WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION

REGIONAL ASSOCIATION II (ASIA)

ABRIDGED FINAL REPORT OF THE

SIXTH SESSION Colombo, 8 - 18 September 1975

I WMO - No. 430 I Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization • Geneva • Switzerland

1976

© 1976, World Meteorological Organization

ISBN 92 - 63 - 10430 - 1

NOTE

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the Wodd Meteorological Organization cQncerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

w 0 R L D METEOROLOGICAl, o R G A N I Z A T ION

REGIONAL ASSOCIATION II (ASIA)

ABRIDGED FINAL REPORT OF THE

SIXTH SESSION

Colombo, 8-18 September 1975

WMO - No .430

======:==================;============================================

Addendum No.1

Please insert the attached page at the end of Annex IV to the report.

1 2 3 4

50521 Railar x .x

145 Qiqihar x

51016 Altay x 431 'lining x 463 Urumqi :x x 709 Kashi x

Tn Ruoqj.ang x 828 Rotan x

52203 Hami x 533 Jiuqua.n x 836 Dulan x 889 Lanzhou x x

53068 Eren x 614 Yinchuan x 112 Taiyuan x

54292 Yanji x 342 Shenyang x 511 Beijing x x 851 Qingdao x

55591 Lhasa x x

56131 Q.amdo :x 294 Chengdu x .511 Xi chang x 139 Tengchong x

·778 Kunming x :x 989' Hekou , x

57036 Xi'an x 083 Kh~ngzhou I x 461 Yichang :x 145 Zhijiang x 993 Ganzhou x·

58367 Shangh.ai :x x 606 Nanchang x 965 Taoyua~ x x

59287 Guangzhou x x 316 Shantou x 431 Nanning x 158 Haikou x

W 0 R L D MET E 0 R 0 LOG I CAL o R G A N I Z A T ION ========================================================~========

Supplement to WMO Publication No. 430

Decisions of the Executive Committee

.on the Abridged Final Report

of the sixth session of Regional Association II (Asia)

This document is _ a supplemen-t to WMO Publication No. 430 - Abridged Final Report of the sixth session of Regional Association II - and should be considered as a guide to the status of the decisions adopted at that session.

- 3 -

Resolution 2 (EC-XXVIII)

REPORT OF THE SIXTH SESSION OF REGIONAL ASSOCIATION II

THE EXECUTIVE COMMI TrEE,

HAVING CONSIDERED the abridged-final repo:::-t of the sixth seSSlon of RA II,

DECIDES;

(1) To note the report;

(2) To note without comments Resolu~ions 1 to 24 (VI-RA II);

(3) To take action on the recommendations made by the sixth seSSlO~ of Regional Association II, as follows:

(a) Notes this recommendation;

(b) Requests the Secretary-General to study as a matter of urgency the technical aspects and financial consequences of setting up a third Regional Office and to report to EC-XXIX.

~~:~~~:~~~!!~~_~_i~!:~~_!!l_:_~:!~~~~:~~:~!_~!_~_~:~!~~~~_~:!:~:~~~~!:~~

!~~!~!~~-~~~!::-!~-~~g~~~~

ta) Notes this recommendation;

(b) Accepts the offer of Iraq to establish a Regiohal Meteorological Training Centre in Baghdad;

(e) Requests the Secretary-General to provide appropriate support and assistance to the Iraqi authorities with a view to establish in Baghdad a Regional Meteorological Training Centre, as outlined in paragraphs 4.6.23 to 4.6.25 of the report of EC-XX.

REQUESTS the Secretary-General to bring the above d~cisions to the attention of all concerned.

CON TEN T S

List of persons attending the session ••••••••••••• s •••••••••••••••••••••••• VI

Agenda ....................................... ............................... x

General summary of the work of the session ...•............................. 1

Resolutions adopted by the session ......................................... 43

Final Session No. No.

1 4.1/1

2 4.1/2

3 4.1/3

4 4.1/4

5 4.1/5

6 4.1/6

7 4.1/7

8 4.2/1

9 4.2/2

10 4.2/3

11 4.3/1

12 4.3/2

Regional basic synoptic network ••••••••••••••••• 43

Observations from automatic weather stations for synoptic purposes ••••••••.•••••..•••.••••••• 44

Observations from data-sparse areas in Region II .................................... 45

Observations from aircraft for synoptic and tropical cyclone warning purposes ••••••••••.•••• 46

Networks of ground weather radar stations for storm-warning purposes in tropical areas of the Region ................................... 47

Meteorological satellite data reception in the Region ..........•........................ 48

Network of CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reporting stations in Region II 48

Strengthening of National Meteorological Centres ......................................... 49

Amendments to coding practices for Region II •••• 50

Rapporteur on Codes ••••.••••••••••••••••.••••••• 50

Organization of the Regional Meteorological "Telecommunication Plan for Region II (Asia)

for the World Weather Watch ••••••••••••••••••••• 51

Telecommunication procedures for Region II •••.•• 51

IV CONTENTS

Resolutions (contd.)

Final Session NZ". No.

13 4.3/3 Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunica-tions ......................................... II • 52

14 4.4/1 Mitigation of tropical cyclone damage in Asia .•. 54

15 5.2.4/1 Rapporteur on Radiation ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 55

16 5.2.4/2 Rapporteur on Atmospheric Ozone ••••••••••••••••• 56

17 6.2/1 Working Group on Hydrology...................... 57

18 6.3/1 Working Group on Agricultural Meteorology....... 59

19 6.3/4 Rapporteur on the Methodology of Establishing Climatic Analogues •... 0......................... 62

20 6.3/2 Marine meteorological services •••••••••••••••••. 62

21 6.3/3 Rapporteur on Regional Marine Meteorological Servi·ces ................ lit • II •••••••••• II 0 • • • • • • • •• 64

22 6.4/1 Meteorology and social and economic development 64

23 7.4/1 UNDP inter-country projects in Asia - Proposed seminars and conferences •••••••••••••••••••••••• 65

24 9/1 Revision of previous resolutions and recommenda-tions of the Association •••••••••••••••••••••••• 66

Recommendations adopted by the session • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ' ••••••••••• - •••••••• II •• f' 68 .

Final Session No. No.

1 3/1 Regional office for Asia •••••••••••••.•••••••••• 68

2 5.3/1 Establishment of a Regional Meteorological Centre in· Baghdad' •••••••••• ~ • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 68

Annexes

I

II

III

IV

V

VI

VII

CONTENTS

Annex to paragraph 4.3.2.1 of the general summary Review of the state of implementation and future plans of the regional telecommunication network for Region II - Asia adopted by Resolution 11 (VI-RA II) •••••••••••••••••.•••••••

Annex to Resolution 1 (VI-RA II) Regional basic synoptic network •••••••••••••••••••• ~ •..•••••

Annex to Resolution 5 (VI-RA II) Network of ground weather radar stations purposes in tropical areas for Region II

Annex to Resolution 7 (VI-RA II)

for storm warning

Network of climat and climat temp reporting stations

70

75

133

in Region II ............................................... ., 135

Annex to Resolution 9 (VI-RA II) Amendments to Chapter II, Region II - Asia of the Manual on Codes (WMO Publication No. 306)

Annex to Resolution 11 (VI-RA II)

Volume II of

Organization of the Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Plan for Region II (Asia) for the World Weather Watch •••••••

Annex to Resolution 12 (VI-RA II)

143

146

Teleaommunication procedures for Region II (Asia) ••••••••••• 155

VIII Annex to Resolution 24 (VI-RA II) Resolutions adopted prior to the sixth session and main-tained in force •••••.•••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••.••••• 159

List of documents ••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 166

v

LIST OF PERSONS ATTENDING THE SESSION

1. Officer of the session

D. Tubdendorj acting president

2. Representatives of Members of Reg,ional Association II

A. Knalek

M. S. Mawla

U Ba Kyi U Thein 'Han

Tsou Ching-meng Huang Y",n-ping Lo Chi-ping Sun Chin-yuan Chin Kuei Wang Tsai-fang Tsui Yv-nsi

Bak Ok Hyon' Sok Jon Kun

Nguyen Von Ouy Nguyen Ngoc Thuy

Y~ P. Roo C. R. V .. Raman S. K~ Dos,

A .. P. Navai P. Chahrokhcnahi (Mrs.) D. HariFi F. Hashemi J. Rahmani B. Saboktakin (Mrs.)

A. M~ Ridha A. G. J •. AI-Sultan H. K. AI-Douri A .. A. Aqrawi K. M. H .. M. Said

principal delegate

principal delegate

principal delegate delegate

principal delegate delegate delegate adviser adviseT adviser adviser

principal delegate. delegate

principal delegate delegate

principal delegate delegate delegate

principal delegate alternate delegate delegate delegate delegate

principal delegate delegate (alternate) delegate delegate delegate

Afghanistan

Bangladesh

Burma

China, People's Republic of

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Democratic Republic Q·f Viet-Nom

India

Iran

Iraq

LIST OF PERSONS ATTENDING THE SESSION

Representatives of Members of Regional Associatio~ II (contd.)

N. Arizumi M. Wada

K. M. AI-Yagout A. N. AI-Asfoor Ro A. AI-Saneh Z. A. AI-Zamel

D. Tubdendorj S. Jadambaa G. Dembereldorj Ch, Bold

A. R. So AI-Harmi T. Hoopes

Mo Rahmatullah

I. H. AI-Majed J. Sorrie

Sang Chin Lee Seung-Man Lee

Nguyen An Tang Ba Chon

A. AI-Gain A. M. AI-Shimali A. S. AI-Angary A. I. AI-Mugrin A. M. Henaidy

G. S. Jayamaha K. D. N. de Silva 1. D. T. de Mel G. E. S. Seneviratne R. Mahadeva D. G. Lo Ranatunge V. Saravanapavan A. W. Fernando D. Po Leanage A. Shanmugarajah K. K. Gunawardena K. Beneragama A. Maniccavasagar

principal delegate

principal delegute delegate delegate

principal delegate delegate delegate

principal adviser

principal

principal delegate

principal delegate

principal delegate

principal delegate delegate delegate delegate

principal delegate adviser adviser adviser adviser adviser adviser adviser adviser adviser adviser adviser

delegate

delegate

delegate·

delegate

delegate

delegate

delegate

delegate

delegate

delegate

Japan

Kuwait

Mongolia

Oman

Pakistan

Qatar

Republic of Korea

Republic of South Viet-Nam

Saudi Arabia

Sri Lanka

VII

VIII LIST OF PERSONS ATTENDING THE SESSION

Representatives cf Members cf Regicnal Asscciation II (contd.)

C. Charcen-rajapark S. Tums.aroch

Yu. A. Izrael S. S. Hcdkin S. T .. Douis.senov Yu. A. Khabarov Yo G. Zogainov

Y. S,., El-Haj M. Abu-Gharbieh

principal delegate delegate

principal delegate delegate· delegate delegate delegate

principal delegate adviser

Thailand

Unicn cf Scviet Sccialist Republics

Yemen

3. Representa.tives cf WHO Members not. belonging to. the Asscciaticn

A. F .. M,. Hassan cbserver Egypt r Arab Republic cf

10 A. Jubair observer Philippines

N'a Eo. Johnson cbserveli United States cf America

4. Representatives cf internaticl!2l crganizations

S. K.. Boner jee D,. Speldowinde P. S. H. Ayyar

B. J. Kukielka

F. A. L. Oliveilia

U. A. Knateeb

K. A. T. Nikapitiya

5. WMO Secretariat

United Nations Develcpment P'rogramme

Wcrld Health Organizaticn

Internaticnal Civil Aviaticn Organizaticn

Intelinoticnal Air Transpcrt Asscciaticn

Internaticnal Ccmmissicn cn Irrigation and Drainage

Secretary-General (9 and 10 September 1975)

6.

WMO

G.

R.

To

S.

J.

Secretariat

K" Weiss

Foote

Nitta

Gupta

van Egmond

LIST OF PERSONS ATTENDING THE SESSION

(contd.)

Director, World Weather Watch Department

Director, Technical Co-operation Department (15 and 16 September 1975)

(9-15 September 1975)

Secretariat of the session

R. Mahadeva

J. C. Kariyawasam

W. Gangoda

T. K. Fernando

IX

Agenda item No.

AGENDA

OPENING OF THE SESSION

ORGANIZATION OF THE SESSION

2.1 Consideration of the reEort on credentials

2.2 Adoption of the agenda

20 3 Establishment of committees

204 Other organizational questions

3. REPORT BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE ASSOCIATION

40 WORLD WEATHER WATCH PROGRAMME - REGIONAL ASPECTS

401 Observing system

4.2 Data-processing system (includi~ regional codes _~nd support to the_Area Forecas~te~

Telecommunication system

Mitigati~Q of tropical ~lone damage in Asia

5" PROGRAMME ON EDUCATION, TRAINING AND RESEARCH - REGIONAL ASPECTS

Relevant documents

PINK 15

PINK 15

1; 2

12; PINK 11

15; 19; PINK 1; PINK I, ADD. 1

11; 16; 32; PINK 6; PINK 10

3; 10., 13; 30; PINK 14

21; PINK 8

5.1 Global Atmospheric Research Programme 27; PINK 4

5.2 Other research activities

50 2.1 Weather modification 20; PINK 2

5.202 Tropical meteorology research 5; 14; PINK 5

1

l' I 2· I 3· I

4· , 5' I 6; 7

8· , 9· , 10

11; 12; 13

14

~enda

.itemli~:..

5 0 2.3 Numerical weather prediction

AGENDA

Relevant documents

PINK 3

50 2.4 Atmospheric radiation and ozone 9; 28; 29; PINK 7 15; 16

5.3 Education and train~

60 PROGRAMME ON THE INTERACTION OF MAN AND HIS ENVIRONMENT - REGIONAL ASPECTS

6.1

6.2

6.3

Climatology

~y:drolo..£!X.

A~lication of meteorology and c)}matology to _o..aricul ture ... aviation, ocean act!,y.!'-U.~llviron"l~ntal £~llutio~~~~ot~er human activities

Met~~~ in relati~n to social and eso~~mic develoyment

TECHNICAL CO-OPERATION PROGRAMME

24; PINK 19

6; 31; PINK 12

17; 23; PINK 13

8; 18; 25; 26; PINK 16

7; PINK 9

22; PINK 17

80 SCIENTIFIC LECTURES AND DISCUSSIONS PINK 20

9. REVIEW OF PREVIOUS RESOLUTIONS AND 4; PINK 21 RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION AND OF RELEVANT EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE RESOLUTIONS

ELECTION OF OFFICERS PINK 18

11. DATE AND PLACE OF THE SEVENTH SESSION

120 CLOSURE OF THE SESSION

17

18; 19; 20; 21

22

23

24

XI

2

GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE WORK OF THE SESSION

OPENING OF THE SESSION (Agenda item 1)

1.1 At the invitation of the Government of Sri Lanka, the sixth session of Regional Association II (Asia) ' .... as held in Colombo from 8 to 18 September 1975. The session took place at the Bandaranaike Memorial International Conference Hall, where excellent facilities were provided for the work of the session. The session was opened at 10 a.m. on 8 September 1975 by Mr. D. Tubdendorj, acting president of the Association.

1.2 Mro Go So Jayamaha, Director of the Department of Meteorology of Sri Lanka, extanded a welcome to the Prime Minister of Sri Lanka, Her Excellency Mrs o Sirimavo Bandaranaike, the Minister of Industries and Scientific Affairs, His Excellency Mr. T. B. Subasinghe, the Secretary-General of WMO, Dr. D. A. Davies, an~ to the participants at the sessiono Mr. Jayamaha stated that the session was being held at a time of increasing realization of the significance of weather and climate in ~ractically all the activities in which mankind was engaged and that the vital role meteorologists had to perform in the planning and implementation of most of the national and international social and economic programmes was clearly understood and appreciated. The Asian region contained the largest population of the world and was made up of a large number of developing countries. Notwithstanding budgetary prob­lems and difficulties in the field of training, research, technical know-how, experience and instrumentation, Regional Association II had an important role to play in the activities of WMO. Mr. Jayamaha expressed his conviction that the dis­cussions would lead to the formulation of a realistic and constructive programme which would take into account the problems of the Region.

1.3 Her Excellency Mrs. Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka, welcomed all participants at the sixth session of RA II. Most scientists and administrators rsalized, she said, that meteorology was a factor that could not be overlooked in the planning and implementation of practically every social and eco­nomic developmeht programme o She referred to some global problems, such as shortage of food and decrease of national resources, and added that meteorologists could effectively assist other scientists in their respective fields. The different topics included in the agenda all had a direct bearing on the improvement of the social and economic conditions of mankind. Recalling the importance of the co-operation and -assistance which Sri Lanka had received from various countries, thus making it possible to i~prove the different services rendered to the various aspects of human life, the Prime Minister mentioned the relevant decisions taken by Congress and stressed that the horizon of the common man in most parts of the world was still narrowed by his daily struggle for a reasonably satisfactory level of nutrition. Until the world reached its goal of producing adequate food for its millions, the other applications of meteorological technology would have anly a remote signifi­cance for the majority of the world's peoples. The Prime Minister expressed the wish and expectation that the deliberations of the session would be most fruitful and that another chapter would be added to the success of WMO as an organization of great relevance to the needs of our time.

2 GENERAL SUMMARY

104 Dro Do Ao Davies, Secretary-General of WMO, expressed his heartfelt thanks to the Prime Minister, and through her to the Government of Sri Lanka, for their kind invitation end hospitality and congratulated the Department of Meteorology on the excellent arrangements which had been made. He underlined the importance of sessions of regional associations in general, and of that session in particular, since more than twenty Members of the Region were represented. Dr. Davies extended a particular welcome to the Delegations of the People's Republic of China, Bangladesh, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Democratic Republic of Viet-Nam, Oman, Qatar and Yemen, who were participating in a session of Regional Association II for the first time. The session was also important since it would need to consider the steps to be taken to respond to the decisions and requests addressed to the regional associations by Congress earlier in the year. The Secretary-General wished the participants every success in their work under the competent guidance of Mr. Tubdendorjo

1.5 Mr. A. P. Navai, First Vice-President of WMO y in addressing the ses­sion, associated himself with the previous speakers regarding the welcome received from the host country and the excellent arrangements which had been madeo He recalled the activities of the Region since its previous session in which he had participated as President of RA IIo Mr. Navai thanked all Members of the Region for their collaboration and said that he was looking forward to a successful ses­sion o

1.6 Mr. Do Tubdendorj, acting president of Regional Association II, also thanked the Prime Minister of Sri Lanka and the Government of Sri Lanka for their kind invitation to host the session. He extended a warm welcome to all participants at the session and thanked the chairman" and members of all working groups and rapporteurs for their valuable work since the fifth session. Mr. Tubdendorj men­tioned that in recent times there had been an ever increasing realization of the role of meteorology in various humon activities and said that the spirit of mutual co-operation and understanding was traditional among meteorologists of all nationso In conclusion, he wished the session every success and the participants a pleasant stay ~n Colombo.

107 Mro Ko Do No de Silva, Deputy Director of the Department of Meteoro-logy of Sri Lanka, pr~posed a vote of thanks to all presento He said that the exchange of views on the different aspects of meteorology and its application w~s "bound to be of mutual benefit to the countries of the Region o Mr. de Silva thanked all who had rendered assistance and co-operation in organizing the session.

2. ORGANIZATION OF THE SESSIO~ (Agenda item 2)

2~lol As provided for in the General Regulations, the credentials were examined by the representative of the Secretary-General, Dr. Go Ko Weiss, who presented an oral report on the list of countries represented at the session and also on the list of countries who had sent observers to the session o This report was accepted by the Association and it was consequently decided that it would not be necessary to establish a Credentials Committee.

GENERAL SUMMARY

20102 There were 85 participants at the session, including representatives of twenty-two Members of the Association, three other Members of the Organization and five international organizationso The list of participants and the capacities in which they attended the session is given at the beginning of this reporto

2.2 Adoption of the agenda (Agenda item 2.2)

The provisional agenda for the session was unanimously adopted and is given at the beginning of this reporto

Establishment of com~ittees (Agenda item 2 0 3)

In accordance with General Regulation 23, a Nomination Committee was established, composed of the principal delegates of Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan.

3

Two working committees, working consecutively, were set up to examine in detail the various agenda items~

(a) Committee A was entrusted with agenda items 4, 7 and 9. Mro G. S. Jayamaha (~ri Lanka) served as chairman, Mro Ao Al-Gain (Saudi A~~bia) as vice-chairman and Mr. J o van Egmond (WMO Secretariat) as secretary of this committee;

(b) Committee B dealt with agenda items 5 and 60 Dro Yo Po Rao (India) served as chairman, Mr. Ao Khalek (Afghanistan) as vice-chairman and Mro So Gupta (WMO Secretariat) as secretary of the committee o

Agenda item 3 was referred to both committees, whilst the remaining items were considered at plenary sessions.

Co-ordination Committee

In accordance with General Regulations 23 and 271 a Co-ordination Committee was established , consisting of the acting president, the representative of the Secretary-General and the chairmen of Committees A and Bo

204 Other ora~niz~tional~u9stions (Agenda item 2.4)

Under this agenda item the Association decided on the working hours for the meetings and authorized the acting president to approve on its behalf those minutes of plenary meetings which could not be approved during the session o

4 GENERAL SUMMARY

3. REPORT BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE ASSOCIATION (Agenda item 3)

3 0 1 The Association expressed its appreciation of the report presented by the acting president of the Association o The Association also thanked Mr. Ao P. Navai for his excellent work as president of the Association in the period from the fifth session up to his unanimous election as First Vice-President at Seventh Congress. Most of the questions raised in the report of the acting president were referred to the working committees for consideration under the appropriate items of the agendao

3 0 2 Under this item the Association also had a general discussion on the future work programme o There was a concensus of opinion that the completion of implementation of basic WWW facilities, in particular GOS and GTS in the southern part of Region IIJ was most important. The Association appealed to Members con­cerned to take appropriate steps with a view to completing the implementation of the regional basic synoptic network and of the regional meteorological telecommunica­tion network o The Association stressed the need for training an adequate number of personnelJ in particular in the developing countries of the Region. The Association requested the Secretary-General to assist the developing countries in Region II in their endeavour to upgrade their serviceso

~3 The Association agreed to the following list of priority activities during the next four years:

(a) Agricultural meteorology;

(b) Meteorological aspects of arid zone research including pastoral nomadism;

(c) Marine activities s~ch as prOV1S10n of services for off-shore operations and ship routeing;

(d) . Storage, filing and retrieval of data for applications (in particular hydrometeorological data needed for social and economic development projects);

(e) Environmental pollution; ,

(f) Regional aspects of possible climatic fluctuations;

(g) Regional hydrological qeestionso

3.4 The Association further considered that working groups of the Association should endeavour to carry out their work to a large extent by corres­pondenceo It was agreedJ however, that the working groupsJ in particular the Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunicationsr would need financial assistance from the Organization with regard to translationr interpretation and documentation services as well as some financial assistance for participants. The Association also felt that there was a need to convene informal planning meetings (e.g. for planning a multinational project for the establishment of(~satellite centre(s» and also implementation co-ordination meetings on specific topics o

GENERAL SUMMARY 5

3.5 Seventh Congress considered the proposal by the Secretary-General to establish a regional office in the Secretariat to assist Regional Associations II (Asia), V (South-west Pacific) and VI (Europe), in addition to the existing offices for Africa and Latin America. Congress felt that the regional associations con­cerned should have an opportunity to discuss the matter before a decision was taken. The Association felt that a regional office for Asia was urgently needed to assist the developing countries in the Region in the development of their Meteorological/ Hydrological Services. It therefore requested the Executive Committee to study, as a matter of urgency, the possibility of setting up a regional office for Asio with the terms of reference set forth in paragraph 5.202 of the general summary of the abridged report of Seventh Congress. Recommendation 1 (VI-RA II) was adopted.

WORLD WEATHER WATCH PROGRAMME - REGIONAL ASPECTS (Agenda item 4)

4.1 ~ving system (Agenda item 401)

4010101 The Association noted that the Global Observing System (GOS), as outlined in the World Weather Watch plan for the period 1976-1979, was composed of the following elements: the surface-based subsystem consisting, inter alia, of the regional basic synoptic networks,including automatic weather stations, back­ground pollution stations, fixed ocean stations, research and special-purpose vessels, mobile ships, automatic marine stations, ground weather-radar stations, radiation stations, aircraft weotherreports, weather reconnaissance flights, and the space-based subsystem composed of the near-polar orbiting satellites and the geostationary satellites. The Association also noted that for the provision of adequate meteorological service a sufficient amount of observational data must be available. Members were therefore urged to maintain the present observing networks and facilities, without reduction, and to spare no effort to improve the observing networks and the regularity of reporting the observations made, wherever the standard set in the WHO Technical Regulations and appropriate Guides had not yet been attained. Unless special efforts were made, there was a real danger that advances made on data processing and numerical modelling, in particular regarding the First GARP Global Experiment (FGGE), might be negated by the low quality or irregularity of the availability of the basic data on which the quality of all fore­casts, including storm warnings, depended.

4.1.2

General

4.1.2.1 In revising the observing system in Region II, the Association noted the statement in the WWW plan that the surface-based subsystem would continue in the period 1976-1979 to be the main source of information required to meet the global, regional and national needs o Heavy reliance would therefore be put on the various components of the surface-based subsystem, and information from the space-based sub­system would complement the data obtained from the surface-based subsystem to an increasing degree.

6 . GENERAL SUMMARY

401.202 The Association examined its previous decisions on the basic synoptic network of surface and upper-air stations and amended it, taking fully into account the provisions contained in the WWW plan, the FGGE requirements, the data needs for tropical cyclone warnings and forecasting, as well as the specific needs of Members of the Region for additional observational data required for operational and research purposes o

40102.3 The Association noted the action taken by the president of the Association in allocating block numbers 50 to 59 to the Meteorological Service of the People's Republic of China •. It authorized its president to amend, in consulta­tion with the Secretary-General, the allocation of block numbers if so requested by Members concernedo

40102.4 Furthermore, the Association noted that the density requirement set out in the World Weather Watch plan and in the WMO Technical Regulations was being met by the regional basic synoptic network in a large part of the Regiono However, it was recognized that in other parts of the Region, more particularly in the southern part of the Region where data-sparse areas were identified, the implementation of the observing system had not yet reached the required level. Members concerned were requested to take appropriate action to achieve the required impl~mentation, in parti­cular regarding the surface synoptic observations at the main standard times (0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 GMT) and the upper-air observations at 0000 and 1200 GMT, with specific emphasis on the wind observations in the tropical areas o The Association agreed to urge Members to continue their efforts to maintain the existing network and to improve it whenever required, particularly in the areas of the Region where deficiencies had been identified o Resolution 1 (VI-RA II) was adopted.

~r!n:i£a~ ~a~d_s!a!i~n~

4.1.2.5 The A~sociation confirmed that, with a view to ensuring a high standard of the surface-based stations included in the regional basic synoptic network, these stations should, in general, conform to the specifications laid down for principal land stations in the WMO Technical Regulations o This decision was incorporated in Resolution 1 (VI-RA II), establishing the basic synoptic network of Region II.

Automatic weather stations

4.1.2.6 The Association noted that, in response to the provisions of the WWW plan and of Resolution 6 (V-RA II), several Members of the Association had established, and others planned to establish, automatic weather stations to supplement the required observations at stations of the regional basic synoptic network or to permit to a limited extent the implementation of stations of that network when the establish­ment of manned stations was difficulto In this connexion, the Association urged Members concerned to establish automatic weather stations, in particular in data­sparse areas, in arctic or desert areas, and in ocean areas o It further decided to invite Members concerned to arrange for the regular distribution, on a regional

GENERAL SUMMARY 7

basis, of reports from automatic weather stations, preferably in the standard WMO international code form FM Il-V SYNOP o It also requested Members to send information on the location and observing programmes of automatic weather stations to the Secretary-General for inclusion in Volume A of WMO Publication No. 9 or any other appropriate WMO publications and documents. Members requested that the geostationary satellites make provision to collect reports from some automatic wecither stations from different countries within their telecommunication range. Resolution 2 (VI-RA II) was adopted.

401.207 The Association noted that the statistics presented by the Secretary-General on various occasions showed that the availability of upper-air data for some stations located in Region II was not reachjn~ th~ desired level o This was caused partly by telecommunication shortcomings and partly due to the irregularity of the observati.ons o The Association urged Members concerned to take appropriate action to ensure increased regularity of observations, strict adherence to the WMO standard coding procedures and timeliness of completion of coding and presentation to the telecommunication system of the upper-air reports, i.e. within 75 minutes of the standard time of observation. In this connexion, the Association requested the Secretary-General to monitor, as a matter of urgency, the performance of the upper­air network in the Region, particularly in the southern part of it and adjacent areas,. and inform Members concerned of any shortcomings relating to their stations.

4.102.8 The Association noted the guidance provided by the Commission for Atmospheric Sciences on the desirable density and frequency of upper-air observa­tions reaching the 10 mb level for a global network, according to which "'a global network with an average spacing of 1 000 km and.one observation per day would be a goal for the 10 mb level"o It also noted that a survey on this subject had been conducted in 1972 by the Secretariat and that the results of this inquiry showed that for the Region the average percentage of soundings reaching the 10 mb level was 15 per cento However, considering the accuracy of measurement of radiosondes at that height and that the random errors in determining geopotential heights of levels increase rapidly with height, it was felt that the average spacing of 1 000 km should be applied only in the case of an ideal homogeneous network of the highest quality and that in all other cases a network of a considerably higher density was required o For practical reasons and taking into account economical aspects, the Association felt that all stations should attempt to reach the 10 mb level. In view of the operational requirements of the FGGE, the Association agreed, however, that all upper-air stations in the regional basic synoptic network should endeavour to carry out radiosonde and radiowind observations reaching regularly* at least the 30 mb level at 0000 and :1200'GMT and radiowind observations reaching regularly at least the 70 mb level at 0600 and 1800 GMT o The carrying out of radiowind observa­tions at 0000 and 1200 GMT should receive priority over radiowind observations at 0600 and 1800 GMT o

* The word "regularly" means that the levels indicated should be reached with a frequency of at least 90 per cent of the ascents.

8 GENERAL SUMMARY

Fixed ocean stations

4.1.2.9 The Association recognized that of the network of five fixed ocean stations in Region II, only one station, "Tango", operated by Japan, was in regular service. However, the Association noted that additional surface and upper-air data from the ocean areas of Region II were required to meet the WWW and FGGE require­ments. It appealed to Members of the Association to study the possibility of setting up additional fixed ocean stations l in particular in the tropical belt and the ocean areas of the Region. In addition to the above action, the Association reiterated the need to make larger use of possibilities of remote islands to set up synoptic stations, as well as of buoys, mobile ships, aircraft, research and fishing vessels and satellites for the acquisition of additional observational data.

4.1.2.10 The Association noted with satisfaction the information contained in the International List of Selected, Supplementary and Auxiliary Ships, according to which 2 155 observing ships had been recruited in 1975 by Members in the Region, representing an'increase of 15 per cent as compared with the corresponding figures for 1970. The Association also noted the request of Seventh Congress that Members operating coastal radio stations for ship-shore communications adhere strictly to the international regulations concerning the transmission of weather reports and improve the operation of coastal radio stations to meet international requirements. The Association urged Members to initiate the appropriate action in conformity with the Cg-VII resolution. In addition the Association urged Members to ensure that all ships' weather reports received by coastal radio stations were promptly trans­mitted by the NMC to the appropriate RHT for regional and global distribution. In this connexion, the Association noted the aeronautical requirements as expressed by Recommendation 12/4 of the ASIA/PAC RAN Meeting of lCAO (Honolulu, September 1973).

4.1.2.11 The Association also noted the change in watch-keeping hours of radio operators on 1 January 1976. Since the new procedures may result in a reduction in the transmission of reports from single-operator ships to coastal radio stations in some ocean areas, .the Association urged its Members to take such action as proposed by Recommendation 1 (VI-RA VI) as approved by EC-XXVII, namely, that:

".0. Meteorological Services approach their National Telecommunication Administration and the ship owners' association with a view to developing appropriate instructions on watch-keeping hours for ships of the third and fourth category to ensure that as many as possible ships' weather reports for main synoptic hours (00, 06, 12 and 18 GMT) can be transmitted promptly to the appropriate coastal radio station."

401.2.12 The present telecommunication arrangements for the collection of ships' weather reports by the use of the Maritime Mobile Service cannot fully meet the WWW requirements, even if all improvements feasible are achieved. The Association invited Members to use new techniques for the collection of weather reports from mobile ships, in particular the use of the data-collection capabilities offered by geostationary meteorological satellites. In order to allow Members to make use of these capabilities, it requested the Secretary-General to make arrange­ments for the distribution of appropriate material at an early dateo

GENERAL SUMMARY 9

4.1.2.13 The Association urged Members to spare no effort to improve the observational system in the data-sparse ocean areas in Region II (Asia). Resolution 3 (VI-RA II) was adopted.

Aircraft observations

4.1.2014 The Association was informed that the ICAO ASIA/PAC Regional Air Navigation Meeting in 1973 had noted that further improvement was required in the handling of AIREPs and had recommended the development of local handling procedures involving co-operation between ATS, COM and MET personnel. A survey of the reception of air weather reports was planned for 1974 or 1975 and WMO was invited to participate in so far as the reception at regional collecting centres was concerned. The Association was informed that this survey had taken place from 1 to 7 September 1975. The Association invited the Secretary-General of WMO to communicate the results of this survey, as soon as the results were available, to all interested. It was also noted that the forthcoming Ninth Air Navigation Conference would review the aircraft weather-reporting procedures.

4.1.2.15 The Association attached particular importance to the efficient acquisition and processing of meteorological data obtained from commercial aircraft. It noted in this connexion that Seventh Congress had urged Members to impress on their aeronautical authorities the need for all air reports received at air traffic control centres and air-ground communication stations to be distributed promptlyo The Association requested Members to ensure that all in-flight reports received from aeronautical services and all post-flight reports delivered by air crews at Meteorological Offices at airports were promptly distributed as basic data on the GTS o Resolution 4 (VI-RA II) was adopted.

Ground weather radar stations

4.1.2.16 The Association noted that at the beginning of 1974 Members of the Region had indicated that 68 radar sets were in operation and that 16 others were planned to be installed by the end of 1975. The Association also noted that both the WMO/ESCAP Typhoon Committee and the WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones had suggested that a network of weather radar station~ be installed, preferably using 10 cm weather radar, for cyclone warning purposes by their member countries, most of which are also Members of the Region. The Association, in view of the great import­ance of this project, endorsed this project and decided to encourage Members to establish such networks. Resolution 5 (VI-RA II) was adopted.

4.1.3

4.1.301 The Association took note of the WWW plan for 1976-1979 and WMO Publication No. 411 which describe in detail the future satellite system expected to be in operation during.the FGGE in 1978-1979.

4.1.3 02 The Members of the Region expressed keen interest in the system of five planned geostationary satellites to be jointly operated by the U.SoA., the U.S.S.R., Japan and ESA o These five satellites will cover the entire globe between

10 GENERAL SUMMARY

600 N and 600 S and will continuously provide data in both the visible and infra-red spectral regions.

4.1.3.3 In this connexion, the Association expressed keen interest in the geostationary satellites to be launched by the U.S.S.R. (700 E) and Japan (1400 E) and on the results of the Co-ordination Meetings' on Geostationary Meteorological Satellites and the conclusions of the second session of the Executive Committee Panel of Experts on Meteorological Satellites.

4.1.3.4 The Association was also aware of the WEFAX transmissions from the geostationary satellites and urged its Members to study the possibility of establishing the required ground receiving facilities to acquire the data that will be available from geostationary satellite systems. The Association requested the Secretary-General to inform Members on the technical characteristics of the trans­mission, the equipment required, modifications and additions required at the present APT receiving stations to receive the WEFAX transmissions.

Near-polar orbiting satellites - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4.1.3.5 It was noted that several Members of the Region had been using the cloud imagery obtained as a routine from the polar-orbiting satellites of the UoS.Ao and the U.S.S.Ro

4.1.3.6 It was also noted that several Members of the Region had known for some time that satellite-derived temperature and humidity values had been distri­buted via the GTS to RMCs and NMCs in the Region and that radiance measurements to obtain vertical temperature and humidity profiles had been broadcast on a real­time mode via the satellite beacon. They were very much interested in exploring the possibilities of establishing, perhaps through multinational efforts, a ground station and the associated data-processing facilities to receive these data for the Region.

4.1.3.7 In this connexion, the Members, aware of the various satellite products that were becoming available on the GTS, examined the most convenient way of obtaining these products for distribution to all Members of the Region, without duplication of efforts (i.e. by means of exchange' through the GTS, and the direct reception of some of them, through APT stations).

Direct read-out stations

4.1 0 3.8 The Association noted that there existed some 34 APT recelvlng stations and that Members had plans to establish eight more stations. The Members of the Region noted with interest the increasing number of direct broadcasts that were becoming available, such as the High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT), WEFAX and Vertical Temperature Profile Information.

4.1.3.9 The Association, considering the complexity and the cost of direct broadcasts, urged its Members to establish bilateral and multilateral co-operative programmes to obtain a maximum amount of satellite data and products and reduce the overall cost of establishing ground receiving and processing facilities~

GENERAL SUMMARY 11

4.1.3.10 Furthermore, the Association felt that a regional seminar, preferably with the assistance of UNDP, should be organized as soon as possible in order to ensure that Members of the Region could make maximum use of satellite data for the various fields of application including meteorologyy hydrology, oceanography and other environmental studies. Resolution 6 (VI-RA II) was adopted.

4.1.4

The Association recognized that full implementation of the WWW Global Observing System in the developing countries of Region II might not always be possible from national resources. It was therefore felt that support from the UNDP, VAP and other assistance programmes would be required to upgrade the surface­based observing sub-system, in particular in respect of radiosonde and radiowind observations in the southern part of the Region. Support may also be needed for the installation of facilities for the direct reception of satellite information (see also paragraph 4.1.3.7 above).

4.1.5 ~~!~~:~:_~i_~~!~!_~~~_~~!~!_!~~~_:~~~:!!~~_:!~!!~~:

The Association revised the networks of CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reporting stations in the Region. In order that changes in these networks might be made without unnecessary administrative procedures, the Association decided to authorize its president to approve such changes in consultation with the Secretary­General. Resolution 7 (VI-RA II) was adopted accordingly. The procedures for the exchange of CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reports are laid down in the Manual on the GTS (Volume II (Regional Aspects) Asia, Part II (Telecommunication Procedures for Region II (Asia)). .

4.2

4.2.1

Data-processing system (including regional codes and support to the Area Forecast System) (Agenda item 4.2)

, Statement of requirementi for observational data and processed :lntormatIon---------------------------------------------------

4.2.101 Before considering the regional aspects of the Global Data-processing System, the Association emphasized the fact that the timely and reliable reception of observational data at the RMCs and NMCs was a prerequisite for these centres to fulfil their data-processing functions efficiently. The existing deficiencies in the observing and telecommunication systems in Region II were therefore identified when discussing agenda items 401 and 4.3 respectively, where appropriate decisions were also taken aiming at the full implementation of the GOS and the GTS in the Region. The Association felt that this action also met the purposes of Recommenda­tions 4 and 6 (VI-RA VI), inviting RA II to implement its regional basic synoptic network and its regional meteorological telecommunication plan in order to meet the requirements of the WWW.

402.1.2 The requirements of the Association for data obtained by meteorologi-cal satellites were considered, and it was concluded that in general the currently available data were very useful for operational work and research purposes. The Association expressed its appreciation to those Members operating meteorological

12 GENERAL SUMMARY

satellites and making available to the international meteorological community the data obtained by these satellites.

402.103 As regards requirements for processed information, in particular for the output products of WMCs and RMCs, the Association noted that inquiries on this subject were addressed at regular intervals to each Member of WMO. Details of the practical regional arrangements for meeting the requirements of Members are given in paragraph 4.2.2 below.

4.2.2 Implementation of the real-time functions of GDPS centres in ~~~!~~=!!---------------------------------------------------

4.202.1 The Association reviewed the output product programmes of the WMCs (Melbourne, Moscow, Washington) as well as of the RMCs in the Region, namely Khabarovsk, New Delhi, Novosibirsk, Tashkent and Tokyo. It noted with appreciation that these programmes met, in general, the requirements of the Members of RA II as fpr as the types of processed information were concerned. It was recognized that the quality of the different output products might be considerably improved if more observational data were available at the RMCs in Region II. The Association therefore stressed the need to implement fully, and as a matter of urgency, the basic synoptic network in Region II and to improve the operation of the GTS to ensure that all available observational data were received at the processing centres within two hours of the time of observation. In this connexion, the need to trans­mit missing and mutilated observational data upon request of the processing centres was also emphasized (see also items 4.1 and 4.3)0

4.202.2 The Association noted that there was a need to review the methods and formats for the regional distribution of the above-mentioned output products, with special regard to the use of the GRID code for~ and to the priorities for distribution. The Association invited the Secretary-General to request Members of the Association to indicate their technical capabilities for accepting as well as using processed information in the GRID code form. The results of this inquiry should be brought to the attention of WMCs and RMCs to enable these centres to prepare in GRID code form the output products required by Members of the Region. The RA II Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications was requested to arrange for the distribution of this type of information after the detailed requirements of Members have been made known.

402.2.3 The Association noted that National Meteorological Centres were a very important element in the GDPS, since it was only through them that countries could benefit from the WWW. The main functions of NMCs in the field of data processing are the issuing of forecasts and warnings to national and inter­national users, as appropriate. Specifically, the NMCs in Region II should carry out the following functions:

(a) Collection and storage of observational data from stations in the respective country and/or those received at radio statiqns located in the country (ships and aircraft weather reports, satellite pictures, etco);

GENERAL SUMMARY

(b) Quality control and checking of observational data prior to distribution to other Membe~s, on a real-time basis for transmission on the GTS, or non-rea I-time basis for distribution by mail;

(c) Receipt and prdcessing of observational data (real-time and non-real-time) as required to meet national requirements mainly in support of socio-economic development;

(d) Receipt of processed data and their use to support various activities in the country together with (c) above or to meet international obligations;

(e) Transmission and distribution of observational data and processed information as required and in conformity with the provisions set forth in the Manual on the GTS o

In accordance with the directive of the WWW plan that "each Member should ensure that it has an NMC adequately manned and equipped to enable it to play its full part in the WWW and to ensure that the full benefits of the informa­tion obtained from the WWW are reaped on a national level~', the Asso(k:iation encouraged its Members to develop their own analysis and forecasting capability. Members were also urged to equip their NMCs with adequate facilities and employ a sufficient number of highly trained personnel where this had not yet been done. Resolution 8 (VI-RA II) was adoptedo

4.2.2.4 Members of RA II had been' urged by Resolution 9 (V-RA II) to arrange

13

for their professional staff working at NMCs and RMCs to visit other centres with a view to exchanging experience and improving co-ordination between those centres. The Association noted that such visits were very useful and that this practice needed to be continued. It was agreed to keep this resolution in force.

402.2.5 In respect of the real-time quality control of observational data at the national level, the Association again emphasized the importance of this data­processing function. It was stressed that real-time quality control should be carried out primarily at the observing stations and secondly at NMCs. The Associa­tion considered. it indispensable that observers be adequately trained and that stations be visited frequently with the aim of inspecting the instruments, verifying the methods used by the observers and providing advice to them o

4.2.2.6 The Association urged the WMCs and RMCs to carry out regular verifica-tion of their prediction charts and also to publish the results regularlyo It requested the Secretary-General to distribute the results of these verifications, as provided by the different WMCs and RMCs, to all Members of the Association.

4.2.3 Storage and retrivalof data (non-real-time functions of ------------}-------------------------------------------GDPS centres ------------4.2.3.1 The Association noted that some details of the GDPS storage and retrieval service had been worked out by CBS on the basis of the directives laid

14 GENERAL SUMMARY

down in the WWW plan and that they had been published in 1975 in Volume I of the Guide on the Global Data-processing System. It was noted that, in accordance with those procedures, NMCs should collect, archive and ensure the ready retrieval on standard physical media of all data originating from their observing stations. The Association also noted that the elaboration of further specifications for these procedures would be one of the major· projects of CBS in the years to come.

4.2.4

4.2.4.1 In respect of the preparation and exchange of output products in support of civil aviation, the Association noted that close co-ordination continued to exist between the World Weather Watch and the ICAD Area Forecast System, in particular due to the fact that the AFCs serving in the Region (Moscow, New Delhi and Tokyo) are co-located with RMCs. In this connexion~ the Association noted with interest Recommendation 13/4 of the ICAD Eighth Air Navigation Conference and the conjoint Extraordinary Session of CAeM (Montreal, April-May 1974), which suggested that~

IlICAD, in consultation with WMO, undertake a fundamerital review of regional area forecast systems, with a view to creating, as far as practicable, a unified world-wide system, by improving interregional co-ordination, increasing standardization and reducing, as much as possible, duplica­tion and overlap; this review should also take into account any necessary co-ordination between Area Forecast System and WWW planning."

The Association expressed the hope that such a review would, as foreseen by the recommendation, strengthen the necessary co-ordination between the Area Forecast System and the WWW. The arrangements for the distribution of the AFCs' products were discussed under item 4.3.

4.2.4.2 The ways in which the GDPS could support climatol$gy and operational hydrology were discussed when dealing with agenda items 6.1 and 6.2 respectively, and the relevant conclusions of the Association are recorded under these items. The possibilities and forms of GDPS support to marine activities were discussed in the light of the report of the Rapporteur on Applications of Meteorologioal and Climatological Information to Marine Activities. Recognizing the importance of the contribution of meteorology to increasing food production and noting the relevant decisions of Seventh Congress, the Association gave serious consideration to the role of the GDPS in the Region in this connexion. The conclusions of the Association on these matters are reco~ded under agen~a item 6.3.

4.2.4.3 The Association recognized the need for support of operational hydrology by the WWW plan. This support will consist of provision of products, archiving and storage of hydrological data and the collection and transmission of observational and processed data for the implementation of hydrological programmes (see also paragraph 6.2).

GENERAL SUMMARY 15

4.205 The Association stressed the need for the expansion and improvement of the data-processing activities at the national level. It felt that the provision of a regional expert to advise Members of the Region on the various aspects of data processing, in particular on the ways and means for the automation of data collec­tion, processing and storage, would give considerable help to the national Meteoro­logical Services in developing countries in planning GDPS activities. It therefore requested the Secretary-General to explore the possibilities for arranging such an expert mission under the various assistance programmes.

4.2.6 The Association also stressed the need for closer regional co-operation in order to promote GDPS activities in the Region. It was felt that it would be useful to arrange implementation co-ordination meetings on a sub-regional level, to discuss specific problems relating to real-time and non-real-time data­processing activities, exchange of views on hardware and software systems and the possible pooling of resources. It requested the president of Regional Association II, in consultation with the Secretary-General, to arrange for such meetings.

4.2.7

4.2.7.1 The Association noted with appreciation the report of the RA II representative on the CBS Working Group on Codes and the proposals for certain amendments to the practices concerning the use of codes in Region II. The Association accepted the proposals of the rapporteur. Resolution 9 (VI-RA II) was adopted.

4.2.7.2 The Association noted that the codes FM 20-V RADOB and FM 85-VI SAREP contain.d sections for code gr~ups'to -be deve~oped regionally and disoussed the need for developing such groups. It was agreed that there was no need to develop any regional procedures in this re.spect for the time being.

4.2.7.3 The Association also noted the adoption by CBS-VI of'the new codes FM 67-VI HYDRA and FM 68-VI ~VFOR. It was agreed that the use of the various sections of these code forms should be left to the discretion of national Services.

4.2.7.4 In connexion _withithe implementation of the hydrological codes the Association considered the list of in~~.c;:_a~ive figures for Region II of the inter­national basins (BB) and countries (Cl) in-w~fch'tlie/hydrologicalstation was situated and requested its newly esta~li~hed~~g Group on Hydrology (s~e section 6.2.9) to continue the study of this subject.

4.2.7.5 The Association noted that some countries in Region II included in accordance with Recommendation 9 (CSM-V) the code group 4vbvbvava (vertical wind

shear) in Part A (Section 4) of TEMP reports and recognized the importance of this information for aeronautical purposes. In view of the importance of this informa­tion for aeronautical purposes, the Association agreed that this group should be included in TEMP reports as often as possible.

4.2.7.6 The Association noted that a number of regional associations and Members in RA II were using Section 9 of Part B of TEMP reports for the exchange

16 GENERAL SUMMARY

of upper-air data from additional levels. The data for the 925 mb pressure surface (geopotential height, .temperature, humidity and wind) had proved extremely useful for analysis and prediction of the lower atmosphere (about' 1 000 m). Therefore the Association devised a coding procedure for reporting this non-standard isobaric level and encouraged Members to use this group as often as possible.

4.2.7.7 Recognizing that there would be a continued need for consideration of code matters on a regional level, the Association decided to appoint a Rapporteur on Codes. This rapporteur will also be the RA II representative on the CBS Working Group on Codes. Resolution 10 (VI-RA I~ was adopted.

4.2.7.8 Recognizing the need for standardizing the reporting of 24-hour rainfall data for various applications such as agriculture, the Association requested its Rapporteur on Codes to develop a suitable regional coding practice for Region II, as a matter of urgency.

4.3 Telecommunication system (Agenda item 4.3)

403.1 Report of the chairman of the Working Group on Meteorological ielecommunlcatlons-------------------------------------------

403.1.1 The Association noted with appreciation the report by the chairman of the Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications. It also noted with apprecia­tion the final report of the third session of this working group, which took place immediately prior to the session of the Association. The final report of the third session was presented to the sixth session of the Association as a working document. The Association congratulated the chairm'an of the working group on the important work carried out by the group.

4.3.2

4.3.2.1 The Association.reviewed the implementation of the RA II meteoro-logical telecommunication network, adopted by Resolution 32 (74-RA II) and included in the Manual on the GTS~ on the basis of the final report of the third session of its working group. The information already availqble in this report was updated by additional information provided by participants at the session. The Association agreed that it would be useful to reproduce the updated information on the implementa­tion of the regional telecommunication network as well as plans of Members for ftirther implementation; this information is therefore given in Annex I to this report. To complete the information contained in Annex I, the Association requested­the Secretary-General to ascertain the necessary information from those Members who did not participate in the present session and communicate the information received to Members of Region II. The Association also noted the information submitted by the Secretary-General on the monitoring of performance of the WWW GTS as regards RA II.

4.3.2.2 The Association noted that Members' efforts had resulted in further progress, since its previous session, in improving the transmission of meteorolo­gical information within the Region as well as with neighbouring Regions but that

GENERAL SUMMARY 17

difficulties continued to exist in some countries due to budgetary limitations as well as insufficient number of trained staff. It also noted that serious shortcomings still existed in respect of the availability of observational data from certain parts of the Region. It was agreed that this was due not only to the non-implementation of the observing system but also to the incomplete implementation of the national teleeommunication networks in the southern and western parts of the Region as well as the regional telecommunication network o The attention of the Association was drawn to the belated and incomplete availability of observational data from some parts of Region II at RMCs and WMCs and also to the decreasing number of ships and aircraft.

4.3 0 2.3 The Association noted with appreciation the information contained in the final report of the third session of its working group on the results already achieved in the implementation and also the plans for further implementation in the coming years of the Main Trunk Circuit segments and branch passing through Region II, the main regional circuits, the regional circuits and the national telecommunica­tion networks in" Region II. The Association expressed its gratitude to the Members concerned for their continuous efforts aimed at the full implementation of the regional telecommunication plan. It noted, however, that the non-availability of observational data or their late reception at the RTHs for further transmission on the GTS, due to the incomplete or non-implementation of the regional telecommunica­tion network, gave rise to serious difficulties at the WMCs and RMCs in the prepa~ ration of their output products. The Association was therefore of the opinion that Members concerned should continue their efforts to achieve the full implementation of their national telecommunication networks as well as the complete implementation of the regional telecommunication network to ensure the reliable and timely trans­mission of observational data to the associated RTHs and the onward distribution on the GTS.

4.3 0 204 In this connexion the Association urged all Members of the Region constantly to check and review the operation of their centres and circuits and to" establish statistics on the regularity and timely national collection. The Association felt that all NMCs should establish appropriate arrangements within their centres to ensure that missing observational data from their synoptic observ­ing stations would be repeated. Finally, the Asso~iation urged all Members to make appropriate arrangements constantly to monitor their transmissions and broadcasts with a view to ensuring a high quality of transmission.

4 0 3.3 0 1 The Association recalled its Resolution 13 (V-RA II) - Collection, exchange and distribution of shipsu weather reports, requesting, inter alia, the Secretary-General of WMO, in consultation with the president of RA II and the chairman of the RA II Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications, to conduct a survey on the implementation of the above-mentioned resolution. The Association was informed that this survey had been carried out by a rapporteur during the period 28 to 31 May 1973 and dealt with the ship reports received by the various coastal stations, the transmission of these reports to the corresponding NMCs and the further dissemination through the associated RTHs to other NMCs of the Region. The Association noted with appreciation the report of the rapporteur. It also noted

18 GENERAL SUMMARY

that this report revealed certain deficiencies and was informed that these deficien­cies had been communicated to the centres concerned.

4.3.3.2 The Association discussed the collection and exchange of shipso weather reports in Region IIo It noted that the lack of a sufficient number of ships' weather reports was due to well-known reasons. It urged all Members con­cerned to implement fully Resolution 13 (V-RA II) and to take every possible action to improve the situation concerning the receipt of ships' weather reports. The Association also urged Members concerned to ensure that the available ship reports at coastal radio stations were transmitted to the associated NMCs within one hour of being received at the cocistal radio stations. -

4.303.3 The Associ<ltion noted in thisconnexion the decision of Seventh Congress regarding mobile ship reports {ref. Resolution 6 (Cg-NIl), dealing with improvements in observational data coverage over the oceans for the conduct of studies to improve the intern<ltion<ll system for the collection of marine observa­tional data., including wide use of modern telecommunication techniques. The Association urged all Members of RA II to follow closely the development in the implementation of this res-olution and to participate1 as appropriate, in these studies.

4.3.4.1 The Association discussed the collection and exchange of aircraft meteorological reports in Region II. Concern was expressed about the small number of aircraft reports exchanged between the centres concerned. The Ass-ociation· felt that the maln reason for this deficiency was the late or non-delivery of completed post-flight AIREP forms (see also parographs 4.1.2.14 and 4.1.2.15).

4.304.2 The Associotion was informed of the decisions of Seventh Congress regarding ·aircraft meteorological observations and the adoption of Resolution 5 (Cg-VII) - Meteorological observations made aboard aircraft, concerning the develop­ment of automated.methods for making, recording and transmitting aircraft observa­tionso The Association urged all of its Members to participate, as appropriate, in the implementation of this resolution"

4.3.5

4.3.5.1 The Association reviewed the regional meteorological telecommunica-tions plan for Region II (Asia) adopted by Resolution 32 (74-RA II) in order to cope with the developments in the Region since its fifth session. In doing so, the Associati-on took into consideration the recent decisions taken by the Commission for Basic Systems, the Executive Committee ond Seventh Congres-s. It olso kept in mind the present operational status ond the future plans of the different Members regard­ing the operation of the centres <lnd circuits concerned, as well as the decisions of neighbouring regional associationso

4.305.2 The Association discussed the configuration of the regional meteoro-logical telecommunication network in Asia. It noted that the NMC Jeddahwas at that time collecting observational dato from a number of centres in the south-west part of Region II and including such data in its territorial broadcast. It also

GENERAL SUMMARY 19

noted that a point-to-point SSB voice link was already in operation between the centres Jeddah and Sanaa and that a 50-baud circuit between the centres Jeddah and Kuwait would be operational within six months. The Association therefore felt that the large area of responsibility allocated to the RTH Tehran could be shared between Tehran and Jeddah, which would result in speedy collection and dissemination of the observational data from that part of the Region. It was decided to designate Jeddah as a RTH in the Region with a zone of responsibility for collection of observat­ional data from Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, other Arabian territories and adjacent sea and ocean areas. The necessary adjustments to the plan were made in accordance with this decision.

4.3.5.3 The Association noted a request from the Delegate of Iran to inter-connect the RTH Tehran with the centre at Bahrain.. Since no representative of this centre participated in the session, the Association did not take a decision on the matter. The Association requested the Secretary-General to make the necessary inquiries with the countries concerned, with a view to obtaining the information required for the" completion of the regional telecommunication network, and to inform Members of Region II accordingly.

4 0 3.5 0 4 The new configuration of the regional meteorological telecommunica-tion network includes a direct main regional circuit between the RTHs ~angkok and Tokyo (without a drop at Hong Kong) which is expected to be implemented in the near future using a 75-baud satellite channel. The existing circuits Tokyo-Hong Kong and Bangkok-Hong Kong will be maintained in the configuration as regional circuits. The Association expressed its appreciation to the Members concerned for the estab­lishment of this circuit which will contribute to the speedy and reliable exchange of data in Region II.

4.3 0 5.5 The Association noted the decision of Seventh Congress to delete the segment New Delhi-Melbourne from the configuration of the Main Trunk Circuit and that this circuit was to be maintained as an inter-regional circuit between Regions II and V. Seventh Congress also decided that the main regional circuit New Delhi­Tokyo should form a segment of the MTC and that the routeing of the MTC should be kept under constant review by the Commission for Basic Systems.

4.3.5.6 Seventh Congress mentioned, in this connexion, the need for a detailed study by Region lIon the possible re-routeing of MTC traffic using the existing Moscow-Khabarovsk-Tokyo circuit. In view of the short time available to the Association, such a study could not be undertaken. It was felt that this matter should be further studied by the RA II Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunica­tions.

4.3.5 0 7 In considering th~ exchange programme of the observational data (RA II) on the main regional circuits, the Association noted the increasing amount of data required by Members from inside the Region. In addition to such data, the main regional circuits will also have to carry data from other Regions as required by Members of RA II. The loading on those circuits will no doubt further increase during the period of the FGGE. The Association therefore urged all Members con­cerned to upgrade as necessary the main regional circuits to higher transmission speeds in order to cope with the expected increased amount of data.

20 GENERAL SUMMARY

4;3.5.8 In considering the regional facsimile plan, the As.ociation noted that Seventh Congress agreed that the GTS would continue to disseminate Area Forecast System products in accordance with ICAO requirements. The session agreed that in addition to the point-to-point transmissions, its designated RTHa and RMCs should establish and maintain radio-facsimile broadcasts for the dissemination of WMCs', RMCs' and AFCs' products as required.

4.3.5.9 The Association adopted Resolution 11 (VI-RA II). It urged all Members concerned to accelerate the full implementation of their part of the RA II regional meteorological telecommunication plan at an early date prior to the commencement of the FGGE.

4.3.6

4.3.6.1 The Association reviewed the regional telecommunication procedures adopted by Resolution 33 (74-RA II) and included in Volume II of the Manual on the GTS. This revision was made in the light of the experience gained since the fifth session of Regional Association II and taking into consideration the relevant decisions of CBS-VI as contained in Part II of Volume I of the Manual on the GTS.

4.3.6.2 The Association noted that the use of the group CLLLL is mandatory when Alphabet No. 5 is used and must in any case be used on all segments of the Main Trunk Circuit, regardless of which alphabet is being used. The Association recognized that the group CLLLL was of significance in automated switching operations and that it was necessary for this group to be included for global exchanges on the Main Trunk Circuit. It therefore agreed that the group CLLLL should be mandatory for use in both alphabets in Region II. It was further agreed that the insertion of the catalogue number CLLLL should be made by the NMC responsible for the compilation of the meteorological bulletin.

4.3.6.3 The Association noted the requirement to ensure the regular trans-mission of CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reports for regional and global exchange. In this respect the Association charged the RTHs New Delhi and Tokyo with the task of ensuring the insertion of these reports on the Main Trunk Circuit.

4.3.6.4 In view of the few aircraft reports for synoptic purposes available for exchange within the Region, the Association agreed that all aircraft reports received in the RTHs acting as regional AIREP collecting centres should be dissemina­ted on the point~to-point circuits and also included in the broadcasts of the RTHs.

4.3.6.5 The Association noted the format for addressed messages adopted by CBS-VI, as well as the guidance on the routeing system to be followed for the exchange of addressed messages. The sixth session of CBS was of the opinion that detailed distribution plans for the addressed messages within a Region, under normal condi­tions and in cases of outages,should be worked out by the regional associations concerned. It was agreed to include this item in the future work programme of the RA II Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications.

4.3.6.6 The Association adopted Resolution 12 (VI-RA II). In this connexion it urged all RA II Members to adhere strictly to the regional as well as the global telecommunication procedures to ensure reliable and smooth operation of the GTS.

GENERAL SUMMARY 21

Technical characteristics of telecommunication links and-~entres-In-RA-II--------------------------------

4.3.7.1 The Association considered Resolution 34 (74-RA II) dealing with the engineering of radio circuits and centres in Region II. It recalled that this material was intended to provide guidance relating to the establishment of radio point-to-point telegraph circuits and radio broadcasts and be complementary to the material already included in the Manual on the GTS, Volume I, Part III. The Association noted that the contents of this resolution were included in Volume II of the Manual on the GTS and felt that no changes were required. However, the Association requested MembGrs of RA II to keep abreast with developments in modern telecomMunication techniques, in particular medium/high-speed data transmission, in order to cope as necessary \lith the increasing amount of data resulting from the further implementation of the GOS in RA II, the increasing amount of satellite data becoming available, as well as the forthcoming FGGE requirements.

4.3.8

4.3.8.1 The Association discussed the present system for the exchange and distribution of observational data and pictorial information to meet the requirements of the different centres in RA II as well as the global requirements. The Associa­tion noted that, despite the best possible use of existing point-to-point circuits and radio broadcasts, there were still deficiencies, mainly due to the incomplete implementation of the regional meteorological telecommunication network and the national telecommunication networks in RA II. In particular, concern was expressed about the limited amount of data available during night hours.

4.3.8.2 The Association noted that the insufficient amount of observational data from the southern and western parts of the Region did not satisfy the require­ments of Members of RA II. It also noted that the existing schedules of radio­facsimile broadcasts did not fully meet the requirements of some Members of RA II. The Association was informed that difficulties were experienced in intercepting RTT and radio-facsimile broadcasts during night-time on account of unsuitable radio frequencies. In this respect the Association stressed the importance of close con­tact between the NMCs and their associated RTHs, to keep the RTHs regularly informed of the quality and contents of the radio broadcasts as well as of the requirements of the NMCs for reception of meteorological information, allowing RTHs concerned to ad­just their transmission programmes accordingly. The association urged all RTHs in the Region to keep close contact in order to co-ordinate thei~ transmission programmes, in particular the RTT and facsimile broadcasts, to meet the requirements of Members."

4.3.8.3 The Association expressed concern about the very limited southern hemisphere observational data available from Region I (Block numbers 61, 63 and 67). It requested the Secretary-General to communicate this serious shortcoming to the president of RA I for remedial action.

4.3.8.4 The Association noted that the RA II/RA V Implementation Co-ordination Meeting on GTS Interconnexions between Regions II and V (Colombo, 27-30 August 1975) reported that insufficient data were available in Region V from Pakistan and Bangladesh. The Association urged the RTH New Delhi in collaboration with the NMCs

22 GENERAL SUMMARY

concerned to ensure by all possible means the collection of the data required and their insertion on the circuit New Delhi-Melbourne, os well as on the RTH New Delhi RTT broadcast o

4 0 3 0 8 0 5 The Association noted that Regional Association VI, at its sixth session, had adopted Recommendation 6 (VI-RA VI) inviting Members of RA II to accelerate the further implementation of its regional telecommunication network in view of the serious difficulties experienced by RA VI in the reception of observa­tional data from the southern part of Region II, in particular as regards the zone of responsibility of the RTH Tehran. The Association felt that this difficulty would be overcome only after the implementation of the inter-regional circuit Tehran-Moscow, as well as the regional circuits connected to the RTH Tehran.

~~~~!~:~~~_~i_!~~_~e~:~!~~~_~i_!~:_~

4.3.9.1 The Association noted that the Secretary-General was carrying out periodic checks'on the flow of the global data on the GTS. It also noted that Seventh Congress had considered the necessity of monitoring the operation of the WWW with a view to increasing its efficiency. Congress expressed its conviction that the upgrading of the present system of monitoring was indispensable to enable the rapid detection of deficiencies and the initiation of remedial action to increase the efficiency of the operation o It requested CBS to study and develop detailed procedures for this purpose and to submit them to the Executive Committee for approval. Seventh Congress, in adopting the WWW plan for 1976-1979, therefore extended the functions of WMCs and RTHs to include "carrying out periodical monitor­ing of the operation of the WWW".

4.3.9.2 The Association felt that such monitoring was particularly important to identify deficiencies in the operation of the RA II regional observing and meteorological telecommunication systems. It consequently urged all Members of RA II, in particular those responsible for the operation of the RTHs, to participate actively in the monitoring of the operation of the WWW.

4.3.10

4.3.10.1 The Association discussed the possibilities of training personnel engaged in meteorological telecommunications in existing training facilities in the Region. The Association invited the president of RA II to request the Secretary­General to conduct a survey amongst RA II Members and appropriate international organizations on the available training facilities for this type of personnel. The· outcome of the survey should be made known to all Members of RA II.

4.3.10.2 The Association felt that it would be very desirable and useful if familiarization visits by personnel engaged in meteorological telecommunications could be organized among the different meteorological telecommunication centres. This would enable personnel working at NMCs to become acquainted with advanced tech­niques and modern telecommunication equipment being used in the different RTHs in the Region. In addition, the telecommunication personnel of the RTHs should visit other RTHs, not only inside the Region but also in neighbouring Regions. It was felt that this would not only give the different RTHs the possibility to become

GENERAL SUMMARY

acquainted with the work of other RTHs, but would also make it possible to discuss eventual problems in the exchange of meteorological information on a more frequent basis. The Association therefore urged all Members of Regional Association II to favour such familiarization visits among the different centres.

Re-establishment of the RA II Working Group on Meteorological TeI~communIcatIons-------------------------------------------

23

The Association noted with appreciation the excellent work done by the working group. Taking into consideration:

(a) The necessity to continue studies and planning the further implementations, improvement and development of the GTS in general and the regional meteorological telecommunication network in particular, and

(b) The necessity to keep abreast with the development and possible application of new techniques and equipment, including the advantages derived from communication space techniques as well as those from meteorological satellites,

it was agreed to re-establish the Woiking Group on Meteorological Telecommunications. Resolution 13 (VI-RA II) was adopted.

4.4 Mitiaation of tropical cyclone damage in Asia (Agenda item 4.4)

4.4.1 The Association noted with satisfaction that considerable progress was being made in the implementation of plans within the WMO Tropical Cyclone Project aimed at reducing the loss of life and the material damage caused by tropical cyclones. It was noted that major contributory factors to such progress included the further implementation of World Weather Watch and the WMO Operational Hydrology Programme in the areas affected by tropical cyclones, the relevant activities of WMO's technical commissions and, in the area of RA II, the determined efforts of the WMOj ESCAP Typhoon Committee in south-east Asia and of the WMOjESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea~ The Association expressed its deep gratitude for the very generous assistance being provided to the Typhoon Committee by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and was gratified to learn that UNDP was prepared to consider an application for assistance from the Panel on Tropical Cyclones.

4.4.2 With regard to the Typhoon Committee, the Association was pleased to note that new weather radars had been installed at certain key locations and that in several countries important developments had taken place in the field of hydrology. The Association expressed its concern about the staffing of the Typhoon Committee Secretariat after the end of 1976, when the current UNDP assistance comes to an end. The Typhoon Committee expressed the view that, whilst in due course some of its member countries might be able to assign professional staff to the Secretariat full time, international support of the Secretariat would be essential for some years if the substantial progress so far accomplished were to be maintained. The Association therefore requested the Secretary-General to seek support from UNDP and other

24 GENERAL SUMMARY

appropriate sources in order to ensure the long-term continuation of the Typhoon Committee Secretariat.

4.4.3 The Association noted that the Panel on Tropical Cyclones had held two sessions since its formation in 1972 and had drawn up a technical plan together with a programme for implementation. The Association agreed that encouraging progress was being made but considered that, as in the case of the Typhoon Committee, it was essential for full-time technical support of international experts to be provided for the efficient implementation of the plan and in the interests of co-ordination. The Association therefore requested the Secretary-General to seek support from UNDP and other appropriate sources in order to provide the panel with the necessary assistance of international experts.

4.4.4 The Association noted with satisfaction that both the Typhoon Committee and the Panel on Tropical Cyclones attached due importance to the provision of meteorological, hydrological and telecommunications equipment in the development of efficient monitoring and warning services. The Association was aware that, in spite of the progress that had been made in the provision of equipment, there remained a number of important deficiencies and therefore requested the Secretary­General to seek funds from UNDP, VAP and other appropriate s.ources so that essential facilities could be provided.

4.4.5 The Association noted ~ith appreciation tha~as a result of resolutions adopted at its fifth session, a seminar on tropical forecasting techniques and . warning systems had been held in Australia in May 1973 and a workshop on the operation of meteorological radars had been held in Malaysia in June 1975. The Association expressed its gratitude to the host countries for providing the facilities which enabled these valuable courses to be held. The Ass~ciation emphasized that technical confere~ces, seminars and workshops make a contribution of the highest importance to training in general. In requesting the Secretary-General to seek funds for training and fellowships, the Association assumed that facilities for seminars and similar courses would be kept in mind.

4.4.6 The Association noted with appreciation that the Executive Committee and the Secretary-General were taking action to promote research in tropical meteoro­logy, including research into tropical cyclones arid associated storm surges. The Association agreed that its Members should continue to give attention to research problems involved in the implementation of the WMO Tropical Cyclone Project and accordingly should give active support to the initiatives of the Executive Committee and the Secretary-General.

4.4.7 During the whole discussion on the mitigation of tropical cyclone damage in Asia the Association stressed that all Members of RA II could make an important contribution, e.g. by the further development of their own services towards the efficient and timely functioning of tropical cyclone warning systems. The Associa­tion therefore agreed that all its Members should be encouraged to give active support to the Typhoon Co~mittee and to the Panel on Tropical Cyclones.

The Association adopted Resolution 14 (VI-RA II).

GENERAL SUMMARY 25

4.4.9 The Association noted the encouragement given by Seventh Congress to set up multinational projects for the establishment and operation of facilities for the reception and processing of information received from polar-orbiting and geostationary satellites. In order to make full use of the capabilities of geo­stationary satellites, i.e. reception of high-resolution images needed for wind vector determi~ation, complex and costly receiving and processing facilities are required. Since the establishment and operation of such facilities may be beyond the financial and technical resources of individual countries, the suggestion was made to study the possibility of a multinational project for the establishment of such a satellite centre. The Association therefore requested the Secretary-General to carry out, as a matter of urgency, a feasibility study on such a satellite centre and the associated telecommunication means to ensure that all products of this centre are made available to participating Me~bers. The Association felt that the study should be distributed by the Secretary-General to all Members of RA II and adjacent countries not later than March 1976 (see also paragraph 4.1.3.9)~

5.

5.1

PROGRAMME ON EDUCATION, TRAINING AND RESEARCH - REGIONAL ASPECTS (Agenda item 5)

Global Atmosphe~ic Res~arch Programme (Agenda item 5.1)

5.1.1 The Association noted that plans were in the final stage of prepa-ration for the First GARP Global Experiment (FGGE), the core experiment under GARP, and that the Global Experiment was scheduled to start from 1 September 1977. The first twelve-month period (1 September 1977 - 31 August 1978) is planned as the build-up phase and the subsequent t~elve months (1 September 1978 -31 August 1979) are planned as the operational phase of intensive global observa­tions. T~e Association was informed that, in support of FGGE and also to obtain benefit from the Global Experiment, several sub-programmes were being arranged on a regional basis. The GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE), which is one of the experiments under the Tropical Sub-programme, was successfully executed in September 1974. The Air-mass Transformation Experiment (AMTEX), one of the experi­ments under the Air-surface Interaction Sub-programme, was also successfully carried out in February 1974 and Februory 1975.

5.1.2 The Association was informed that the Monsoon Experiment (MONEX), which is the major experiment of the Monsoon Sub-programme, constituted an element of the GARP, and was being planned in accordance with the operational phase of FGGE, and in particular with the Special Observing Period (SOP) I and II. It was mentioned that a comprehensive study on monsoon circulation similar to GATE would be interesting and beneficial to those Members whose territories are strongly affected by the summer and winter monsoons.

5.1.3 In this context, the Association was reminded that the possible contributions by Member countries to MONEX were highly desirable. Some Members emphasized the importance of the fact that the time periods for the MONtX should be extended beyond the two Special Observing Periods of the FGGE. Members stressed

26 GENERAL SUMMARY

the need for publicizing the objectives and programmes of MONEX among the Governments and the public through suitable pamphlets.

5.2 Other research activities (Agenda item 5.2)

5.2.1

5.2.1.1 The Association noted with much interest the various decisions of Seventh Congress in respect of the WMO Weather Modification Programme and welcomed the inclusion of a Precipitation Enhancement Project within this programme.

5.2.1.2 The Association noted that Members were requested by Congress to contribute to the implementation of the programme and in particular to participate in the planning, execution and evaluation of the Precipitation Enhancement Project, whilst regional associations were requested to assist in every way possible. The Association readily agreed to extend its full collaboration in this important activity and requested its Members to co-operate, when called upon to do so, by supplying data and other information particularly for the selection of a site for the field experiment, as well as in any other way which might be necessary.

5.2.1.3 The Association stressed the importance of undertaking experiments in enhancing rainfall in arid and/or semi-arid zones, since even a marginal increase in rainfall in such areas could be of great significance.

5.201.4 As regards the other aspects of the Weather Modification Programme, the Association noted that a register of weather-modification activities would be maintained by WMO and requested its Members to provide, upon request, necessary information for this purpose to the Secretary-General. The Association also welcomed the decision to encourage the establishment of courses in cloud physics and its application to weather modification and strongly recommended to its Members to take every opportunity to train specialists in this field.

5.2.1.5 With-regard to the decision of Congress to encourage groups of Members to conduct their oWh weather-modification experiments, calling upon WMO for advice if they so wish, the Association stressed the need for a proper choice in the forma­tion of such groups of Members, based on appropriate scientific and technical con­siderations.

5'02.1.6 In view of the high cost involved in undertaking weather-modi flcation experiments the Association considered that any information about the economic­benefits of such experiments which could be made available by countries having experience in this field would be of great interest.

5.2.1.7 The Association was given brief accounts of weather~modification activities undertaken in a number of Member countries, by their respective delega­tions participating in the session. The Association was informed that, while in some cases there appeared to be som~ degree of success, it was stressed at the same time that the efforts undertaken in this respect should still be regarded as being in the experimental stage and a cautious approach was called for, since the evaluation of the experiments presented a complex scientific problem. The need for

GENERAL SUi'h'1ARY 27

costly and sophisticated ground equipment and other facilities necessary for a proper evaluation added to the difficulty. The Association felt that exchange of information and experience among Members concerning weather-modification activities undertaken by them would be valuable and mutual co-operation in this field should therefore be encouraged.

5.2.1.8 The Association noted that lATA was particularly interested in warm fog dispersal and would therefore watch developments in this field with keen interest.

5.2.2

5.2.2.1 The Association noted that the successful completion of the field phase of the GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE) constituted an outstanding contribution to research in tropical meteorology by making available the large amount of data collected during the Experiment. It was also noted with satisfaction that the o=ganization of a WMO technical conference on the use of GATE data in tropical meteorology research had been approved by the Executive Committee.

50 2.2.2 The Association heard brief reports from the delegations of a number of Members on the activities undertaken by them in support of research. It was noted with appreciation that five research ships of the U.S.S.R. were in operation in the typhoon area of the Pacific Ocean in 1975 to study the origin and development of typhoons. This expedition would also make a valuable contribution to research in tropical meteorology. Other Member countries had carried out research in such sub­jects as droughts and meteorology of arid and semi-arid areas, assessment of assured moisture availability in semi-arid areas and study of different methods of estimation of potential evapotranspiration. These investigations were closely related to food production and would be of significant benefit to agriculture.

5.2.2 0 3 The Association urged Members not having research institutes to take steps for the establishment of such institutes. In this connexion the Association noted with satisfaction the establishment of an Institute of Meteorology engaged in arid land studies in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, for research in hydrology and agricultural meteorologyo

5.2.2 04 The Association attached great importance to the promotion of research, in the field of tropical meteorology in particular, and in this connexion noted that Seventh Congress had requested Members to intensify research in tropical meteorology and to co-operate in joint research projects, especially in certain specific fields.

5.202.5 The Association also noted the keen interest of Members in undertaking resear:h work but the fact that many of them were developing countries with a lack of adequate resources and trained manpower hampered their efforts o The Association felt that a strengthening of collaboration between Members through exchange of information and visits would be very useful in order to encourage research on a larger scale. It was noted that a consolidated annual report on national research projects in tropical meteorology had been distributed by the WMO Secretariat to all Members. The Association felt, however, that ways and means of increasing the collaboration among Members in this field, as well as the exchange of more information about research in tropical meteorology, would be of benefit to Members. The Association therefore

28 GENERAL SUMMARY

requested its president to arrange for a study of this question and to request the Secretary-General, on the basis of the results of this study, to provide to Members of the Association any possible assistance and supporto

5.203.1 The Association noted the relevant recommendations of the Commission for Atmospheric Sciences encouraging research for the development of techniques in numerical weather prediction relating to tropical areas, as well as for the applica­tion of NW? techniques to tropical droughts and to air-pollution prediction problems a

5.2.3 02 The Association noted the inherent difficulties in the development of NWP techniques applicable to trollical areas as compared with higher latitudes. A further difficulty arose from the large proportion of ocean areas in the tropical zones with consequent data gaps", CAS itself was also aware that the performance of numerical models in tropical areas had been relatively pooro Furthermore, very few countries in the Region were at present engaged in activities in this field and the experience so for gained by them. ha.d not reached the stage for development of tech­niques for operational use. The Association emphasized the need for increased attention to s.tudies and urged exchange of results.

5.2:04

502.4~1 The Association expressed its appreciation to the Rapporteur on Radiation for his comprehensive report which contained Q useful survey of the activi­ties in this field within the Region.

5.2 • .4.2 The efforts made by Members to establish national radiation networks in their respective countries were noted with satisfaction. Considering the increasing importance of radiotion data for various purposes such as agriculture, studies of climate and other scientific studies, Members. who have not yet set up radiation stations were urged to do so, keeping in view the provisions of /ful.y 30 403, 3 0 4Q4 and 4 0 0.1 and [Aul.'§ 1.4.1 and 10402 of the Technical Regulations, and to publisla the dato o

5.2040 3 In view of the importance of continuing the work of planning and standardizing radiation observations and the need to co-ordinate the radiation acti­vities in the Region, the Association decided to app'.)int a Rapporteur on Radiation wi th terms of reference as given in Resolution 15 (VI-RA II).

5.20404 The Association expressed its appreciation to the Rapp.ortevr on Atmospheric Ozone for his comprehensive report which contained Q: useful survey of the activities in this field within the Region o

5.2.4 0 5 The Assoc.iation recognized the greatly increased importance of ozone observations in recent times and noted the relevant decisions of Seventh Congress and

GENERAL SUMMARY 29

of the Executive Committee calling for a strengthening of the global ozone monitoring system o The Association therefore urged Members to set up an adequately dense net­work of ozone stations providing reliable observations in their respective countrieso

5020406 The Association decided to request India, Japan and the UoSoSoRo to examine whether they could designate one ozone station in their respective countries as a regional standard as defined in Recommendation 7 (CIMO-VI) and to inform the president of the Association and the Secretary-General of the resulto

In view of the need for the continued relating to measurements of atmospheric ozone in the to re-appoint a Rapporteur on Atmospheric Ozone with in Resolution 16 (VI-RA II) 0

study of regional problems Region, the Association decided the terms of reference contained

5.3 0 1 The Association noted with appreciation the plans of Iraq to establish a meteorological training centre in Baghdad o During the discussion of these plans several Members stated that they would be prepared to offer technical and scientific advice and assistance to Iraq in establishing and operating the centre. It was noted that there was an urgent need for training personnel of all classes in the various fields of meteorology in the south-west part of Asia and it was further noted that the planned centre in Iraq would meet the requirements established by the twentieth session of the Executive Committee for recognition of Regional Meteorological Train­ing Centres. The Association therefore unanimously decided to request the Executive Committee to designate the centre to be established by Iraq as a Regional Meteorolo­gical Training Centre. The.Secretary-General was requested to assist Iraq in formu­lating and implementing an appropriate project under the UNDP to supplement the financial and material resources to be provided by Iraq. Recommendation 2 (VI-RA II) was adopted o

50 3.2 In considering the availability of training facilities and institu-tions in the Region, it was noted that since the previous publication of information on this subject by WMO several changes and additions had taken placeo In this con­nexion it was agreed that the training opportunities existing in the Region, which included general meteorological and hydrological training as well as special courses in instrument training, should be utilized as much as possible. It was also noted that some of this essential training was available under various bilateral and multi­lateral assistance schemes, including the Voluntary Assistance Programme. The Association felt that Members offering fellowships should include, whenever required, language training courses as part of their offero The Secretary-General was there­fore requested to ascertain the latest status of training facilities and institutions in the Region, together with the courses 'available in them, and to provide the Members of the Association with this information. Some Members were conducting advanced refresher courses on various meteorological subjects and would welcome the participation of meteorologists from other Member countries o During the considera­tion of this item it was recalled that the subject of visiting expert teams in specific training subjects (radar meteorology, satellite meteorology, operational hyd~ology, air pollution, etc.), which were not being regularly taught at Regional Training Centres and other meteorological training institutions, had been discussed

30 GENERAL SUMMARY

at Seventh Congresso The Association agreed that this concept should be considered for implementation at the appropriate time within the Regiono

PROGRAMME ON THE INTERACTION OF MAN AND HIS ENVIRONMENT -REGIONAL ASPECTS (Agenda item 6)

Climat~ (Agenda item 6 0 1)

60101 The Association was informed that the preparation of the first-priority climatic maps for the Regional Climatic Atlas for Asial which had been undertaken by the Hydrometeorological Service of the U.SoSoRo in accordance with the decision taken at the fifth session of the Association, had been completed and was ready for publication o The Atlas consists of~

(0) Twelve maps of mean monthly air temperatures;

(b) One map of mean annual temperature;

(c) One map of mean annual variation of air temperature;

(d) Twelve maps of mean monthly precipitation amounts;

(e) One map of mean annual precipitation amounts o

Other details, such as the scale, projection r spacing between isopleth./ colours used etc./ were also provided to the Associationo

6 0 10 2 The Association expressed its deep appreciation and gratitude to the UoSoS.R. for the great service it had rendered to all Members by preparing the Atlas. The speedy manner in which this important and enormous task had heen accom­plished was also commended o

6 0 1 0 3 The Association considered the steps to he taken for the publication of the Atlas as early as possibleo The procedure set forth in Resolution 14 (EC-XXVI) was noted o It was, howeverr agreed to request the Secretary-General to examine, in the first instancer the possibility of publication of the Atlas in co­operation with the Hydrometeorological Service of the UoSoS.Ro under specific arrangements to be worked out for this purpose o The UoSoSoRooffered its full co­operation in this work also.

6.1.4 The Association was also informed by the UoSoSoRo that efforts would be made to include in the Atlas data from any Member which had not provided its data earlier, if such data were supplied without delay, but not later than 1 November 1975 0

The Association graphs and practical treatises Asia had been published by the

also noted with much interest that a number of mono­based on the results of climatological studies of Hydrometeorologic,al Service of the UoSoSoRo and

GENERAL SUMMARY 31

were available to Members of the Association upon request. The Association expressed its warm appreciation to the U.S.S.R. for this offer.

World Weather Records

6.1.6 The Association accepted with warm appreciation the offer of India to undertake the task of collecting from the Members of the Association the data for inclusion in the publication "World Weather Records" for the period 1961-1970 and to forward the same to the appropriate agency in the U.S.A. responsible for this publica­tion.

6.1.7 The Secretary-General was requested to notify all Members of the procedure to be followed by them in supplying data to India.

Hydrology (Agenda item 6.2)

General

6.2.1.1 The Association noted that in the period since its fifth session, Sixth and Seventh Congress had taken place; important decisions had been taken with respect to WMO responsibilities and programmes in hydrology and significant progress had also been made in this field. It was recalled that WMO had made a major contri­bution to the International Hydrological Decade which ended in 1974 and now had a long-term programme in hydrology with Unesco. The Association agreed that its future programme and activities should therefore be strengthened in the light of these developments.

6.2.1.2 The Association heard from a number of Members brief reports on their activities in the field of hydrology and the progress achieved. The Association noted with great interest that the Hydrometeorological Service of the U.S.S.R. had completed an important study on the water resources of the globe which would be included in a publication on the world water balance. The results of this study are provided to Members upon request. The Association expressed its appreciation to the U.S.S.R. for this offer.

The Association was of the opinion that its Working Group on Hydro­meteorology had satisfactorily accomplished its terms of reference by completing technical reports on specific operational hydrological problems of the Region, and by collecting and compiling statistical data on hydrological networks of stations for precipitation, evaporation, radiation, hydrometric and water-quality observations and groundwater. The Association agreed that, on the basis of the above studies and data,a part of its future programme should be:

(a) To analyse and evaluate the deficiencies of hydrological data in Asia and to evaluate needs for improvement of hydrological networks on a national or regional basis for efficient planning, development and utilization of water resources;

32 GENERAL SUMMARY

(b) To arrange for co-operation among Members of the Region with a view to assisting their Hydrological Services.

The Association noted that considerable information on national hydrological data banks (including hydrological data-processing and archiving facilities) and on hydrological data-transmission requirements had been collected and were being compiled on a regional basis by CHy rapporteurs. As a first step the Association requested Members to conduct specific studies on the use of WWW facilities for hydrological purposes and to make available to the other Members the results of these studies o The Working Group on Hydrology was also requested to keep this matter under review. Furthermore, Members were encouraged to exchange_ hydrological information in respect of international river basins with appropriate neighbouring Members by making use of WWW facilities.

Hydrological codes --------~---------The Association examined the list of hydrological observing station

identification numbers submitted by the Working Group on Hydrometeorology and considered that the matter required further study, taking into account current national practices and procedures. It therefore requested the Secretary-General to circulate the list to all Members of the Association for comments. The Working Group on Hydrology was requested to study the matter in the light of the comments received.

Recognizing the need for the preparation of small-scale as well as large-scale project-oriented (design data) hydrological maps of the Region, the Association welcomed the action being taken by CHy to provide uniform guidelines for the preparation of large-scale mapso It also agreed to assign first priority to the preparation -of regional" small-scale maps of:

(a) Annual runoff;

(b) Mean annual evaporationo

Preparation of annual precipitation variability, rainfall-intensity/frequency, drought-duration/frequency and global annual radiation maps should be developed in co-ordination with the Regional Climatic Atlas project o The Association requested its Members to explore the possibility of the actual preparation and production of hydrological maps and to inform the Secretary-General of any practical proposals.-

6.2.6 Regional seminar on application of WMO standard practices ---------------1i-~---------------------------------------!~_~e~:~!~~~~! __ ~~:~!~2~ -The Association endorsed the ACOH recommendation that the organization

of a regional seminar on the application of WMO standards in operational hydrology would be a practical way of strengthening efforts at the national level in promoting

GENERAL SUMMARY 33

standardization and international guidance material provided by WMO o Participation in the seminar should be primarily for practising hydrologists from the national Hydrological and/or Hydrometeorological Services (or equivalent agencies). The Association agreed to the proposed general outline of the programme of the seminaro The Association accepted with appreciation the generous offer of Iran to host the seminar and expressed the hope that the Organization would find it possible to provide funds to facilitate participation by developing countrieso

The Association noted the activities related to inland water pol­lution recomme~ded by CHy and the Executive Committee Panel of Experts on Environmental Pollution. Members were invited to conduct monitoring of inland water pollution in connexion with the measurement of hydrological elements such as river stages and dischargeso The Working Group on Hydrology was also requested to keep this problem under reviewo

The Association noted with satisfaction that the Members of RA II ~ad nominated hydrological advisers to permanent representatives, whilst three Members had combined Meteorological and Hydrological Services o It was of the view that all important elements for the effective international co-operation of Hydrological Services \~ithin the Region had been established, starting at the national level with hydrological advisers, to the regional level represented by the Working Group on Hydrology. In order to improve intercommunicational links among the different elements, and in accordance with the directives of Seventh Congress, the Association recommended that:

(a) Hydrological Services of Members should be adequately represented on the Working Group on Hydrology;

(b) Members of the ACOH from RA II should be present at the sessions of the Working Group on Hydrology;

(c) The president of RA II, in co-operation with the ACOH members, should ensure that the technical programme of the Working Group on Hydrology is carried out in as close collaboration with the hydrological advisers (or the representatives of national Hydrological Services) as possible;

(d) ACOH ~embers from RA II should become active in the promotion of the flow of informationJ

(e) Copies of all relevant correspondence of the Working Group on Hydrology should also be sent to the two ACOH members from RA II and of course also to the president of the Association;

34 GENERAL SUMMARY

(f) The Hydrological Services should, through the hydrological advisers, where applicable, be promptly and fully informed of all relevant WMO activities in operational hydrology, in particular of those of the Working Group on Hydrology;

Cg} Members should consider the inclusion of hydrological advisers or representatives of their Hydrological Services in th.eir delegations to future sessions of RA IIo

6.2 0 9.1 The A.ssociation noted with satisfaction that during the inter-sessional perio.d Me'ce0rological Services had initiated or strengthened co-operation with Hydrolo.gicql Services in the Region o However" participation of national HydrolQgical Services in CHy and regional hydrological activities (iDe. the Working Group. on Hydrology) which would normally be responsible for the implementation of the regiol'la:l operational hydrolog:ical activities as described, had not improved to the same extent as in some other WMO Regionso The Association adopted Resolution 17 (VI-RA II) establishing a Working Group on Hydrologyo It agreed that the terms of reference of the wo.liking group· should deal mainly with regional operational hydro­logical questions Qutlined above, (lnd that t in accordance with the decision of Seventh Cong,FeSS., Members should ensure representation of national agencies lies pons­ible for hydrological services im the membership of the working group in order to implement the OHP activities in an effective and productive ma·nner o Tii.e working. group shQuld work in· close collaboration with the RA V Rapporteur 00 Hydrology, and in accord'ance with. the basic programmes of the Commission for Hydrology ..

6 0 2.9.2 T:'e Association noted that the previous working group had to cany out its. w·ork enti:rrely by corres.pondence as a re:sult of which tllle acnievememts were not fully s.atisfactoryo. The Association therefore strong:ly recomme.nded' that tbe newly established: Working Group on Hydro,logy be given the opportunity to hold a session at an early date in order that the reg,ional progliammes may be planned and' implemented effedivelyo Furthermore, it would be us.eful to u,se all available ways and: means of obtaining in,fo·rmation from Me.'1Ibe.F countries for tne activities of the w,Q.rking grolJp, including, officia·l visits to, these countries by officeFs of the Secretaria.t for other 1P-11i'l,pOSes o

Advisory Committee tor Operational Hydrology (ACOH} ---------------------------------------.------,

The Association noted tne decision of Sevemth Congress to re-establish the Advisory Committee for Operational Hydrology (ACQH} ond agreed that the members hom Region II on ACOH sho,uld be from Saudi Arabim: and Iran. The A.ssociation also "lgreed that if its seventh session is held prior to Eighth Congress, the president of the Association should d'ecid'e, after consultotion with Members, the two Member coun-tries hom which the members of the ACOH showld: come, in the event of Eighth Congress re-establishing the ACOHo

GENERAL SUMMARY 35

Technical assistance and regional co-operation ----------------------------------------------6.2.11.1 UNDP assistance

The Association noted that assistance from UNDP was available through WMO for national operational hydrological projects. In many cases UNDP assistance has been complemented by bilateral assistancer especially for the hydrological com­ponent of the Tropical Cyclone Committee projects.

The Association welcomed the decision of Seventh Congress to make the VAP available to provide assistance also in the applications of the WWW in the field of hydrology. It invited Members to take advantage of the possibility of assistance from this source.

The Association agreed that the close collaboration with regional bodies of international organizations, such as ESCAPr should be continued and strengthened through exchange of information and implementation of joint projects.

6.3 APPLICATION OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY TO AGRICULTURE, AVIATION, OCEAN ACTIVITIESr ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTIO~~ AND OTHER HUMAN ACTIVITIES (Agenda item 60 3)

6.3 0 1.1 The Association expressed its appreciation to the chairman of the Working Group on Agricultural Meteorology for his valuable report and for the recom­mendations it contained.

6.301.2 The Association was of the view that although over the previous decade the Commission for Agricultural Meteorology and the national Meteorological Services had accumulated basic knowledge of the relationships between weather/climate and agriculture and had demonstrated how this knowledg~ could and should be used in order to make more efficient use of meteorological information in crop and land managementr and in improved agricultural production, it was nevertheless apparent that such know­ledge had not been fully utilized and this was now being recognized. The challenge to Meteorological Services was therefore clear and greeter efforts were called for in providing and applying meteorological information (past, present and future) to all the diverse aspects of food productiono The Association therefore noted with con­siderable interest the decisions of Seventh Congress regarding the WMO agrometeoro­logical activities in aid of food production.

The Association noted with much interest the information about the current agrometeorological activities in a number of Member countries as well as the steps taken by some Members to initiate or to develop further their activities in this field through appropriate organizational arrangements for the provision of neces­sary meteorological advice for agriculture, issue of special forecasts and warnings,

36 GENERAL SUMMARY

preparation of crop-weather calendars and manuals, liaison with agricultural interests, training of students at agricultural institutions, etc.

6030104 The Association considered that the success of agrometeorological activities at the national level was dependent to a large extent on the co-operation between the agricultural and the meteorological authorities which in turn depended on an adequate liaison between the two, and therefore requested its Members to take steps to improve such liaison wherever necessaryo The Association also considered that the holding of seminars with the participation of both meteorologists and agricultural scientists would serve a valuable purpose. It therefore welcomed the proposal of CAgM to hold in Region II in 1977 a seminar on agrometeorology or on a specific topic in this field, with the participation of meteorologists and agri­cultural scientists, and also the CAgM recommendation, approved by the Executive Committee, to investigate with FAO the possibility of organizing a technical con­ference with a view to improving communication between agricultural scientists and agrometeorologists at the national level.

6.3.1.5 The Association noted with satisfaction the decisions of Seventh Congress in Resolution 19 (Cg-VII) to increase the support to the developing coun­tries in order to strengthen their agrometeorological services through the provision of short-term missions and in this connexion made a strong appeal to highly developed countries to make every effort with a view to making the best ex~erts av~ilable for t_his purpose o In this connexion the Association also noted with appreciation the willingness of the UoS.SoR. to make suitable experts avuilable.

6~3.106 The Association re-established the Working Group on Agricultural Meteorology consisting of experts serving as rapporteurs for specific tasks. Resolution 18 (VI-RA II) was adopted o

6.3 0 1.7 The Association also considered a proposal to make a study of climatic analogues for the Region and agreed that the task could most appropriately be assigned to a rapporteur. Resolution 19 (VI-RA II) was adopted.

6.3.201 The decisions of the Association on the subject of aircraft weather reports are contained in paragraphs 401.2.14 and 4.1.2.15.

6.3 0 2.2 As regards the applications of meteorology to aviation, the main dis-cussions were focused on the Area Forecast System and the decisions of the Associa­tion are contained in paragraph 4.204.10 In this connexion it was mentioned that the present distribution of AFCS charts via RTH facsimile broadcasts of the co­located RMCsjAFCs in Region II did not fully meet the operational requirements, probably due to shortcomings in the telecommunications facilities. The Association requested the Secretary-General to obtain from ICAO detailed information on the shortcomings in the distribution of AFC products o Upon receipt of this information the Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications should study the problem and make recommendations for remedial action.

GENERAL SUMMARY 37

Air £o!l~t~o~

6.3.3 0 1.1 The Association noted that stations for the measurement of background air pollution had already been established or planned in nine countries in the Region o The Association agreed that there was a need to establish more stations to meet the density and other criteria laid down by the Executive Committee, particularly in developing countries, so that the effects of industrialization could be studied in the future. In this connexion it was noted with appreciation that visits by a WMOconsultant to a number of countries had been arranged in order to provide them with technical advice in this mattero

6 0 3 0 3 0 1.2 The Association was of the view that the measurement of dust content and of CO2 at baseline stations, standardization of the equipment used at ~he stations and accuracy of measurements were of great importance. The president was requested to bring these questions to the attention of the Executive Committee Panel of Experts on Environmental Pollution for appropriate action.

The decisions of the Association on this subject are contained in paragraph 6.3.405 0

The Association considered this subject under agenda item 6.2 -Hydrologyo

Marine activities

6.3.4.1 The Association expressed its warm appreciation to the Rapporteur on Applications of Meteorological and Climatological Information to Marine Activities for his comprehensive report. This report covers the wide range of activities for which general and specialized marine meteorological services are required, including the oceanographic services under IGOSS, and describes the v~rious means by which national Meteorological Services should or could respond to these requirements. T1e Association requested the Secretary-General to distribute the report, in an appropriate form, to all Members of the Association.

6 0 3 0 4.2 The Association noted with satisfaction that China had assumed responsibility for issuing high-seas warnings and marine forecasts for the Po Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, the South China Sea and the Strait of Taiwan province. It shared the concern of the rapporteur about multiple overlaps of areas of fore­cast responsibility in the west Pacific and Indian Oceans. Si~ce it was realized that overlaps in general could not be avoided, the Association urged its Members to endeavour to achieve the largest possible degree of uniformity in terminology and area indications used in bulletins for shipping. Resolution 20 (VI-RA II) on marine meteorological services was adopted. The Association also appointed a Rapporteur on Regional Marine Meteorological Services (Resolution 21 (VI-RA II».

38 GENERAL SUMMARY

6 0 3.4.3 The Association noted with great interest that a marine meteoro-logical expert under a regional WMO/UNDP project had been engaged to visit a number of countries in the Region which had requested assistance in assessing the needs for improvement or expansion of the national marine meteorological programmeo During -the visits meetings were arranged with national authoritie~each dealing with the different activities for which meteorological support is required, such as shipping, fisheries, coastal engineering, off-shore activities, etc o The Members concerned reported that the expert's mission in their respective cou~tries had been most use­ful and had resulted in a number of recommendations for specific follow-up action o The Association considered that matters requiring regional co-ordination might also be usefully discussed with the expert, in particular the national arrangements needed to meet the various regional requirements for high-seas warnings and forecasts o For instance, the re-opening of the Suez Canal will necessitate increased attention to marine meteorological services for the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden; Members concerned were invited to consider the possibilities 6f expert missions to their countries to obtain advice on questions requiring regional co-ordination o

6.3 0 4.4 The Association noted that under the Joint IOC/WMO Integrated Global Ocean Stcition System (IGOSS) the international exchanges of BATHY ~nd TESAC reports had started on 1 June 1975 as a regular operational programmeo It stressed the importance of exchanges of these data within the Region, in view of several combined meteorological/oceanographic research programmes in the west Pacific and north Indian Ocean. So for, only few data were exchanged between countries of R~gion II, but it was expected that this number would rapidly increase when FGGE and its sub­programmes, such as MONEX, would enter into their operational phaseo The Association noted that three Members, India, Japan and the UoSoSoR~were interested in receiving BATHY and TESAC data for the regular preparation of charts for large ocean areas. The UoSoS.Ro had offered to function as a World Oceanographic Data-processing Centre for this type of data.

6.3 0 4.5 The Association also noted that the IGOSS Pilot Project for Marine Pollution Monitoring (oil) had started on 1 January 1975 0 Severa! Members of RA II had expressed an interest in this project and had made national arrangements to participate. The Association felt that as many countries as possible should partici­pate in this project aiming at a first assessment of the seriousness of marine pollution by oil in the oceans o

Meteorology in relation to social 9.'21~'lomic 1evelopment (Agenda item 6.4)

6 0 4.1 The Association noted the relevant decisions of Congress and of the Executive Committee regarding the application of meteorology to economic and social development, as well as the current activities in this field such as the country case studies of cost/benefit relationship of Meteorological Services and the preparation of a number of publications dealing with different aspects of this subject to serve as guidance material for Members.

6 0 4.2 The Association recognized that the role of meteorology in various human activities was increasing continuallyo It was also considered that a greater awareness of the economic benefits to be derived from meteorological information

GENERAL SUMMARY 39

and advice would enable the national Meteorological and Hydrological Services to contribute more effectively to various sectors of national economy. The Association therefore recommended that its Members prepare national booklets on how meteorology and hydrology can be applied to various activities of particular interest to their respective countries, taking into account the information contained in the relevant WMO publications, as well as the ideas contained in the conclusions of the WMOj ECAFE Regional Conference on the Role of Meteorological Services in the Economic Development of Asia and the South-West Pacific (Bangkok, August 1973).

6.4 Q 3 The Association noted with satisfaction that the Executive Committee had supported the proposal of the Commission for Special Applications of Meteoro­logy and Climatology to organize a seminar in Region II on the treatment of climato­logical data for economic and environmental applications. The Association agreed that in addition it would be useful to organizer as suggested by the Executive Committeer regional and sub-regional conferences to promote the role of meteorology in economic and social development.

6.4.4 The decisions of the Association on this item are contained in Resolution 22 (VI-RA II)o

TECHNICAL CO-OPERATION PROGRAMME (Agenda item 7)

7.1 The Association reviewed the information provided by the Secretary-General on the technical co-operation activities carried out in the Region since its previous session and noted in particular the considerable assistance provided under the Voluntary Assistance Programme and the WMO long-term fellowship programme o

7.2

7 0 2.1 The Association noted that the present country programming period would end in 1976 and that many governments had already begun preparations for the formulation of their country programmes for the period 1977~1981. As experience had shown that it was difficult to introduce at a later stage new projects which had not been taken into account during the preparation of the country programmes, the permanent representatives concerned were urged to keep themselves informed of the progress in the preparation of the UNDP programme in their countries and to ensure that the national planning authorities were informed of the requirements for assistance in meteorology and operational hydrologyo In this connexion it was agreed that the Secretary-General should continue +'0 provide information and assist­ance as requested by Members in suggesting and formulating projects in the field of WMO o

7.202 The Association w~s pleased to note that it had been possible to hold five regional seminars and conferences since its previous session, that UNDP support to the WMO Typhoon Programme in the Region had been continued and expanded and that regional expert missions in meteorological telecommunications and marine meteorology were under implementation. The Association learned with concern, however, that the outlook was less optimistic for regional seminars and training conferences in the period 1977-1981 for two reasons: (0) the general UNDP policy

40 GENERAL SUMMARY

is to restrict the number of seminars to those given the highest priority by a large number of governments; and (b) experience has shown that governments usually do not give the same high priority to seminar and conference project proposals as is given to specific regional development projects such as training centres and river basin surveys and development o It was stressed that special efforts should be made by Members to convince their governments to assign a high priority to WMO­sponsored seminars and conferences which may be referred by the UNDP to their countries for consideration o

UNDP inter-country projects for 1976 and later years

7 0 3 0 1 The future needs for training seminars and conferences and other inter-country projects were discussed and the Association reviewed the list of inter-country projects which, based upon proposals from RA II and RA V, had been submitted to the UNDP. Realizing that only a very limited number of seminars was likely to be financed by UNDP, the Association considered endorsing either directly or with slightly modified titles the seminars proposed by RA V. It was decided, however, that while the majority of these seminars and conferences could be support­ed, the following four seminars were of equal high priority to the Association~

Seminar on Applications of Agrometeorology to the Problems of Crop and Livestock Production of the Arid and Semi-arid zones of Asia;

Seminar on WMO Standard Practices in Operational Hydrology and Applications of Meteorological Satellite Data to Hydrology and Water Resource Surveys;

Seminar on Applications of Computer Techniques for the Storage, Retrieval and Processing of Hydrological and Meteorological Data;

Seminar on Treatment of Climatological Data for Economic and Environmental Applications o

The following seminars and conferences previously proposed by RA II or RA V are also of great importance and they should, if possible, be organized during the coming years~

Seminar on Uses of Meteorological Satellite Data for Typhoon and Tropical Cyclone Warning;

Seminar on Conceptual Models for Operational Hydrological Forecasting;

Seminar on Monsoons in Asia and the South-West Pacific;

Technical Conference on the Meteorological Factors Influencing Rice Production;

GENERAL SUMMARY

Technical Conference on Meteorological Services for Supersonic Transport Aircraft Operations o

This decision of the Association was incorporated in Resolution 23 (VI-RA 11)0

41

70 3 0 2 The Association observed that the desired frequency for seminars and conferences would be approximately one per year o The Association therefore requested that in the event of UNDP financing not being available to achieve such a frequency, the Secretary-General should explore other possible sources of financing in order to reach this minimum goal o

7.303 The decisions of the Association concerning support under the UNDP inter-country programme for the Typhoon Committee Secretariat and for the WMO/ ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea are recorded under agenda item 4.40

7 Q 3 0 4 The Associqtion noted the need for assistance through UNDP, VAP and other assistance programmes to the Democratic Peopleus Republic of Korea, the Democratic Republic of Viet-Nam and the Republic of South Viet-Nam for the develop­ment of their Meteorological Services o

8.

80 1 presented~

SCIENTIFIC LECTURES AND DISCUSSIONS (Agenda item 8)

During the session the following two scientific lectures v/ere

Meteorology in support of food production, by C. Ro V. Raman (India);

Systems for observing tropical cyclones and techniques for predicting them, by No Arizumi (Japan).

The lectures were followed by discussions o The Association expressed its gratitude to the lecturers for their very interesting and topical lectureso

8 0 2 The Association requested its president to arrange for scientific and technical lectures and discussions to be held at the next session o

REVIEW OF PREVIOUS RESOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION AND OF RELEVANT EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE RESOLUTIONS (Agenda item 9)

The Association examined its past resolutions still in force at the time of the sixth session.

90 2 The Association noted that most of its past resolutions had been replaced by new resolutions adopted during the present session, or had already served their purpose and had become obsolete.

90 3 The results of the revision of the previous resolutions are con-tained in Resolution 24 (VI-RA 11)0

42 GENERAL SUMMARY

10. ELECTION OF OFFtCERS (Agenda item 10)

Mro Co Charoen-rajapark (Thailand) was elected president and Mr. Ao Go J o AI-Sultan (Iraq) was elected vice-president of the Association o

DATE AND PLACE OF THE SEVENTH SESSION (Agenda item 11)

The Association noted with appreciation the information given by the principal delegates of Iraq and Mongolia, indicating that their countries would be ready to host the seventh session of the Association in Baghdad arid Ulan Bator, respectivelyo The Association noted this information with appreciation and agreed that the date and the place of its seventh session should be determined later in accordance with Article lS(c) of the Convention of WMO.

CLOSURE OF THE SESSION (Agenda item 12)

12.1 In the last plenary meeting the principle delegates expressed their gratitude to the authorities of Sri Lanka for the excellent arrangements made for the sessiono The delegates thanked Mro Go So Jayamaha for the generous hospitality shown to all participants o All the speakers thanked the former president of the Associ~tion, Oro Ao Po Navai, and the acting president of the Association, Mr. Do Tubdendorj, for the guidance shown during their terms of office as well as in conducting the session. The delegates also expressed thanks for the excellent

.work carried out by the local secretariat and the WMO Secretariat, which had greatly facilitated the smooth conduct of the sessiono

12.2 The representative of the Secretariat, Oro Go Ko Weiss, thanked the acting president and the chairmen of the two committees who had greatly facilitated the smooth working of the session o Dr. Weiss also thanked once more the Government of Sri Lanka for the excellent facilities put at the disposal of the session o He expressed his great appreciation to the. Director of the Department of Meteorology, Mr. Go So Jayamaha, and all his staff, in particular Mro Mahadeva, chief of the local secretariat, for the very fine job they had done.

12 0 3 In his closing address, Mro Do Tubdendorj recalled the importance of the constructive work done by the session and he thanked all participants for the excellent spirit of international co-operationo He thanked the chairmen of the committees, the representative of the Secretary-General of WMO and all other col­laborators of the WMO Secretariat and the local secretariat for the efficient manner in which they had carried out their tasks o The acting president very heartily thanked Mr. Go So Jayamaha and the Sri Lanka Government for the excellent way in which the session had been organized as well as for the warm hospitality extended to all the participants at the session o Finally, he wished the new president of the Association, Oro Co Charoen-rajapark, every success in the performance of his dutieso

The session was closed at 10 10 porn. on IS September 1975.

RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE SESSION

Reso 1 lVI-RA Il2 - REGIONAL BASIC SYNOPTIC NETWORK

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 1 (V-RA II),

(2) Resolution 2 (V-RA II),

(3) Resolution 36 (75-RA II),

(4) Regulations lAulo!7 3 0 1, JA.lo~ 101, LAoleg7 201 and LAolo~ 301 of the WMO Technical Regulations, and the defin~tion of the regional basic synoptic network as given in the WMO Technical Regulations,

(5) Recommendation 21 (CBS-VI),

(6) Resolution 3 (EC-XXVI),

(7) Resolution 3 (Cg-VII),

CONSIDERING that the maintenance of a regional basic synoptic network of surface and upper-air stations, sufficient to permit Members to fulfil their responsibilities in the application of meteorology, constitutes one of the most important functions of the Association,

DECIDES:

(1) That the stations an~ the observational programmes listed in Part A of the annex*to this resolution shall constitute the basic synoptie. network of the Region;

(2) Tnat the manned surface land stations included in the basic synoptic network of Region II shall conform to the specifications laid down for principal land stations in the WMO Technical Regulations;

(3) That the regional basic synoptic network shall be reviewed at each session of the Association;

URGES Members:

(1) To spare no· effort in their endeavours to secure full implementation of the network of stations and observations set forth in Part A of the anne~at the earliest date possible;

44 RESOLUTION 2

(2) To comply fully with the standard observation times as well as to the time range within which the coded observations should be ready for transmission laid down in the WMO Technical Regulations;

AUTHORIZES the president of the Association to approve, at the request of the Member concerned and in consultation with the S~cretary-General, minor changes to the regional basic synoptic network as may be required if they do not adversely affect the density criteria and the required programmes and to bring to the attention of Members of WHO by means of the procedure described in Part B of the annex* to this resolution o

-------,----------* See Annex II.

~~s. 2 (VI-fiA_lll .. ::: .. 'OBSERV~TIONS FROM AIlfOMATIC WEA.THER STATIONS FOR

SYNOPTlC PURPOSES

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTlNG:

(1) Resolution 6 eV-RA II),

(2) 'Resoletion 3 (Cg-VII),

CONSIDERING:

(1) That allll;omatic weather stations could be used to provide a ,portion of the surface observatiLons called for in the regional basic synoptic network where it w.ould be economical and feasible, particularly at locations where it is noi; practi­cable to have a manned station or at manned stations where shortage of trained staff woeld ot)herwise preclude round-the-clockoperations I

(2) That automatic weather stations suitable foroperatic:mal use are already available I

INVITES ,Members'~

(1) To consider the possibility of establishing and using automatic weather stations as an additional means of implementing the regional 'basic synoptic network I particularly in data-sparse areas, such as deserts and arctic regions ,and other uninhabited areas;

(2) To study the possibility of using marine automatic stations to improve t'he dato coverage of sea areas of the Region;

(3) To arrange for the regular distribution,on a regionalbasisI of reports from automatic weather stations, preferably in the standard WMO international code form FM ll-V SYNOP;

RESOLUTION 3

(4) To make use of the data-collection capabilities of geostationary meteorological satellites for the collection of data from automatic weather stations, where required;

45

FURTHER INVITES Members to provide the Secretary-General with information concerning the location and the obse.rv,~ng programmes of the automatic weather stations in use for synoptic purposes by their Meteorological Services for inclusion in WMO Publication No o 9 or any other appropriate WMO publications and documents o

Res. 3 (VI-RA-..1.ll- OBSERVATIONS, FROM DATA-SPARSE OCEAN AREAS IN REGION II • - I _

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING~

(1) Regulations LAol.17 30 10 5, LAol.~ 3.1 0 6; LAolo!7 30 1.7, LAal.~3.l.8

and LA.lo~ 3.1 0 9 of' the WHO Technical Regulations,

(2) Resolution 3 (Cg-VII) - World Weather Watch,

(3) Resolution 6 (Cg-VII) - Improvement in observational data coverage over the oceans,

(4) Recommendation 12/4 - Observations from mobile ships - ASIA-PACo RAN Meeting of leAD (Honolulu, Septembe,r 1973),

CONSIDERING:

(1) That there are large ocean areas in the Pacific and Indian Oceans from which few surface or upper-air observations are available,

(2) That the number of observations from those remote areas may be greatly increased by making use of all available observing platforms and also of recent developments in observing and transmission techniques,

(3) That additional observing programmes could be undertaken by the pooling of resources in bilateral or multilateral projects where they cannot be undertaken by individual Members,

URGES Members~

(1) To spare no effort, either individually or collectively, to increase the number of observations from ocean areas in Region II, using mobile ships, research and fishing vessels, fixed ocean weather ships, drifting or moored plat­forms and remote islands r wherever practicable;

(2) To improve the telecommunication arrangements for the collection of data from the mobile and fixed platforms, in particular to make use of up-to-date HF techniques and capabilities offered by meteorological satellites for the collec­tion of data from properly equipped platforms.

46 RESOLUTION 4

Res. 4 (VI-RA II) - OBSERVATIONS FROM AIRCRAFT FOR SYNOPTIC AND TROPICAL

CYCLONE WARNING PURPOSES ~-

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING~

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4) Regulations,

(,5)

Resolution 4 (V-RA II),

Resolution 3 (Cg-VII),

Resolution 5 (Cg-VII),

Regulations [i2.g 2.3 and [i2.'§ 2.3 of the WMO Technical-

Recommendation 6 (CBS-VI),

CONSIDERING~

(1) The importance of meteorological observations from aircraft as a source of upper-air data, especially from the oceans and other spa~sely inhabited areas,

'(2) That air reports eire being disseminated in the Region in accordance with the procedures laid down in the Ma~ual on the Global Telecommunication System,

(3) The value of exchanging in-flight and post-flight weather reports,

(4) The value of weather-reconnaissance flights to obtain detailed information on pressure and wihd distribution in tropical cyclones,

RECOGNIZING that air reports will become even more important ill the mixed observing system by providing synoptic and asynoptic data for operational and research purposes,

INVITES Members:

(1) To implement fully the AIREP reporting scheme and continue to seek the co-operation of airlines with a view to ensuring the availability of an increased number of in-flight and post-flight weather reports, in particular from upper-air data-sparse areas,

(2) To continue their efforts to implement fully the regular national, regional and global distribution of in-flight and post-flight aircraft weather reports;

RESOLUTION 5

(3) To set up, where possible, weather-reconnaissance flights during the tropical cyclone season, and to distribute the information regionally as required;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General to study, in consultation with ICAO, IFALPA and lATA, ways and means of increasing the number of in-flight and post-flight weather reports available for exchange in Region II, including the possible auto­mation of data acquisition and transmission.

Re~~(VI-RA II) - NETWORKS OF GROUND WEATHER RADAR" STATIONS FOR STORM

WARNING PURPOSES IN TROPICAL AREAS OF THE REGION

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING Resolution 7 (V-RA II),

CONSIDERING:

(1) The value of ground weather radar observations for forecasting purposes, especially in areas affected by tropical cyclones cnd other severe storms,

47

(2) That the WMO/ESCAP Typhoon Committee suggests that suitable, preferably 10 cm, ground weather radar stations be installed for storm warning purposes by its participating countries,

(3) That the WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea established a sub-regional network of 10 cm wavelength radar stations,

URGES Members~

(1) To establish networks of ground weather radar stations for storm warning purposes in tropical areas of the Region;

(2) To arrange for the distribution of the information obtained from the weather radar stations listed in the annex* to this resolution;

AUTHORIZES the president of the Association, in consultation with the Secretary-General, to approve such changes to these networks as may be required and to bring them to the attention of the Members of the Region;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General to assist Members in the implementation of these networks o

* See Annex III.

48 RESOLUTIONS 6, 7

Res. 6 (VI-RA II) - METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE DATA RECEPTION_IN THS REGION

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:.

(1) systems that Watch system

(2)

The World Weather Watch plan for 1976-1979 and the proposed satellite are expected to be in operation as a component of the World Weather during: the First GARP Global Experiment,

Res.clution 8 (Gg-VII),

CONSIDERING:

(1) The increasing need of all Meteorological Services in the Region for information obtained from satellites for various applications in meteorology, oceanography, hydrology and other environmental programmes,

(2) The complexity of ground stations required to receive certain ,types of high-resolution 'image and quantitative 'satellite data and the high expenses involved in receiving and processing such satellite information,

(3) The usefulness o·f the direct broadcast capabilities from the satellites such as the Automatic Picture Transmission (APT), High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT), the Vertical Temperature Profile Information (VTPI). and the WEFAX,

URGES M~mbers to establish co-operative programmes in the Region, either bilateral or multil€lteral, to obtain a maximum amount of satellite data and product& and minimize the overall cost in establishing ground receiving stations and tlie' associated processing facilities,

REQUESTS. the Secret€lry-General:

(1) To advise and assist Members of RAIl in' the establishment of a multi­national programme involving the reception, processing and dissemination of satellite information;

(2) To arrange for a regional seminar, preferably with the assistance of UNDP,. on tne application' of sateUi te data, in meteorology, hydrology, oceanography and other environmental studies.

REt-'3 o 7 (VI-RA II) - NETWORK OF CLIMATAND CLIMAT TEMP REPORTING STATIONS IN

REGION II

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING~

RESOLUTION 8

(1) Resolution 8 (V-RA II),

(2) Regulations LAolo~ 2.4, LA02o~ 301.1, [Ao2.±7 3.101.1 and LA.2.~ 3.102 of the WMO Technical Regulations,

CONSIDERING that changes which have ocourred since the last session of the Association in the regional network of stations transmitting CLlMAT and CLlMAT TEMP reports make the revision of this network necessary,

DECIDES that the network of stations transmitting CLlMAT and CLlMAT TEMP reports in Region II shall include those stations listed in the annex* to this resolution;

AUTHORIZES the president of the Association, in consultation with the Secretary-General, to approve minor changes to the network, as may be required;

.REQUESTS the Secretary-General to bring such changes to the attention of Members of the Organizationo

* See Annex IV.

Res. _8 (VI-'1t1. II) - STIi~NGTHENING OF NATIONAL t1.ETEOROLOGICAL CENTRES

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING the WWW plan for the period 1976-1979,

CONSIDERING:

(1) The need for the provision of meteorological services in the various field~ of human activities,

(2) That the requirements for meteorological services can best be met through well-equipped and staffed National Meteorological Centres g

URGES Members to equip and staff their National Meteorological Centres as necessary to ensure provision of an adequate meteorological wervice (including warning services on hazardous weather conditions) to various fields of human activities;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General to assis.t countries, if requested, in the planning of the upgrading of national Meteorological Services, in particular in the establishment of National Meteorological Centres.

49

50 RESOLUTIONS 9, 10

Res. 9 (VI-RA 11)_- A~ENDMENTS TO CODING PRACTICES FOR REGION II

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING Part A, Chapter II of Volume II 'of the Manual on Codes,

CONSIDERING that there is a need for minor amendments to certain regional practices,

DECIDES~

(1) That Chapter II - Region II (Asia) of Volume II of the Manual on Codes shall be amended as shown in the annex* to this resolution;

(2) That these amendments shall come into force on 1 January 1976.

* See Annex V.

Res. 10 (VI-RA lIt ~_ .RAPPORTEURQN CODES.

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA, ...

CONSIDERING that there is a need for further study of a number of regional cod~ problems in Region II,

DECIDES:

(1) To appoint a Rapporteur on Codes with the following terms of reference~

Codes;

(a) To keep under review the existing regional meteorological codes for Region II and to develop ne~ codes or recommend changes to existing regional codes, as required;

(b) To take action on coding problems assigned by the president of the Regional Association;

(c) To represent RA lIon the CBS Working Group on Codes;

(2) To invite Dr. A. D. Chistiakov (U.SQS.Ro) to serve as Rapporteur on

(3) To request the rapporteur to submit a final report to the president of the Association six months prior to the seventh session of the Association o

RESOLUTIONS 11, 12

Res u_~tJYI-R'lJl">-.-:. ORGA~IlATIOIi OF THE REGIO:--JAL J1ETEO--'lO~OGI5~.:~.L TE_'=.E­

COI1I'1UNICATION P'=A!'J FO_R REGION..l.L(ASIA..t!OR TIi~_

WOR,=-~ ItJEA T.1iE.R WALCH

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:

(1) Resolu~ion 3 (Cg-VII) - World Weather Watch,

(2) Manual on the Global Telecommunication System, Volume I (Global Aspects), Part I,

(3) Manual on the Globa! Telecommunication System, Volume II (Regional Aspects), Region II (Asia), Part I,

51

CONSIDERING the need to review the regional meteorological telecommunication plan for Region II (Asia) For the World Weather Watch to meet the increasing requirements of Members in Region II and of the World Wa~ther Watch,

DECIDES that Part I "Organization of the regi~nal meteorological tele­communication plan for Region II (Asia) for the World Weather Watch" included in the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System, Volume II (Regional Aspects), A3io,be amended as given in the annex* to this resolution;

AUTHORIZES the president of the Association, in consultation with the Secretary-General of WMO, to approve minor changes to the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System, Volume II (Asia), Organization of the regional meteoro­logical telecommunication plan for Region II (Asia) for the World Weather Watch;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General of WMOto include the amended text given in the annex to this resolution as Part I - Organization of the Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Plan for Region II (Asia) for the World Weather Watch. in Volume II (Regional Aspects), Asia, of the Manual on the Glbbal Telecommunication System.

-------* See Annex VI.

Res o 12 (VI-RA II) - JELECQ.MMUNI~ATION ~OCSQ.URES FOR REGION II (ASI~

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:

(1) The Manual on the Global Telecommunication System, Volume I (Global Aspects), Part II,

52 RESOLUTION 13

(2) The Manual on the Global Telecommunication System, Volume II (Regional Aspects), Asia, Part II,

DECIDES that Part II (Telecommunication procedures for Region II (Asia» of Volume II (Regional Aspects), Asia, of the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System be amended as given in the annex* to this resolution;

AUTHORIZES the president of the Association, in consultation with the Secretary-General of WMO, to approve minor changes to the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System, Volume II (Regional Aspects), Asia, Part II (Tele­com'llunication procedures for Region II (Asia»;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General of WMO to include t!,e amended text given in the annex to this resolution as Part II (Telecommunication procedures for Region II (Asia}) of Volume II (Regional Aspects), Asia, of the Manual on t~e Global Telecommunication System.

-------. * See Annex VII.

Res. 13 tyI-RA IU_::.JiQRKI~Q. GRQ.UP ON t1ETEORQ.~OGICAL TEL~~OMMUNICATIQ!~-S

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTI:-JG:-

(1) Resolution 3 eCg-VI) - World Weather Watch,

(2) That Members' requirements for collection, exchange and distribution of meteorological information a:r:e undergoing constant change due to the prog.-ress in atmospheric science and data-processing technology,

(3) That technology in the field of telecommunications is progressing at an ever-increasing rate,

CONSIDERING that these developments require constant review and adjustmen~s of the meteorological telecommunIcation arrangements in Region II,

DECIDES~

(1) To re-establish a Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications with the following terms of reference:

(0) To formulate recommendations on regional activities relating to the World Weather Watch telecommunication system 1:1 Region II;

RESOLUTION 13

(b) To co-ordinate the implementation of telecommunication facilities and techniques if required;

(c) To study problems relating to the inter-regional eXGhange of observational and processed information with neighbouring Regions;

(d) T~ keep abreast of the development of new telecommunication technology and equipment and to study its possible adaptation to the requirements for an efficient regional meteorological telecommunication system in Region II, including the advantages derived from communication space techniques, including meteoro­logical satellites;

(e) To establish any group considered necessary for studying special problems;

(f) To keep under review the regional meteorological telecommunica­tion plan particularly as regards the development in the capabilities of geostationary satellites on data collection and distribution;

(g) To advise the president of the Association on regional meteoro­logical telecom~unication problems, as assigned to the group;

53

(2) That the working group shall be composed of experts in meteorological tele~ommunications nominated by Members of RA II wishing to participate actively in the work of the group;

(3) To give the following composition to the group:

(0) The following experts who were nominated in the course of the session:

Mro Ko M. AI-Yagout (Kuwait) Mr. 0 0 Burenjargal (Mongolia) Mr. So Ko Das (India) Mr. Ho Ko Eldouri (Iraq) Mr. Ao Hinaidy (Saudi Arabia) Dr. J o Rahmani (Iran) Mr. S. Tumsaroch (Thaila~d)

-Mr. M. Yaseen (Eakistan) Dr. G. A. Zuev (U.SoS.R.)

(b) Additional experts who may be nominated later by Members of the Association;

(4) To select, in accordance with Regulation 31 of the General Regula­tions, Dro G. A. Zuev (U.S.S.R.) as chairman of the working group;

54 RESOLUTION 14

(5) T0 request the chairman of the working group to submit to the president of RA II, at yearly intervals, reports on the state of implementation of the regional meteorological telecommunication network in Asia.

This resolution replaces Resolution 15 (V-RA II)rwhich is no longer in force.

Re~. 14 l'!.I-RA _~ MITIG.~IION 0EJRO~ICAL c;.'[CLot~s DAMAGE IN ASIA

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 5 (EC-XXIV) - WMO Tropi:::al Cyclone Project - Plan of ::Iction,

{2} The important work being carried ou~ by the Typhoon Committee in the Far East and Pacific areas and by the WMOjESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea,

(3) Resolution 13 (Cg-VII) - Wt10 Tropical Cyclone Project,

CONSIDERING:

(1) That implementation of the regional part of the WWW plan and of the plans and the action programmes drawn up by the Typhoon Committee and by the Panel on Tropical Cyclones will make importunt contributions to warnin~ systems for the mitigation of cyclone damage,

(2) That implementation of these plans is greatly dependent on the active participation of as many Members of the Asso~iatiQn as possible,

BEING CONVINCED;

(1) Of the need for the long-term continuation of the Typhoon Committee Secretariat for the implementation of the committee's programme,

(2) Of the need for the services of international experts to be made available to the Panel on Tropical Cyclones,

(3) Of the need for funds to be made available for training, for fellow­ships and for the provision of equipment of special importance for the efficient functioning of warning systems,

REQUESTS the Secretary-General of WMO, in conjunction with the Executive Secretary of ESCAP:

RESOLUTION 15

(1) To seek the active co-operation of all Members in support of the Typhoon Committee and of the Panel on Tropical Cyclones;

(2) To seek support from UNDP and other appropriate sources in order to ensure the long-term continuation of the Typhoon Committee Secretariat;

(3) To seek support from UNDP and other appropriate sources in order to provide the Panel on Tropical Cyclones with the necessary assistance of inter­national experts;

(4) To seek funds from UNDP, VAP and other appropriate sources to provide essential training including seminars and technical conferences, fellow­ships and equipment;

(5) To encourage all Members to give active support to research con­nected with the implementation of the WMO Tropical Cyclone Project.

Res. l!L0il:: .. RA II) -:.~Q.R..TEUR ON RADIATION

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTI.'lG the work already accomplished by the Rapporteur on Radiation appointed by Resolution 17 (V-RA II),

CONSIDERING that it is necessary to continue and to co-ordinate the activities of RA II in the field of radiationj

DECIDES:

(1) To re-appoint a Rapporteur on Radiation with the following terms of reference:

(a) To keep under review the network of radiation stations in the Region and their observational programmes;

(b) To make recommendations on t~e desirable density of radiation stations and on the standardization of measurements;

(c) To promote the establishment of national radiation centres in Member countries and the standardization of instruments;

(d) To comply with requests from MemSers of the Association for advice on the development of their national networks of radiation stations or for the supply of information to assist Members in the implementation of WMO decisions concerning radiation measurements;

55

56 RESOLUTION 16

(e) To arrange and supervise periodical regional comparisons of the national standard pyrheliometers and to collect and record the results of these comparisons;

(f) To promote an exchange of information and publications relating to radiation within the Region;

(2) To invite the U.S.S.R. to designate an expert to serve as Rapporteur on Radiation;

(3) To request the rapporteur to submit a first report to the president of RA II by the middle of 1977 and a final report not later than six months before the next session of the Association.

Res o .M.JYl,,:"_RA IU_- RAPPORTEl!~ .. Q1iJ~T"10SPHERIC OZONE

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING the report of the Rapporteur on Atmospheric Ozone appointed by Resolution 16 (V-RA II),

CONSIDERING:

(1) The increasing interest in possible changes in the ozone layer and its imp.act on climate;

(2) That observations of atmospheric ozone are of ~reat interest to atmospheric physicists and meteorologists;

(3) That Seventh Congress and the Executive Committee have stressed the importance of strengthening the global monitoring of atmospheric ozone;

(4) That there is a continued need for keeping under review the activities in the field of atmospheric ozone within the Region with a view to extending and impr.oving the network and co-ordinating the activities, as required;

DECIDES:

(1) To re-appoint a Rapporteur on Atmospheric Ozone with the following terms of reference:

(a) To keep under review the network of ozone stations in the Region and their programmes and to co-ordinate the regional activities in this field;

(b) To recommend an optimum network of stations to measure total atmospheric ozone;

RESOLUTION 17

(c) To comply with requests from Members of the Association for advice or for the supply of information to assist them in the implementation of WMO decisions regarding ozone measurements;

(d) To promote the establishment of national ozone centres;

(e) To promote intercomparisons of instruments;

(f) To propose plans for ozone research projects within the Region;

(g) To keep in close touch with the CAS Rapporteur on Atmospheric Ozone;

(2) To invite India to designate a Rapporteur on At~ospheric Ozone;

(1) To request the rapporteur to submit a first report to the president of the Association by the middle of 1977 and the final report not later than six months before the next session of the Association.

Res. 11- (VI-.~.111- WOR.KING G~OUP ON HYD~OLOGY

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:

(1) The report of its Working Group on Hydrometeorology, established by Resolution 21 (V-RA II),

(2) The developments that have taken place in the implementation of the Operational Hydrology Programme since its last session,

(3) Resolutions 26, 27, 33 and 48 (Cg-VII),

CONSIDERING that Regional Association II has an important and active role in the implementation of regional activities in the field of operational hydrology,

DECIDES:

(1) To establish a Working Group on Hydrology with the following terms of reference:

(a) To finalize for publication:

(i) The various studies carried out by the previous working group;

57

58 RESOLUTION 17

(ii) An analytical report, using the statistical information collected from Members, on the status of hydrological networks in the Region, including proposals on their design and development, in particular with respect to the improvement of their adequacy for international purposes;

(b) To assist in the organization of specific studies on the practical use of WWW and other facilities for hydrologi-::al purposes in the selected international river basins, in co-operation with the hydrological and meteorological agencies of countries concerned and in conjunction with the appropriate bodies of WMO and other international organizations;

(c) To develop, in co-operation with the regional Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications, regional transmission plans for international exchange of hydrological data, and ~o specify regional and national requirements for data transmission using the GTS;

(d) To specify detailed requirements of national Hydrological Services and of bodies operating international river basins for data processing, storage and retrieval facilities, and to examine the possibility of setting up regional or sub-regional data banks in conjunction with various meteorologisal centres (RMCs and NMCs);

(e) To formulate proposals for the development and implementation of WMO international hydrological codes in the Region;

(f) To provide advice and assistance in the preparation ofa regional seminar on the appli~ation of WMO standard pr~ctices in operational hydrology;

(g) To ex~mine, on the basis of a study of available data, the possibility of preparing hydrological maps of RA II;

(h) To provide advice to the president of RA II on all regional questions concerning operational hydrology;

(.t) To collaborate with UN, ESCAP and other international agencies, particularly in such regional studies as flood forecasting, hydrological as~ects of tropical cyclones and droughts;

(2) To invite Members of the Region to nominate experts belonging to their Meteorological and Hydrological Services (or equivalent organizations), taking into consideration Resolution 26 (Cg-VII), to participate in the work of the group and attend the sessions of the group, when convened;

RESOLUTION 18

(3) T~ select, in accordance with Regulation 31 of the General Regulations, Dr. Do Hariri (Iran) as chairman of the working group;

REQUESTS the chairman of the working group to submit a report on the activities of the working group to the president of RA II by the end of each year.

NOTE: This resolution replaces Resolution 21 (V-RA II), which is no longer in force.

Res •. JJU..Y.,I-RA I:U_~.JiORKING GROl!e. ON AQ.RICULTURAL METEO~Q.'=.OGY

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:

(1) The report of the Working Group on Agricultural Meteorology, established by Resolution 19 (V-RA II),

(2) Resolution 19 (Cg-VII) - Agrometeorological activities in aid of food production,

CONSIDERING~

(1) The import~nce of agriculture in the national economies of all Members of RA II,

(2) The potentials and prospects of agrometeorology ~pplied to the agriculture of the Region,

(3) The diverse nature of the important agrometeorological aspects in the Region,

DECIDES:

(1) To re-establish the Working Group on Agricultural Meteorology with members serving as rapporteurs for specific tasks (see below) with the following overall terms of reference:

(a) To maintain a continuing review of the developments in agricultural meteorology, especially the activities of CAgM, with priorities given to those of particular signi­ficance to RA II;

(b) To advise the president of RA II regarding the possibilities of regional and sub-regional activities in agrometeor.o­logical research and services, as and when required;

59

60 RESOLUTION 18

ee) To undertake in addition the following specific tasks:

(A) ~roslimatic zonina

(i) To review the agroclimatic zoning that has been made in the Member countries;

(ii) To exnmine the suggestions regarding agroclimatic zoning made by the previous RA II Working Group on Agricultural Meteorology;

(iii) To explore the possibility of agroclimatic zoni,g of ~ountries in Region II based on (i) and (ii) and to advise Members in this regard;

(iv) To report to the seventh session of RA II on the completed and planned agroclimatic zoning by the different RA II Members and the developments in this activity during the period between the sixth and the seventh sessions of RA IT;

(8) ~ltibilllL.£f._~'ll?Rre§.si:on of eV<!E,oration from wat~ surf..C!~

(i) To examine the magnitude of evaporation in the arid zones of RA II;

(ii) To review the results of trials and experiments on evaporation suppression conducted during the past decade (period following the report of a WMO rapporteur on this subject);

(iii) To evaluate the economy and pollution aspects of the various methods of suppression;

(i) To examine the magnitude of soil evaporation and the relative contribution of soil evaporation to the totol actual evapotranspiration, especially in the arid parts of the Region;

(ii) To review the effectiveness of various soil mulches in reducing evaporation;

(iii) To evaluate the economy of these measuras in terms of costs and water savings;

RESOLUTION 18

(iv) To review the favourable and unfavourable effects of the inevitable agroclimatic modifications due to the application of the mulches;

. ....;

(D) Uniformity of agrometeorological methods and £!~ctices for wheat and rice

(i) To review the existing agroclimatic methods and practices for wheat and rice;

(ii) To suggest measures for achievement of uniformity on the sub-regional and, if possible, on the regional scale;

(E) Application of meteorology to forestry

(i) To keep close contact with the CAgM working group on this subject;

(ii) To collect information o~ the existing state bf application of meteorology to forestry practices, 'i8peci~11Yi~fforest~tipn, ·ih;~egion II;

(iii) To make concrete proposals for the improvement of conservation and rational exploitation of forestry resources using the related meteoro~ logical information and data;

61

(2) To invite the following experts to serve, in the capacities desig­nated, on the RA II Working Group on Agricultural Meteorology:

group;

Dr. G. Waliullah (Pakistan)

(An expert to be nominated by Iran)

Dr. F. Hashemi (Iran)

Dr. C. R. V. Raman (India)

(An expert to be nominated by U.S.S.R.)

Rapporteur on Agroclimatic Zoning (see (A) above)

Rapporteur on the Feasibility of Suppression of Evaporation from Water Surface (see (8) above)

Rapporteur on the Control of E~aporation from the Soil (see (C) abov~l

Rapporteur on the Uniformity of Agro­meteorological Methods and Practices for Wheat and Rice (see (D) above}

Rapporteur on the Application of Meteorology to Forestry (see (E) above);

(3) To designate Mr. C. R. V. Raman (India) as chairman of the working

62

(4) To request the working group as a whole and all five individual rapporteurs to submit their reports to the president of RA II not later than six months before the next session of the RA 110

Res. 19 (VI-RA II) - RAPPORTEUR ON THE METHODOLOGY OF ESTABLISHING

CLIMATIC ANALOGUES

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING Resolution 19 (Cg-VII) - Agrometeorological activities in aid of food production,

CONSIDERING that a study of climatic analogues in the Region would be useful, especially for developing countries with inadequate climatic data,

DECIDES:

(1) To appoint a. Rapporteur on the Methodology of Establishing Climatic Analogues with the following terms of reference:

(a) To review the work carried out in the field of climatic analogue determination;

(b) To review the climatological, statistical, ecological and phenological methods that can be used for the determination of the extent of similarities and dissimilarities of the climates to be compar~d;

(c) To prepare the results of this review in a form which can be used as -technical instructions for Members in the Region interested in such climatic comparisons;

(2) To invite India to designate a Rapporteur 0'1 the Methodology of Establishing Climatic Analogues;

(3) To request the rapRorteur to submit his report to the president not later thon six months before the seventh session of the Association.

Res. 1-0 0!.I-RA J.I) - J1~RIN~. METEOROUJGlC2~L.~~~V.ICES

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:

(1) The report of the RA II Rapporteur on Applications of Meteorological and Climatological Information to Marine Activities appoint~d by Resolution 20 (V-RA II).

RESOLUTION 20

(2) Recommendation 5 (CMM-VI) - Provisi,on of marine meteorological information to marine interests,

(3) Resolution 3 (V-RA II) - Observations from sparse-data ocean areas in Region II (Asia),

(4) Recommendation 11 (CMM-VI) - Bathythermal observations on board voluntary observing ships,

CONSIDERING:

(1) That trends in the development and use of coastal areas call for exPansion of specialized marine meteorological support,

63

(2) That the increase of shipping in the Red Sea and northern Indian Ocean which will result from the re-opening of the Suez Canal, a general increase of high-seas fishing and also the increased activities of ocean research vessels as the result of major scientific research programmes such as MONEX all call for greater attention to be given by Members to high-seas warnings and marine forecasts,

(3) The increased importance of observations from voluntary observing ships for large-scale meteorological research programmes over the oceans and related oceanographic expeditions as well as for the diverse marine activities for which meteorological forecasts are req~ired,~

(4) That specialized training of meteorological personnel in marine meteorology is an essential step towards the establishment or further development of meteorological services in support of marin~ activities;

DECIDES that meteorological services to marine activities, both in the coastal zone and on the high seas, should have a high priority in the further development of national meteorological programmes; and to this end~

ENCOURAGES Members of developing countries to establish Marine Meteoro­logical Divisions in their Meteorological Services and to include proposals relating to improvement or expansion of their national marine meteorological services in their country programme submissions to UNDP, and to support relevant regional WMOjUNDP projects;

URGES Members to recruit more voluntary observing ship~ plying in the Pacific and Indian Oceans and to ensure that these ships are equipped with adequate meteorological instruments;

ENCOURAGES Members to arrange for bathythermal observations to be taken on and transmitted ashore by research vessels and by as many voluntary observing ships as possible for purposes specified in the IGOSS programme;

REQUESTS Members to ensure that their training centres include courses on marine meteorology and elements of physical oceanography and to examine other possibilities for training marine meteorological personnel, such as seminars and workshops devoted to the applications of marine meteorology.

64 RESOLUTIONS 21, 22

Res. 21 (VI-RA II) - RAPPORTEUR ON REGIONAL MARINE METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING the report ·of the Rapporteur on Applications of Meteorological and Climatological Information to Marine Activities,

CONSIDERING that the expanding marine activities require a constant review of the marine meteorological services at the regional level to meet the requirements of users,

DECIDES:

(1) To appoint a Rapporteur on Regional Marine Meteorological Services with the following terms of referenceg

(a) To keep under re~ijw the needs for regional co-ordination of marine meteorological services and make proposals for regional actions in this field;

(b) To advise the president of RA II on questions regarding marine meteorological services which affect the Region and to advise Members on national and regional requirements and to assist in their co-ordination;

(2) To appoint Mr. Vo F. Komchatov (U.S.S.R.) as Rapporteur on Regional Marine Meteorological Services;

(3) To request the rapporteur to submit a first report by the middle of 1977 and a final report at least six months before the next session of the Association.

Res e 22 (VI-RA II) - METEOROLOGY AND SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING Resolution 21 (Cg-VII) - Role of meteorology and hydrology in economic and social development,

CONSIDERING:

(1) The increasing role of meteorology and hydrology in various activities at the national level;

(2) That a proper recognition of the economic benefits to be derived from meteorological information and advice would enable national Meteorological and Hydrological Services to make a more effective contribution to various sectors of national economy;

RESOLUTION 23

(3) That regional and sub-regional conferences on the economic benefits of the application of meteorology would be of benefit to Members of the Association,

INVITES Members to prepare national booklets on how meteorology and hydrology can be applied to various activities of particular interest to their respective countries and to make them available to other Members;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General to take steps to organize a regional or sub=regional conference on treatment of climatological data for economic and environmental applications.

Res. 23 CVI-RA II) - UN~P INTER-COUNTRY PROJECTS IN ASIA - PROPOSED SEMINARS

AND CONFERENCES

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:

65

(1) That national Meteorological and Hydrological Services 9f developing Member countries of the Association have reached such a stage of development that' they can amplify their efforts in providing information and advice to the various fields of economic development for the benefit of their respective countries,

(2) That there has been continuous evolution of the techniques in the practical application of meteorology and hydrology and that advanced knowledge has been acquired in these fields,

CONSIDERING:

(1) That there is a 'pressing need to make the staff of national Meteoro­logical Services familiar with the above-mentioned applications of meteorology and hydrology for the benefit of the economic development of their respective countries,

(2) That this aim can best be achieved through the organization of a number of regional training seminars or conferences organized by WMO,

EXPRESSES:

(1) The conviction that there is an urgent requirement for the following regional seminars:

Seminar on Applications of Agrometeorology to the Problems of Crop and Livestock Production of the Arid and Semi-arid Zones of Asia;

Seminar on WMO Standard Practices in Operational Hydrology and Applications of Meteorological Satellite Data to Hydrology and Water Resource Surveys;

66 RESOLUTION 24

Seminar on Applications of Computer Techniques for the Storage, Retrieval and Processing of Hydrological and Meteorological Data;

Seminar on Treatment of Climatological Data for Economic and Environmental Applications;

(2) Its agreement that the following seminars or conferences, previously recommended by Regions II and V, should also be organized during the coming years~

Seminar on Uses of Meteorological Satellite Data for Typhoon and Tropical Cyclone Warning;

Seminar on Conceptual Models for Operational Hydrological Forecasting;

Seminar on Monsoons in Asia and the South-west Pacific;

Technical Conference on the Meteorological Factors Influencing Rice Production;

Technical Conference on Meteorological Services for Supersonic Transport Aircraft Operations;

REQUESTS:

(1) The Secretary-General, in consultation with the president of the Association, to develop further these proposals and formulate suitable requests to the UNDP;

(2) That, in the event that UNDP support is not forthcoming to achieve the desired frequency of one seminar or conference per year, the Seeretary-General explore other possible sources of financing to realize this frequency; .

URGES its Members to ensure that when the proposals are circulated by UNDP to governments for endorsement these are accorded a high priority among all projects proposed for inclusion in the UNDP inter-~ountry programme for Asia.

Res. 24 (VI-RA II) - REVISION OF PREVIOUS RESOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF

THE ASSOCIATION

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING paragraph 3.7.1 of the general summary of the abridged report of EC-IX,

CONSIDERING~

(1) That a number of its resolutions adopted before its sixth session have been revised and incorporated in resolutions of the sixth session,

RESOLUTIO~ 24

(2) That other of its previous resolutions have been incorporated in appropriate WMO publications or have become obsolete,

(3) That some of the previous resolutions are still to be implemented,

(4) The action taken by the competent bodies of the Organization and by Members on the recommendations of RA II adopted before the sixth session,

DECIDES~

(1) To keep in force Resolutions 1 (III-RA II), 4 (III-RA II), 16 (IV-RA II), 17 (IV-RA II), 2 (V-RA II), 5- (V~RA-It), 9 (V-RA II), 13 (V-RA II), 29 (69-RA II) and 35 (74-RA 14);

(2) Not to keep in force the other resolutions and recommendations adopted before its sixth session;

(3) To publish the text of the resolutions kept in force in the annex* to this resolution.

* See Annex VIII.

67

RECOMMENDATIONS ADOPTED BY THE SESSION

Reco) (VI-RA II) - REGIONAL OFFICE FOR ASIA

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING paragraph 5.2 of the general summary of the abridged report of Cg.-VI I on regional office s,

CONSIDERING the need for advice and assistance to developing countries in Asia for the expansion and further development of their Meteorological/Hydrolo­gical Services,

RECOMMENDS that the Executive Committee study as a matter of urgency the possibility of setting up a Regional Office for Asia. in the WMO Secre,tariat.

Rec. 2 (VI-RA II) - ESTABLISHMENT OF A REGIONAL METEOROLOGICAL TRAINING CENTRE·

IN BAGHDAD

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:

(1) The procedures for the recognition of Regional Meteorological Training Centres as estahlished by the Executive Committee (paragraphs 40 6.23 and 4 0 6,,24 of the general summary of the abridged'report of EC-XX),

(2) The urgent need for training of personnel in the various fields of meteorology in the south-west port of Asia,

CONSIDERING:

(1) That tne availability of trained meteorological personnel of all classes is an essential prerequisite for the establishment of efficient meteorological services,

(2) The plan of the Government of Iraq to establish a meteorological training centre in Baghdad which will include the necessary modern facilities and highly qualified staff to conduct the training,

(3) That these plans meet the conditions established by the Executive Committee for Regional Meteorological Training Centres,

RECOMMENDATION 2

EX~RESSES its unanimous support for the establishment of a Regional Meteorological Training Centre in Baghdad, Iraq;

INVITES Iraq to establish as soon as possible a meteorological training centre in Baghdad;

REQUESTS the Executive Committee to designate a Regional Meteorological Training Centre in Iraq.

69

ANN E X I

Annex to paragraph 4",3 02.1 of the general summary'

REVIEW OF THE STATE OF IMPLEMENTATION AND fUTURE PLANS OF THE REGIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK fORREGlON II - ASIA

ADOPTED BY RESOLUTION II (VI-M II)

10 Main Trunk Circuit and its branches

Segment

New Delhi-Cairo

New Delhi-Noscow

New Delhi-Tokyo

Tokyo-Washington

Tokyo-Nelbourne

Present operational status

Satellite/cable" one 50-baud channel

HF/ISB, 4 x 50-baud ARQ channels and one fAX channel

Satellite, one 50-baud channel

Cable" .2400 bits/sec data channel with software error detection and corre.ction pro­cedures

Cable/satellite, one 75-baud cnunnel

NOTE: ARQ automatic error correcting system EDC :: error detection and correction system CDF = coded digital f.acsimile

FtJt;ure plan (Year of implementation)

HF/ISB, 2 x 50-baud ARQ channels tlnd -one FAX channel (1976) Hf IISB I2DO bits/sec dat-a channel and 'One FAX channel with EDC (1976 or Ioter)

HF /158., 1200 bits/sec data channel wit·h EDC and one FAX ch<lnnel (1975 or early 1976)

Satellite, one 200 bits/ sec channel (middle 1976)0 Satellite 2400 bits/sec data/FAX channel with EDC (software) (1977)

2400 bits/sec data/fAX (CDF) channel with EDC (software) (1975)

2400/4800 hits/sec datal FAX channel with fDC (sofiware){not before 1979)

ANNEX I

Segment Present operational status

Tokyo-Peking

2. Main regional circuits

Circuit

Bangkok-New Delhi

Bangkok-Tokyo·

Tokyo~Khabarov.k

Novosibirsk­Khabarovsk

Novosibirsk-Tashkent

New Delhi-Tehran

New Delhi-Jeddah

Tehran-Jeddah

Present operational status

HF, one 50-baud ARQ channel

Cable, 1200 bits/sec data/FAX channel with EDC (hardware)

Cable, 1200 bits/sec data/FAX channel with EDC (hardware)

Cable, 1200 bits/sec data/FAX channel with EDC (hardware)

3 0 Regional circuits

Bangkok-Phnom Penh

Bangkok-Vientiane HF, one 50-baud channel

Bangkok-Saigon

Bangk~k-Rangoon HF, one 50-baud channel

Bangkok-Dacca

New Delhi-Rangoon

71

Future plan (Year of implementation)

5 x 75-baud channels (1975) To be upgraded later to medium/high-speed data transmission

Future plan (Year of implementation)

One satellite channel, 75 baud

HF, one 50-baud ARQ channel (1976)

To be discussed later

HF, one 50-baud channel (end 1976)

HF, 50 bauds

HF, 50 bauds

HF, one 50-baud channel (1977)

Under consideration by Members concerned

72

·Circu.i t

New Delhi-Colombo

New Delhi-Dacca,

New Delhi-Kathmandu

New Delhi-Karachi

New Delhi-Kabul

Karachi-Tashkent

Novosibirsk­Ulan Bator

Tashkent-Kabul

T e hran-Karac hi

Kuwai t-Bahrain

T'ehran-Kabul

Tehran-Raglldad

TehFon-Aden

Aden-Sanaa

Jeddah-Sanaa

Bahrain-Doha

Jeddah-Kuwait

Banrain-Seeb

Tokyo-Seoul

ANNEX I

Present operational status

HF, one 25-baud ARQ channel

One 50-baud channel (via Calcutta)

Cable, one 50-baud channel

HF, one 50-baud channel

Micro-w,ave, one 50;..baud. channel

(AnN)

(AFTN)

(AFTN)

(AFTN)

Cable, one. 50-baud channel

Future plan (Year of implementation)

HF, one 50-baud channel

HF,50 bauds

HF, 50 bauds

HF, 50. bauds (end 1976)

HF, one 50-baud cha:nnel (middle 1976)

120.0 bits/sec data/FAX channel (1976)

1200 bits/sec dat'a!FAX channel (1978/1979)

Upgrading. to 75'or 100 bauds (end 1976)

HF, one 50-baud channel (end 1976)

HF or satellite, one 50-baud c~annel(end 1976)

HF, 50 ba.uds (end 1976)

(end1976.); ,

HF, 50 bauds (1977)'

HF, 50 bauds (1976)

ANNEX I

Circuit Present operational status

Hong Kong-Macao VHF, one 50-baud channel

Hong Kong-Peking

Hong Kong-Bangkok HF, one 75-baud ARQ channel

Hong Kong-Tokyo Cable, one 75-baud channel

Peking-Hanoi Cable, one 50-baud channel

Peking-Pyongyang Cable, one 50-baud channel

Khabarovsk-Pyongyang Cable, one 50-baud channel

4. Inter-regional circuits

Baghdad-Cairo

Jeddah-Cairo

Sanaa-Cairo

Tehran-Moscow

Bangkok-Kuala Lampur

New Delhi-Melbourne

Novosibirsk-Moscow

Khabarovsk-Moscow

Tashkent-Moscow

Tokyo-Honolulu

Microwave, one 50-baud channel

Satellite, one 75-baud channel

Cable, 1200 bits/sec data FAX channel with EDC (hardware)

Cable, 1200 bits/sec data/FAX channel with EDC (hardware)

Cable, 1200 bits/sec data/FAX channel with EDC (hardware)

Cable, one 75-baud channel

73

Future plan (Year of implementation)

Cable, one 75-baud channel (1975/1976)

To be upgraded in accord­ance with bilateral agreement

To be upgraded in accord­ance with bilateral agreement

HF, or satellite, one 50-baud channel

HF, 50 bauds

HF, 50 bauds

HF, one 50-baud channel (1976)

75 bauds, if required

To be considered in due course

74 ANNEX I

Circuit Present operational status Future plan (Year of implementation)

Tokyo-Manila Cable, one 75-baud channel

RTH radio broadcasts

RTH Present operational status Future plan --. (Year of implementation)

Bangkok One RTT/one FAX

Khabarovsk One RTT/one FAX

New Delhi One RTT/one FAX

Novosibirsk One RTT/one FAX

Peking One RTT One FAX (1977)

Tashkent One RTT/two FAX

Tehran One RTT (1976/one FAX

Tokyo Two RTT/two FAX

Jeddah One RTT One FAX (1977)

ANN E X II

Annex to Resolution 1 (VI-RA II)

REGIONAL BASIC SYNOPTIC NETWORK

Pa~t A

STATIONS AND OBSERVATIONAL PROGRAMMES COMPRISING THE BASIC

SYNOPTIC NETWORK IN REGION II (ASIA)

1. All surface stations in the regional basic synoptic network should make surface observations at the four main standard times of observation, ioe o 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 GMT, and at the four intermediate standard times of observa­tion, i.e o 0300, 0900, 1500 and 2100 GMT. Any station that cannot carry out the full programme should give priority to the carrying out of the observations at the main standard times o .

2. All radiowind stations of the regional basic synoptic network should attempt to make and disseminate upper-wind observations up to 10 mb at 0000 and 1200 GMT o These observations should regularly* reach at least the 30 mb level.

3 0 Radiowind stations in the areas affected by tropical cyclones should, during the cyclone season, also attempt to make and disseminate upper-wind observations up to 10 mb at 0600 and 1800 GMT. These observations should regularly* reach at least the 70 mb level. The carrying out of radiowind observations at 0000 and 1200 GMT should receive priority over radiowind observations at 0600 and 1800 GMT.

40 All radiosonde stations of the regional basic synoptic network should make and disseminate observations of pressure, temperature, and humidity up to 10 mb at 0000 and 1200 GMT o These observations should regularly* reach at least the 30 mb levelo

* The word "regularly" means that the levels indicated should be reached with a frequency of at least 90 per cent of the ascents.

* * *

76 ANNEX II

STATIONS AND OBSERVATIONAL PROGRAMMES COMPRISING THE BASIC SYNOPTIC NETWORK

IN WMO REGION II - ASIA

1) Station 2) Surface 3) Radiowind 4) Radiosonde

1 2 3

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18

20046 PQt..AR GM.G· 1M .• It.T • X X X X X X X X X X X X KRENKELJA (OSTROV HEJSA)

069 OSTROV VIlE X X X X X X X X X X X X

087 OSTROV GOLOMJANNYJ X X X X X X X X

274 OSTROV UEDINENIJA X X X X X X X X X X. X X

292 MYS CELJUSKIN X X X X X X X X X X X X

353 MYS ZELANIJA X X X X X X X X X. X X X

357 RUSSKAJA GAVAW X X X X X X X X

667 STANC1JA IM. M.V. X X X X X X X X POP OVA

674 aSTROV DIKSON X X X- X X X X' X X X X X

744 MALYE KARMAKULY X X X X X: X X X X X X X

891 HATANGA X X X X X X X- X X X X X

21358 OSTROV ZOHOVA X X X X X X X X. X X X X

432 OSTROY KOTEL t. NY J X X X X X X X X X X X X

504 OSTROV PREOBRAZENIJA X X X X X X X X X X X X

647 MYS SALAUROVA X X X X X X X X X X X X

802 SASKYLAH X X X X X X X X

4

00 12

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X'

X X

X X

X X

X X

1

21824 TIKSI

921 KJUSJUR

931 KAZAC'E

946 COKURDAH

965 OSTROV CETYREH­STQBOVOJ

982 OSTROV VRANGELJA

23022 AMDERMA

032 MARE-SALE

074 DUDINKA

146 MY,S KAMENNYJ

205 NAR'JAN-MAR

219 HOSEDA-HARD

256 TAZOVSKOE

274 IGARKA

330 SALEHARD

331 RA-IZ

383 AGATA

405 UST'-CIL'MA

412 UST'-USA

418 PECORA

426 MUZI

472 TURUHANSK

ANNEX II 77

2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X' X X X X X 'X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X, X X ·X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X·X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

78 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

23527 SARAN-PAUL' X X X X X X X X

552 TARKO~SALE X X X X X X X X .X X X X X X

625 SOS'VINSKAJA X X X X X X X X KUL'TBAZA

631 BEREZOV X X X X X X X X

678 VERHNE~IMBATSKOE X X X X X X X X

71]; TROICKO~PECERSKOE X X X X X X X X

724 NJAKSIMVOL' X X X X X X X X

734 OKTJAI3R'SKOE X X X X X X X X

803 UST'-KULOM X X X X X X X X

804 SYKTYVKAR X X X X X X X X X X X ·X X X

849 SUR GUT X X X X X X X X

884 PODKAMENNAJA X X X X )( X X X X X X X X X TUNGUSKA

891 BAJKIT X X X X X X X X

909 GAJNY X X X X X X X X

914 CERDYN' X X X X X X X X

921 IVOEL' X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

933 HANTY-MANSIJSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

955 ALEKSANDROVSKOE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

966 VANZIL' -KYNAK X X X X X X X X

973 VOROGOVO X X X X X X X X

975 SYM-FAKTORIJA X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 79

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

23987 JARCEVO X X X X X X X X

24105 ESSEJ X X X X X X X X

125 QENEK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

143 DZARDZAN X X X X X X X X

266 VERHOJANSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

329 SELAGONCY' X X X X X X X X

343 ZIGANSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

382 UST' -M<X'1A X X X X X X X X

507 TURA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

561 SJUREN-KJUEL ' X X X X X X X X

629 SJUL'DJUKAR X X X X X X X X

639 NJURBA X X X X X X X X

641 VILJUJSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

652 SANGARY X X X X X X X X

656 BATAMAJ X X X X X X X X

671 TOMPO X X X X X X X X

688 OJMJAKON X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

724 <JiERNISHEVSKII X X X X X X X X

738 SUNTAR X X X X X X X X

768 CURAPCA X X X X X X X X

817 ERBOGACEN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

908 VANAVARA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

80

24923 LENSK

944 QEKMINSK

951 ISlT'

959 JAKUTSK

962 AMGA

966 UST'-MAJAo

988 ARKA

25123 CERSKIJ

173 MYS SMIDIA

248 ILIRNEJ

399 MYS UZLEN

400 ZYRJANKA

551 MARKOVO

563 ANADYR'

1

594 BUHTA PROVIDENJA

621 KEDON

677 BUHTA UGQ'NAJA

703 SEJMCAN

821 NAJAHAN

913 NAGAEVO

954 KORF

956 APUKA

ANNEX II

2

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

XXX XX X XX

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X 0 X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

3

00 06 12 18

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X-

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

4

00 12

X X

X X

X X

X X

XX

X X

XX

X X

X X

XX

X X

X X

ANNEX II 81

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

28009 KIRSA X X X X X X X X

044 SEROV X X X X X X X X

049 GARI X X X X X X X X

064 LEUSI X X X X X X X X

076 DEM'JANSKOE X X X X X X X X

116 KUDYMKAR X X X X X X X X

131 KIZEL X X X X X X X X

144 VERHOTUK'E X X X X X X X X

214 GLAZOV X X X X X X X X

225 PERM X X X X X X X X

240 NIZHNYJ TAGIL X X X X X X X X

255 TURINSK X X X X X X X X

275 TOBQ'SK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

319 NOZOVKA X X X X X X X X

334 SAMARY X X X X X X X X

367 TJUMEN' X X X X X X X X

382 UST'-ISIM X X X X X X X X

411 IZEVSK X X X X X X X X

419 JANAUL X X X X X X X X

434 KRASNOUFIMSK X X X X X X X X

440 SVERDLOVSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

469 VAGAJ X X X X X X X X

82 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 '15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

28481 V1KULOVO X X X' X X X X X

491 BOL'S1E-UK1 X X X X X X X X

493 TARA X X X X X X X X

506 ELABUGA X X X X X X X X

552 SADR1NSK X X X X X X X X

573 IS1M X X X X X X X X

593 BOL'SEREC'E X X X X X' X X X

598 POSELKOVO-SARGATSKOE X X X X X X X X

621 B1RSK X X X X X X X X

637 KROPACEVO X X X X X X X X

661 KURGAN X X X X X X X X

666 MAKUSINO X X X X X X X X

679 PETROPAVLOVSK X X X X X X X X

698 OMSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

711 BUGUL'MA X X X X X X X X

722 UFA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

748 TR01CK X X X X X X X X

766 BLAGOVESCENSKOE X X X X X X X X

786 POLTAVKA X X X X X X X X

797 ODESSKOE X X X X X X X X

799 CERLAK X X X X X X X X

825 STERLITAMAK X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 83

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

28838 MAGNITOGOSI( X X X X X X X X

867 URICK X X X X X X X X

877 VOLODARSKOE X X X X X X X X

879 KOKCETAV X X X X X X X X

900 KUJBYSEV (BEZENCUK) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

952 KUSTANAJ· X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

29023 NAPAS X X X X X X X X

111 SREDNY VASJUGAN X X X X X X X X

122 KARGASOK X X X X X X X X

209 MAJSK X X X X X X X X

231 KCl...PASEV X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

253 LOSINOBORSK X X X X X X X X

263 ENISEJSK X X X X X X X X

282 BOGUCANY X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

313 PUDINO X X X X X X X X

328 BOKCAR X X X X X X X X

348 PERVOMAJSKOE X X X X X X X X

356 CINDAT X X X X X X X X

367 BIRILJUSSY X X X X X X X X

405 KYSTOVKA X X X X X X X X

418 SEVERNOE X X X X X X X X

430 TOMSK X X X X X X X X

84 ANNEX Il

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

29471 aQ'SAJA MURTA X X X X X X X X

481 DZERZINSKOE X X X X X X X X

524 KRESCENKA X X X X X X X X

534 PIHTOVKA X X X X X X X X

551 MARIINSK X X X X X X X X

553 BOGOTOL X X X X X X X X

562 KEMCUG X X X X X X X X

574 KRASNOJARSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

581 KANSI< X X X 'X X X X X

583 KLJUCI X X X X X K X X

594 TAJSET X X X X X X X X

602 CANY X X X X X X X X

605 TATARSK X X X X X X X X

612 BARABINSK X X X 'X X X X X X X X X X X

634 NOVOSIBIRSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

636 TOGUCIN X 'X X X X X X X

653 UZUR X X X X X X X X

654 CENTRAL'NYJ RUDNIK X X X X X X X X

675 KCl..BA X X X X X X X X

676 AGINSKOE X X X X X X X X

698 NIZNE-UDINSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

706 KUPINO X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 85

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

29712 ZDVINSK X X X X X X X X

724 KOCKI X X X X X X X X

726 ORDYNSKOE X X X X X X X X

736 MASLJANINO X X X X X X X X

742 KOL'CUGINO X X X X X X X X

759 KOMMUNAR . X X X X X X X X

766 IDRINSKOE X X X X X X X X

807 IRTYSSK X X X X X X X X

814 KARASUK X X X X X X X X

827 BAEVO X X X X X X X X

838 BARNAUL X X X X X X X X

864 UYBAT X X X X X X X X

865 ABAKAN X X X X X X X X

869 ERMAKOVSKOE X X X X X X X X

923 REBRIHA X X X X X X X X

937 ALEJSKAJA X X X X X X X X

939 BIJSK ZONAL'NAJA X X X X X X X X

956 TASTYP X X X X X X X X

30054 VITIM X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

102 KEZMA X X X X X X X X

136 ICERA X X X X X X X X

230 KIRENSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

86 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

30309 BRATSK X X X X X X X X

337 KAZACHENGKOYE X X X X X X X X

364 MUJA X X X X X X X X

372 CARA X X X X X X X X

385 UST' -NJUKZA X X X X X X X X

393 CUL'MAN X X X X X X X X

405 TANGUJ X X X X X X X X

433 NIZNEANGARSK X X X X X X X X

455 UAKIT X X X X X X X X

469 KAlAKAN X X X X X X X X

493 NAGORNYJ X X X X X X X X

499 TYNDA X X X X X X X X

504 TULUN X X X X X X X X

514 UST-UDA X X X X X X X X

521 ZIGAlOVO X X X X X X X X

542 TASSA X X X X X X X X

549 KARAFTIT X X X X X X X X

554 BOGDARIN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

597 URUSA X X X X X X X X

603 ZIMA X X X X X X X X

612 BALAGANSK X X X X X X X X

622 KACUG X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 87

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

30627 BAJANDAJ X X X X X X X X

635 UST-BARGUZIN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

650 ROMANOVKA X X X X X X X X

664 TUNGOKOCEN X X X X X X X X

669 ZILOVO X X X X X X X X

673 MOGOCA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

692 SKOVORODINO X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

695 OZALINDA X X X X X X X X

703 INGA X X X X X X X X

710 IRI(UTSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

731 GORJACINSK X X X X X X X X

739 HORINSK X X X X X X X X

741 ZAMOKTA X X X X X X X X

745 SOSNOVO-OZERSK X X X X X X X X

758 CITA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

764 USUGLI X X X X X X X X

781 URJUPINO X X X X X X X X

802 MONDY X X X X X X X X

823 ULAN-UDE X X X X X X X X

829 NOVO-SELENGINSK X X X X X X X X

838 PETROVSKIJ ZAVOD X X X X X X X X

844 HILOK X X X X X X X X

88 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

30846 ULETY X X X X X X X X

859 AGINSKOE -X X X ·X X X X X

862 SILKA X X X X X X X X

879 NERCINSKIJ lAVOD X X X X X X X X

925 KJAHTA X X X X X X X X

935 KRASNYJ CIKOJ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

949 KYRA X X X X 'X X X X

957 AKSA X X X X X X X X

965 BORlJA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

967 SOLOV'EVSK ·X X X X X X X X

975 PRIARGUNSK X X X X X X X X

31004 ALDAN X X X X X X X X X X X X X .X

088 OHOTSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

137 TOKO X X X X X X X X

168 AJAN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

253 BOMNAK X X X X X X X X

257 DAMBUKI X X X X X X X X

295 MAGDAGACI X X X X X X X X

300 lEJA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

329 EKIMCAN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

338 SELEMDZA X X X X X X X X

348 BURUKAN X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 89

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

31369 N1KOlAEVSK-NA-AMURE X X X X X X· X X X X X X X X

371 CERNJAEVO X X X X X X X X

384 GAR' X X X X X X X X

388 NORSK1J SKLAD X X X X X X X X

416 1M POLINY OS1PENKO X )( X X X X X X

418 VESELAJA GORKA X X X X X X X X

421 GUGA X X X X X X X X

439 BOGORODSKOE X X X X X X X X

442 SIMANOVSKAJA X X X X X X X X

445 SVOBODNYJ X X X X X X X X

459 VERHNJAJA TOM' X X X X X X X X

474 UST'-UMAL'TA X X X X X X X X

478 SOFIJSKIJ PRIISK X X X X X X X X

482 DUKI X X X X X X X X

484 HULARIN X X X X X X X X

504 SUHANOVKA X X X X X X X X

510 BLAGOVESCENSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

521 BRATOLJUBOVKA X X X X X X X X

527 ZAVITAJA X X X X X X X X

532 CEKUNDA X X X X X X X X

534 SEKTAGLI X X X X X X X X

538 SUTUR X X X X X X X X

90 ANNEX II

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

31587 POJARKOVO X X X X X X X X

594 ARHARA X X X X X X X X

632 KUR X X X X X X X X

655 TROICKOE X X X X X X X X

702 OBLUG'E X X X X X X X X

704 POMNEEVKA X X- X X X X X X

707 EKATERINO~NIKOL'SKOE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

713 BIROBIDZAN X X x: X X X X X

725 SMIDOVIC X X X X X X X X

735 HABAROVSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X - X

754 TIVJAKU X' X X X X X X X

801 GVASJUGI X X:. X· X X' X X X

823 GROSSEVICI X X. X X X X X X

825 AGZU X' X X X- X X X X

829 MYS ZOLOTOJ X X X X X X X X

845 KRASNY') JAR X X X X X X X X

866 SOSUNOVQ; X X X X X X X X

873 OAL'NERECENSK X X X X X X X X X .x X X X X

878 KIROVSKIJ X X X X X X X X

883 VOSTRECOVO X' X X X X X X X

909 TERNEJ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

915 POGRANICNYJ X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 91

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

31917 PQTAVKA X X X X X X X X

921 ASTRAHANKA X X X X X X X X

942 ZURAVLEVKA X X X X X X X X

959 RUDNAJA PRISTAN' X X X X X X X X

960 VLADIVOSTOK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

969 pos'n X X X X X X X X

981 ANUCINO X X X X X X X X

987 PARTIZANSK X X X X X X X X

989 PREOBRAZENIE X X X X X X X X

993 FURMANOVO X X X X X X X X

32027 POGIBI X X X X X X X X

053 NOGLIKI X X X X X X X X

061 ALEKSANDROVSK-SAHALINSKIJ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

069 PIL'VO X X X X X X X X

076 ·POGRANICNOE X X X X X X X X

098 PORONAJSK X X X X X X X X

150 JUZNO-SAHALINSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

165 JUZNO-KURIL'SK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

186 URUP X X X X X X

195 SIMUSIR X X X X X X X X

217 MYS VASIL'EVA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

389 KLJUCI X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

92 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

0003 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

32408 UST'-KAMCATSK X X X X X X X X

411 ICA X X X X X X X X

509 SEMLJACIKI X X X X X X X X

540 PETROPAVLOVSK-KAMCATSKIJ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

564 OKTIABR t SKAYA X X X X X X X X

594 OZERNAJA X X X X X 'X X X

618 NIKa..'SKOE (aSTROV X X· X X X X X X X X X X X X BERINGA)

026 ZILAIR X X X X X X X X

037 AKtJAR X X X X X X X X

067 [SIt. ~ X X X X X X X X

078 ATBASAR X X X X X X X X

085 ALEKSEEVSKOE: X X X X X X X X

108 URAL'SK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

121 ORENBURG X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

133 AIJAMOVKA X X X X X X X X

166 KAZGORODOK X X X X X X X X

188 CELINOGRAD X X X X X X X X

217 DZAMBEJTY X X X X X X X X

229 AKTJUBINSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

358 TURGAJ X X X X X X X X

361 AMANGEL'DY X X X X X X X X

376 BERLIK X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 93

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

35394 KARAGANDA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

406 KALMYKOVO X X X X X X X X

416 UIL X X X X X X X X

426 TEMIR-GOROD X X X X X X X X

497 ZARYK X X X X X X X X

529 KOZASAJ X X X X X X X X

542 IRGIZ X X X X X X X X

576 KZYL-ZAR X X X X X X X X

633 CELKAR X X X X X X X X

663 KARSAKPAJ X X X X X X X X

671 DZEZKAZGAN X X X X X X X )'(

700 GUR'~V X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

707 ZABURUN'E X X X X X X X X

715 KULSARY X X X X X X X X

746 ARAL'SKOE MORE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

791 MOINTY X X X X X X X X

796 BALHAS X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

849 KAZALINSK X X X X X X X X

925 SAM X X X X X X X X

953 DZUSALY X X X X X X X X

36003 PAVLODAR X X X X X X X X

021 KLJUCI X X X X X X X X

94 ANNEX. II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

36022 VCl.CIHA X X X X X X X X

034 RUBCOVSK X X X X X X X X

038 ZMEINOGORSK X X X X X X X X

058 CEMAL X X X X X X X X

061 TUROCAK X X X X X X X X

152 SEMIJARKA X X X X X X X X

177 SEMIPALATINSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

186 SEMONAHIA X X X X X X X X

208 LENINOGORSK X X X X X X X X

428 BCl.'SOE NARYMSKOE X X X X X X X X

498 .ElARSHATAK X X X X X X X X

535 KOKPEKTY X X X X X X X X

639 URDZAR X X X X X X X X

665 ZAJSAN X X X X X X X X

729 UC-ARAL X X X X X X X X

859 PANFILOV X X X X X X X X

870 ALMA-ATA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

911 TOKMAK X X X X X .x X X

982 TJAN-SAN' X X X X X X X X

38001 FORT SEVCENKO' X X X X X X X X

044- UJALY X X X X X X X X

049 CIRIK-RABAT X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 95

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

38062 KZYL-ORDA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

081 TASTY X X X X X X )( X

143 MYS TIGROVYI X X X X X X X X

149 KUNGRAD X X X X X X X X

178 AK-BAJTAL X X X X X X X X

198 TURKESTAN' X X X X X X X X

203 UJUK X X X X X X X X

232 AK-KUDUK X X X X X X X v "

262 CIMBAJ X X X X X X X X

264 NUKUS X X X X X X X X

341 DZAMBUL X X X X X X X X

345 TALAS X X X X X X X X

353 FRUNZE X X X X X X X X

388 EKIDZE X X X X X X .X X

392 TASAUZ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

396 URGENC X X X X X X X X

403 BUZAUBA,) X X X X X X X X

408 LEBAP X X X X X X X X

413 TAMDY X X X X X X X X

439 CARDARA X X X X X X X X

457 TASKENT X X X X. X X X X X X X X X X

462 PSKEM X X X X X X X X

96 ANNEX II

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

38473. TOKTOGUL X X X X X X X X

50? KRASNOVODSK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

545 DARGAN-ATA X X X X X X X X

565 NURATA X X X X X X X X

579 DZIZAK X X X X X X X X

583 SYR-DAR'JA X X X X X X X X

599 LENINABAD X X X X X X X X

609 ISFARA X X X X X X X X

611 NAMANGAN X X X X X X X X

613 DZALAL-ABAD X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

615 OS X X X X X X X X

618 FERGANA X X X X X X X X

647 KAZANDZIK X X X X X X X X

656 ERBENT X X X- X X X X X

683 BUHARA X X X X X X X X

687 CARDZOU X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

696 SAMARKAND X X X X X X X X

713 URA-TJUBE X X X X X X X X

750 GASAN-KULI X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

763 KIZYL-ARVAT X X X X X X X X

774 BAKHARDOK X X X X X X X X

799 UC-ADZI X X X X X X X X

1

38806 BURDALYK

812 KARSI

836 DUSANBE

880 ASHABAD

886 TEDZEN

895 BAJRAM-ALI

911 KERKI

915 CARSANGU

927 T~RMEZ

933 KURGAN-TJUBE

943 KULJAB

947 PIANDJ

9~4 HOROG

974 SERAHS

987 KUSKA

40356 TURAIF

357 BADANA-AR-AR

361 AL-JOUF

362 RAFHA

ANNEX II

2

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

97

3 4

00 06 12 18 00 12

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

98

1

40373 GAISOMAH

375 TABOUK

394 HAIL

400 EL-WEJH

405 GASSIM

416 DHAHRAN

430 MEDINA

435 DAWADMI (APPROX. 2430N, 44 24E)

438 RIYADH

439 YENBO

450 MUWAIH (APPROX. 22 43N, 41 37E)

477 JEDDAH

480 TAIF

495 SULAYIL

498 BISHA

569 KHAMIS MUSHAIT

570 NAJRAN

572 GIZAN

APPROX. 21 OON, 55 OOE

ANNEX II

2

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X' X X X X X

x' X x' X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X' X X X X X X

X X X- X' X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

3 4

00 06 12 18 00 12

X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X

X X X X X' X

X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X x X

X X X X X X

1

40366 ABDALY

372 KUvJAIT INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

377 AL-ABRAq!AL SHAGAYAH

378 BUBIYAN

382 AL-NWAISEEB

40427 BAHRAIN MUHARRAQ

40428 DOHA

40445 ABU DHABI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

448 DUBAI

449 SHARJAH

ANNEX II

2

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

99

3 4

00 06 12 18 00 12

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

100 ANNEX II

1 2. 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 15 18 00 12

40462 SEEB, INTERNATIONAL X X X X X X X X AIRPORT

564 MASIRAH X X X X X X X X

564 MASIRAH X X X X X X

575 SALALAH X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

40573 SA 'ADA-. X X X X X X x: X

576 SANA'I\ X X X X X X X X

577 MARIS X X X X X X X X

5,78 HG>DE1.DAH X X X X X X X. X

5:79 MOKHA X X X X- X X X X.

580; "Kh\IZ X X X X X X X' X

40582' THAMUD x: X X X X X X x:

583' 6lf!URAF X X. X X X x: X X

58'4 AIL-GrlEIDA. X X X X X X )( X

ANNEX II 101

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

40585 ATAQ X X X X X X X X

586 RIYAN X X X X X X X X 'X X X X X X

, 588 KAMARAN X X X X X X X X

597 ADEN KHORMAKSAR X X X X X X X X XX X X X X

599 SOCOTRA X X X X X X X X

",

40608 MOSUL X X X X -X X X X X X X X 'X X

621 KIRKUK X X X X X X X X

634 HADITHA X X X X X X X X

637 KHANAQIN X X X X X X X X

642 RUT BAH X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

650 BAGHDAD X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

658 NUKHAIB X X X X X X X X

"

665 KUT-AL-HAI X X X X X X X X

672 DIWANIYA X X X X X X X X

676 NASIRIYA X X ,X X X X X X

684 AL-SALMAN (APPROX. X X X X X X X X 30 28N, 44 43E)

686 BUSAIYA (APPROX. X X X X X X X X 30 02N, 4609E)

689 BASRAH X X X X X X X X X X X X

102 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

40703 KHOY X X X X X X X X

706 TABRIZ X X X X X X X X X X X X

712 REZAIYEH X X X X X X X X

718 PAHLAVI X X X X X X X X

727 SAGHEZ X X X X X X X X

732 RAMSAR X X X X X X X X

736 BABULSAR X X X X X X X X

739 SHAHRUD X X X X X X X X

743 SABZEVAR X X X X X X X X

745 MASHHAD X X X X X X X X X X X X XX

747 SANANDAJ X X X X X X X X

754 TEHRAN-MEHRABAD X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

757 SEMNAN X X X X X X X X

762 TORBAT-HEYDARIEH X X X X X X X X

766 KERMANSHAH X. X- X X X X X X X X X X X X

767 HAMADAN X X X X X X X X

769 ARAK X X X X X X X X

785 KASHAN X X X X X X X X

791 TABAS X X X X X X X X

795 DEZFUL X X X X X X X X

800 ESFAHAN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

809 BIRJAND X X X X X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 103

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

811 AHWAZ X X X X X X X X

821 YAZD X X X X X X X X

829 ZABQ X X X X X X X X

831 ABADAN X X X X X X X X

841 KERMAN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

848 SHIRAZ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

854 BAM X X X X X X X X

856 ZAHEDAN X X X X X X X X

858 BUSHEHR X X X X X X )( X

859 FASA X X X X X X X X

875 BANDAR ABBAS X X X X X X X X

879 . IRANSHAHR' X X X X X X X X

883 BANDAR LENGEH X X X X X X X X

893 JASK X X X X X X X X

898 CHAHBAHAR X X X X X X X X

104 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

40904 FAIZABAD X X X X X X X X

911 MAZARI SHARJF X X X X X X X X X X X X

913 KUNDUZ X X X X X X X X

918 ISKACHEM X X X X X X X X

922 NAIMANA X X X X X X X X

930 NORTH-SALANG X X X X X X X X

938 HERAT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

940 OBE X X X X X X X X

942 CHAKHCHARAN X X X X X X X X

945 BAMYAN X X X X X X X X

948 KABUL-AIRPORT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

954 JALALABAD X X X X X X X X

966 NAWORjOKAK X X X X X X X X

968 GHAZNI X X X X X X X X

974 FARAH X X X X X X X X

976 KADJAKAI X X X X X X X X

979 KALAT X X X X X X X X

986 ZARANJ X X X X X X X X

988 BUST X X X X X X X X

990 KANDAHAR-AIRPORT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

1

41350 GAN

350 GAN

41515 DROSH

530 PESHAWAR

560 PARACHINAR

571 ISLAMABAD AIRPORT

594 SARGODHA

598 JHELUM

620 FORT SANDE MAN

624 DERA ISMAIL KHAN

640 LAHORE CITY

660 QUETTA AIRPORT

661 QUETTA BREWERY

675 MULTAN

685 BAR KHAN

710 NOKKUNDI

712 DAL BAND IN

715 JACOBABAD

ANNEX II

2

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

105

3 4

00 06 12 18 00 12

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X-

X X X X X X

X X X X

106 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

41718 KHAN PUR X X X X X X X X

739 PANJGUR X X X X X X X X

744 KHUZDAR X X X X X X X X

749 NAWABSHAH X X X X X X X X

756 JIWANI X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

765 HYDERABAD· X X X X X X X X

768 CHHOR X X X X X X X X

780 KARACHI AIRPORT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

41852 RANGPUR X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

855 ISHURDI X X X X X X X X

858 BOGRA X X X X X X X X

900 SYLHET X X X X X X X X

915 JESSORE X X X X X X X X

917 DACCA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

940 CHITTAGONG . ., .. . X X X X X X

941 'CHITT AGONG/PATENGA X X X X X X X X

950 COX·S BAZAR X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 107

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

42027 SRINAGAR X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

071 AMRITSAR X X X X X X X X

080 BILASPUR X X X X X X X X

101 PATIALA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

131 HISSAR X X X X X X X X

165 BIKANER X X X X X X X X

182 NEW DELHI!SAFDARJUNG X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

189 BAREILLY X X X X X X X X

260 AGRA X X X X X X X X

309 NORT'H LAKHIMPUR X X X X X X X X

314 DIBRUGARH/MOHANBARI X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

328 JAISALMER X X X X X X X X

339 JODHPUR X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

348 JAIPUR/SANGANER X X X X X X X X

361 GWALIOR X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

369 LUCKNOW/AMAUSI X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

379 GORAKHPUR X X X X X X X X

398 SILIGURI BAGHDOGRA X X X X X X X X X X X X

410 GAUHATI X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

415 TEZPUR X X X X X X X X

452 KOTA AIRPORT X X X X X X X X

108 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

42475 ALLAHABADjBAMHRAULI X X X X X X X X

492 PATNA X X X X X X X X

559 GUNA X X X X X X X X

571 SATNA X X X X X X X X

591 GAYA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

623 IMPHAL TULIHAL X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

634 BHUJ-RUDRAMATA X X X X X X X X

647 AHMADABAD X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

667 BHOPALjBAIRAGARH X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

675 JABALPUR X X X X X X X X

701 RANCHI X X X X X X X X

704 PANAGARH X X X X X X X X

724 AGARTALA X X X X X X X X

737 RAJKOT X X X X X X X X

754 INDORE X X X X X X X X

779 PENDRA X X X X X X X X

798 JAMSHEDPUR X X X X X X X X

809 CALCUTTA/DUM DUM X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

840 SURAT X X X X X X X X

867 NAGPL:JR S:ONEGAON X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

875 RAIPUR X X X X X X X X

886 JHARSUGUDA X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 109

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

42895 BALAS OR E X X X X X X X X

909 VERAVAL X X X X X X X X

934 AKCl..A X X X X X X X X

971 BHUBANESWAR X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

977 SANDHEADS X X X X X X X X

43003 BOMBAY/SANTACRUZ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

014 AURANGABAD CHIKALTHAN X X X X X X X X X X X X AERODROME

041 JAGDALPUR X X X X X X X X

063 POONA X X X X X X X X

086 RAMGUNDAM X X X X X X X X

110 RATNAGIRI X X X X X X X X

117 SHCl..APUR X X X X X X X X

128 HYDERABAD/BEGUMPT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

149 VISHAKHAPATNAM X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

181 VIJAYAWADA/GANNAVARAM X X X X

185 MASULIPATNAM X X X X X X X X

189 KAKTNADA X X X X X X X X

192 GOA/PANJIM X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

198 BELGAUM/SAMRA X X X X X X X X

201 GADAG X X X X X X X X

213 KURNOCl.. X X X X X X X X

233 CHITRADURGA X X X X X X X X

110 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

43237 ANANTAPUR X X X X X X X X

245 NELLORE X X X X X X X X

279 MADRASjMINANBAKKAM X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

284 MANGALORE/BAJPE X X X X X X X X

285 MANGALORE/PANAMBUR X X X X X X

295 - BANGALORE- X X X X X X X X

314 _ KOZ:HIKODE X X X X X X X X

321 . COn1BATORE/PE[LAMEDU X X. X X X X X X

329 . CUDDALORE X X X X X X X X

·333 PORT BbAIR X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

-344 -TIRtICHCHIRAPPALLI X 'X X X X X X X

353 'COOHIN!HILLINGDON X X X X X X X X

<368 CAR'· Nl0.oSAR X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

'·369- 'MINICOY X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

·371 .TR IVANEIRUM X X X X .X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X x X X X X X

ANNEX II III

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

43400 KANKESANTURAI X X X X X X X X

418 TRINCOMALEE X X X X X X X X

424 PUTTALAM X X X X X X X X

436 BATTICALDA X X X X X X X X

450 NEGOMBO X X X X X X X X

466 COLOMBO X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

467 RATMALANA X X X X X X X X

473 NUWARA ELIYA X X X X X X X X

497 HAMBANTOTA X X X X X X X X

44207 HAT GAL X X X X X X X X

212 ULANGOM X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

214 ULGI X X X X X X X X

218 HOVDO X X X X X X· X X

231 MUREN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

232 HUTAG X X X X X X X X

239 BULGAN X X X X X X X X

241 BARUNHARA X X X X X X X X

259 CHOIBALSAN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

272 ULIASTAI X X X X X X X X

112 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

44277 ALTAI X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

282 TSETSERLEG X X X X X X X X

284 GALUT X X X X X X X X

285 HUZHIRT X X X X X X X X

287 BAIANHONGOR X X X X X X X X

288 ARBAIHER X X X X X X X X

292 ULAN-BATOR X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

294 MANIT X X X X X X X X

298 CHOIR X X X X X X X X

304 UNDERHAN X X X X X X X X

305 BARUM ... URT X X X X X X X X

314 MATAD X X X X X X X X

341 'MANDALGOVl X X X X X ·x X X

347 TSOGT-OVO X X X X X X X X

352 BAJNDELGER X 'X X X X X X X

354 SAINSHAND X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

358 ZftlMTIN :UDE X X X X X X X X

373 DALANZADGAD 'X X X X X X . :X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 113

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

44424 JUMLA X X X X X X X X

438 BHAIRAWA X X X X X X X X

454 KATHMANDU X X X X X X X X

461 NA~ICHE~SYANGBOCHE X X X X X X X X

478 BIRATNAGAR X X X X X X X X

45004 KING'S PARK. X X X X X X

005 ROYAL OBSERVATORY X X X X X X X X

47105 KANGNUNG X X X X X X X X

108 SEOUL .X X X X X X X X

115 ULLUNGDO X X X X X X X X

122 OSAN AB X X X X X X

135 CHUPUNGNYONG X X X X X X X X

138 POHANG X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

159 PUSAN X X X X X X X X

165 MOI(PO X X X X X X X X

184 CHEJU X X X X X X X X

187 MOSULPO AB X X X X X X

114 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

47401 WAKKANAI X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

407 ASAHIKAWA X X X X X X X X

409 ABASHIRI X X X X X X X X

412 SAPPORO X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

418 KUSHIRO X X X X X X X X

420 NEMURO X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

421 SUTTSU X X X X X X X X

426 URAKAWA X X X X X X X X

430 HAKODATE X X X X X X X X

575 AOMGlU X X X X X X X X

582 AKITA X 'X X X X X X X X X X :X X X

585 MIYAKO X X X X X X X X

590 SEND"AI X X X X X X X X X X :X X X X

59·8 ONAHAMA X X X X X X X X

600 WAJIMA X ,x X X .X X X X x· X ·x X X X

6,02 AIKAWA X X X X X X X X

605 KANAZAWA X X X .X ~X X X X

618 MATSUMOTO X X 'X X X X X X

624 MAEBASHI X X X X X X X X

63;6 NAGOYA X X X X X X X X

646 TATENO X X X X X X

648 CHOSHI X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 115

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

47655 OMAEZAKI X X X X X X X X

662 TOKYO X X X X X X X X

663 OWASE X X X X X X X X

675 OSHIMA X X X X X X X X

678 HACHIJOJIMA X X X X X X X X

678 HACHIJOJIMAjOMURE X X X X X X

740 SAIGO X X X X X X X X

741 MATSUE X X X X X X X X

744 YONAGO X X X X X X

750 MAIZURU X X X X X X X X

755 . HAMADA X X X X X X X X

772 OSAKA X X X X X X 'X X

778 SHIONOMISAKI X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

800 IZUHARA X X X X X X X X

807 FUKUOKA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

815 OHA X X X X X X X X

817 NAGASAKI X X X X X X X X

827 KAGOSHIMA X X X X X X X X

827 KAGOSHIMA/YOSHINO X X X X X X

47830 MIYAZAKI X X X X X X X X

837 TANEGASHIMA X X X X X X X X

843 FUKUE X X X X X X X X

116 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

47887 MATSUYAMA X X X X X X X X

891 TAKAMATSU X X X X X X X X

898 SHIMIZUjASHIZURI X X X X X X X X

899 MUROTOMISAKI X X X X .X X X X

909 NAZE X X X X X X X X

909 NAZEjFUNCHATOGE X X X X X X

918 ISHIGAKIJIMA X X X X X X X X X X X X X" X

927 MIYAKOdIMA X X X X X X X X

936 NAHA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

945 MINAMIDAlTOJIMA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

971 CHICHIJIMA .x X X X X X X X X X .x X X X

991 MINAMlTORISHIMA X X X X X X X X X X X X X. X

48001" PUTAO X X X X X ·X X X

'008 MYITKYINA X X X X X X X X X X X X

018 KATHA X X X X X X X X

019 BHAMO X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 117

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

48025 KALEWA X X X X X X X X

031 FALAM X X X X X X X X

033 SHWEBO X X X X X X X X

035 LASHIO X X X X X X X X

042 MANDALAY X X X X X X X X

045 MINDAT X X X X X X X X

046 PAKOKKU X X X X X X X X

053 MEIKTILA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

057 TAUNGGYI X X X X X X X X

060 KENGTUNG X X X X X X X X X X X X

062 AKYAB X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

064 MINBU X X X X X X X X

067 YAMETHIN X X X X X X X X

071 KYAUKPYU X X X X X X X X

074 PYINMANA X X X X X X X X

075 LOIKAW X X X X X X X X

077 PROME X X X X X X X X

078 TOUNGOO X X X X X X X X

080 SANDOWAY X X X X X X X X X X X X

088 THARRAWADDY X X X X X X X X

094 BASSEIN X X X X X X X X

095 MAUBIN X X X X X X X X

118 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

48096 MINGALADON X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

099 PA-AN X X X X X X X X

101 PYAPON X X X X X X X X

103 MOULMEIN X X X X X X X X

107 YE X X X X X X X X

108 TAVOY X X X X X X X X X X X X

109 COCO ISLAND X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

110 MERGUI X X X X X X X X

112 VICTORIA POINT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

48300 MAE HONG· SON X X X X X X X X

303 CHIANG RAI X X X X X X X X

327 CHIANG MAl X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

331 NAN X X X X X X X X

353 LOEI X X X X X X X X

356 SAKON NAKHON X X X X X X X X

375 MAE SOT X X X X X X X X

378 PHITSANULOK X X X X X X X X

381 KHON KAEN X X X X X X X X

400 NAKHON SAWAN X X X X X X X X

407 UBON RATCHATHANI X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

1

48431 NAKHON RATCHASIMA

432 SURIN

455 BANGKOK

4-56 DON MUANG

462 ARANYAPRATHET

480 CHANTHABURI

500 PRACHUAP KHIRIKHAN

517 CHUMPHON

551 SURAT THANI

565 PHUKET AIRPORT

567 TRANG

568 SONGKHLA

569 HAT YAl

58~ NARATHIWAT

48802 SAPA

803 LAOCAI

808 CAOBANG

810 BACCAN

820 HANOI (AND/OR 819 LANG)

ANNEX II 119

2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X ,X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X. X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

120 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

48823 NAMDINH X X X X X X X X

826 PHULIEN X X X X X X X X

830 lANGSON X X X X X X X X

831 THAINGUYEN X X X X X X X X

838 MONGCAI X X X X X X X X

839 BACHlONGVI X X X X X X X X

840 THANHHOA X X X X X X X X

845 VINH X X X X X X X X

846 HATINH X X X X X X X X

848 DONGHOI X X X X -X X X X

48852 HUE (PHU-BAI) X X X X X X X X

855 DA-NANG/TOURANE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

860 HOANG SA (PATTlE) X X X X X X X X

863 QUANG-NGAI X X X X X X X X

866 PlEIKU X X X X X X X X

870 QUI-NHO'N X X X X X X X X X X X X

875 BANMETHUOT X X X X X X X X

877 NHATRANG X X X X X X X X

887 PHAN-THIET X X X X X X X X

900 SAIGON/TANSO'NNHU'T X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

1

48907 KIENGIANG

914 AN-XUYEN (CAMAU)

917 PHU-QUOC

918 CON-SowN

48966 SIEMREAP

972 STUNG TRENG

978 SEN MONOROM

ANNEX . II

2

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X ~ X X X X

X X X X X X X X

121

3 4

00 06 12 18 00 12

X X X X

122 ANNEX II

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

48982 KOS KONG X X X X X X X X

983 KOMPONG SOM/VILLE X X X X X X X X (EX SIHANOUKVILLE)

991 PHNOM-PENH/POCHENTONG X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

998 SVAY RIENG X X X X X X X X

50136 MOHE X X X X X X X X

353 HUMA X X X X X X X X

434 TULIHE X X X X X X X X

468 AIHUI X X X X X X X X

527 HAILAR X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

557 NENJIANG X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

603 XIN-BARAG-YOUQI X X X X X X X X

632 BOGTU X X X X X X X X

727 ARXAN X X X X X X X X

745 QIQIHAR X X X X X X X X

756 HAILUN X X X X X X X X

774 YICHUN ·X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

788 FUJIN X X X X X X X X

915 LAMIN HURE X X X X X X X X

949 QlAN GORLOS X X X X X X X X

ANNEX II 123

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

50953 HARBIN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

963 TONGHE X X X X X X X X

978 JIXI X X X X X X X X

51076 ALTAY X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

087 FUYUN X X X X X X X X

133 TACHENG X X X X X X X X

156 HOBOG SAIR X X X X X X X X

243 KARAMAY X X X X X X X X

288 BAITII< SHAN X X X X X X X X

431 YINING X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

463 URUMQI X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

573 TURFAN X X X X X X X X

644 KUQAR X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

656 KaRLA X X X X X X X X

709 KASHI X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

716 BACHU X X X X X X X X

765 TIKANLIK X X X X X X X X

777 RUOQIANG X X.X X X X X X X X X X X X

811 SHACHE X X X X X X X X

828 HOTAN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

839 MINFENG X X X X X X X X

855 QlEMO X X X X X X X X

124

51886 MANGYA

52203 HAMI

267 EJNAQI

323 YEMAJIE

418 DUNHUANG

495 BAYAN MOO-

533 JIUQUAN

602 LENGHU

652 ZHANGYE

681 MINQIN

713 DA-QAIDAN

754 GANGCA

818 GERMU

836 DULAN

866 XINING

889 LANZHOU

957 TONGDE

53068 EREN

149 MANDOL

192 ABAGQI

231 ULJI

276 JURH

1

ANNEX II

2

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

3

00 06 12 18

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

4

00 12

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

ANNEX· II 125

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

53336 HAILUT X X X X X X X X

391 HUADE X X X X X X X X

463 HUH-HOT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

513 LINHE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

529 OTOGOI X X X X X X X X

543 DONGSHENG· X X X X X X X X

564 HEOU X X X X X X X X

588 WUTAI SHAN X X X X X X X X

614 YINCHUAN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

646 YULIN X X X X X X X X

723 YANCHI X X X X X X X X

772 TAIYUAN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

798 XINGTAI X X X X X X X X

845 YAN'AN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

915 PINGLIANG X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

959 YUNCHENG X X X X X X X X

54012 XI-UJUMOIN OI X X X X X X X X

026 JARUD OI X X X X X X X X

027 LINDONG X X X X X X X X

094 MUDANJIAN X X X X X X X X

102 XILIN HOT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

135 TONGLIAO X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

126

54161 CHANGCHUN

208 DOLON

218 CHIFENG

236 ZHANGWU

292 YANJI

337 JINZHOU

1

342 SHENYANG

374 LINJIANG

401 ZHANGJIAKOU

423 CHENGDE

471 YINGKOU

497 DANDONG

511 BEIJING

539 LETING

616 CANGZHOU

662 DALIAN

753 LONGKOU

776 CHENGSHANTOU

823 JINAN

843 WEI FANG

857 QINGDAO

906 HEZE

ANNEX II

2

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

3

00 06 12 18

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

4

00 12

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

ANNEX II 127

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

55228 GAR X X X X X X X X

299 HEIHE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

578 XIGAZE X X X X X X X X

591 LHASA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

664 TINGRI X X X X X X X X

773 PAGRI X X X X X X X X

56004 TUOTUOHE X X X X X X X X

029 YUSHU X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

033 MADO X X K X X X X X

046 JIGMED X X X X X X X X

080 HEZUO X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

096 WUDU X X X X X X X X

116 DENGQEN X X X X X X X X

137 QAMDO X X X X X X X X "J X X X X X " 146 GANZI X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

172 MARKANG X X X X X X X X

247 BATANG X X X X X X X X

294 CHENGDU X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

312 NYINGCHI X X X X X X X X

444 DEQIN X X X X X X X X

462 JIULONG X X X X X X X X

492 YIBIN X X X X X X X X

128

56571. XICHANG

651 LIJIANG

691 WEINING

739 TENGCHONG

778 KUNMING

951 LINCANG

964 SIMAO

989 HEKOlJ

57036 XI'AN

067 LUSHI

083 ZHENGZHOlJ

127 HANZHONG

178 NANYANG

245 ANKANG

265 GUANGHUA

297 XINYANG

328 DAXIAN

411 NANCHONG

447 ENSHI

461 YICHANG

494 WUHAN

515 CHONGQING

1

ANNEX II

2

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

3

00 06 12 18

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

4

00 12

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

57633 YOUYANG

662 CHANGDE

679 CHANGSHA

745 ZHIJIANG

799 JI'AN

816 GUIYANG

866 LINGLING

902 XINGREN

957 GUILIN

972 CHENXIAN

993 GANZHOU

58027 XUZHOU

040 GANYU

102 BOXIAN

144 QINGJIANG

150 SHEYANG

203 FUYANG

221 BENGBU

238 NANJING

251 DONGTAI

265 LUSI

314 HUOSHAN

1

ANNEX II

2

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

3

00 06 12 18

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

129

4

00 12

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

130

58367 SHANGHAI

424 ANQING

457 HANGZHOU

472 SHENGSI

477 DINGHAI

527 JINGDEZHEN

606 NANCHANG

633 QUXIAN

659 WENZHOU

666 DACHENDAO

725 SHAOW.U

847 FUZHOU

921 YONG'AN

965 TAOYUAN

969 TAIBEI

974 PENGJIAYU

59023, HECHT

082 SHAOGUAN.

59117 MEIXIAN

134 XIAMEN

211 BOSE

265 WUZHOIJ

1

ANNEX II

2

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

XXXXXXXX

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

XXXXXXXX

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

3

00 06 12 18

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X XX

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

x X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

4

00 12

X X

X X

X X

x. X

X X

x X

X X

X X

x X

X X

X X

X X

ANNEX II 131

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

59287 GUANGZHOU X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

293 HEYUAN X X X X X X X X

316 SHANTOU X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

345 MAGONG X X X X X X X X

417 LONGZHOU X X X X X X X X

431 NANNING X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

501 SHANWEI X X X X X X X X

644 BEIHAI X X X X X X X X

663 YANGJIANG X X X X X X X X

758 HAIKOO X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

792 DONGSHADAO X X X X X X X X

838 DONGFANG X X X X X X X X

948 YAXIAN X X X X X X X X

981 XISHADAO X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

985 SANHUDAO X X X X X X X X

997 NANSHADAO X X X X X X X X

STATIONS METE OROLOGIQUES OCEANIQUES

STATION T X X X X X X X X X X X X X X (29 OON, 135 OOE)

132 ANNEX II

Part B

PROCEDURE FOR MINOR CHANGES IN THE

REGIONAL BASIC SYNOPTIC NETWORK

The Association recognizes that certain minor changes in the regional basic synoptic network, which do not affect the requirements of the Region as a whole, are inevitable from time to timeD To provide a simple and rapid means of effecting changes proposed by Members concerned, the procedure given below should be followed~

(a) The president of the Association, at the request of the Members concerned, and in consultation with the Secretary-General, shall approve minor changes without a formal consultation of the Members of the'Association, it being understood that any change of sub­stance, iDeo one adversely affecting the density of the network within the RegionJ or proposing a change in observational hours, would still require the formal agreement of Members through the adoption of a resolution by postal ballot;

(b) The Secretary...:General shall'notify all Members and directors of Meteorological Services of non-Member countries by circular letter of changes agreed with the president of the Association.

ANN E X III

Annex to Resolution 5 (VI-RA II)

NETWORK OF GROUND WEATHER RADAR STATIONS FOR STORM

WARNING PURPOSES IN TROPICAL AREAS OF REGION II '

BANGLADESH

BURMA

CAMBODIA

CHINA

DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF KOREA

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIET-NAM

INDIA

JAPAN

LAOS

PAKISTAN

REPUBLIC OF KOREA

REPUBLIC OF SOUTH VIET-NAM

Cox's Bazar Dacca Khepupara

Rangoon One station on the Arakan Coast

(To be completed later)

(To be completed later)

(To be completed later)

(To be completed later)

Paradeep Bombay Calcutta Goa (to be implemented later) Karaikal (to be implemented later) Madras Masulipatnam (to be implemented later) Port Blair (to be implemented later) Vishakhapatnam

Fujisan Murotomisaki

Vientiane

Karachi

(To be completed later)

(To be completed later)

134 ANNEX III

SAUDI ARABIA

SRI LANKA

THAILAND

Khamis Mushait Tabouk Dhahran Jeddah (to be implemented in

1976/1977) Riyadh (to be implemented in

1976/1977) Taif (to be implemented in

1976/1977)

Trincomalee

Khon Kaen Songkhla Bangkok Chumphon (to be implemented in

1976)

ANN E X IV

Annex to Resolution 7 (VI-RA II)

NETWORK OF CLIMAT AND CLIMAT

TEMP REPORTING STATIONS IN REGION II

1) Index number 2) Name 3) CLIMAT 4) CLIMAT TEMP

1 2 3

20046 Ostrov Hejsa x 069 Ostrov Vize x 292 Mys t'eljuskin x 674 Ostrov Dikson x 891 Hatanga x

21432 Ostrov Kotel'nyj x 946 Cokurdah x 965 Ostrov Cetyreh-stolbovoj x

23146 Mys Kamennyj x 205 Nar' jan-Mar x 219 Hoseda-Hard x 330 Salehard x 472 Turuhansk x 552 Tarko-Sale x 724 Njaksimvol' x 804 Syktyvkar x 849 Surgut x 884 Padkamennaja Tunguska x 933 Hanty-Mansijsk x

24105 Essej x 125 Olenek x 143 Dzardtan x 266 Verhojansk x 507 Tura x 641 Vi1jujsk x

4

x

x x x

x

x

x x

x x

x

x

x

x x

136 ANNEX IV

1 2 3 4

24688 Ojmjakon x 738 Suntar x 817 Erbogacen x 959 Jakutsk x x

25173 Mys Smidta x x 248 Ilirne j x 325 Ust'-Oloj x 399 Mys Uzlen x 400 Zyrjanka x 563 Anadyr' x x 703 Sejm~an x x 744 Kamenskoe x 954 Korf x x

28225 Perm' x 275 Tobol'sk x 440 Sverdlovsk x x 698 Omsk x x 952 Kustanaj x x

29231 Kolpa~ev x x 263 Eniscjsk x 282 Bogu~any x 574 Krasnojarsk x x 838 Barnaul x 866 Minusinsk x

30230 Kirensk x x· . 309 Bratsk x 469 Kalakan x 554 Bogdarin x 635 Ust'-Burguzin x 673 Mogo~a x 710 Irkutsk x 758

v Cita x x

31004 Aldan x x 088 Ohotsk x x 168 Ajan x 253 Bomnak x 369 Nikolaevsk-na-Amure x 416 1m. Poliny Osipenko x 510 Blagovescensk x x 735 Haborovsk x x 960 Vladivosi.ok x x

ANNEX IV 137

1 2 3 4

32150 Juzno-Sahalinsk x x 195 Simu¥ir x 411 lea x 540 Petropavlovsk-Kamcatskij x x 618 Nikollskoe (Ostrov Beringa) x

35121 Orenburg x x 358 Turgaj x 394 Karaganda x x 700 Gurlev x x 796 Balha~ x 925 Sam x

36177 S€mipalatinsk x 870 Alma-Ata x x

38001 Fort Sev~enkCJ x 262 Cimbaj x 413 Tamdy x 457 TaS'kent x x 507 Krasnovodsk x 687 Card~ou x 880 Ashabad x x

40373 Qaisumah x 375 Tabouk x x 394 Hail x 400 El-Wejh x x 416 Dhahran x x 430 Medina x 438 Riyadh x x 477 Jeddah x x 495 Sulayil x x 569 Khamis-Mushait x x 572 Gizan x x 372 Kuwait lnternational Airport x x 427 Bahrain Muharraq x x 449 Sharjah x x

564 Masirah x x 575 Salalah x x 462 Seeb International Airport x 586 Riyan x x 597 Aden/Khormaksar x x

604 Sinjar x

138 ANNEX IV

1 2 3 4

40608 Mosul x 621 Kirkuk x 642 Rutbah x 650 Baghdad x x 665 Kut-al-Hai x 672 Diwaniya x 676 Nasiriya x 689 Basrah x 706 Tabriz x 745 Mashhad x x 754 Tehran/Mehrabad x x 766 Kermanshah x x 795 Dezful x 800 Esfahan x 841 Kerman x x 848 Shiraz x x 911 Mazari Sharif x 938 Herat x x 942 Chakhcharan x 948 Kabul Airport x x 966 Nawor/Okak x 976 Kadjakai x

986 Zaranj x 990 Kandahar Airport x x

41350 Gan x x 530 Peshawar x x 560 Parachinar x 594 Sargodha x 598 Jhelum x 620 Fort Sandeman x 624 Dera Ismail Khan x 640 Lahore City x 660 Quetta Airport x 661 Quetta Brewery x 675 Multan x x 696 Kalat x 712 Dal Bandin x 739 Panjgur x 756 Jiwani x x 765 Hyderabad x 768 Chhor x 780 Karachi Airport x x 858 Bogra x 900 Sylhet x

ANNEX IV 139

1 2 3 4

41915 Jessore x 917 Dacca x x 940 Chittagong City x 941 Chittagong/Patenga x 950 Cox's Bazar x

42027 Sri nagar x x 071 Amritsar x 099 Ludhiana x 147 Mukteswar Kumaon x 165 Bikaner x 182 New Delhi/Safdarjung x x 261 Agra x 295 Darjeeling x 314 Dibrugarh/Mohanbari x 339 Jodhpur x x 369 Lucknow/Amausi x 391 Darbhanga x 404 Dhubri x 410 Gauhati x x 451 Kota x 515 Cherrapunji x 587 Daltonganj x 599 Dumka x 619 Silchar x 647 Ahmadabad x x 671 Sagar x 731 Dwarka x 754 Indore x 807 Calcutta/Alipore x 809 Calcutta/Dum Dum x 867 Nagpur/Sonegaon x x 909 Veraval x 933 Akola x 970 Cut tack x 971 Bhubaneswar x

43003 Bombay/Santacruz x 041 Jagdalpur x 057 Bombay/Colaba x 063 Poona x 128 Hyderabad/Begumpt x x 149 Vishakhapatnam x x 185 Masulipatnam x

140 ANNEX IV

1 2 3 4

43192 Goa/Pan jim x x 197 Belgaum x 279 Madras/Minambakkam x x 285 Mangalore/Panambur x x 295 Bangalore x 314 Kozhikode x 333 Port Blair x x 363 Pamban x 369 Minicoy x x 371 Trivandrum x x 413 Mannar x 418 Trincomalee X·

466 Colombo x x 497 Hambantota x

44214 Ulgi x 231 Muren x 259 Choibalsan x 277 Altai x 288 Arbaiher x 292 Ulan-Bator x x 354 Sainshand x x 373 Dalanzadgad x x 454 Kathmandu x

45004 King's Park x 005 Royal observatory x 011 Macao x

47105 Kangnung x 112 Incheon x 138 Pohang x 165 Mokpo x 401 Wakkanai x x 412' Sapporo x x 420 Nemuro x x 582 Akita x x 58-5 Miyako x 590 Sendai x x 600 Wajima x x 618 Matsumoto x 646 Tateno x 662 Tokyo x 678 Hachijojima/Omure x x 744 Yonago x x

ANNEX IV 141

1 2 3 4

47778 Shionomisaki x x 807 Fukuoka x x 827 Kagoshima and Kagoshima/Voshino x x 898 Shimizu/Ashizuri x 909 Naze/Funchatoge x x 918 Ishigakijima x x 936 Naha x 945 Minamidaitojima x x' 971 Chichijima x x 991 Minami tori shima . x x

48008 Mytkyina x 042 Mandalay x 053 Meiktila x 062 Akyab x 097 Rangoon x x 112 Victoria Point x 327 Chiang Mai x x 354 Udon Thani x 378 Phitsanulok x 400 Nakhon Sawan x 407 Ubon Ratchatnani x x 431 Nakhon Ratcnasima x 455 Bangkok x x 462 Aranyaprathet x 480 Chanthaburi x 500 Prachuap Khirikhan x 517 Chumphon x 568 Songkhla x x 802 Sapa x 819 Hanoi x x 826 Phulien x 845 Vinh x 855 Da-Nang/Tourane x x 875 Banmethuot x 877 Nhatrang x 900 Saigon/Tanso'nnhu't x x 930 Luang-Prabang x 940 Vientiane x x 948 Seno x 955 Pakse x 966 Siemreap x

142

1

48972 985 991

2

Stung Treng Kampot Phnom-Penn/Pochentong

ANNEX IV

3

x

x x

NOTE The CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reporting stations of the new Members of Regional Association II will be inserted at a later date.-

4

x

ANNEX V

Annex to Resolution 9 (VI-RA II)

AMENDMENTS TO CHAPTER II,REGION II - ASIA OF VOLUME II * OF THE MANUAL ON CODES (WMO PUBLICATION r~oo 306)

Page II-RoII-A-l

Under "general remarks", insert at the end:

"Sixth session - Colombo, September 1975"

Page II-R. II-A-3

After paragraph 2 i~ the following text:

"FM 20-V RADOB

- Use of section 2 of Part B

No regional coding practice has been established for this section."

Page II-R.II-A-!

Replace entry under FM 35.V - TEMP and FM 36 0 V - TEMP SHIP by:

* Note:

"FM 35-V TEMP and FM 36-V TEMP SHIP

1. Use of sections in Parts A, B, C and D

(i) Part A

- Section 4

The group (4vbvbvava) is to be included in TEMP messages

as often as possibleo

The Association requested the Secretary-General to introduce in Chapter II, Region II - Asia of Volume II of the Manual on Codes all editorial changes required to bring this chapter into line with Volume I of the Manual on Codes.

144

(ii)

ANNEX V

Part 8

- Section 9

Section 9 is used in the Region under the following symbolic form:

51525 92h9h9h9 'yT919D9D9d9d9f9f9f9

2. Meteorological requirements for the international exchange of upper-air reports -

The following parts are required: Parts AI 8, C and D."

Page II-RoII-A-5

Insert the following text:

"FM 67-VI HYDRA and FM 63-VI HYFOR

The use of these codes and in particular the inclusion or om-is-sIon - of their different sections is left to the discretion of the

national Meteorological Services.

FM 85-VI SAREP

Use of section 5 - -

No regional coding practice has been established for this section o "

Page II-R.II-A-7

Substitute the specification for f and the note which follows it by the following g

text:

IIf g

Maximum gust speed in tens of knots (orin units of 5 metres per second) during showers, thunderstorms, frontal passages ~nd other phenomena.

(9-group in FM Il-V and FM 21-V)

(1) For example: f = 5: 50 to 59 knots, 25-30 metres per second g

f = 9: 90 to 99 knots, 45-50 metres per second g

(2) For speeds greatei than 99 knots (50 metres per seco~d) two special phenomena groups are used, the same code figure being used for SpSp in the two groupso - In the first group,

ANNEX V

s s (f T ) is coded 9T, and in the second group, p p g v v

s ~ gives maximum gust speed in tens of knots (or p p

units of 5 metres per second). For example: a variation of temperature of 4°C and a maximum gust speed of 110 knots, during a thunderstorm coming from the NW, are coded 98494 984110"

Page II-R.II-A-18

10 Decade 11-19~ Wind and sea

145

Substitute the following specifications for the groups 911ff, 912ff, 913d d and 919ff: c C

"911ff

912ff

913d d c c

919ff

Maximum gusts (more than 40 knots) in the period covered by W*

Maximum mean wind (more than 30 knots) in the period covered by N*

Direction of the wind**

Wind speed */*** "

2. At the foot of this page, substitute the following text for the existing text under the asterisks:

" *When the wind speed reaches or exceeds the equivalent of 100 knots, two special phenomena groups are used, the same code figure being used for SpSp in the two groupso In the first group spsp (ff) is

coded 99 and, in the second, s s gives the value which must be p p

added to 100 to obtain the wind speeds in knots; for example, to report a wind of 135 knots, the two groups are coded 91199 91135 or 91299 91235 or 91999 91935.

**A significant change in wind speed/direction is reported by two 919ff/913d d groups giving the speed/direction before and after

c c the change. The time"of change is given by the group 900G G 0

q q

***Variation in speed/direction of light and variable winds would not normally be reported, nor would a gradual change in speed/direction of a strong wind; by "significant" change is meant the sudden setting in or cessation of a strong wind or a sudden change in speed/ direction of a strong windo"

ANNEX VI

Annex to Resolution 11 (VI-RA II)

ORGANIZATION OF THE REGIONAL METEOROLOGICAL TELECOMMUNICATION PLAN FOR REGION II (ASIA) FOR THE ·WORLD WEATHER WATCH

PART I

ORGANIZATIO~ OF THE REGIO~AL :\IETEOROtOGICAL TELECO:\1:\lUKICATIO:\, PL\:.'\" FOR REGIa:\' II (ASIA)

FOR THE WORLD \VEATHER 'YATCR

CONTE~TS

1. General ............ .

2. National telecommunication networks

2. t Principles

2.2 Telecommunication functions of N~IC5

2. J National collection of obsen·ational data.

2.4 Links between N\lCs and associated Regional Telecommunication Hubs (RTHs)

2.5 Transmission programmes of K\lCs to RTHs

J. Regional telecommunication network

3.. J Principles

3.2 Designation of RTHs in Region II

3.3 Functions of RTHs ...... .

3.4 Zones of responsibility of RTHs for collection of observational data.

3.5 Configuration of the regional telecommunication network

3.6 Transmission programmes of RTHs to N~lCs

3.7 Transmission programmes between R THs . .

Page

II-2

11-2

II-2

II-2

H-2

U-2

11-3

II-J

II-3

I1-3

II-4

Il-4

JI-4

1I-5

II-5

3'.8 Collection and transmission time of obsenational and processed information exchanged by RTHs 1I-5

3 .. 9 Transmission of output products of WMCs and RMCs

3. 10 Regional facsimile plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. Inter-regional exchanges . . . . . . . . . . . . • .

Figure J Target regional meteorological telecommunication network for Region II (Asia)

Figure.2 Exchange programmes of observational data tRA II) on the main regional-circuits

Table I Contents oftransmis~:on programm~s of RTHs by radb broadcasts

1I-6

1I-6

1I-"6

JI-7

II-a

11-9

ANNEX VI

PART 1

ORGANIZATlO:\, OF THE REGIOX·\L :\lETEOROLOGIC\L ITLEC0:',nn.:~ICATIO~ PLA~ FOR REGIO."I II (ASIA) FOR THE WORLD WEATHER \YATCH

1. General

The growing needs of wuntrics in Region II for rapid and re1i~ble reception of a large amount of various types of meteorological information from all owr Asia. adjacent ocean areas and other regions call for the establishment of a tele.:ommunic:uion network in the Region that wiil satisfy these requirements. This network will ha\'e to be linked to and co-ordinated with the WWW Global Telecommunication System (GTSI. Therefore, the telecommunication network in the Region will have to cope \\ ith the \VWW requirements and comply with the organizational and engineering principles adoptcd for thc GTS.

2. 1'\ational telecommunication networks

2. I Principles

2.1.1 The national telecommunication networks should be organized to ensure the rapid and reliable collection of observational data to meet \\'W\V requirements.

2.1.2 Each Member shall designate a National Meteorological Centre (NMC), or other centres as appro-priate, to perform the telecommunication functions indicated in the following paragraph.

2.2 TelecommuTlicatioTl functions of SJfCs

2.2.1 The telecommunication functions of Nr.lCs, the location and meteorological functions of which are a matter for decision by the Meteorological Services concerned, should be as defined in 2.4, Part I, Volume I of the ~Ianual on the GTS.

2.2.2 Subject to agreement of the Members concerned . .'I\\ICs may perform such additional functions as collectian and relay of observational data from other ~}'·fCs or isolated island stations.

2,3 National collection of observational data

The choice of telecommunication facilities for the collection of information from stations located within a territory or country is a matter for decision by the N1ember concerned. The arrangements should comply with the provisions made in 3.3, Pan I, Volume I of the Manual on the GTS,

2.4 Links between N,HCs and associated Regional Telecomnlllnicarion Hubs (RTlls)

2.4. I Each N~IC should be interconnected with the associated RTH (see 3.4 below) with point-to-point links to transmit its collected observa:ional data and to receive required observational as wei! as processed information in both alphanumeric and pictorial form. NMCs may be connected to more than one RTH.

2.4.2 If the point-to-point links are not available, and until such links are established. the exchange of meteorological information between the NMCs and the associated RTH should be made by radio broad­casts, In this case:

147

148 ANNEX VI

(a) The NMC should beam its territorial transmission to the associated RTH to ensure more reliable reception of its collected data at the associated RTH;

(b) Each NMC should be equipped with at least two RTT and. one facsinllle receiving sets complete with directional antennae to be able to receive the required information primarily from the associated RTH (see 3.6 below).

2.5 Transmission programmes of NMCs to RTHs 2.5.1 The programmes transmitted by NMCs, or centres with similar functions, to the associated RTHs should comprise the following data: (1I) Surface synoptic reports for main and intermediate standard hours and all upper-air data, TEMP and

PILOT, Parts A, B, C and D, from all stations included in the regional basic synoptic network of the relevant country. Reports from additional stations may be included as agreed between Members concerned;

(b) All reports from ships and aircraft; (c) Priority messages, such as warnings of dangerous weather conditions; (d) CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP once per month; (e) Satellite data as available; (f) Other types of information as agreed.

2.5.2 The transmission of observational data to the associated RTH should start as soon as possible and in any case not later than 20 minntes after the observing station's filing time. Every effort should be made to complete this transmission within 35 minutes of the observing station's filing time to enable the RTHsjRMCs to meet their obligations in implementing the WWW.

3 . Regional telecommunication network

3 . 1 Principles

3.1 . 1 The regional telecommunication network should ensure rapid and reliable collection, exchange and distribution of meteorological information in such a way as to satisfy, as far as possible, the needs of Members of WMO and in particular of Members of RA II. For this purpose, reliable and modern telecommunication facilities available should be employed.

3. 1 .2 The regional telecommunication network for Region II should conform with the WWW plan and therefore shall perform the functions defined in 3.2.3, Part I, Volume I of the Manual on the GTS.

3.2 Designation of RTHs in Region II

The designated RTHs in Region II are:

(a) RTHs with receiving and transmitting capabilities on the Main Trunk Circuit and its branches:

New Delhi; Peking; Tokyo;

(b) Other RTHs: Bangkok; leddah; Khabarovsk; Novosibirsk; Tashkent; Tehran.

ANNEX VI

3.3 Functions of RTHs

3.3.1 RTHs in Region II should be capable of performing the functions defined in 2.2, Part I, Volume I of the Manual on the GTS.

3.3.2 In particular, each RTH in the Region should have the following duties:

(a) Collection of observational and processed data within its zone of responsibility;

(b) Exchange on point-to-point circuits of meteorological information with WMCs, RMCs and RTHs as agreed;

(c) Distribution on point-to-point circuits and/or by radio broadcasts of the meteorological information from its own zone of responsibility and retransmission of data received from WMCs, RMCs or other RTHs to meet primarily the requirements of the NMCs within its zone of responsibility;

(d) Checking and correction in order to maintain standard transmission procedures.

3.4 Zones of responsibility of RTHs for collection of obsel'Vational data

The RTHs in the Region will have the following zones of responsibility for collection of observa­tional data:

,------------------,---------------------------------------------------.. -Name ofRTH

Bangkok

Jeddah

Khabarovsk

New Delhi

Novosibirsk

Peking

Tashkcnt

Tehran

Tokyo

ZOlle of respollsibility

Burma, Cambodia, Laos, Republic of South Viet-Nam, Thailand, adjacent sea and ocean areas

Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, other Arabian territories, adjacent sea and ocean areas

Democratic People's Republic of Korea, U.S.S.R., adjacent sea and ocean areas

Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bnrma. India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sikkim, Sri Lanka, adjacent sea and ocean areas

Mongolia, U.S.S.R.

China, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Democratic Republic of Viet·Nam, adjacent sea and ocean areas

Afghanistan, U.S.S.R.

Democratic Yemen, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan, other Arabian territories, adjacent sea and ocean areas

Hong Kong, Japan, Macao, Republic of Korea, adjacent sea and Pacific Ocean areas

NOT E: Regional Associations II and V agreed that, for the efficiency of the lJ rS, as an interim measure until full implemen­

tation of the regional meteorological telecommunication plans, the RTHs Bangkok and Tokyo (situated in Region ll)

should collect the observational data from the NMCs Kuala Lumpur and Manila (situated in Region V) respectively.

3 . 5 COl/figuI'atioll of the regional telecommunication network

3.5.1 The regional telecommuni.cation network interconnecting the centres is composed of the types of circuit defined in 3.2.2, Part I, Volume I of the Manual on the GTS.

3.5.2 To make use of the existing facilities, main regional circuits may be established through relay centres subject to an agreement between the Members responsible for the centres concerned and provided that the efficiency of the exchange is not impaired.

149

ANNEX VI

3.5.3 Figure 1.

The configuration of the regional telecommunication network in Region n should be as shown in

3.6 Transmission programmes of RTHs to NMCs

3.6. I Each RTH is responsible for providing the NMCs within its zone of responsibility (see 3.4 above) with the observational and processed data required by the Members concerned on point-to-point circuits and/or by radio broadcasts. For this purpose the transmission programmes by the RTH should be established by the Member responsible for the RTH and the associated NMCs, and included in WMO Publication No.9, Volume C - Transmissions.

3.6.2 To meet the requirements of those Members who are not yet connected with the associated RTHs by point-to-point circuits, each RTH should establish and maintain a radio broadcast where transmission programmes are based on the following principles:

(a) Each NMC should be able to receive the observational and processed data it needs from the associated RTH;

(b) If this is not feasible, the NMC should be able to receive tile data it needs from not more than two RTHs;

(e) Each RTH should ensure reliable reception of its radio broadcasts at least in its zone of responsibility for collection (see 3.4).

3.6.3 The nine RTHs shall be jointly responsible for the broadcast of all coded information from Region II and retransmission of selected data from other Regions, to meet the requirements of the Members.

3.6.4 Table I gives in general terms the contents of transmission programmes of the RTHs in Region II by regional RTT broadcasts.

3.7 Tl'Unsmission progl'Ummes between RTHs

3.7. I RTHs should exchange observational and, as appropriate, processed data in order to meet the needs of the Members of the Region as well as the WWW.

3.7.2 circuits.

Figure 2 shows the exchange programmes of the observational data (RA II) on the main regional

NOT E: The RTHs New Delhi and Tokyo, when working out the details of their regional exchange programmes, should avoid duplication of information received from the regional telecommunication network and the Main Trunk Circuit.

3.7.3 In the event of a breakdown of a main regional circuit, the alternative routeing of the traffic through other main regional circuits shall be arranged between the RTHs concerned.

3.8 Collection and tl'Unsmission time of obserrational and processed information exchanged by RTHs

3.8. I The transmission times for the exchange of data for RTHs should be as follows:

(a) The regional exchange and distribution of observational data should start as soon as possible but not later than 20 minutes after the observing station's filing time;

(b) The transmission of observational data to the RTHs on the Main. Trunk Circuit and its branches in Region II should be completed not later than 45 minutes after the observing station's filing time.

3.8.2 The schedules for transmission of processed data in pictorial (facsimile) or digital form should be established in consultation between Members concerned, taking into account the requirements set forth in the WWW plan.

ANNEX VI

3.9 Transmission of output products of WMCs and RMCs

3.9. 1 The regional telecommunication network should be capable of exchanging and distributing the output products of WMCs and RMCs to meet the requirements of Members.

3.9.2 The exchange of output products (processed information including satellite data) between centres should be carried out in pictorial form or in digital form as agreed between centres.

3.10 Regional facsimile plan

In addition to the point-to-point transmissions, the designated RTHs and RMCs should establish and maintain radio-facsimile broadcasts as follows:

(a) Bangkok - WMCs·. RMCs' and AFCs' products as required;

(b) Khabarovsk - WMCs', RMCs' and AFCs' products as required;

(c) New Delhi - WMCs', RMCs' and AFCs' products as required;

(d) Novosibirsk - WMCs', RMCs' and AFCs' products as required;

(e) Peking

(J) Tashkent

- Products to be added at a later date;

- WMCs', RMCs' and AFCs' products as required;

(g) Tehran

(h) Tokyo

- WMCs·. RMCs' and AFCs' products as required;

- WMCs', RMCs' and AFCs' products as required.

4. Inter-regional exchanges

The inter-regional exchanges with the neighbouring regions should be made by th.! Main Trunk Circuit and the following inter-regional circuits:

Jeddah-Cairo;

Khabarovsk-Moscow;

New Delhi-Melbourne;

Novosibirsk-Moscow:

Tashkent-Moscow;

Tehran-Moscow.

151

WASHINGTON

~~~g~~1 II-:=:=:=:=:=oo=oo=oo=:=o! o-lo_o_olIKHABAROVSKIJ- I TOKYO II o 0 0 0 0 of ~ : �-----1 I I SEOUL I I

i I TASHKENT I ~ Iii NOVOSIBIRSK I ULAN BATOR I : : 1 I + - 1- H PYONGYANG I PEKING II : 1 1 KATHMANDU I I :

I I KABUL + +1 I I : 1 1 + MACAO HANOI I

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I ~::::--.:~-I i I I 1 I i L~~I~~_IJ : i I DACCA I fHNOM PENHJ I SAIGON

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: I JEDDAH I KUWAIT Jew Me-=- BRANCH OF' TI~E MAIN TRUNK CIRCUIT

I _ MAIN REGIONAL CIRCUIT

I g R T H __ REGIONAL CIRCUIT

: ~A H BAHRAIN SEES I 0 NMC _+_ SUPP"MENTARY REOiONALClR'UIT

I ... ___ _0_ INTER-REGIONAL CIRCUIT 1 I I Ce:~ITRE IN OTHER 'I SANAA I ADEN I- L __ J WMO REGIONS ---- SUPPLEMENTARY INTE:R-RE:GIONAL CIRCUIT

Figure I - Target regional meteorological telecommunication network for Region II (Asia)

I-' U'I

'"

» z Z rrI X

< H

lIAS H2KENT I

2+3+4 (VIA MOSCOW)

1.9 (VIA MOSCOW)

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3.4.5.8

1 +2+3+7

4+5.6.8

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TO~YO---j

4 +5+8

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* PROGRAMMES TO BE ADDED ATA LATER DATE

Figure 2 - Exchange programmes of observational data (RA II) on the main regional circuits

» z z rrr X

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154

NameofRTH

Bangkok

Jeddah

Khabarovsk

New Delhi

Novosibirsk

Peking

Tashkent

Tehran

Tokyo

ANNEX VI

TABU! I

Contenls 1)f transmission programmes of RTHs by radio broadcasts

Contents

Burma, Cambodia, China (southern part), Hong Kong, India, Japan, Laos, Macao, Republic of South Viet-Nam, Thailand, selections from Region V, adjacent sea and ocean areas

Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, other Arabian territories, selections from Region I, adjacent sea and ocean areas

Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Japan, Mongolia, Republic of Korea, U.S.S.R. (Asian part), adjacent sea and ocean areas

Afghanistan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, Cambodia, China (south-western part), Democratic Yemen, India, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Laos, Nepal, Pakistan, Republic of South Viet-Nam, Saudi Arabia, Sikkim, Sri Lanka, Thailand, U.S.S.R. (Central Asian Republics), selections from Region I and Region V, adjacent sea and ocean areas

Mongolia, U.S.S.R. (west of 115°E)

China, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Democratic Republic of Viet-Nam, selections from Region II and Region VI, adjacent sea and ocean areas

Afghanistan, Bahrain, Democratic Yemen, India, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, U.S.S.R. (west of 900 E) and also selections from the eastern part of Region I and south-eastern part of Region VI, adjacent sea and ocean areas

Afghanistan, Bahrain, Democratic Yemen, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, U.S.S.R. (Central Asian Republics), Yemen, selections from Region I and Region VI, adjacent sea and ocean areas

Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, Japan, Laos, Macao, Mongolia, Republic of Korea, Republic of South Viet-Nam, Thailand, U.S.S.R. (south-eastern part), selections from Region V, adjacent sea and Pacific Ocean areas

ANNEX VII

Annex to Resolution 12 (VI-RA II)

TELECOMMUNICATION PROCEDURES FOR REGION II (ASIA)

PART II

TELECOMMUNICATION PROCEDURES FOR REGION II (ASIA)

I. General ........ .

1 . 1 Compilation of bulletins

I .2 Optimum length of message

1 .3 Exchange of global data

CONTENTS

1.4 Transmission of upper-air reports in Region II

2. Filing time of meteorological reports from synoptic stations

3 . Supplementary telecommunication procedures . . . . . .

3.1 Message format for routine transmission of alphanumeric data

3.2 Transmission of CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reports

4. Dissemination of ships' reports . . .

5 . Aircraft reports for synoptic purposes

6. Ground radar observations .

7. Meteorological satellites. .

8 . Operation of the national collection system using the public telecommunication system

9. Momrormg and checking of meteorological broadcasts

10. METNO and WIFMA messages . .

II . Checking of meteorological bulletins

Page

II-I 2

II-12

JI-12 II-12

II-12

Il-12

1I-12

II-12

1I-13

IJ-13

11-13

II-13

H-14

II-14

1I-14

II-14

II-I 4

156 ANNEX VII

PART II

TELECOMMUNICATION PROCEDURES FOR REGION II (ASIA)

1. General

I . I Compilatioll of bulletills

The NMCs should compile and edit their data and transmit them in standard message format (see 2.1,2.2 and 2.3, Part II, Volume I of the Manual on the GTS). Separate bulletins should be compiled for the global and regional exchanges and, as agreed between RTHs and NMCs concerned, for the exchange of data for national use or bilateral use. If this is done correctly by the responsible NMC, re-editing or compiling of new bulletins is unnecessary and is not allowed ..

I .2 Optimum lellgth of message

The optimum length of message should be as defined in 2.7, Part II, Volume I of the Manual on the GTS.

I . 3 Exchallge of global data

In order to facilitate the rapid exchange of global data by tape relay, the data from a: given' area (or country) should be transmitted to the appropriate RTH of Region II by the originating NMC as separate messages and as soon as possible. The further relay of these messages should also be given high priority.

NOT E: Lists of stations to be included in global exchanges are found in Attachment 1-3 to Part I, Volume I of the M'lIlual on the GTS.

I .4 Tl'allSmissioll of uppel'-air repO/·ts ill Regio1l II

Parts A, B, C and D of upper-air reports (TEMP, TEMP/SHIP, PILOT, PILOT/SHIP, etc.) shall be transmitted over the regional telecommunicatIon network of Region II and in the RTH broadcasts of Rcgion II to the extent permitted by the available circuits. Parts A, B, C and D of these reports shall he trans­mitted separately.

2 . Filing time of meteorological reports from synoptic stations

Meteorological reports from surface and upper-air synoptic stations should be filed immediately upon completion of the observation, including coding. Under normal conditions; the delay should not exceed five minutes.

3 . Supplementary telecommunication procedures

3 . I Message format for rOlltille tra1lsmissioll of alpha1lumeric data

The use of the following groups in the world-wide message format relating to routine transmission of alphanumeric data, as given in Part IT, Volume I of the Manual on the GTS, shall be as follows:

(a) The use of the transmission sequence number non in Region II shall be as agreed bilaterally in the Inter­national Telegraph Alphabet No.2. Unless otherwise agreed, the number shall be cyclic 000 to 999 inclusive, regardless of time;

ANNEX VII

(b) The use of the catalogue number CLLLL shall be mandatory for use in both alphabets in Region If;

(c) The insertion of the catalogue number CLLLL shall be made by the NMC responsible for the compilation of the meteorological bulletin, when requested by the associated RTH.

3.2 Transmission of CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reports

(a) CLIMAT and CLTMAT TEMP reports should be transmitted on the fourth and fifth days of each month unless the fourth day is a holiday and, in this case, CLIMAT reports are transmitted on the fifth day of the month only;

(b) CLIMAT and CLTMAT TEMP reports shonld be included by NMCs and RTHs at the end of the trans­mission schedule at main synoptic hours;

(c) The RTHs New Delhi and Tokyo shall ensure the regular transmission of CLIMAT and CLTMAT TEMP reports on the MTC;

{d) A NIL report is transmitted whenever a CLIMAT or CLTMAT TEMP report is not available at the scheduled time;

(e) The transmission schedule of CLIMAT and CLTMAT TEMP should be published in Volume C of WMO Publication No.9.

4. Dissemination of ships' reports

4.1 Members responsible for the operation of RTHs and NMCs in Region II shall ensure that all ships' reports which they receive up to 24 hours after the time of ohservation are included in their respective transmissions and broadcasts.

4.2 Every possible effort should be made to bring to the attention of ships' masters the considerable value of weather reports from all ships in the ocean areas around Asia, no matter how brief, noting that if reports at the synoptic hours are not possible, they may be made at other times convenient to themselves.

4.3 To ensure and facilitate adequate contact with ships, Members operating coastal stations not making a 24-hour watch should take into consideration the watch hours of radio officers aboard ships when fixing watch hours for their coastal stations.

4.4 Members operating coastal stations should take the necessary measures to ensure prompt response of those stations to ships calling them and arrange to forward the received ships' reports to the relevant NMC without delay.

5 . Aircraft reports for synoptic purposes

5.1 Each collecting centre transmits aircraft reports to the appropriate regional collecting centre. The appropriate regional collecting centre is the RTH in Region II in whose zone of responsibility the collecting centre is located.

5.2 All aircraft reports received in the R THs acting as regional AIREP collecting centres are disseminated at intervals not greater than three hours on the main regional, regional, supplementary regional and inter­regional circuits and also included in the RTH broadcasts.

5.3 Members making meteorological reconnaissance flights over the Region should include the resulting observations as soon as possible in the appropriate point-to-point transmissions or broadcasts.

157

158 ANNEX VII

6. Ground radar observations

Ground radar observations should be exchanged by arrangements made between Members concerned.

7 . Meteorological satellites

Satellite data issned by WMCs/RMCs concerning Region II and extending to other Regions should be included by RTHs in Region II in their respective transmissions or broadcasts.

8. Operation of the national collection system using the public telecommunication system

Members using the public telecommunication system for the collection of observational reports should:

(a) Make periodical checks on the regularity and efficiency of the collection of meteorological reports from their synoptic stations;

(b) Take full advantage of the provision of the ITU Instructions for the Operation of the International Public Telegnim Service which accord priorities to the transmission of meteorological messages;

(c) Keep close liaison at all levels with the responsible telephone and telegraph authorities (e.g. PTI) with a view to ensuring expeditious handling of meteorological traflic.

9 . Monitoring and checking of meteorological broadcasts

9. I Meteorological broadcasts should be monitored.

9.2 Recipients of meteorologicai broadcasts should report each montll on the quality of reception of these broadcasts to the meteorological authorities of the countries concerned and also inform them of all defi­ciencies that may have occurred.

9.3 The president of Regional Association II and the Secretary-General of the World Meteorological Organization should be informed of any deficiencies on which further action needs to be taken.

10. METNO and WIFMA messages

10.1 RTHs in Region II should make arrangements to obtain METNO and WIFMA messages through the Main Trunk Circuit and the inter-regional circuits with Region VI.

10.2 Members responsible for operation of RTHs in Region II should include advance notification of changes in Volumes A and C of WMO Publication No.9 (METNO messages) and Volume D of the same publication (WIFMA messages) in the respective transmissions and broadcasts.

11 . Checking of meteorological bulletins

Efforts should be made to check all meteorological reports collected by [he NMCs before they are included in bulletins for dissemination.

ANN E X VIII

Annex to Resolution 24 (VI-RA. II)

RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED PRIOR TO THE SIXTH SESSION

AND MAINTAINED IN FORCE

Res.l (III-RA II) - REGIONAL STANDARD BAROMETER

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:

(1) That there exists in India a standard barome~er at Calcutta,

(2) That comparisons with this barometer have already been carried out by a number of Members of the Association,

DECIDES to designate this Indian barometer at Calcutta as a reference standard barometer for this Region.

Res. 4 (III-RA II) - REQUIREMENT FOR HIGH-LEVEL UPPER-AIR DATA

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING the requirement for climatological information for the planning of high­level aircraft operations, expressed by the second Pacific Regional Air Navigation Meeting (September/October 1962),

DECIDES:

(1) That upper-air observations shall be recorded, whenever possible, up to 30,000 metres;

(2) That climatological records of upper-air observations of winds and tempera­tures up to 30,000 metres shall be maintained so that data up to this level can be made available for the planning of high-level aircraft operations.

160 ANNEX VIII

Res. 16 (IV-RA II) - CO-OPERATION BETWEEN METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL SERVICES

IN RA II

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING Recommendation 4 (CHy-II) as adopted by Resolution 13 (EC-XVII),

CONSIDERING that there is a need for continual close co-operation between meteorologists and hydrologists on the national level especially during the IHD,

URGES its Members:

(1) To ensure that their Meteorological Services are taking an active part in the establishment of national committees for the International Hydrological Decade and are adequately represented on these committees;

(2) To ensure that, where such committees cannot be established for any reason, a permanent co-ordinating body consisting of meteorological and hydrological personnel should be set up and should meet at regular intervals.

Res. 17 (IV-RA II) - FORECAST ·AREAS AND NOMENCLATURE FOR USE IN WEATHER BULLETINS FOR SHIPPING IN THE SOUTH-EASTERN PART OF.REGION 11--

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING paragraph 9.1.6 of the general summary of the work of CMM-IV,

CONSIDERING that it is important that Members issuing weather bulletins for shipping for the same area use a common nomenclature for the identification of any particular area,

DECIDES that the nomenclature as shown in the annex to this resolution should be used by all Members of RA II issuing weather bulletins.

*

* *

so· 100' 110" 120" 130 0 1./,,0"

FORECAST AREAS AND NOMENCLATURE FOR USE IN WEATHER BULLETINS FOR SHIPPING I I

IN THE SOUTH·t:ASTERN PART OF REGION II

I

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~bIJ1C ZONES DE PREVISION ET TERMINOLOGIE A UTILlSER DANS LES BULLETINS t.tETEOROLOGIQUES

N~ 1 I DESTINFIj A LA NAVIGATION MARiTIME JANS LA PARTIE SUO·EST DE LA REGION II

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162 ANNEX VIII

Res. 2 (V-RA II) - PRINCIPAL LAND STATIONS IN REGION II

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:

(1) Technical Regulation 3.1.1.1,

(2) The definition of the basic regional network as adopted by Resolu­tion 33 (EC-XIV),

(3) Resolution 1 (V-RA II),

(4) The action taken by Members of RA II in the implementation of Reso­lution 4 (IV-RA II),

CONSIDERING that it is desirable to maintain the highest possible standard for meteorological stations the reports of which are exchanged internationally,

URGES Members which have not already done so to ensure that their surface land stations included in the basic synoptic network of Region II conform to the spe­cifications laid down for principal land stations.

Res. 5 (V-RA II) - AUTOMATIC PICTURE TRANSMISSION (APT) SYSTEM IN REGION II (ASIA)

THE REGWNAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING Resolution '16 (:Cg":V) - World Weather ,wat{;n,

C:ONs.mERING~

{l) That a number of Members are .alreadyoperating APr receiving stations and many others have plans to install such stations in the near future,

(2) That requests for APT receiving stations under the VAP programme have received very favourablesup,port by donor countries,

RECOGNIZING that the reception of cloud pictures directly from satellites by means of the Automatic Picture Transmission (APT) system has proved particularly useful in synoptic weather analysis,

INVITES Members to inst·all at least one APT re.ceiving station or substitute thereof in the territories for which they a,re responsible.

ANNEX VIII 163

Res. 9 (V-RA II) - INTERCHANGE VISITS OF PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN DATA-PROCESSING ACTIVITIES

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING Resolution 16 (Cg-V),

CONSIDERING that there is a necessity for exchange of information on the methods of preparation of analysis and prognosis of interest to the Region,

URGES Members of Regional Association II to encourage interchange visits of meteorological personnel between the NMCsjRMCs and the associated RMCsjWMCs to study and evaluate the analysis and forecast methods in use in order to achieve effi­cient preparation and use of the output products of these centres;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General to assist in promoting this form of co-operation.

Res. 13 {V-RA II) - COLLECTION, EXCHANGE AND DISTRIBUTION OF SHIPS' WEATHER REPORTS

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:

(1) WMO Publication No. 9.TP.4-Volume D, Part A, Chapter I, Section 2,

(2) Recommendation 21 (CMM-V) - Requirements for transmission of ships' weather messages,

(3) Resolution 16 (Cg-V) - World Weather Watch,

(4) Resolution 31 (69-RA II) - Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Plan for Region II (Asia) for the World Weather Watch (WWW),

(5) Resolution 33 (69-RA II) - Telecommunication procedures for Region II (Asia),

CONSIDERING:

(1) The need for prompt reception of ships' weather reports by meteoro­logical centres inside and outside Region II,

(2) The need for making the appropriate telecommunication arrangements to meet the expressed requirements of countries in Region II and of the WWW as a whole,

164 ANNEX VIII

DECIDES:

(1) That Members concerned should take appropriate action with the authorities responsible for the operation of designated coastal radio stations with a view to ensuring that all ships' weather reports received at the coastal radio sta­tions are transmitted without delay to the National Meteorological Centre so that the transit time between the reception of the message from the ship at the coastal radio station and the reception at the National Meteorological Centre does not exceed 15 minutes;

(2) That all ships' weather reports received at National Meteorological Centres should be sent as soon as possible to the appropriate Regional Telecommunica­tion Hubs (RTHs);

(3) That the Regional Telecommunication Hubs should exchange and distri­bute without delay within Region II and on the inter-regional circuits all ships' weather reports ·received;

REQUESTS the S~cretary-General to conduct, in consultation with the president of RA II and the chairman of the RA II·Workihg Group on Meteorological Telecommunications, a survey on the implementation of this resolution.

Res. 29 (69-RA II) - COLLECTION AND TRANSMISSION OF OBSERVATIONAL DATA BY THE NMCs

IN REGION, II (ASIA)

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 10 (IV-RA II) - Radiotelephony sets,

(2) Resolution 31 (69-RA II) - Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Plan for Region II (Asia) for the World Weather Watch, stipulating that the national col­lection of observational data should be completed within 15 minutes of the observing station~ filing time to satisfy the World Weather Watch plan adopted by Resolu-tion 16 (Cg-V),

CONSIDERING that the timely availability of observational data at RTHs in Region II is essential for the effective functioning of the Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Plan,

DECIDES:

(1) That Members should do their utmost to speed up their national collec­tion of observational data with the ultimate aim of reaching the target time-limit of 15 minutes as set forth in Resolution 31 (69-RA II) as soon as possible;

ANNEX VIII 165

(2) That Members should start the transmission of their observational data as early as possible after the time of observation, taking into consideration the time needed to complete the transmission;

(3) That Members should review accordingly their transmission schedules pub­lished in WMO Publication No. 9.TP.4, Volume C;

(4) That Members should be invited to adhere to the exact times of their transmission schedules.

Res. 35 (74-RA II) - TRANSMISSION/BROADCAST PROGRAMMES IN REGION II (ASIA)

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ASIA,

NOTING the Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Plan for Region II (Asia) for the World Weather Watch,

CONSIDERING that there is a need to closely co-ordinate the transmission/ broadcast programmes of the RTHs in Region II in order to meet the requirements of Members,

DECIDES:

(1) That each RTH in Region II keep close liaison with the associated NMCs in order to be kept fully informed of the requirements of each NMC in its zone of res­ponsability and consequently establish its transmission programmes to meet, as far as possible, stated requirements;

(2) That RTHs in Region II co-ordinate amongst themselves their transmission/ broadcast programmes in such a way that NMCs in Region II are capable of obtaining all required information either on point-to-point circuits or by intercepting not more than two RTH broadcasts;

URGES RTHs in Region II to follow closely Technical Regulation No. LA.3.!74.1.4 and to provide the WMO Secretariat with the up-to-date contents and schedules of their transmission programmes for publication in Volume C. RTHs should review regularly their transmission programmes according to requirements.

LIST OF DOCUMENTS

I. "DOC" series

Doc. No.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Title

Provisional agenda

Explanatory memorandum relating to the provisional agenda

Telecommunication system -implementation of the regional meteorological telecommunica­~ion plan for Region II - Asia

Review of previous resolutions and recommendation of the Association and of relevant Executive Committee resoluti­ons

Numerical weather prediction

Climatology

Meteorology in relation to social and economic develop­ment

8 Applicati~ns of meteorology 8 ADD.l and climatology to agriculture,

aviation, ocean activities, environmental pollution and other human activities

9

10

Atmospheric radiation and Ozone

Telecommunication system -Report of the chairman of the Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications

Agenda item

2.2

2.2

4.3

9

5.2.3

6.1

6.4

6.3

5.2.4

4.3

Submitted by

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Chairman of the working group

Doc. No.

11

12

13 13 ADD.l

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24 24 REV. 1

LIST OF DOCUMENTS

Title

Data-processing system -Regional codes

Report by the president of the Association

Telecommunication system -Regional meteorological tele­communication plan for Region II - Asia

Other research activities -Tropical meteorology research

Observing system - Network of CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP re­porting stations in Region II

World Weather Watch programme -Regional aspects

Hydrology - Report of the Working Group on Hydro­meteorology

The use of meteorological and climatological information for marine activities

Observing system

Weather modification

Mitigation of tropical cyclone damage in Asia

Technical co-operation programme

Hydrology

Education and training Establishment of a regional meteorological training centre for Regional Asso­ciation II in Iraq, Baghdad

Agenda item

4.2

3

4.3

5.2.2

4.1

4.2

6.2

6.3

4.1

5.2.1

4.4

7

6.2

5.3

167

Submitted by

RA II Representative on CBS WG on Codes

Acting president of RAIl

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Chairman of the working group

RA II rapporteur

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Iraq

168

Doc. No.

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

LIST OF DOCUMENTS

Title

Application of meteorology and climatology to agriculture, aviation, ocean activities, environmental pollution and other human activities -Intra-regional activity in determining climatic analogues within the Region

Application of meteorology and climatology to agriculture, aviation, ocean activities, environmental pollution and other human activities - Report of the RA II WG on Agricultural Meteorology

Plan for the GARP Monsoon Experiment (MONEX)

Atmospheric radiation and ozone

Atmospheric radiation and ozone

Telecommunication system -Report of the Working Group on Meteorological Telecommu­nications of Regional Asso­ciation II

Climatology

Data-processing system -Regional codes

Agenda item

6.3

6.3

5.1

5.2.4

5.2.4

4.3

6.1

4.2

II. "PINK" series

1 Observing system 4.1 1 ADD.l

2 Weather modification 5.2.1

Submitted by

Iranian delegation

Chairman of the working group

Secretary-General

Rapporteur

Rapporteur on Radiation.

Chairman of the working group

U.S.S.R.

U.S.S.R.

Chairman, Committee A

Chairman, Committee B

Doc. No.

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

LIST OF DOCUMENTS

Title

Numerical weather pre­diction

Global atmospheric research programme

Tropical meteorology research

Data-processing system (including regional codes and support to the Area Forecast System)

Atmospheric radiation and ozone

Mitigation of tropical cyclone damage in Asia

Meteorology in relation to social and economic development

Data-processing system (including regional codes and support to the Area Forecast System)

Report by the president of the Association

Climatology

Hydrology

Telecommunication system

Report of the acting president on items 1 and 2

Agenda item

5.2.3

5.1

5.2.2

4.2

5.2.4

4.4

6.4

4.2

3

6.1

6.2

4.3

1 and 2

Submitted by

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Commi ttee B

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Committee A

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Committee A

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Committee A

President of the Association

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Committee A

169

Acting president of the Association

170 LIST OF DOCUMENTS

Doc. Title Agenda

Submitted by No. item

16 Application of meteorology 6.3 Chairman, 16 ADD. 1 and climatology to agriculture, Committee B

aviation, ocean activities, environmental pollution and other human activities

17 Technical co-operation 7 Chairman, programme Committee B

18 Report of the Nomination 10 Chairman of the Committee Nomination Committee

19 Education and training 5.3 Chairman, Committee B

20 Scientific lectures and 8 Acting president of discussions the Association

21 Review of previous resolution 9 Acting president of and recommendations of the the Association Association and of relevant Executive Committee resolutions