regional training workshop on human … 2_public... · 26 th –29 th march 2018 outline 1)...

26th – 29th March 2018

REGIONAL TRAINING WORKSHOP ON HUMAN SETTLEMENT INDICATORS

Esther Njiru

Global Urban Observatory

Research and Capacity Development Branch


Bangkok, Thailand

Module 2: Public

Transport


Outline

1) Background

2) Concepts and definitions of the indicator

3) Strategies for collecting and validating data

4) Computation of the data collected and the methodology defined

5) Discussions and explorations of participants views


SDGs and Goal 11

Goal 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive,

safe, resilient and sustainable

10 Targets

11.1 Housing and Slums

11.2 Sustainable Transport (NUA para. 34, 36,39...page

12 and 13)

11.3 Participatory Planning

11.4 Cultural Heritage

11.5 Disaster Reduction

11.6 Air Quality and Waste Management

11.7 Public spaces

11.a Rural-urban and regional planning

11.b Mitigation of Climate Change, Resilience

11.c LDCs support – buildings

1 Agenda

5 Main Areas

17 Goals

169 Targets

193 Countries


Module 2 Overview

By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, and children, persons with disabilities and older persons.

IND

ICA

TO

R 1

1.2

.1

TA

RG

ET 1

1.2

Proportion of the population that has convenient

access to public transport by sex, age and persons with

disabilities


Transport Target emphasizes on:

► Sustainable Mobility: satisfying the

needs of the current generation

without compromising the ability to

satisfy the needs of future generations

► Accessibility and Inclusiveness

Every decision on transport infrastructure

determines:

►Cityscape for decades

►Long-term influence on the mobility

behavior of residents

►Urban sustainability, productivity, safety

Monitoring Public Transport


Monitoring and Reporting Process

NSOs/relevant

sectors

NSOs+

Custodian

Agency and

partners

Custodian

Agency and

partners

NSOs=city/Nation

al level

UN-Habitat and

UNSD=Regional

and Global levels


Concepts and definitions as per the current metadata

How many of the transport systems in your cities/towns are

meeting the above requirements?


Data Sources


1

Spatial Analysis

to delimit the

built-up area of

the urban

agglomeration

2

Inventory of

public transport

stops in the city/

service area

5

Estimation of

urban area with

access to public

transport/ out of

total population

Methodology

3

Buffer Analysis of

0.5 km public stop

(“service area”)

4

Overlay of socio-

demographic data

5

Estimation of

urban area with

access to public

transport/ out of

total population


Part A: Identification of service area

Data required:

► Public transport stops

(point shapes)

► City /urbanboundary


Part B: Identification of population served

Data required:

► Public transport stops

(point shapes)

► Urban footprint,

► Service areas (500m

buffer)

► Population data

(census tracts with

population figures,

and any other socio-

demographic data).


% ��ℎ �� = 100�� ℎ ��

��

Population with access to public transport out of the entire city

population computed as

Computation of the Indicator

To identify the population served the following is observed;The service area-(buffer) (denoted as i) intersects, either fully or partially, with

more than one analysis zone j ( j=1…..n). The population served by the public

transport service in buffer i, Pi, is thus equal to the sum of the population in each of the intersecting areas, Pij . Hence

�� = ��

��

Where, Pij is estimated based on the amount of interaction between service buffer i and analysis zone j.

In estimating Pij we will assume that the population is uniformly distributed within the analysis zones.


The total population served by Union Bus

terminal buffer is

i= Union Bus terminal

Pij= 5795+3648

Total 9443

Service

Buffer

Population Served

TotalIntersect

1

Intersect

2

Intersect

3

Intersect

4

Intersect

5

Intersect

6

1 2376 3574 2000 2802 10,752

2 3574 4052 5361 4433 2444 19,864

3 1590 3991 3228 2434 11,243

4 3176 3187 3228 3991 13,582

5 5795 3648 9,443

6 5361 5795 11,156

7 5795 2275 3552 3648 15,270

8 4774 3007 4232 12,013

9 3975 4379 5051 13,405

10 3200 4561 3486 11,247

11 5177 3932 3975 13,084

12 5022 5371 7712 18,105

Total Population with convenient access to public transport 159,164

Total Population with convenient access to public transport= 159, 164

County Population= 691,893/km2

% ��ℎ �� =

159,164

691,893�100

% ��ℎ �� = 23%


General Observations

Limitations

• Convenience measured as distance does not illustrate quality of PT

1413-15 December

Gaborone, Botswana

You might be 0.5 km away from the nearest bus stop, but…


Convenient access?

Accessibility for customers with special needs

(physically, visually, hearing impaired, temporary

mobility constraints, elderly, children, people in

vulnerable situations)

Affordability for the urban poor

Frequency of service during peak travel time

Safety concerns at bus stop


Limitations

• Factors such as affordability, safety & universal accessibility may influence the usage of public means of transport.

• Disaggregation difficult

• Poor connection of- to the sustainable notion of transport

• Access to opportunities might be more informative


Indicator review

The transport community believes that the current definition excludes some factors…

EGM held on

19-20 Oct 2017 in

Berlin


Definition of Public Transport (Inter-agency Expert Group on SDG Indicators, UN Statistics)

“It excludes informal, unregulated

modes of transport (paratransit),

motorcycle taxis, three-wheelers,

etc.”

“The access to public transport is

considered convenient when an

officially recognized stop is

accessible within a distance of 0.5

km.”

Does that mean that Dar es Salaam can report …

… while Nairobi can not…?

Formal vs. Informal Public Transport

As per the current definition:


• The EGM made the following proposals currently under review ………


a) Service Area

Buffer: Proximity Network analysis: walking distance

(based on street network)

• Realistically configure the street network to recognize the

presence of any barriers to PT.

Proposal

• Longer distances for faster modes:1 km

Cycling Access: 2 km


Public Transit Access; An example

Log in from the ArcGIS Maps ribbon to Unlock Map.


• Alternatives definitions of convenient access: To include longer distance for reaching faster transit modes (1-2km)

• Use of travel time to additionally measure convenient access to places of opportunity such as workplaces, schools, hospitals etc

• Obstacles to reaching stations: distance to stations could be adjusted taking into account factors that create obstacles.

• Transit system performance: Address the performance parameters such as frequency, capacity, safety/security etc.

• Affordability: Measured as the % of household income of lowest quintile of population spent on transport.

• Modal shift to sustainable transport: Modal share (such as NMT,) measures transport contribution to carbon emissions and air quality issues (indicator 11.6.2).

b) Sub-indicators


Opportunities

• Innovative Technologies/ Apps are available to collect basic data

OpenTripPlannerAnalyst (OTPA) Accessibility Tool. Developed by World Bank and Conveyal (http://Conveyal.com)� This open-source web-

based tool allows us to

combine the spatial

distribution of the city (for

example, jobs or schools),

the transportation network

and an individual’s travel

behavior to calculate the

ease with which an

individual can access

opportunities.

https://www.whereismytransport.com/

DATA For ALL public transport modes.

• Routes: shapes,

names

• Stopping points:

location, names

• Boarding and

alighting numbers

• Fares and variations

• Frequencies: AM

peak, off peak, PM

peak, weekends,

holidays, nights

• Travel times

Data collected


Possible Collaboration in Tracking SDG 11.2.1

Partnerships will be essential!As data providers, for capacity building, reporting, analysis of data etc.

And others…

Nat. and Loc. GvtsOwnership(Line ministries and NSOs,

National Statistical Structures, cities,

transport provider )

Custodian Agency


1 DATA• What Transport Data do you currently collect in urban areas?• What challenges do you anticipate in collecting SDG 11.2?

2 NATIONAL STRUCTURES• What mechanisms do you have in place in your country for SDG 11.2? • What partnership arrangements do you foresee in your country, e.g. city, transport service providers, NGOs etc?• What challenges do you foresee?

3 REPORTING• How will you compile and validate the data?• How will you report? What are the challenges you foresee?

4 EXTERNAL SUPPORT• What role do you foresee of the partners?• Who do you seek support from? How can we help?

26th – 29th March 2018 27

regional training workshop on human … 2_public... · 26 th –29 th march 2018 outline 1)...

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