regular verb tenses

Investigation Work‘’Regular Verb Tenses’’

Name: Sucelle Tapia

Career: English Pedagogy

Teacher: Esteban Valenzuela

Subject: Grammar IV

Date: Friday 03rd October, 2014.

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Índex

Present Simple................................................................................4

Present Continuous..........................................................................6

Past Simple.....................................................................................8

Past Continuous.............................................................................10

Future Simple................................................................................10

Future Continuous..........................................................................12

Present Perfect..............................................................................12

Present Perfect Continuous............................................................14

Pluperfect......................................................................................15

Pluperfect Continuous ...................................................................16

Future Perfect................................................................................16

Future Perfect Continuous.............................................................17

Evaluation.....................................................................................19

Conclusion.....................................................................................22

Bibliography..................................................................................23

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Introduction

In writing and speaking, you often have to show when something happens. Is it taking place now? Later? Did it happen earlier in the day, a week ago, a year ago, or when dinosaurs roamed the earth? In English, tense is used to show when something happens.

The following tenses are commonly used:

Present Simple Present Continuous Past Simple Past Continuous Future Simple Future Continuous Present Perfect Present Perfect continuous Pluperfect Pluperfect continuous Future Perfect Future perfect continuous

You will learn how to use verbs to indicate when an action occurred. First, I explain the different tenses and how they are used to end with some specific rules that we have to take into account.

Present Simple

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We use Present Simple for:

- Routines

Example: I work in a supermarket

- Permanent Situations

Example: He has a car

- Natural or physical laws

Example: The Sun appears in the East

a) Affirmative: For the affirmative form we use the following structure:

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SUBJECT + VERB (IN INFINITIVE) + COMPLEMENT

Example:I live in a big house

If the subject is in 3rd person singular (he, she, it) we add an "-s" to the verb

Example:He lives in a big house

For verbs ending in "-o","-sh", "-ch" , "-ss", "-x" , "-z", "-y" we add "-es" instead of "-s"

Example:

Verb Third Person Singular

GoWishReachExpressFixKissBuzz

GoesWishesReachesExpressesFixesKissesBuzzes

In addition, verbs ending in "-y" when the "-y" is not followed by a vowel they form the third person by adding "-ies".

Example:


OccupyStudyTryCry

OccupiesStudiesTriesCries

But, be careful if the "-y" is followed by a vowel, the third person is formed by adding an “-s"

Example:


PlayBuySayLay

PlaysBuysSaysLays

Important note: Do not use TO + VERB IN INFINITIVE.

b) Negative: For the negative form we use the following structure:

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SUBJECT + DO/DOES (AUXILIAR VERB) + NOT + VERB (IN INFINITIVE) + COMPLEMENT

Example:I do not wear sun glassesHe does not wear sun glasses

In English, we use "don't" as the contraction of "do + not" and "doesn't" for "does + not"

Example:I don’t wear sun glassesHe doesn’t wear sun glasses

c) Interrogative: For the interrogative form we use the following structure:- The structure of the closed or short questions (Yes/No questions) is:

DO/DOES + SUBJECT + VERB (IN INFINITIVE) + COMPLEMENT + ?

Example:Do you like rock music?Does he speak English?

Important note: We do not add an “-s" to the verb in third person singular questions.

- The structure for the open questions( which have an interrogative particle) is:

INTERROGATIVE PARTICLE (-wh questions) + DO/DOES + VERB (IN INFINITIVE) + COMPLEMENT + ?

Example:Why do you like rock music?When do you speak English?

Important notes:The verb ‘’to be’’ forms the negative and interrogative form without adding the verb ‘’to do’’.

The modal verbs: Can, must and may do not add “-s" in the third person singular and form the negative and interrogative form without adding an auxiliary verb.

Present Continuous

We use Present Continuous for:

- Actions that are being made at the moment of speaking

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Example: I’m writing a report

- Cyclical situations over a defined period of time

Example: I’m waking up late this month


SUBJECT + am/ is/ are (VERB TO BE) + VERB – ING + COMPLEMENT

Example: I am listening to music

As a general rule to form the present continuous "-ing" is added.

Although we must take into account some considerations:

- Gerund verbs ending in -ie:The "-ie" ending is replaced by "ying"

VerbDieLieTieBoogie

DyingLyingTyingBoogying

- Gerund in verbs ending in -e:The final "-e" is replaced by "-ing"

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VerbUseHaveHateLove

UsingHavingHatingLoving

- Doubling the final consonant in the formation of the gerund:Many verbs repeat their final consonant to form the gerund

VerbGetSetForgetForbid

GettingSettingForgettingForbidding

To repeat the consonant in the word, it must follow some rules:1- The word must end in a unique consonant (other than r, w, x or y)2- The last consonant must be preceded by a unique vowel (example:

let)3- The word must be monosyllabic or the accent must be placed in the

last syllable. In other cases the word must end in ‘’L’’.


SUBJECT + am/ is/are (VERB TO BE) + NOT + VERB – ING + COMPLEMENT

Example: I am not singing now

c) Interrogative: For the interrogative form we use the following structure:

Am/are/ is (VERB TO BE) + SUBJECT + VERB – ING + COMPLEMENT + ?

Example: Am I singing right now?

Past Simple

We use Past Simple for:

- Actions that began in the past and are now finished

Example: He ate ice cream yesterday

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SUBJECT + VERB IN PAST (-ED ENDING) + COMPLEMENT

Example: He worked in that factory

As a general rule, to form the Past Simple we have to add "-ed" at the end of a verb

WORK WORKED

But, we have to take into account some considerations:- Irregular verbs:

For these verbs, we have to memorize them

Verb Past formGoBuyHaveBe

WentBoughtHadWas/Were

Example: I went to the University Of Santiago De Chile

- Past in verbs ending in ‘’-e’’:To form the past we have to replace the final ‘’-e’’ for ‘’-ed’’

Verb Past formUseDieLoveLike

UsedDiedLovedLiked


SUBJECT + DID + NOT + VERB (IN INFINITIVE)

Example: I did not sing

c) Interrogative: For the interrogative form we use the following structure:To do the interrogative form we use the auxiliary verb ‘’to do’’ in past (did).

DID + SUBJECT + VERB (IN INFINITIVE) + ?

Example: Did I sing?

The question can have an interrogative particle, so in that case the structure would be:

INTERROGATIVE PARTICLE (wh –questions) + DID + SUBJECT + VERB (IN INFINITIVE) + COMPLEMENT + ?

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Example: What did you sing last night?

Usually with the past tense sentences is necessary to specify exactly when the action was made (in an explicit way or by the context).

Example: I played a match last week

Some other temporal complements are: Yesterday, two days ago, last year, two years ago, last month, two months ago, last week, two weeks ago, in 2010, on 02/03/10, in July, among others.

Past Continuous

We use the Past Continuous for:- Actions that started in the past and were interrupted by another

situation

Example: I was driving my car, when my cell phone rang


SUBJECT + WAS/WERE + VERB (-ING ENDING) + COMPLEMENT

Example: I was riding my bicycle when my brother called me


SUBJECT + WAS/WERE + NOT + VERB (-ING ENDING) + COMPLEMENT

Example: I was not singing when my friend came to the room


WAS/WERE + SUBJECT + VERB (-ING ENDING) + COMPLEMENT + ?

Example: Was I singing when my friend came to the room?


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INTERROGATIVE PARTICLE (wh- questions) + WAS/WERE + SUBJECT + VERB (-ING ENDING) + ?

Example: What were you singing?

Future Simple

We use Future Simple for:

- Promises

Example: I will write you soon

- Decisions taken at the moment of speaking

Example: I will call customer service again


SUBJECT + WILL/SHALL + VERB (IN INFINITIVE) Example: I will/shall work

Important note: The auxiliary ‘’shall’’ is only used for the first singular and plural person. While the auxiliary ‘’will’’ can be used in all cases.

We can use contractions.Example: I will = I’ll.


SUBJECT + WILL + NOT + VERB (IN INFINITIVE)

Example: I will not work

We can use contractions.

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Example: I will not = I won’t.


WILL/SHALL + SUBJECT + VERB (IN INFINITIVE) + ?

Example: Will/Shall I work?

Future Continuous

We use the Future Continuous for:

- Actions that happen in the future and have a certain durability

Example: Tomorrow I will be travelling to New York


SUBJECT + WILL BE + VERB (-ING ENDING) + COMPLEMENT

Example: We will be walking on the streets tomorrow


SUBJECT + WILL NOT BE + VERB (-ING ENDING) + COMPLEMENT

Example: We will not be walking on the streets tomorrow


WILL + SUBJECT + BE + VERB (-ING ENDING) + ?

Example: Will you be walking on the streets tomorrow?

Present Perfect

We use the Present Perfect for:

- Actions that started in the past and haven’t finished in the present

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Example: I have not slept in the past three days

- Actions that started and finished in the past but it’s effects continue in the present

Example: I have bought a car

Just is used in the Present Perfect to say that an action has just finished

Example: I have just eaten lunch, I’m not hungry.

Already is used to say that we already done that action, just in affirmative sentences.

Example: I have already booked a room in the hotel.

Yet means ‘’ya’’ in interrogative sentences (in Spanish) and ‘’todavía’’ in negative sentences.

Examples:

Have you ordered the pizza yet?

No, I have not ordered the pizza yet.

Ever means ‘’alguna vez’’ (in Spanish) and uses the structure: "Have you ever ...?"

Example: Have you ever seen a rainbow?

a) Affirmative: For the affirmative we use the following structure:

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SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS + VERB IN PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT

Important note: Has is used just for the third person singular.Example: I have played tennis once in my life

Regular verbs form participles by adding ‘’-ed’’PLAY PLAYED

Although we have to take into account some considerations:

- For the irregular verbs we have to memorize them:

Verb Past formGo Make

GoneMade

- Participle in verbs ending ‘’-e’’:Regular verbs ending in "-e" form they participle by adding a ‘’d’’.

Verb Past formUseExcuse

UsedExcused


SUBJECT + HAS/HAS + NOT + VERB IN PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT

Example: He has not played well


HAVE/HAS + SUBJECT + VERB IN PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT + ?

Example: Has she done her homework yet?


INTERROGATIVE PARTICLE (wh –questions) + HAVE/HAS + SUBJECT + VERB IN PASRTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT + ?

Example: What have you done these last months?

Present Perfect Continuous

We use the Present Perfect Continuous for:- Actions that had a certain durability and has just been finished

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Example: I have been spending so much lately


SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + VERB (-ING)

Example: I have been cooking

Important note: For the third person singular we use ‘’has’’ not ‘’have’’.


SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS + NOT BEEN + VERB (-ING)

Example: I have not been cookingc) Interrogative: For the interrogative form we use the following

structure:

HAVE/HAS + SUBJECT + BEEN + VERB (-ING) + ?

Example: Have you been cooking?


INTERROGATIVE PARTICLE (wh –questions) + HAVE/HAS BEEN + SUBJECT + VERB (-ING) + COMPLEMENT + ?

Example: Where have you been living lately?

Pluperfect

We use Pluperfect for:- Actions that were finished in the past and were before others which

are mentioned

Example: The concert had not started when I arrived

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It is now called Past Perfect.


SUBJECT + HAD + VERB IN PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT

Example: We had worked all day


SUBJECT + HAD + NOT + VERB IN PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT

Example: We had not worked all day


HAD + SUBJECT + VERB IN PARTICIPLE + ?

Example: Had I sung?


INTERROGATIVE PARTICLE (wh –questions) + HAD + SUBJECT + VERB IN PARTICIPLE+?

Example: What had you sung?

Pluperfect Continuous

We use the Pluperfect Continuous for:

- Continued actions that were developed in the past and happened before or simultaneously to others that are mentioned

Example: I had been cleaning the floor when he phoned me


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SUBJECT + HAD BEEN + VERB (-ING)

Example: I had been sleeping

b) Negative: For the negative we use the following structure:

SUBJECT + HAD NOT BEEN + VERB (-ING)

Example: I had not been sleeping

c) Interrogative: For the interrogative we use the following structure:

HAD + SUBJECT + BEEN + VERB (-ING) + ?

Example: Had you been sleeping?


INTERROGATIVE PARTICLE (wh –questions) + HAD + SUBJECT + BEEN + VERB (-ING) + ?

Example: What had you been singing?

Future Perfect

We use the Future Perfect for:

- Express an event that will be completed in the future

Example: We will have travelled to London by this evening.

a) Affirmative: For the affirmative we use the following structure

SUBJECT + WILL/SHALL HAVE + VERB IN PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT

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Important note: As in the Future Simple, the auxiliary ‘’shall’’ is just used for the first singular and plural person ‘’will’’ can always be used.

Example: She will have finished her homework by 9 o’clock

b) Negative: For the negative we use the following structure

SUBJECT + WILL/SHALL NOT HAVE + VERB IN PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT

Example: I will/shall not have finished my homework by 9 o’clock

c) Interrogative: For the interrogative we use the following structure:

WILL/SHALL + SUBJECT + HAVE + VERB IN PARTICIPLE + ?

Example: Will/Shall I have finished my homework by 9 o’clock?

Future Perfect Continuous

We use the Future Perfect Continuous for:

- To indicate that an event which started in the past will continue to a point in the future

Example: When I retire, I will have been working for 20 years

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SUBJECT + WILL/SHALL HAVE BEEN + VERB (-ING) + COMPLEMENT

Important: ‘’Shall’’ is just used in the first singular and plural person.

Example: I will have been saving my money for a year


SUBJECT + WILL/SHALL NOT HAVE BEEN + VERB (-ING) + COMPLEMENT

Example: You will not have been sleeping by tomorrow evening


WILL/SHALL + SUBJECT + HAVE BEEN + VERB (-ING) + ?

Example: Will they have been traveling?

Evaluation

TEACHER Miss Sucelle Tapia Urrutia

GRADE 5th Grade A - B

EVALUATION DATE Friday 03rd, October 2014.

SUBJECT English

UNIT Unit II: ‘’ Past Simple’’

NAME

DATE OF THE EVALUATION

REPRESENTATIVE’S NAME AND SIGNATURE

TOTAL SCORE STUDENT SCORE MARK PERCENTAGE

51 points 60%

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General Instructions

The test contains V items. Read carefully the whole test. You are not allowed to use pencil, just pen in blue or black (except for

elementary 4th grade down). Any suspicious attitude will be a reason to take your test away and give you

the lowest mark 1, 0. Stains or corrections will not be checked.

Abilities/Skills

Listening Comprehension: Recognize and identify information.

Reading Comprehension: Recognize specific information.

Writing Comprehension: Make and produce short sentences.

I. Choose the best alternative (2 points each)

1. Past Simple (Affirmative)a) I eat vegetablesb) Did I eat vegetables?c) I didn’t eat vegetables

2. Past Simple (Negative)a) The girls danced b) Did the girls dance?c) The girls didn’t dance

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3. Past Simple (Interrogative)a) Did he read a book?b) He didn’t read a bookc) He read a book

II. Complete the sentences using the corresponding form of the verb below (2 points each)

1. Tom __________ his mother (help).a) Helpedb) Helpsc) Helping

2. You __________ to the radio (listen)a) Listensb) Listenedc) Listening

3. We __________ in a restaurant (eat)a) Eatb) Atec) Eated

III. Complete the chart with the verb in Past (1 point each)

Present Past

Live

Listen

Watch

Work

Play

Eat

Drink

Speak

Write

Understand

IV. Create 4 sentences using one of these verbs in Past Simple (3 points each)

CRY – TALK – LISTEN – WATCH – SPEAK – DANCE – SING – PLAY – TRY – WORK

1. _________________________________________________2. _________________________________________________3. _________________________________________________

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4. _________________________________________________

V. Write the sentences in the correct order in Past Simple (2 points each)

1. Janet/missed/the buss_____________________________________________

2. She/cleaned/her room_____________________________________________

3. Nancy/did not/watch television_____________________________________________

4. Bob/a book/read_____________________________________________

5. Ate/we/pizza_____________________________________________

6. Went/we/to the concert_____________________________________________

7. Live/I/Did/there before/?_____________________________________________

8. Liked/Country music/ I/ years ago_____________________________________________

GOOD LUCK!

Conclusion

We live in a real verbal ocean. Where the written or spoken word is a decisive factor to build the bridge, the bow, the gun, the instrument of unity or disunity, of understanding or misunderstanding; success, recognition or indifference; of failure, frustration, or alienation between human beings.

In other words, written and oral speech becomes a vital process that enables communication with others, increasing the chance of a better life in a society like today.

Thus, all human beings need language to express ourselves, but we must and need to be understood correctly. Behold the importance of fully management of the verb tenses in English and of course in our native language.

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Bibliography

"Los Tiempos Verbales En Inglés." Los Tiempos Verbales En Inglés. Web. 3 Oct. 2014. <http://www.inglessencillo.com/tiempos-verbales>.

"Tiempos Verbales En Ingles – Grammar Bank." GrammarBank.com. Web. 3 Oct. 2014. <http://www.grammarbank.com/tiempos-verbales-en-Ingles.html>.

"Pluperfect." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 25 Sept. 2014. Web. 3 Oct. 2014. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluperfect>.

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