reflections on the mdgs, and post-2015, from europe and central asia

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Reflections on the MDGs, and post- 2015, from Europe and Central Asia Ben Slay, Elena Danilova-Cross Regional Poverty Reduction Practice UNDP, Europe and Central Asia December 2013

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Reflections on the MDGs, and post-2015, from Europe and Central Asia. Ben Slay, Elena Danilova-Cross Regional Poverty Reduction Practice UNDP, Europe and Central Asia December 2013. MDGs: General sources of controversy. Not directly linked to the Millennium Declaration Focus on: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Reflections on the MDGs, and post-2015, from Europe and Central Asia

Reflections on the MDGs, and post-2015, from Europe and Central Asia

Ben Slay, Elena Danilova-Cross

Regional Poverty Reduction PracticeUNDP, Europe and Central Asia

December 2013

Page 2: Reflections on the MDGs, and post-2015, from Europe and Central Asia

MDGs: General sources of controversy

• Not directly linked to the Millennium Declaration

• Focus on:– National aggregates, not

vulnerable groups– Extreme poverty, not sustainable

development• Tensions between:– Targets, indicators for the same

goal– Data: International, national

sources

Page 3: Reflections on the MDGs, and post-2015, from Europe and Central Asia

MDGs in Europe and Central Asia: Particularly rough sledding

• Many middle-income countries• Weak identification with the “South”• Inequality, exclusion as important as poverty• Data issues (inadequate statistical capacity)• ODA relatively unimportant• MDGs nationalized, localized– Certain problems solved . . .– . . . Others created

Page 4: Reflections on the MDGs, and post-2015, from Europe and Central Asia

Income poverty in the region: Relatively unimportant

ECA LAC MENA East Asia Global SSA South Asia

1%7%

3%

14%22%

48%

36%

15%

34%

58%

69% 71%

91%95%

$1.25/day $4.30/day

World Bank 2008 POVCALNET data (in PPP terms).

Page 5: Reflections on the MDGs, and post-2015, from Europe and Central Asia

Remittances matter more than ODA

Tajikistan Armenia Kyrgyzstan Georgia Kosovo*

8.4

3.8

3.02.2

1.8

Ratio of remittance inflows to ODA receipts (2011)

• Four of the world’s eight largest remittance recipient economies are in the region

• For most LICs, LMICs, remittances are much larger than ODA inflows

World Bank, IMF, OECD data; UNDP calculations. * As per UNSC resolution 1244 (1999).

Page 6: Reflections on the MDGs, and post-2015, from Europe and Central Asia

Is the region an exception? Or is it the post-2015 future?

• Middle-income countries?– Most of the world’s poor are in MICs

• Inequality, exclusion, as well as poverty?– Broad support for inequality-related post-2015

GDGs• ODA is relatively unimportant?– Global ODA: stagnant at best

• Nationalization and localization?– If post-2015 SDGs are made universal, they will be

nationalized and localized, in order to be relevant

Page 7: Reflections on the MDGs, and post-2015, from Europe and Central Asia

Possible lessons from the region (I)

• Nationalization comparability issues– Pay attention to nationalized SDGs– Don’t just report on global targets

• Details of nationalization, localization processes matter– Needed: national ownership

• Ideally, nationalized SDGs should be codified in national legislation, policy documents

– Needed: Guidelines, best practice descriptions• Designation of SDG targets/indicators should be

aligned with national statistical capacity– Capacity building agenda?

Page 8: Reflections on the MDGs, and post-2015, from Europe and Central Asia

Possible lessons from the region (II)

• Inequalities, vulnerabilities:– They matter– They should be better measured

• Go beyond the Gini coefficient– Examples from UNDP’s work in this region:• Social exclusion:

– 2011 regional HDR adapted, applied EC social exclusion indicators to developing economies in the region

– Decade of monitoring Roma vulnerability indicators• Sustainability: Armenia’s “affordable human

development index”

Page 9: Reflections on the MDGs, and post-2015, from Europe and Central Asia

Thank you very much!

Questions? Comments?

For a copy of the paper from which this presentation is drawn, please be in touch with:

[email protected], [email protected]