refsum historicalstudiesinpracticebasedartanddesignresearch2003

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Historical Study: Irish High Crosses - 1 - Refsum 2003 This paper has been published as: Refsum, Grete. 2003. "Historical Studies in Practice Based Art and Design Research". In (theorising ) History in Architecture. Edited by Elisabeth Tostrup and Christian Hermansen. Oslo School of Architecture, pp. 229-238. HISTORICAL STUDIES IN PRACTICE-BASED ART AND DESIGN RESEARCH Introduction This paper attempts to initiate a debate about the relationship between art and design practice and history. It will clarify how the fields of history and art or design relate to each other; 1 articulate how artists and designers approach and use historical material in their praxis; 2 and shed light on the character of the historical information that practitioners may need. Historians deal with the past in order to create an understanding of what has been and now is history. Artists and designers treat historical material as a means from which they can extract information that may help them solve present tasks and reach future ends. They stand on the edge of the past, working from the present towards the future, continuously conceptualizing ideas into finished works of art and design that add to the historical material. 3 Since fields of practice, art and design included, are complex phenomena in which different kinds of knowledge are involved, the more theoretical informed practitioners do not necessarily produce the best art or design work. 4 Therefore, the attitude among artists and designers to information history is regarded a matter of personal affinities and interests; it varies from superficiality to studies in depth – from looking up a book in a library and visiting the nearest monument, to lifelong interest, historical studies, and research. Art and design praxis is rooted in traditions that constitute fields of knowledge; it is executed and operate within professions that define its history and self understanding. Although there 1 The terms ’art and design’ are used in an inclusive, wide meaning, which comprises phenomena that manifest themselves in various ways. 2 ‘Practice’ means “the doing of something”, while ‘praxis’, from Greek prattein, denotes “the practice of a technical subject or art, as opposed to or arising out of the theory of it” (TNSOED 1993 vol. 2: 2317 and 2321). 3 On the question about the sources of art or design ideas see the book Sources of Architectural Form. A Critical History of Western Design Theory (Gelernter 1995). 4 See the article “Bête comme un peintre? Towards an Epistemology for Visual Arts” (Refsum 2002).

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