Regional Systems for Innovation and Entrepneurship: Challenges and Future Roads

Emídio Ferreira GomesPorto University

“ We need to review our specific strategies to develop the different sectors of our economy. Find new ways to attract investments. Implement policies to keep growing faster than other developed countries can.

What made us successful in the past may not work in the coming years."

Lee Hsien LoongPrimeiro Ministro de Singapura

27 Maio 2009

“Se o teu trabalho pode ser feito mais barato por alguem na Ásia ou mais rápida e eficientemente por um computador algures …o teu emprego estará em risco”

Thomas FriedmanConferencia em 2007

•Idem se o teu trabalho qualificado numa empresa internacional pode ser feito por um colega teu em Madrid, Paris, Londres …– Emigração de elites

Um mundo emtransformação ...

• Economia globalizada tem lógica diferenteFunciona em redeEnfoque nos maiores mercados

Efeito gravítico sobre menoresEmprego qualificado

Talento

Investimento ...

Nova geografia económicaPerdedores: pequenos países / periféricos

Uma doença invisível chamada

“PERIFERICIDADE”

Um mundo emtransformação ...

Mas economia em rede também cria novas rotas de pessoas, inovação, riqueza

Novos pólos de crescimento

Um mundo emtransformação ...

• Na economia global, para um pais da dimensão de Portugal,– Os problemas são por definição

pequenos,– Mas as oportunidades podem

ser enormes.

• Aproveitar ainda que apenas uma oportunidade pode fazer a diferença para a nossa economia

THE KEY FOR VALUE GENERATION IN A COUNTRY IN A CONNECTED WORLD, IS NOT SO MUCH WHERE YOU BUILD THE R & D, AS THE PRESENCE OF ENTREPRENEURS WHO MANAGE TO CAPTURE KNOWLEDGE, VENTURE CAPITAL, ORCHESTRATING RESOURCES, LAUNCH NEW PRODUCTS TO MARKET, DISTRIBUTE AND SELL,…..

ISB- International comparison• The US innovation performance reflects an innovation system

characterised by goodlevels of tertiary education, good linkages between the public science system an d the private sector, strong private investment in R&D and a successful commercialisation of technological knowledge.

• Less marked, but not decreasing either is the performance lead of Japan over the EU27. Japan’s performance is clearly ahead in Business R&D expenditure and is growing faster than the EU in this field.

• Compared to China and Brazil, the EU still has a clear innovation performance lead. Based on a common set of 12 indicators, this lead, however, is declining fast.

Inovation Scoreboard, 2010

Source: Inovation Scoreboard, 2010

1 - Innovation leaders(performance well above EU27 average):Denmark, Finland, Germany, Sweden.

2 - Innovation followers(performance close to EU27 average):Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, France, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Slovenia and the UK.

3 - Moderate innovators(performance below EU27 average):Croatia, Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia and Spain is. 4 - Modest innovators(performance well below EU27 average):Bulgaria, Latvia, Lithuania and Romania.

1

1

1

1

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

33

3

3

2

44

3

4

4

3

The Scoreboard places Member States into four country groups

The Scoreboard places Member States into the following four country groups

• Innovation leaders: Denmark, Finland, Germany, Sweden all show a performance well above that of the EU27 average.

• Innovation followers: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, France, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Slovenia and the UK all show a performance close to that of the EU27 average.

• Moderate innovators: The performance of Croatia, Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia and Spain is below that of the EU27 average.

• • Modest innovators: The performance of Bulgaria, Latvia,

Lithuania and Romania is well below that of the EU27 average.

Inovation Scoreboard, 2010

Portugal - The innovation indicators • Portugal is one of the moderate innovators with a below average

performance.

• Relative strengths are in Open, excellent and attractive research systems, Finance and support and Innovators. Relative weaknesses are in Firm investments, Intellectual assets and Outputs.

• Positive growth is observed for most indicators, and in particular for Business R&D expenditure, PCT patent applications in societal challenges and Community designs. A substantial decline can be observed for Venture capital and Non-R&D innovation expenditure over the 5 year reference period, although Venture capital has almost doubled in 2009 with respect to 2008. Growth performance in Open, excellent and attractive research systems, Linkages & entrepreneurship and Intellectual assets is above average. In the other dimensions it is below average.

Portugal - The innovation indicators • Portugal is one of the moderate innovators with a below average

performance.

• Relative strengths are in Open, excellent and attractive research systems, Finance and support and Innovators. Relative weaknesses are in Firm investments, Intellectual assets and Outputs.

• Positive growth is observed for most indicators, and in particular for Business R&D expenditure, PCT patent applications in societal challenges and Community designs. A substantial decline can be observed for Venture capital and Non-R&D innovation expenditure over the 5 year reference period, although Venture capital has almost doubled in 2009 with respect to 2008. Growth performance in Open, excellent and attractive research systems, Linkages & entrepreneurship and Intellectual assets is above average. In the other dimensions it is below average.

Portugal - The innovation indicators

Dinâmica ExportadoraSegmentoPME Líder

6.500 empresas

17

Financiamento: capital de risco em percentagem do PIB | 2008

Fonte: OECD Entrepreneurship Financing Database, based on ECVA, ABS, VEC, NVCA, KVCA, NZVCA

Princípios da Política de Inovação

Princípios

A empresa é a entidade capaz de captar o benefício da inovação e de o

transformar em valor económico e social .

O Estado, enquanto grande comprador de produtos e serviços pode

criar uma procura exigente e sofisticada de modo a funcionar como

catalisador da inovação.

As redes de indivíduos e instituições ( públicas e privadas), em particular

empresas e universidades, são plataformas essenciais para criar

sinergias, minimizar riscos e transformar o capital intelectual em valor.

Existem sectores económicos que pela sua abrangência horizontal ou

efeito de demonstração podem influenciar a modernização da economia

e aumentar a competitividade do país.

Necessário acordar um conjunto de princípios que sirvam de base a uma política integral, coerente e sistémica de inovação para o país e ao consequente modelo organizativo e operativo

Racional

Colocar a empresa no centro do sistema de

inovação

Criar as condições de

mercado adequadas através do Estado

Apoiar o desenvolvimento de redes de inovação

Potenciar os sectores económicos com maior

impacto inovador

Portugal: A Promising SP Network

A Promising Future

WIPRO Technologies

Instituto Europeu de Excelência em Medicina REgenerativa

Which way to go ?

• create value from economic activity!