reference & research w finds
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Reference, Research & Reading
Learning Resources & Instructional MaterialsSecondary SessionJanuary 16th, 2009
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Information Literacy
Sunshine State Standards
FCAT Data
Curriculum Connections
What is Reference and Research?
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Think of students as “Infotectives... a student thinker capable of asking great questions about data in order to convert the data into information
and eventually insight.”
Creating Critical Thinkers
McKenzie, Jamie. (1998). Grazing the Net: Raising a Generation of Free Range Students
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Locates, organizes and interprets information
Uses a variety of reference materials
Synthesizes information into useful information such note cards, spreadsheets and outlines.
Student checks the validity and accuracy of information, strong vs. weak argument
Grades 6-8 Old LA.A 2.3.5 2.3.6 2.3.7 2.3.8
Sunshine State Standards
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NEW Sunshine State Standards
Select a topic for inquiry
Locate, use, and analyze information from text features
Use information from text to answer questions related to main idea
Identify characteristics (structure) of various types of text
Record information related to text
Organize information to show understanding through mapping, paraphrasing, compare and contrast, and summarizing.)
(currently under revision)
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Cognitive Complexity
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Sunshine State Standards BenchmarksGrades 6-8
Item Type
Grade 6Item Type
Grade 7Item Type
Grade 8
LA. A.2.3.5LA.A.2.3.6LA.A.2.3.7LA.A.2.3.8
Multiple Choice
Multiple Choice
Multiple ChoiceShort Response Extended Response
FCAT Item Specifications for Reference and Research
Cluster 4
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Grade 8 Sample Short Response
• Discuss the methods of…. described in the article. Explain why the methods did or did not work. Use details and information from the article to support your answer
• What information in the article supports the author’s statement…. Use details and information from the article to support your answer
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Teaching Implications
When checking comprehension and questioning avoid “literal” references:
Low Level Questions to AVOID!
On what page? In which chapter? In what kind of reference book would you find information about?
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Teaching Implications 6-8
• Practice locating and verifying details, critically analyzing text
• Practice drawing correct conclusions, strong arguments to support answers
• Understanding of text structure and supporting details
• Use of graphic organizers, note-taking, summarizing skills, reading a variety of text
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Typical Distracters for Cluster 4
• Incorrect use of reference materials
• Incorrect or irrelevant information from the resource material
• Incorrect conclusions or generalizations based on the stimulus
Take time to discuss the “why” behind wrong answers
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FCAT Analysis 2007 Grade 6
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FCAT Passage Attributes
• Passage and sources should focus on one or more topics
• Include grade appropriate sources, maps, charts, photos, excerpts, reference materials
• Reference materials should look like those found in textbooks or library reference materials.
• Refer the FCAT Topics for Core Subjects when designing media lessons and projects.
When selecting resources for your instruction:
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Forms of Text
Source: FCAT Handbook––A Resource for Educators
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Cluster 4 Passage Distribution
Source: FCAT Handbook––A Resource for Educators
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Cluster 4 Distribution
Source: FCAT Handbook––A Resource for Educators
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Lessons Learned
Students who can make connections and draw successful conclusions find success in FCAT Cluster 4.
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Grade 6 Cluster 4 Successful students can….
• Draw conclusions; AND
• Identify supporting details that verify the conclusion
• Distinguish between strong and weak support
Source: FCAT Lessons Learned -Data Analyses and Instructional Implications
http://fcat.fldoe.org/lessonslearned.asp
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Grade 7 Cluster 4 Successful students can….
• • Differentiate between validity and accuracy
• • Go back to the text to confirm conclusion
• • Differentiate between characters in a text
Source: FCAT Lessons Learned -Data Analyses and Instructional Implicationshttp://fcat.fldoe.org/lessonslearned.asp
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Grade 8 Cluster 4 Successful students can….
• • Differentiate between validity and accuracy when considering facts
• • Include relevant details to support a response
Source: FCAT Lessons Learned -Data Analyses and Instructional Implications
http://fcat.fldoe.org/lessonslearned.asp
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Reference, Research, & Reading
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Florida Research Model
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FINDS & Sunshine State Standards
Select a topic for inquiry (FOCUS)
Locate, use, and analyze information from text features (INVESTIGATE)
Use information from text to answer questions related to main idea
Identify characteristics (structure) of various types of text
Record information related to text (NOTE & EVALUATE)
Organize information to show understanding through mapping, paraphrasing, compare and contrast, and summarizing. (DEVELOP)
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Use FINDSto guide
your studentsthrough
the researchprocess and
inquiry basedlearning.
FINDSFINDS
http://www.sunlink.ucf.edu/
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What is my assignment or problem to be
solved?
What are my questions?
What information is needed?
FOCUSFOCUS
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InvestigateInvestigateWhere are my
sources located?
What sources should I use?
Where is the information within each
source?
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NOTESNOTES
How do I take notesin my own words?
Which facts do I need to create a
citation?
Do I have all the information I need?
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DEVELOP DEVELOP INFORMATIONINFORMATION
FORFORPRESENTATIONPRESENTATION
How do I present the information?
Are my conclusions based on research?
How do I integrate technology to
enrich, publish, or present my project?
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SCORESCORE
Was my researchprocess efficient
and effective?
Did I present theinformation in the
best way?
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FINDS & Informational Text
FINDS & Fiction
FINDS & Novel Extensions
Instructional Strategies
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FINDS and Informational Text
Pre-Reading: Check out the Framework
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FINDS and Informational Text
During reading: Connect to the main idea with a graphic organizer such as a fishbone
for cause and effect
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FINDS and Informational TextAfter reading: Connect to the main idea by using higher level questioning that requires students to “create” their answer through
application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation.
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FINDS: Digging Deeper with Fiction
“Many children are not so engaged when they read. They don’t know when they’re
comprehending. They don’t know when they are not. They don’t know whether it is critical for
them to comprehend a given piece. And if they don’t comprehend, they don’t know what to do
about it.”
Keene, Ellin Oliver and Zimmerman, Susan. Mosaic of Thought. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1997.
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According to Mosaic of Thought,
proficient readers:
Make different types of connections to the text
Text-to-SelfText-to-Text
Text -to-World
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Spontaneously generate questions
Ask questions to clarify meaning
Recognize that if the answer is not in text, they will need to infer it
Are aware that as they hear other’s questions, new ones are inspired in the their own minds
According to Mosaic of Thought,
proficient readers:
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FINDS and FictionMake connections between different types of
passages with common themes
After reading informational text on a topic, have students
read a literary piece or poem and identify the connection
between the texts
TEXT-TO-TEXT CONNECTION
© Bruce Laurance/Getty Images
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FINDS: Novel ExtensionsIdentify a theme or topic that requires further
research, exploration, or cross-curricular study.
Turn passive readers into active readers by integrating technology and inquiry-based
learning into reading instruction.
Podcasts, Google Lit Trips, E-Zines, wikis and blogs are just a few examples of how
technology can be used to extend novels, giving students a chance for real world application.
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FINDS: Novel Extensions
Google Lit Trips
combine digital
literacy, technolog
y and reading skills.
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FINDS: Novel Extensions
BEEP resource: teachingbooks.net Author Interviews
Multimedia presentations of research through podcasts, student created videos and
Jack Gantos
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FINDS & Informational Text
FINDS & Fiction
FINDS & Novel Extensions
FINDS Re-cap
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LRIM workshops
Online course with Virtual University on FINDS model.
Where can I learn more aboutFINDS and Reference & Research?
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• FCAT Item Specifications
http://fcat.fldoe.org/fcatis01.asp
• Reports on the 2007 Assessment
http://fcat.fldoe.org/fcatflwrites.asp
• FCAT Lessons Learned -Data Analyses and Instructional Implications
http://fcat.fldoe.org/lessonslearned.asp
• FCAT Released Tests & Questions
http://fcat.fldoe.org/fcatrelease.asp
• Florida Achieves
http://cim.florida-achieves.com/
State Instructional Resources: