reflective practice (1)

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1. What do you think I do? 2. How do I travel to work every day? 3. How old am I? 4. What kind of education have I had? 5. Where do you think I grew up? 6. How do you think I’m feeling?

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1. What do you think I do?

2. How do I travel to work every day?

3. How old am I?

4. What kind of education have I had?

5. Where do you think I grew up?

6. How do you think I’m feeling?

What is Reflective Practice?

Dumbledore: "I use the Pensieve. One simply

siphons the excess thoughts from one's mind,

pours them into the basin, and examines them at

one's leisure. It becomes easier to spot patterns

and links, you understand, when they are in this

form."

‘Serious thought or

consideration’ OED, 2009

‘It is not sufficient simply to have an experience in

order to learn. Without reflecting upon this

experience it may quickly be forgotten, or its learning

potential lost. It is from the feelings and thoughts

emerging from this reflection that generalisations or

concepts can be generated. And it is generalisations

that allow new situations to be tackled effectively.’

(Gibbs 1988)

‘… a form of mental processing with a purpose

and/or anticipated outcome that is applied to

relatively complex or unstructured ideas for which

there is not an obvious solution’.

Moon 1999 pp23

ProgressPerspective

Learning

Possibilities

Mistakes

‘We reflect in order to:

● Consider the process of our own learning – a process of metacognition

● Critically review something - our own behaviour, that of others or the product of

behaviour (e.g. an essay, book, painting etc.)

● Build theory from observations: we draw theory from generalisations - sometimes in

practical situations, sometimes in thoughts or a mixture of the two

● Engage in personal or self development

● Make decisions or resolve uncertainty …

● Empower or emancipate ourselves as individuals (and then it is close to self-

development) or to empower/emancipate ourselves within the context of our social

groups.’

(Ibid pp23)

Reflection on action

Reflection in action

Scohn

Reflection in action Reflection on action

What do you think, in the

moment, would lead to

success?

What do you think, after the

moment, would have lead to a

greater level of success?

● Experiencing

● Thinking on your feet

● Thinking about what to do next

● Acting straight away

● Making informed judgements and

decisions

● Thinking about something that has

happened

● Thinking what you would do differently

next time

● Taking your time

● Judging levels of success

Reflection in action Reflection on action

You are in a lecture and keep being

distracted by thinking about what to have

for lunch!

You want to get the most from the lecture

so need to find a way to help you focus.

You decide to start making some notes of

the key points.

You notice that sometimes after a lecture

you can’t remember what was covered.

You find out about the lecture topic in

advance and write down some questions

you want answered. You make notes

during the lecture to help you focus.

You arrange to go for a coffee after the

lecture and talk with your peers about what

was presented, to help you understand and

form your own opinions.

You file your lecture notes and any

handouts.

Kolb

Gibb

Rolfe

Borton

Johns

Smyth

Descriptive Writing

Descriptive Reflection

Critical Reflection

Account 1

‘I had to talk about the project that I am on. I was confident but I

did spend quite a bit of time preparing. During the presentation I

became nervous when I realised they were all waiting for me to

speak and my nerves made my voice wobble. Afterwards I was

disappointed that my presentation did not seem to have gone

well. My boss suggested that I do a presentation to the team

next week to improve my performance.’

Account 2

‘I was scared about not saying the right things and not being able to answer questions

properly. I did a presentation in my course at university and had felt the same about it

initially.

During the presentation I realise that I was desperately trying to prove that I could

present as well as my colleague. I wanted to impress everyone. Early on it went

wrong and I began to panic. Trying to pretend I was confident made the situation

worse because I did not admit I needed help. The more I spoke, the more my voice

wobbled.

Following on from the presentation, my self esteem is low at work now. However,

partly through talking over the presentation and the things that went wrong, I can see

several areas that I could get better. I am hoping to have a chance to practice with

some of the team.’

Account 3

‘I had to talk about the project that I am on. I spent quite a bit of time preparing it in the

way that I have seen others make similar presentations.

When it came to the presentation, I really wanted to do it well – as well as the

presentations were done the week before. Maybe I wanted too much to do well? My

efforts to be calm failed and my voice went wobbly – that’s how it felt to me anyway.

My colleague said afterwards that I looked quite calm despite what I was feeling.

In the event, the session was a disaster and has left me feeling uncomfortable in my

work and I even worry about it at home. I need to think about why a simple

presentation could have such an effect on me.

I am feeling more positive generally and I can begin to analyse what I could do better

in the presentation. It is interesting to see the change in my attitude after a week. I

need to think from the beginning about the process of giving a good presentation.’

What do you think I do?

How do I travel to work every day?

How old am I?

What kind of education have I had?

Where do you think I grew up?

How do you think I’m feeling?

‘Without reflection, we go blindly on our way,

creating more unintended consequences, and

failing to achieve anything useful.’Margaret J. Wheatley

‘Follow effective action with quiet reflection.

From the quiet reflection will come even more

effective action.’Peter Drucker