ke{hs wnf bhkiokfwk id} |sdmkghohkfwd} k}wncikmhgd}) rhkfgd in ok`dsn

mdod {fn krdi{mhýf iýehmn) fd odwhrn in dmn}hýf |nsn k}wk wh|d gk |kf}nohkfwd x ki

m{k}whdfnohkfwd gki k}wnw{} ~{d fd k} fkmk}nshnokfwk chkf rh}wd) }hw{nmhýf sk~{kshgn kf

mhkswd} odokfwd} gk in} dsenfhpnmhdfk}&

Id} ohkocsd} gki mdohwè wèmfhmd H]D$WM >52) kfmnsengd} gk in skrh}hýf 3<<< gk in

fdson |sdcnsdf) mdfwsn wdgd |sk}nehd) ~{k k} |d}hcik wkfks {f }niwd ho|dswnfwk hfmi{xkfgd

kikokfwd} ~{k iýehmnokfwk gkckf k}wns kf {f odgkid gk ek}whýf gk in mnihgng0 {f onxds

èfbn}h} kf ki ihgksnped x }{ |nswhmh|nmhýf) in }nwh}bnmmhýf gki mihkfwk) in ok`dsn mdfwhf{n) x ki

kfbd~{k gk |sdmk}d}) }hkfgd k}wn ðiwhon |nswk gdfgk oî} rnik in |kfn anmks {fn skbikqhýf

|sdb{fgn&



¨ Gs& Nsonfgd @& K}|hfd}n gk id} Odfwksd} B{kfwk} \îehfn 3 uuu&sknwn/dm|&cide}|dw&mdo

N |shfmh|hd} gk in gèmngn gk id} 8<‘}) ki mdfmk|wd gk |sdmk}d k} skmdfdmhgd mdod

ho|dswnfwk |nsn ki b{w{sd gk in} dsenfhpnmhdfk}) n{wdsk} mdod Ansshfewdf3) Gnrkf|dsw=) x

Anooks x Mano|x7 }k kfbdmnsdf kf èi kf dcsn} ~{k adx xn |{kgkf }ks mdf}hgksngn} mdod

}kohfnik} kf ki k}w{ghd gk in k}ws{mw{sn gk in} dsenfhpnmhdfk}& ]hf g{gn in gkbhfhmhýf gk

|sdmk}d ok`ds nm{þngn k} in gk Anooks x Mano|x0 ’ki mdf`{fwd gk nmwhrhgngk} ~{k

wdongn} `{fwn}) |sdg{mkf {f sk}{iwngd gk rnids |nsn ki mihkfwk‟;& Ki èfbn}h} gk k}wn

gkbhfhmhýf k}wî kf ki rnids ~{k ni }ks `{pengd x gh}bs{wngd |ds ki mihkfwk ho|ihmn ni okfd}

{fn gk gd} mdfghmhdfk}0 ki mihkfwk |nen d ki mihkfwk |skbhksk n in dsenfhpnmhýf) ekfksniokfwk

|sk}kfwîfgd}k {fn mdochfnmhýf gk nocn}&

Fh ki oh}od Anooks) gk hfhmhd) |ksmhchý ~{k k} |skmh}nokfwk in gkbhfhmhýf gk

|sdmk}d ki mdfmk|wd mkfwsni gk }{ xn skmdfdmhgd x oni kfwkfghgd mdfmk|wd gk

’skhfekfhksïn‟) gdfgk hfhmhniokfwk |{}d èfbn}h} kf in |nincsn ’snghmni‟ oî} ~{k kf in

|nincsn |sdmk}d& Anooks) gd} dcsn} gk}|{è} kf }{ ihcsd ’Oî} niiî gk in Skhfekfhksïn‟2)

mdfmi{xý ~{k ki mdfmk|wd gk |sdmk}d k} ki mkfwsni kf in skhfekfhksïn |{k} nbhson ~{k ki

akmad gk |kf}ns kf |sdmk}d} x }dcsk wdgd kf ~{k in sk}|df}nchihgng mdo|ikwn gki oh}od

mnhen kf {f ’g{kþd‟) k} snghmni) }h }k mdo|nsn mdf in onfksn wsnghmhdfni gk rks n in}

dsenfhpnmhdfk} gdfgk in sk}|df}nchihgng kf id} |sdmk}d} k}wî |nswhgn }he{hkfgd ki odgkid

gk}mshwd |ds Ngno ]ohwa anmk oî} gk =<< nþd}0 in ghrh}hýf gki wsncn`d&

K} skmdfbdswnfwk ikks gk}gk in rks}hýf 3<<< gk in fdson H]D 8<<< ~{k ki kfbd~{k gk

|sdmk}d} k} nied sk~{kshgd |ds ki }h}wkon gk ek}whýf gk in mnihgng0 ’in dsenfhpnmhýf gkck0 n(

hgkfwhbhmns id} |sdmk}d} fkmk}nshd} |nsn ki }h}wkon gk ek}whýf gk in mnihgng x }{ n|ihmnmhýf n

wsnrè} gk in dsenfhpnmhýf !kf in rks}hýf 3<<1 in |nincsn ’gkwksohfns‟ }{}whw{xk n in |nincsn

’hgkfwhbhmns‟(: c( gkwksohfns in }km{kfmhn k hfwksnmmhýf gk k}wd} |sdmk}d}:‟5 }hf kocnsed) ni

gkbhfhs |sdmk}d mdod ’mdf`{fwd gk nmwhrhgngk} o{w{nokfwk skinmhdfngn} d ~{k hfwksnmwðnf)

in} m{nik} wsnf}bdsonf kikokfwd} gk kfwsngn kf sk}{iwngd}‟1) sk}niwn in n{}kfmhn kf ghman

gkbhfhmhýf gki mihkfwk x ki rnids ~{k }k ik gkck dwdsens mdf id} sk}{iwngd} gki |sdmk}d& In

fdson fd b{kspn n in} dsenfhpnmhdfk} n gkbhfhs id} |sdmk}d} gk wni d m{ni onfksn) id m{ni k}

iýehmd x gk}kncik) |{k} mngn dsenfhpnmhýf gkcksî k}wncikmks |ds }ï oh}on in onfksn mdod

|skwkfgk gns rnids ni mihkfwk& ]hf kocnsed) k}n ihckswng gk gkbhfhmhýf kf id} |sdmk}d} anmk

~{k in} dsenfhpnmhdfk} mdssnf ki shk}ed gk gkbhfhsid} kssýfknokfwk gngn in k}ws{mw{sn

dsenfhpnmhdfni kqh}wkfwk) ekfksniokfwk k}wncikmhgn kf wèsohfd} gk k}|kmhnihgngk} x



¨ Gs& Nsonfgd @& K}|hfd}n gk id} Odfwksd} B{kfwk} \îehfn = uuu&sknwn/dm|&cide}|dw&mdo

gk|nswnokfwd}& Gk akmad) fd bniwnsîf dsenfhpnmhdfk} ~{k ni nfnihpns |sdmk}d} ’miî}hmd}‟ kf

in skhfekfhksïn) mdod |dgsïn }ks |ds k`ko|id ’m{o|ihohkfwd gk dsgkf‟) gkmhgnf) mdf ki

dc`kwhrd gk fd odghbhmns }{ k}ws{mw{sn dsenfhpnmhdfni) ghrhghs k}wk |sdmk}d kf oî} gk {fd0

’|sdmk}d gk skmk|mhýf gk |kghgd‟) ’|sdmk}d gk bnmw{snmhýf‟) |sdmk}d gk |sk|nsnmhýf gk

|kghgd‟) ’|sdmk}d gk kocns~{k‟) ’|sdmk}d gk kfwsken‟ x ’|sdmk}d gk mdcsd‟& N~{ï rnik in

|kfn |ske{fwns}k0 ´K} gk rnids |nsn ki mihkfwk ~{k }k skmhcn }{ |kghgd kf in} hf}wninmhdfk} d

}h}wkon gki |sdrkkgds4 ´\nensïn |ds kiid4 In sk}|{k}wn k} krhgkfwkokfwk fd& Gk in oh}on

bdson) }k |{kgk m{k}whdfns0 ´K} gk rnids |nsn ki mihkfwk ~{k }k |sk|nsè }{ |kghgd) }k

kocns~{k) d }k bnmw{sk4 In sk}|{k}wn k} wnochèf minsn0 fd& Kf skhfekfhksïn) ki |sdmk}d gk

’m{o|ihohkfwd gk dsgkf# k} {fd }ýid k hfhmhn mdf in fkmk}hgng gki mihkfwk) x wksohfn m{nfgd

ki mihkfwk skmhck id ~{k sk~{hksk x |nen) |{fwd& Ki rnids gngd ni mihkfwk n wsnrè} gk in

kfwsken) }k skbik`n anmhn in dsenfhpnmhýf kf ki |ned& [f |sdmk}d gkck gns x skmhchs rnids) }h

k}wd fd }{mkgk) kfwdfmk} fd k} {f |sdmk}d&

Dwsd kssds ~{k |sdcncikokfwk }k mdokwn k} gkmhs) ’ki |sk|nsns ki |kghgd fd k} gk

rnids |nsn ki mihkfwk kqwksfd |ksd }h id k} |nsn {f mhkswd mihkfwk hfwksfd‟& Kf in fdson H]D

8<<<03<<< fd }k gkbhfk ’mihkfwk hfwksfd‟ x }k k}wncikmk ~{k ki ðfhmd mihkfwk k} n~{èi ~{k fd

|kswkfkmk n in dsenfhpnmhýf x mdf ki ~{k }k k}wncikmk {fn skinmhýf mdoksmhni) krhwnfgd ~{k

id} n}dmhngd} }k gh}wsnhenf ’nwkfghkfgd‟ n {f mihkfwk hfwksfd) |shfmh|niokfwk ki `kbk) x }k

kfbd~{kf kf id} rksgngksd} mihkfwk}) ~{k }df in snpýf gk }ks gk in dsenfhpnmhýf&

Ki |kihesd kf ~{k }k k}wî ni fd gkbhfhs mdsskmwnokfwk id} |sdmk}d} k} ~{k è}wd}

}ke{hsîf k}wnfgd ’|nswhgd}‟) fd }k skmdfdmksîf mdod wnik} x |kds nðf) fd ancsî {f

sk}|df}ncik ~{k n}ke{sk ~{k k} gngd rnids ni mihkfwk&

K} |d}hcik k}|km{ins ~{k in} dsenfhpnmhdfk} mdf ok`dsk} }h}wkon} gk ek}whýf

cn}ngd} kf in fdson H]D 8<<<0 3<<1 }ksîf n~{kiin} ~{k ok`ds gkbhfnf }{} |sdmk}d}) x mdf

cn}k kf k}wn gkbhfhmhýf) n}hefkf sk}|df}nchihgngk} mdo|ikwn}&

Bhfniokfwk k} fkmk}nshd |ske{fwns}k) ´in fdson hefdsý in n|dswnmhýf gk Anooks }hf

oî} fh oî}4 D kf dwsn} |nincsn} ´Anx nie{fn skinmhýf kfwsk H]D x in skhfekfhksïn4

\nsn |dgks mdfwk}wns k}wn} |ske{fwn}) k} fkmk}nshd anmks ki }he{hkfwk nfîih}h}0

In gkbhfhmhýf gk |sdg{mwd gk in fdson k}0 ’\sdg{mwd0 sk}{iwngd gk {f |sdmk}d‟8) |ds

id ~{k }h }{onod} k}wn gkbhfhmhýf n in mhwngn |skrhnokfwk gk |sdmk}d0 ’mdf`{fwd gk

nmwhrhgngk} o{w{nokfwk skinmhdfngn} d ~{k hfwksnmwðnf) in} m{nik} wsnf}bdsonf kikokfwd}



¨ Gs& Nsonfgd @& K}|hfd}n gk id} Odfwksd} B{kfwk} \îehfn 7 uuu&sknwn/dm|&cide}|dw&mdo

gk kfwsngn kf sk}{iwngd}‟) kfwdfmk} k} |d}hcik mdfmi{hs) |ds in gkbhfhmhýf nfwkshds) ~{k ki

sk}{iwngd gkck }ks {f |sdg{mwd ki m{ni) gkck }ks gh}bs{wngd |ds {f mihkfwk) id ~{k ho|ihmn n

}{ rkp ~{k ki sk}{iwngd gkck }ks gk rnids |nsn ki mihkfwk) |ds id wnfwd) id} |sdmk}d} gkckf

wkfks }nihgn} ~{k gkf rnids ni mihkfwk) kfwdfmk} k} fkmk}nshd hgkfwhbhmns x gkbhfhs n id}

|sdmk}d} cn`d k}wn |skoh}n&

Ancsî ~{hkf nse{okfwk ~{k in fdson fd dcihen n gkbhfhs n id} |sdmk}d} kf wèsohfd}

gk rnids |nsn ki mihkfwk) x wkfgsî snpýf& Ak naï in ihohwnfwk ~{k in} dsenfhpnmhdfk}

sk~{kshsîf rkfmks gkbhfhkfgd n }{} |sdmk}d} mdod wnik} an}wn ~{k è}wd} gkf x skmhcnf rnids&

>H}ahjnun) J& ´^{è k} ki Mdfwsdi Wdwni gk Mnihgng4 In Odgnihgng @n|dfk}n& Es{|d Kghwdshni FDSON&

\îehfn =>3

Ansshfewdf A& @& C{}hfk}} \sdmk}} Ho|sdrkokfw& OmEsnu Ahii HFM >88>&= Gnrkf|dsw W& A& \sdmk}} Hffdrnwhdf& Ansrnsg C{}hfk}} ]maddi \sk}} >88=&7

Anooks O& x Mano|x @& Skkfehfkshfe wak Mdds|dsnwhdf& Ans|ks C{}hfk}}) >88=&;

Hchgko& \îehfn =&2

Anooks) O& Ckxdfg Skkfehfkkshfe& Ans|ks C{}hfk}}) >882&5

H]D 8<<>03<<1 !Wsng{mmhýf Dbhmhni(& ]kmskwnsïn Ekfksni gk H]D& Ehfkcsn ]{hpn& \îehfn 3&1

H]D 8<<<03<<; !Wsng{mmhýf Dbhmhni(& ]kmskwnsïn Ekfksni gk H]D& Ehfkcsn ]{hpn& \îehfn 5&8

Hchgko&

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