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Reducing Vulnerability at the Community Level Jo-Ellen Parry, Program Manager [email protected] Adaptation in Eastern and Southern Africa

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Page 1: Reducing Vulnerability at the Community Level Jo-Ellen Parry, Program Manager jparry@iisd.ca Adaptation in Eastern and Southern Africa

Reducing Vulnerability at the Community Level

Jo-Ellen Parry, Program [email protected]

Adaptation in Eastern and Southern Africa

Page 2: Reducing Vulnerability at the Community Level Jo-Ellen Parry, Program Manager jparry@iisd.ca Adaptation in Eastern and Southern Africa

Community-based Adaptation: Context and Rationale The poor, especially those in developing

countries, are particularly vulnerable to climate change

Adaptation is largely a local process: Influenced by ecological, social and economic

factors

Emphasis on building “adaptive capacity” and reducing vulnerability to climate change: Intimate link between adaptation and development Differentiated by the rationale and inputs for

interventions rather than the activities implemented

Page 3: Reducing Vulnerability at the Community Level Jo-Ellen Parry, Program Manager jparry@iisd.ca Adaptation in Eastern and Southern Africa

Integrating Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change into Sustainable Development Policy Planning and Implementation in Eastern and Southern Africa

Project Management Team

National implementation organizations in each of Kenya, Mozambique and Rwanda

Funders

Project Duration: 2005 to 2009

Page 4: Reducing Vulnerability at the Community Level Jo-Ellen Parry, Program Manager jparry@iisd.ca Adaptation in Eastern and Southern Africa

Goals, Objectives, Outcomes Goal:

To reduce the vulnerability of communities to the impacts of climate change, thereby improving their well-being and protecting their livelihoods

Objective: To promote the mainstreaming or integration of vulnerability

and adaptation to climate change into sustainable development plans and planning processes through demonstration projects in Kenya, Mozambique and Rwanda

Outcomes: Generate capacity to implement adaptation measures in the

field Increase capacity to generate and use information about

climate change to affect change in relevant development policies

Increase knowledge of the links between development planning and climate change

Page 5: Reducing Vulnerability at the Community Level Jo-Ellen Parry, Program Manager jparry@iisd.ca Adaptation in Eastern and Southern Africa

Conceptual Framework Selection of

policy/policies to influence

Needs assessment with policy makers

Design of field test that responses to identified needs

Implementation of field level activities

Collection of lessons learned

Identification of policy change recommendations

Actions in support of policy change and mainstreaming

POLICY

FIELDTESTING

Up-Scaling

Down-Scaling

Page 6: Reducing Vulnerability at the Community Level Jo-Ellen Parry, Program Manager jparry@iisd.ca Adaptation in Eastern and Southern Africa

Kenya Pilot ProjectResponding to Drought in Makueni District

Challenge: Growing risk of drought in the arid and semi-arid areas of Kenya and therefore of food insecurity

Target Policy: draft national disaster management policy

Field Level Interventions: Downscaling and communicating climate

forecasts Improving agronomic practices Enhancing water conservation activities Merry-go-round credit scheme

Outcomes to date: Increased agricultural output Replication in other districts expected Climate change in National Disaster Management

Policy Downscaling of seasonal climate forecasts now

policy in arid lands

Page 7: Reducing Vulnerability at the Community Level Jo-Ellen Parry, Program Manager jparry@iisd.ca Adaptation in Eastern and Southern Africa

Mozambique Pilot ProjectCommunity-base Fire Management in Sofala Province Challenge: Growing risk of wild land fires Target Policy: District and provincial level forest and fire

management policies Field Level Interventions:

Introduce community-based preventive measures for wild land fire management

Establish a provincial round table for the coordination of wild land fire management

Acceptance of community-based fire management strategy by district decision makers, creating a model for national policies

Outcomes to date: Training provided in fire

suppression, prevention, preparedness, fighting and management

Provincial round table established to coordinate the collection and sharing of information

Page 8: Reducing Vulnerability at the Community Level Jo-Ellen Parry, Program Manager jparry@iisd.ca Adaptation in Eastern and Southern Africa

Rwanda Pilot ProjectReducing Vulnerability in the Hydroelectric Sector

Challenge: Declining water levels in lakes that support hydropower sector

Target Policy: National energy policy

Field Level Interventions: soil conservation measures income diversification improved water access sustainable energy access

Outcomes to date: Established erosion control structures; tree

nurseries; beekeeping associations; rainwater catchment tanks; improved cookstoves

Page 9: Reducing Vulnerability at the Community Level Jo-Ellen Parry, Program Manager jparry@iisd.ca Adaptation in Eastern and Southern Africa

Lessons Learned: Mainstreaming adaptation into Development Policies Why?

Leverage existing activities Greater long term impact

Possible Strategies: Early and active engagement of decision-makers

and key stakeholders Connect to current priorities and concerns Provide justification needed for decision-making Awareness of windows of opportunities Right messages to the right people in an

appropriate format at the appropriate time

Page 10: Reducing Vulnerability at the Community Level Jo-Ellen Parry, Program Manager jparry@iisd.ca Adaptation in Eastern and Southern Africa

Current Observations Key findings

Need for enhanced access to climate data at the local level

Importance of agriculture improvements for vulnerability reduction

Critical role of district governments

Challenges Climate change information Monitoring and evaluation Capacity variances