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DOI: 10.1057/9781137365750.0010

Index1950 Constitution 19, 25, 30,

80, 85

Ambedkar, B. R. 80, 84associational life 9, 14, 15,

22–4, 29, 35, 37n16, 47

Banerjee, Abhijit 18, 19, 44, 64n5,

Bihar 12n9, 21, 26, 58, 81bottom up pressures 1, 4–7, 8,

11n3, n11, 16–7, 23–4, 41, 42, 77–8, 83, 91–3, 94, 95

Brazil 10, 65, 66, 68, 76–7, 79–80, 81, 82, 89n3, n5, 94

caste 9, 15, 19, 20, 23, 2, 26, 27, 28, 30, 37n18, 81

caste system 18–9, 35–6n5, n6, 45

features 35n5and social justice 19, 36n7,

69, 79, 82–8, 90and social relations 28–31

Chandhoke, Neera 21, 22, 23, 24, 31

Chatterjee, Partha 22, 30, 31, 38n22, 84

Chhibber, Pradeep 19, 24, 35n4, 43, 45, 66

Chinahealth performance 3–4,

12n8, 13n14social protests 13n15

and India 3–4, 6–7, 11n4“citizen elites” ix, 10, 65,

68–9, 72, 83, 88, 93, 94–5, 97, see also “external actors”

and “external actors” 76–82civil society

activism 7, 9, 14, 15, 17, 22–34, 46, 82, 87, 88,

meaning 22–3, 39n22role of 23–34and caste 23, 28

claims-making 8–10, 15, 16, 70–1

absence of 43–4, 45, 46, 63, 93–4

role of citizen elites/external actors 76–82

for social services 42–44“cognitive liberation” 68, 75,

79collective action

constraints 49–52culture of equality 9, 14, 15,

29, 31

Dahl, Robert 15, 23Dakshinpuri 45, 54–62Das, Gurcharan 4, 42, 66Delhi

public services 46, 52–4democracy

attributes 18–19definition 15–16

Index

DOI: 10.1057/9781137365750.0010

electoral mechanisms 17, 19–20non-electoral mechanisms 17, 19–20,

23–4“paradox of participation” 26and economic growth 3and health 1–3and human development 1–3, 11n2,

17and political competition 17–22and social justice 82–8

“democracy advantage” 3, 11n4“democratic stock” 3discourse 10, 37n16, 62, 68–9, 70–1, 74,

75, 76, 78, 80, 81, 82, 84, 86–8definition 71–4and ideology 72–3

Drèze, Jean 2, 4, 8, 21, 63n1

“electoral connection” thesis 17–8ethnic associations 28, 37n16ethnic diversity/heterogeneity 63n2

and collective action 44, 45and social distance 45and social relations 29and social service provision 44,

47–9ethnic divisions 18ethnic goods 19, 44, 49, 82, 83, 87, 95,

97“external actors” 10, 65, 68, 69, 88, 94,

see also “citizen elites”and citizen elites 76–82

“flailing state” 66, 89n1frames and framing process 10, 68, 69,

71, 74–6, 77, 78, 82, 83, 86, 87–8

Gandhi, Indira 11n5, 35n4,Gandhi, Mohandas 80Gerring, John 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 15, 17, 25, 29,

72, 89n4Gupta, Dipankar ix, x, 10, 65, 68, 77–8Gujarat 5, 21, 37n11, n12, 96

healthdeterminants of 2–3, 4–7

health transition 5, 92human development 5, 8, 9

definition 11n1

ideational changes 28–31ideology

meaning 72, 89n4and discourse 72–3

immunization 6, 11n2, 53, 66infant mortality vii, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 42,India

civil society 23–4, 26–8, 30–1ethnic diversity/heterogeneity 23,

37n15health performance vii, 2–4, 5, 12n9,

43, 53immunization 53, 66infant mortality vii, 2, 3, 4, 12n9,

54, 66nature of democracy 33–4public services 43, 46and China 3–4

intra-community differences 59–62

Jaffrelot, Christophe 20, 26, 27, 35–6n5, 7, n9, 39n24, 80, 84, 85–6

Kaviraj, Sudito 30, 37n16, 38n21, 81, 84Kerala 5, 54, 64n4Krishna, Anirudh 27, 43, 46, 63n1, 66Kumar, Nitish 21

lower castes 19, 20, 36n6, 82, 85–6lower-caste movements 25–6, 27,

39n24 80–1low-income groups 8–9, 10, 27, 41,

42, 43–4, 45–6, 50, 51, 52, 53, 56, 63, 65, 66–8, 87, 88, 89n2, see also subordinate groups

McAdam, Doug 68, 70–1, 74, 75, 79McKeown, Thomas 5–6McGuire, James 6, 8, 12n10, 17, 42, 92Mehta, Pratap Bhanu 7, 8, 9, 15, 19,

26, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 45, 57, 67, 69, 85, 86

Index

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Modi, Narendra vii, viii, 21, 35n4, 37n12, 96

Nathanson, Constance 6, 13n12Nehru, Jawaharlal 35n4, 83–4

O’Donnell, Guillermo 15, 16, 17, 29, 30, 32, 49

other backward classes (OBCs) 19, 83

“passive revolution” 84popular sectors 89n2

agency of 78–9and external actors 76–82

Pritchett, Lant 4, 5, 13n13, 36n10, 42, 66, 89n1

public goodsnature of 50–2

public service provision 5–13, see also social services and social service provision

in Delhi 42–4and ethnic diversity 47–9

“quasi-voluntary compliance” 32

Riley, John 5Rudolph, Susanne 20, 22, 37n18,

85, 86“relational barriers” 9, 15, 30, 95

sanitation vii–viii, 4, 6, 8, 9, 43, 45, 46, 54, 55, 56, 58, 93, 96, 97

scheduled castes (SCs) 19, 83, see also lower castes

scheduled tribes (STs) 19, 83Sen, Amartya 2, 4, 6, 8, 11n1, 13n14, 16,

17, 63n1, 74, 78, 81–2, 88, 93

Snow, David 68, 74, 75, 77social capital 8, 24, 25, 28–30, 37n14,

39n27, 48–9, 95, 97bonding and bridging 28–30definition 22–3

social distance 28, 31, 45, 49meaning 48

social justice 10, 19, 20, 36n7, 42, 68, 76, 79

meaning in India 36n7, 69, 82–8, 94, see also caste and social justice

social service provision 5–13in Delhi 52–4and ethnic diversity 47–9

“social service provision hypothesis” 6Subhash Camp 45, 54–62subordinate groups 1, 9, 10, 14, 15, 24,

30, 31–2, 34–5, 41, 92, 94, 95, 97refers to 89n2and civil society 31, 38–9n23and democracy 32–4and discourse 70–1, 73, 76and “external actors”/”citizen

elites” 68, 69, 78–9and political rights 25–8

Szreter, Simon 4, 5, 28–9, 49

top-down interventions 4–7, 12n11, 42, 78, 92–3, 95

Uphoff, Norman 6, 7, 92Uttar Pradesh 12n9, 26

Varshney, Ashutosh 19, 22, 23, 26, 27, 37n15, 38n20, 39n24, 83, 86, 88, 90n8

Yadav, Yogendra 20–1, 27, 36n7, 87, 95