refining of recycled fibers ta - twntappi of recycled fibers.pdf- a key to upgrading of fiber...
TRANSCRIPT
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2010 10 / CGK 1
磨漿技術及配料,填料的添加
Paper technology program2010 08 26Taichung, Taiwan
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2010 10 / CGK 2
Refining of recycled fibers
- A key to upgrading of fiber potential for papermaking
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2010 10 / CGK 3
Once refined fibers should not be refined again
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2010 10 / CGK 4
History of recycled fibers
Dried or never dried virgin fibershave passed through the stockpreparation and papermakingprocesses
Printing and converting processeshave produced various readingand packaging materials foreveryday use
Which have then been collected for a further use in the papermaking• Has often been the only papermaking fiber in some countries• Is today more and more used in all papermaking countries
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2010 10 / CGK 5
Treatment of recycled fibersCollected recycled fiber pulp contains variousharmful foreign materials
Those are either removed ormade to non-visible particles
But the bonding ability of fibersis not always properly developed
And the result very often is ?
Clean fibers with a low bonding ability requiring a highamount of expensive chemical binders
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2010 10 / CGK 6
Why refine recycle fibers
Fibers are refined inorder to improve their bonding ability
In the papermaking process, fiber bonding ability has weakened
Recycled fibers are no longer optimal paper raw materials as such
- Irreversible changes- Deinking has cleaned fibers- Bonding ability of recycled fibers can be improved through refining
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2010 10 / CGK 7
Recycled fibers for papermaking
Never dried pulps from ownrecycled fiber plant
Dried market pulps fromcommercial plants
• Previous severe pressing and drying in papermaking have createdhornification and other irreversible changes in the fiber structure
Some fines have been removedHot dispersion has created curly and kinky fibersFlash drying has created strong fiber bundles
In most cases these fibers are not always ready for papermaking as:
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2010 10 / CGK 8
Stock preparation for recycled fibersIs needed as for all other papermaking fibers
Never dried pulps from own recycled fiber plant
Dried market pulps fromcommercial plants
• The previous history of fibers• The targets in the papermaking• Recycled fiber can be used as a filler• Recycled fiber can give strength
Need of stock preparation stages and the amount of treatmentin those stages depend on
• Slushing• Deflaking• Refining
• Refining
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2010 10 / CGK 9
Refining of recycled fibersWhy to refine recycled fibers?
Because once refined fiber hasbeen developed to give a goodbonding ability
But once through the paper-making process has reducedthat bonding ability
Once so nicely developed fibers are not any more in their best condition for the next use in papermaking• Severe drying and pressing forces have created irreversible
changes (hornification and closed fibrils)• Recycled fiber treatment process has cleaned but not
necessarily developed the fibers
and
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2010 10 / CGK 10
Targets of the recycled fiber refining
Regenerate the swelling and the bonding ability of fibers
This can be reachedwith all refiners but wrong refining hasso strong negativeeffect that it can bebest not to perform it
• Shorten the fibers• Weaken the fibers• Increase the dewatering resistance• Reduce the bulk
These negative effects canbest be minimized by usingsuitable refiners with correct selection of fillings which enableto get the best out of recycled fiber
It is desirable It is not desirable
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2010 10 / CGK 11
Development of market DIP
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Tensile Tear Fibre length Bulk Porosity
%
Unr
efin
ed m
arke
t as
100
%
Unrefined = 135 CSF 27 kWh/t = 123 CSF48 kWh/t = 114 CSF 77 kWh/t = 93 CSF
36.8 Nm/g 6.89 mNm2/g 1.18 mm 2.35 cm3/g 350 ml/minUnrefined
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2010 10 / CGK 12
Fiber development of DIP
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Tensile Burst Tear Fiber length Bulk
%
Unr
efin
ed m
arke
d as
100
%
Unrefined = 235 CSF 50 kWh/t = 170 CSF100 kWh/t = 125 CSF 150 kWh/t = 95 CSF
26.2 Nm/g 1.30 kPam2/g 7.38 mNm2/g 1.23 mm 2.05 cm3/gUnrefined
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2010 10 / CGK 13
Fiber development of OCC
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Tensile Burst Tear Fiber length Bulk
%
Unr
efin
ed m
arke
d as
100
%
Unrefined = 620 CSF 50 kWh/t = 560 CSF100 kWh/t = 460 CSF 150 kWh/t = 360 CSF
24.1 Nm/g 1.36 kPam2/g 8.30 mNm2/g 1.35 mm 2.07 cm3/gUnrefined
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2010 10 / CGK 14
Fiber development of OCC
02550
75100125150
175200225250
275300
TEA Scott Bond CMT 30 RCT
%
Unr
efin
ed m
arke
d as
100
%
Unrefined = 620 CSF 50 kWh/t = 560 CSF100 kWh/t = 460 CSF 150 kWh/t = 360 CSF
0.28 J/g 84 J/m2 82 N 1.19 kN/mUnrefined
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2010 10 / CGK 15
Development of white kraft waste
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Tensile Tear Burst Bulk
%
Unr
efin
ed m
arke
d as
100
%
Unrefined = 440 CSF 25 kWh/t = 415 CSF50 kWh/t = 375 CSF 75 kWh/t = 285 CSF
25.0 Nm/g 10.0 mNm2/g 2.2 kPam2/g 1.8 cm3/gUnrefined
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2010 10 / CGK 16
Fiber development of AOCC
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Schopper Tensile Burst Tear
%
Unr
efin
ed m
arke
d as
100
%
0 kWh/t = 540 CSF 43 kWh/t = 430 CSF86 kWh/t = 355 CSF
23 SR 32.5 Nm/g 1.9 kPam2/g 13.2 mNm2/gUnrefined
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2010 10 / CGK 17
Fiber development of AOCC
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
Fiber length Bulk TEA Scott Bond
%
Unr
efin
ed m
arke
d as
100
%
0 kWh/t = 540 CSF 43 kWh/t = 430 CSF86 kWh/t = 355 CSF
1.50 mm 2.28 cm3/g 0.49 J/g 90 J/m2Unrefined
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2010 10 / CGK 18
Change of recycled pulp beating degree (CSF) in refining
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2010 10 / CGK 19
Change of recycled pulp beating degree (SR) in refining
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2010 10 / CGK 20
How refining of recycled pulp affects paper tensile strength
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2010 10 / CGK 21
How beating degree of recycled pulp affects paper tensile index
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2010 10 / CGK 22
How refining of recycled pulp affects paper tear index
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2010 10 / CGK 23
How refining affects the average fiber length of recycled pulp
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2010 10 / CGK 24
How refining of recycled pulp affects paper bulk development
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2010 10 / CGK 25
How refining of recycled pulp affects paper air permeability
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2010 10 / CGK 26
How refining affects the shives content of recycled pulp
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2010 10 / CGK 27
How refining of recycled pulp affects paper bursting index
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2010 10 / CGK 28
Refining process
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2010 10 / CGK 29
Stator
Rotor
Stator Stator
Stator Stator Stator
Rotor Rotor
Rotor Rotor Rotor
Fiber bundle
Refined area
Fiber pick-up Edge to edge Edge to surface
Surface to surface Surface to surface End of refining
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2010 10 / CGK 30
Fibers stapling on rotor bar edge
Good stapling• Strong vortex• Strong centrifugal force• Weak force along groove
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2010 10 / CGK 31
Refiner flow pattern
Rotor
Stator
Grooves must be wide enough for fibers• they must be able to rotate in grooves• the longer the fibers the wider the grooves
Vortex flows get fibers stapled on bar edges
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2010 10 / CGK 32
The effect of refining
• Strength properties generally, like tensile, burst and internal bonding strength are increased
kWh/t
TENSILE STRENGTH
Cutting
Fibrillating
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2010 10 / CGK 33
The effect of refining
• Tear strength is initially increased, but is then reduced after prolonged refining
kWh/t
TEAR STRENGTH
Cutting
Fibrillating
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2010 10 / CGK 34
The effect of refining
• Drainage resistance and water removal resistance are increased
kWh/t
REFINING DEGREE, SR
Cutting
Fibrillating
kWh/t
REFINING DEGREE, CSF
Cutting
Fibrillating
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2010 10 / CGK 35
The effect of refining
• Air permeability, bulk, absorbency, opacity, brightness and light scattering are reduced
kWh/t
BULK
Cutting
Fibrillating
kWh/t
LIGHT SCATTERING COEFFICIENT
Cutting
Fibrillating
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2010 10 / CGK 36
kWh/t
FIBER LENGTH
The effect of refining
Cutting
Fibrillating
• Fiber length are reduced
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2010 10 / CGK 37
Refiners
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2010 10 / CGK 38
Refiners - batchwise operatedHollander - Beater
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2010 10 / CGK 39
Refiners Geometry
Conical Refiners Disc Refiners
Low coneShallow angle
“Jordan”
Short coneShallow angle
“Conflo”
Short coneWide angle
“Claflin”
SingleDisc
DoubleDisc
Multidisc
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2010 10 / CGK 40
Conical refiner
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2010 10 / CGK 41
Conical refiner
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2010 10 / CGK 42
Conical refiner
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2010 10 / CGK 43
Disc refiners
• The disc refiner group comprises three types, namely single-disc, double-disc and Multi-disc type refiners
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2010 10 / CGK 44
TriConic® System
Adjustment Mechanism
Rotating ElementMain Body Construction
Rotor Centralizing System
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2010 10 / CGK 45
Andritz Papillon refiner
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2010 10 / CGK 46
Andritz Papillon refiner
Refining gap open
Plates in refining position
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2010 10 / CGK 47
The amount of refiningBeating degree / Net refining energy
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
NET REFINING ENERGY, kWh/bdmt
BEA
TIN
G D
EGR
EE,
CSF
Ml
2*150 kWh/bdmt4*75 kWh/bdmt
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
NET REFINING ENERGY, SRE kWh/bdmt
BEA
TIN
G D
EGR
EE,
°SR
2*150 kWh/bdmt4*75 kwh/bdmt
Short fiber
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2010 10 / CGK 48
The amount of refiningTensile index / Refining energy input
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
NET REFINING ENERGY, kWh/bdmt
TEN
SILE
IND
EX,
Nm
/g
2*150 kWh/bdmt4*75 kWh/bdmt
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
TOTAL REFINING ENERGY, kWh/bdmt
TEN
SILE
IND
EX,
Nm
/g
2*150 kWh/bdmt4*75 kWh/bdmt
Short fiber
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2010 10 / CGK 49
The amount of refiningTensile index / Beating degree
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
BEATING DEGREE, CSF Ml
TEN
SILE
IND
EX, N
m/g
2*150 kWh/bdmt4*75 kWh/bdmt
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
10 20 30 40 50 60
BEATING DEGREE, °SR
TEN
SILE
IND
EX, N
m/g
2*150 kWh/bdmt4*75 kWh/bdmt
Short fiber
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2010 10 / CGK 50
The amount of refiningTensile index / Refining energy input
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
NET REFINING ENERGY, kWh/bdmt
TEN
SILE
IND
EX,
Nm
/g
2*150 kWh/bdmt4*75 kWh/bdmt
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
TOTAL REFINING ENERGY, kWh/bdmt
TEN
SILE
IND
EX,
Nm
/g
2*150 kWh/bdmt4*75 kWh/bdmt
Short fiber
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2010 10 / CGK 51
The amount of refiningTensile index / Tear index
Short fiber
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2010 10 / CGK 52
The amount of refiningTensile index / Fiber length
Short fiber
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2010 10 / CGK 53
Refining process
90m/s – 110m/s40m/s – 50m/s15m/s – 25m/sRotor linear speed
30% - 35%10% - 20%2% - 6%Consistency
High consistency refining
Medium consistency refining
Low consistency refining
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2010 10 / CGK 54
Refining resultHC vs LC refining
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2010 10 / CGK 55
Refining resultHC vs LC refining
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2010 10 / CGK 56
HC+LC Refining system
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2010 10 / CGK 57
Refining systemEnergy input / split per stage
• Max. specific surface load at achieved refining degree must be taken into account as shown earlier, e.g. for softwood:
130 kWh/t 120 kWh/t 100 kWh/t
15 SR35 SR
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2010 10 / CGK 58
Refiner fillingsGeometry
• Typically metallic stainless steel fillings / segments are used. The basic design parameters are width of bars and grooves, height of bars and angle of bars.
• The optimal fillings are selected based on fibers, so that long and strong fibers require wider bars and grooves than shorter fibers.
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2010 10 / CGK 59
Refiner fillingsGeometry
Application
Hardwood
Mixed pulp
Softwood
Fibrillating
Cutting
Bar width, mm
2.0…3.0
3.5
4.0…5.5
4.0…8.0
2.5…4.5
Groove width, mm
3.0…4.0
4.5
5.0…7.0
3.0…5.0
7.0…9.0
In general the bar width is about 2 ~ 3 times of fiber length
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2010 10 / CGK 60
α
Refiner fillingsIntersecting angle
• The bar to bar crossing angle varies from 10° to 40° depending on fibers, long fibers having greater angle.
• Too small angle increases noise level.
• Too big angle increases energy consumption and decreases hydraulic capacity.
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2010 10 / CGK 61
Cutting edge length calculation
• CEL = Zr × Zst × l
• 12 segments in both rotor and statorfour 315mm long bartwo 210mm long bartwo 105mm long bar
• Cutting edge lengthZ1 96×96×0.105 = 967.7m/revZ2 72×72×0.105 = 544.3m/revZ3 48×48×0.105 = 241.9m/revTotal 1753.9m/rev
l1
l2
l3
30°
α=18°
Z1
Z2
Z3
l=100mm
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2010 10 / CGK 62
Amount of refiningTypical specific refining energy
• NBKP 10 … 15 kWh/t/oSR
• LBKP 7 … 10 kWh/t/oSR
• Recycled fiber DIP 5 … 7 kWh/t/oSR
• Recycled fiber OCC 7 … 10 kWh/t/oSR
• NUKP 15 … 17 kWh/t/oSR
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2010 10 / CGK 63
Refining intensitySpecific Edge Load, typical figures
• Softwood, weak 2.0…4.0 J/m• Softwood, strong 4.0…6.0 J/m
• Hardwood, weak 0.4…0.8 J/m• Hardwood, strong 0.8…1.5 J/m• Recycled fiber, weak 0.4…2.0 J/m• Recycled fiber, strong 2.0…4.0 J/m• Post refining of
mechanical pulps 0.7…1.5 J/m• Reject refining in
chemical pulp mill 0.5…2.0 J/m
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2010 10 / CGK 64
Amount of refiningTypical inputs in one pass
• NBKP 60 … 200 kWh/t
• LBKP 40 … 80 kWh/t
• Recycled fiber 20 … 100 kWh/t
• Post refining of mechanical pulps 30 … 80 kWh/t
• Trim refining 20 … 50 kWh/t
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2010 10 / CGK 65
According to specific edge load theory beatingresult must be equal supposing that net refiningenergy Ws/m or J/m is equal.
It does not consider the width of the bars.
1 m 1 m
Narrow or wide bars?
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2010 10 / CGK 66
Low-consistency refiningSpecific Edge Load vs Specific Surface Load
• The specific surface load theory is valid when the fiber floc cover the whole width of bar surface
3,7 J/m1210 J/m²
3,7 J/m704 J/m²
3,7 J/m440 J/m²
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
10 20 30 40Refining Degree, SR
Tens
ile In
dex,
Nm
/g
BL Pine sulphate
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2010 10 / CGK 67
Refining system
Continuous refining at 4.0 – 5.0% consistencyRefiner control is based on net refining energy
- kHh/t controlCSF control is not recommended
- incoming freeness is not constantControl system requires :
- consistency control before refiners- flow control after refiners
Circulation back to pump suction is recommended if flow variations are too high
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2010 10 / CGK 68
Recommended refining conditions for dried DIP
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2010 10 / CGK 69
Recommended refining conditions
以脫墨漿(DIP)為例:
- 磨漿能耗 : 30 – 80 kWh/BDMT- 低濃磨漿機 : 一段或兩段串聯運轉- 每段最高磨漿能量 : 60 kWh/BDMT- 磨漿濃度 : 4.0 ~ 5.0%, 纖維愈短濃度宜愈高- 刀棒寬 : 2.5 ~ 3.5 mm- 有效緣角效率(SEL) : 0.9 ~ 1.8 J/m
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2010 10 / CGK 70
Refining Sizing – excises
1 ) Freeness drop : 10oSR 2 ) SRE : 80 kWh/BDMT ( 7 – 10 kWh/BDMT/oSR )
2 stages of refiner needed (Max 60 kWh/Ton/Stage )3 ) Production : 200 Ton/Day – 8.34 Ton/Hrs
NE : 80 x 8.34 = 668 kW ; 334 kW per refiner2 ) SEL : 0.9 - 1.8 J/M3 ) Motor speed : 720 rpm = 12 rps4 ) Cutting length selection : ( SEL = NE / Cl x rps )
Case 1 : 2 stage refining : 0. 9 – 1.8 = 334 / Cl x 12 Cl = 31.0 – 15.5 kM
Case 2 : 1 stage refining : 0.9 – 1.8 = 668 / Cl x 12Cl = 62.0 – 31.0 kM
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2010 10 / CGK 71
Refining of recycled fibersSummary
• A moderate low-consistency refining system can be used for improving the paper-technical properties of recycled pulps.
• The total refining energy consumption for conical refiners is normally within the range of 30 to 60 kWh/t.
• Refining conditions must be well selected to avoid overrefining or other faults and disturbances. Refining will straighten curly recycled fibers and improve their bonding, which will improve the settlement of fibers to the paper. Improved bonding ability enables an increase of the recycled fibers fraction in the paper pulp, which will reduce the amount of chemical pulp needed.
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2010 10 / CGK 72
Paper board
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2010 10 / CGK 73
LPBRunnability, cleanliness, purity, strengthMilk, juices
WLCAppearance, runnabilityPaper products
WLC, SUSStrength, purityToys, games
WLC, FBBAppearanceTextiles, clothing, footwear
WLCStrengthHousehold durables, hobby items
WLC, SUSStrength, runnabilityDetergents
FBB, WLCIdentification, runnabilityPharmaceuticals
SBS, FBBRunnability, odor and taint free, appearanceCigarettes, tobacco
FBB, SBSAttractive appearanceCosmetics, toiletries
SUSStrengthBottle carriers
FBB, SBSAttractive appearance, purity, cleanliness, odor and taint freeConfectionery
WLCRunnabilityIndirect food
SBS, SUSStrength, barrier, purity, cleanliness, runnabilityFrozen food
FBBPurity, cleanliness, runnabilityDirect food
Cartonboard gradeSpecial requirementsProduct
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2010 10 / CGK 74
Stiffness
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2010 10 / CGK 75
Paperboard grades
Folding boxboard
White lined chipboard
Solid bleached board
Solid unbleached board
Bleached
Unbleached
Liquid packaging board
Cartonboards
KraftlinerRecycled
Mottled
Linerboard
SemichemicalRecycled
Corrugating medium
Containerboards
Core board
Plaster board
Book binder board
Woodpulp board
Others
Special boards
Paperboard grades
Brown
White top
Wall paper base
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2010 10 / CGK 76
Paperboard grades
Folding boxboard
White lined chipboard
Solid bleached board
Solid unbleached board
Bleached
Unbleached
Liquid packaging board
Cartonboards
KraftlinerRecycled
Mottled
Linerboard
SemichemicalRecycled
Corrugating medium
Containerboards
Core board
Plaster board
Book binder board
Woodpulp board
Others
Special boards
Paperboard grades
Brown
White top
Wall paper base
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2010 10 / CGK 77
Folding boxboard
White lined chipboard
Solid bleached board
Solid unbleached board
Bleached
Unbleached
Liquid packaging board
Cartonboards
KraftlinerRecycled
Mottled
Linerboard
SemichemicalRecycled
Corrugating medium
Containerboards
Core board
Plaster board
Book binder board
Woodpulp board
Others
Special boards
Paperboard grades
Brown
White top
Wall paper base
Folding boxboard (FBB)
-
2010 10 / CGK 78
Definition
• Typical quality values for high quality product
– Basis weight : 180-400 g/m²– Bulk : 1.35-1.70 cm³/g– Stiffness Taber (CD) : > 4.5 mNm (250 g/m²) – PPS : 1.0-1.5 µm– Gloss : 45-60 %– Brightness : 80-84 %– Ply bond : >150 J/m²
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2010 10 / CGK 79
DOUBLE OR TRIPLE COATING
TOP PLY BLEACHED HW / BLEACHED SWPIGMENT 0 - 8 %
FILLER PGW, SGW, BCTMPPLY OWN BROKE
BACK PLY BLEACHED HW / BLEACHED SWBCTMP
OPTIONAL SINGLE COATINGHW Hardwood Kraft pulpSW Softwood Kraft pulpPGW Pressurized Groundwood pulpSGW Stone Groundwood pulpBCTMP Bleached Chemithermomechanical pulp
Furnish structure
THREE PLY FBB
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2010 10 / CGK 80
Folding boxboard
White lined chipboard
Solid bleached board
Solid unbleached board
Bleached
Unbleached
Liquid packaging board
Cartonboards
KraftlinerRecycled
Mottled
Linerboard
SemichemicalRecycled
Corrugating medium
Containerboards
Core board
Plaster board
Book binder board
Woodpulp board
Others
Special boards
Paperboard grades
Brown
White top
Wall Paper base
White lined chipboard (WLC)
-
2010 10 / CGK 81
Definition
• Typical quality values for high quality product
– Basis weight : 200-450 g/m²– Bulk : 1.20-1.35 cm³/g– Stiffness Taber : > 3.5 mNm (250 g/m²) – PPS : 1.5-2.0 µm– Gloss : 40-50 %– Brightness : 78-80 %– Ply bond : >150 J/m²
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2010 10 / CGK 82
Furnish structure
DOUBLE OR TRIPLE COATING
TOP PLY BLEACHED HW / BLEACHED SWWHITE LEDGER
UNDERTOP DIPPLY WHITE LEDGER
BCTMP, GW
FILLER OCC, MW, ONP, OMPPLY SGW, PGW
OWN BROKE
UNDERBACK OCC, ONP , DIPPLY
BACK PLY BLEACHED HW / BLEACHED SWONP, OCC
OPTIONAL: SINGLE COATING
HW Hardwood Kraft pulpSW Softwood Kraft pulpPGW Pressurized Groundwood pulpSGW Stone Groundwood pulpBCTMP Bleached Chemithermomechanical pulp
DIP Deinked pulpOCC Old Corrugated ContainersOMP Old Magazine PaperONP Old Newsprint
FIVE PLY WLC
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2010 10 / CGK 83
Folding boxboard
White lined chipboard
Solid bleached board
Solid unbleached board
Bleached
Unbleached
Liquid packaging board
Cartonboards
KraftlinerRecycled
Mottled
Linerboard
SemichemicalRecycled
Corrugating medium
Containerboards
Core board
Plaster board
Book binder board
Woodpulp board
Others
Special boards
Paperboard grades
Brown
White top
Wall paper base
Solid bleached sulfate (SBS)
-
2010 10 / CGK 84
Definition
• Typical quality values for high quality product
– Basis weight : 180-350 g/m²– Bulk : 1.10-1.25 cm³/g – Stiffness Taber (CD) : > 3.0 mNm (250 g/m²)– PPS : 1.0-1.5 µm– Gloss : 35-75 % (different grades)– Brightness : 86-90 %– Ply bond : >130 J/m²
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2010 10 / CGK 85
ONE PLY SOLID BOARDDOUBLE OF TRIPLE COATING
FILLER: BLEACHED HW / BLEACHED SWPLY OWN BROKE
OPTIONAL: SINGLE COATING
THREE PLY SOLID BOARDDOUBLE OR TRIPLE COATING
TOP PLY: BLEACHED HW / BLEACHED SW
FILLER : BLEACHED HW / BLEACHED SWPLY BCTMP
OWN BROKE
BACK PLY: BLEACHED HW / BLEACHED SW
OPTIONAL: SINGLE OR DOUBLE COATINGHW Hardwood Kraft pulpSW Softwood Kraft pulpBCTMP Bleached Chemithermomechanical pulp
Furnish structureArt board (Far East)
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2010 10 / CGK 86
Folding boxboard
White lined chipboard
Solid bleached board
Solid unbleached board
Bleached
Unbleached
Liquid packaging board
Cartonboards
KraftlinerRecycled
Mottled
Linerboard
SemichemicalRecycled
Corrugating medium
Containerboards
Core board
Plaster board
Book binder board
Woodpulp board
Others
Special boards
Paperboard grades
Brown
White top
Wall paper base
Solid unbleached board (SUB)
-
2010 10 / CGK 87
Definition
• Typical quality values for coated SUB
– Basis weight : 280-450 g/m²– Bulk : 1.2-1.4 cm³/g– Sheffield : 80-145 SU– PPS : 1.9-2.5 µm– Hunter Gloss : 45-55 %– Brightness : 76-80 %– Ply bond : >150 J/m²
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2010 10 / CGK 88
TWO PLYDOUBLE COATING
TOP PLY: UNBLEACHED HW / UNBLEACHED SWOWN BROKE
BASE PLY: UNBLEACHED SW
THREE PLYDOUBLE OR TRIPLE COATING
TOP PLY: UNBLEACHED HW / UNBLEACHED SW
FILLER : UNBLEACHED HW / UNBLEACHED SWCTMPOCCBROKE
BASE PLY: UNBLEACHED SWHW Hardwood Kraft pulpSW Softwood Kraft pulpCTMP Chemithermomechanical pulp
Furnish structureCarrier board
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2010 10 / CGK 89
Folding boxboard
White lined chipboard
Solid bleached board
Solid unbleached board
Bleached
Unbleached
Liquid packaging board
Cartonboards
KraftlinerRecycled
Mottled
Linerboard
SemichemicalRecycled
Corrugating medium
Containerboards
Core board
Plaster board
Book binder board
Woodpulp board
Others
Special boards
Paperboard grades
Brown
White top
Wall paper base
Liquid packaging board (LPB)
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2010 10 / CGK 90
Definition
• Typical quality values for coated LPB
– Basis weight : 180-280 g/m²– Bulk : 1.3-1.6 cm³/g– Stiffness Taber (CD) : > 3.5 mNm (220 g/m²) – PPSS10 : 2.0-3.5 µm (flexo)
: 1.5-2.0 µm (roto)– Brightness : 76-80 % (or higher)– Ply bond : >150 J/m²
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2010 10 / CGK 91
SINGLE PLYUNCOATED OR DOUBLE COATING
FILLER: BLEACHED HW / BLEACHED SWPLY OWN BROKE
THREE PLYDOUBLE OR TRIPLE COATING
TOP PLY: BLEACHED HW / BLEACHED SW
FILLER : BLEACHED HW / BLEACHED SWUNBLEACHED HW / UNBLEACHED SWCTMP
BASE PLY: BLEACHED HW / BLEACHED SWUNBLEACHED HW / UNBLEACHED SW
HW Hardwood Kraft pulpSW Softwood Kraft pulpCTMP Chemithermomechanical pulp
Furnish structure
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2010 10 / CGK 92
Paperboard grades
Folding boxboard
White lined chipboard
Solid bleached board
Solid unbleached board
Bleached
Unbleached
Liquid packaging board
Cartonboards
KraftlinerRecycled
Mottled
Linerboard
SemichemicalRecycled
Corrugating medium
Containerboards
Core board
Plaster board
Book binder board
Woodpulp board
Others
Special boards
Paperboard grades
Brown
White top
Wall paper base
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2010 10 / CGK 93
Containerboard
Open face, Single face, Single wall
Double wall, Triple wall
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2010 10 / CGK 94
Containerboard Grades
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2010 10 / CGK 95
KraftlinerKRAFTLINER (2-PLY)
TOP PLY: Unbleached Kraft pulp (SW)
BASE PLY: Unbleached Kraft pulp (SW) OCCMachine broke
KRAFTLINER (2-PLY)White top
BASE PLY: Unbleached Kraft Pulp (SW)OCCMachine broke
TOP PLY: Bleached Kraft Pulp (mixture of SW/HW)
COATING: Optional
Note: SW = Softwood (Spruce, Fir, Pine)HW = Hardwood (Birch, Eucalyptus, Acasia)
Typical furnish components
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2010 10 / CGK 96
TestlinerTESTLINER (2-PLY)
TESTLINER (4-PLY)
TOP PLY: OCC OCC + mixed waste (LF Fraction)
BASE PLY: OCC OCC + mixed waste (SF Fraction)Mixed wasteMachine Broke
TOP PLY: Unbleached Kraft Pulp, OCCUNDERTOP: OCC, DIP, CPOFILLER PLY: OCC, Mixed Waste, Machine brokeBACK PLY: OCC
TESTLINER (3-PLY)
TOP PLY: Unbleached Kraft Pulp, OCCFILLER PLY: OCC, Mixed waste, Machine brokeBACK PLY: OCC
Typical furnish components
OCC = Old Corrugated ContainersDIP = Deinked Pulp LF, SF = Long Fiber, Short Fiber
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2010 10 / CGK 97
Containerboard grades
Folding boxboard
White lined chipboard
Solid bleached board
Solid unbleached board
Bleached
Unbleached
Liquid packaging board
Cartonboards
KraftlinerRecycled
Mottled
Linerboard
SemichemicalRecycled
Corrugating medium
Containerboards
Core board
Plaster board
Book binder board
Woodpulp board
Others
Special boards
Paperboard grades
Brown
White top
Wall paper base
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2010 10 / CGK 98
Containerboard Grades
-
2010 10 / CGK 99
Corrugating Medium
HW SEMI-CHEM (NSSC)OCC+mixed waste Unbleached kraft pulpOCCMixed wasteBagasse
Typical furnish components
OCC = Old Corrugated ContainersNSSC = Neutral Sulfite SemiChemical