red or pale face, blue lips loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea fever runny nose, cough, sore...
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Childhood Illnesses &
Immunizations
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Red or pale face, blue lipsLoss of appetite, vomiting, diarrheaFeverRunny nose, cough, sore throatUnusual or irritable behaviorLethargic, uninterestedRashDifficulty Breathing
Symptoms of Illness
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Fever is a raise in body temperature98.6 F—Normal101 F—Considered a fever105 F or higher—See a doctor
Take temperature in armpit, rectally, or with ear or forehead swipe thermometer
Fever is the body’s way of fighting infectionNot necessary to reduce a mild fever
Ways of treating high feversDress lightly or bathe in cool waterTylenol or Ibuprofen—NO ASPIRIN FOR INFANTS!Lots of clear fluids
Fever
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Common Illnesses that Can Reoccur
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Immune system reaction to rhinovirus infiltrating the lining of the nose and throat
Symptoms:Tickle in the throat or sore throatRunny/stuffy noseCoughHeadacheSometimes a mild fever and loss of appetite
Treatments:Tylenol or Ibuprofen to ease discomfortLots of clear fluidsTime
Common Cold
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Fluid builds up in inner ear (behind eardrum), causing infection
Symptoms:Ear pain (child tugging on ear)Cold-like symptomsLoss of hearing
Treatments:AntibioticsEar tubes for ongoing infections
A small hole is made in eardrum, a “tube” is placed in hole to drain fluid
Ear Infections
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Inflammation/infection of the white of the eye caused by allergies, viruses, or bacteria
Highly contagiousSymptoms:
Swollen red eyeDrainage or extra tearingItching or burningSensitivity to light
Treatments:Medicated eye drops
Conjunctivitis (Pinkeye)
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Bacterial infection in the throat and on the tonsils
Highly contagiousSymptoms:
Sudden, severe sore throatFever over 101 FSwollen tonsils or lymph nodesWhite or yellow spots at back of
a bright red throatTreatments:
Antibiotics
Strep Throat
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Serious Illnessesthat Usually Do
Not Reoccur
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Itchy rash covering the bodyHighly contagiousSymptoms:
Red, itchy skin rash which turns into blistersSometimes headache, abdominal pain, or mild
feverTreatments:
Topical ointmentsCool bath or oatmeal bathTylenol or Ibuprofen for
discomfort
Varicella (Chicken Pox)
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Infection of the skin and lymph nodesVery dangerous for pregnant women—birth
defectsSymptoms:
Mild feverSwollen, sore lymph nodesRash which starts on face
and spreads to rest of bodyTreatments:
Lots of clear fluidsTylenol or Ibuprofen for
discomfort
Rubella (German Measles)
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Infection of the respiratory systemLife-threatening, infants under 6-months at
high riskSymptoms:
Cold-like symptomsDry, irritating cough that
develops into coughing spells“Whooping” soundChild may turn red or purple
Treatments:AntibioticsSometimes hospitalization, IV fluids, and
suctioning of respiratory secretions
Pertussis (Whooping Cough)
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Swollen salivary glandsCan lead to swelling/inflammation of the
brain and other organs or meningitisSymptoms:
High feverHeadacheLarge, swollen cheek and jaw area
Treatments:Tylenol or Ibuprofen for discomfortTime
Mumps
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Devastating virus that attacks the nervous system
Can cause respiratory difficulty, paralysis of arms and legs, and death
Has been virtually eliminated in the US, thanks to vaccine
Treatments:Iron lung (some for a few weeks,
some for life)Some patients paralyzed for life
Polio
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All of these serious illnesses and many others
can be prevented with proper immunization
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Immunization Schedule
Immunizations begin at birth and follow a schedule for the next few years
Children must be up-to-date with immunizations to register for schoolExemptions for medical or non-medical reasons
Some immunizations require boosters later in childhood
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How Vaccines WorkAntigens attack red blood cells
to make a person sickThe body produces Antibodies
specifically designed to fight each Antigen
Vaccines introduce a dead or weakened Antigen into the body
They body produces the correct Antibody for that illness
The body has that Antibody “pattern” available should the real Antigens attack
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For
The Immunization Debate
AgainstMany children are unvaccinated, because their parents are against it
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www.kidshealth.orghttp://www2.scholastic.com/browse/article.jsp?id
=10212
Sources