reciclare curs 1

8/2/2019 Reciclare Curs 1

1/9

RECICLAREA SI RECUPERAREA

DESEURILOR POLIMERCE

(2 ore curs+1 ore lab)/saptLaboratorul in sedinte de cate 2/4 ore timp de 4 sapt.

Evaluare:

40 % laborator (40 puncte)

20 % lucrare (30 puncte) sapt. 6

10 % proiect (10 puncte) sapt. 12-Reciclarea unui deseu polimeric

30 % lucrare (30 puncte) sapt. 13
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Recycle001.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Recycle001.svg


2/9

Curs nr. 1

Introducere in reciclarea polimerilor

Directia 1-Recapitulativa

1.1. Ce este un polimer ?

1.2. Clasificarea polimerilor

1.3. Metode de sinteza

1.4. Aplicatiile polimerilor

Directia 2: Introducere in reciclarea deseurilor polimerice

2.1. Necesitatea reciclarii deseurilor polimerice

2.2. Dificultatea reciclarii deseurilor polimerice

2.3. Legislatia privind gestionarea deseurilor

2.4. Termeni si definitii in reciclarea deseurilor polimerice

2.5. Tipuri de materiale polimerice cu capacitate de reciclare

2.6. Codurile inscriptionate pe ambalaje

2.7. Metode de reciclare a deseurilor polimerice
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Recycle001.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Recycle001.svg


3/9

Ce este un polimer ?

Polimer =compus macromolecular obtinut din unitati structurale repetitive unite prin legaturi covalente

-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A- or[A]n-Polymer

Exemple de polimeri

PE

PP

-A- unitate structurala

Polimerizare

Exemple de monomeri

Monomer Polimer


4/9

Polimerii sunt pretutindeni

Matase

Keratina

Rasini

Polimeri naturali Polimeri sintetici

Aminoacizii

Polimeri glicogenici

Aminoacid Structura

chimica

Alanine

Cisteina

Glicina

Proteine

Colagen

Elastin

Glucoza

polimerizare

Polietilena (PE)

Polipropilena (PP)

Polistiren (PS)

Policlorura de vinil (PVC)

Poliamide (PA)

Proteine
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Glucose-2D-skeletal.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Glucose-2D-skeletal.pnghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Collagentriplehelix.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Glycine.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cystein_-_Cysteine.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Alanin_-_Alanine.svg


5/9

Clasificare dupa structura catenei

Polimeri liniari

Polimeri ramificati

Structuri tridimensionale (reticulate)

-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-

Catenaprincipala

Ramificatie

***

Legatura intercatenara


6/9

Clasificare dupa compozitia monomerului

Homopolimeri

Copolimeri

Bloc-copolimeri

Copolimeri grefati

-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A- sau [A]n-

-A-B-A-B-A-B-A-B-A-B-

-A-A-A-A-A-B-B-B-B-B- sau [A]n-[B]m-

Terpolimeri -A-A-C-A-B-A-B-A-C-C-B-B-

-A-A-A-B-A-A-B-B-A-B-

sau [A-B]n-

Alternanti

Statistici


7/9

Clasificare dupa comportamentul termic

Polimeri

Termoplastici Termoreactivi

Cristalin Amorf O

CH CH2OC

CH3

CH3

OCH2 CH2CH2 CH

O

CH3

HO O

O O

C C

O O

OHCH2

CH3

CH CH2 O C CH CH C O CH

n

R

N

O

N

O

RE

RPN

Rasini

polibenzoxazinice


8/9

Clasificare dupa mecanismul de polimerizare

1. Policondensare

2. Poliaditie

3. Polimerizare cu deschiderede ciclu

CC

Cl

H

H

H

CH2 CH

Cl

n

HN (CH2)5 C OHN (CH2)5 C

O

n

CH2=CHX

X Denumire monomer

-Cl Clorura de vinil-F Fluorura de vinil

-CH3 Propilena-CH2-CH3 Butilena-CN Acrilonitril-C6H5 Stiren-O-CO-CH3 Acetat de vinil

Monomeri difunctionali


9/9

Clasificare dupa aplicatii

Materiale plastice

Fibre sintetice

Elastomeri

CH2 CH2

n

CH2 CH

CH3n

CH2 CH

Cl

n

CH2 CH

n

HN (CH2)5 C

O

n

NH(CH2)6NH C(CH2)4C

O On

CH2 CHn

C N

CH2 C C CH2

H CH3

nCH2 C C CH2

H

n

H

CH2 C C CH2

H H

CH2 CH

Tyre indutry

Vopsele si adezivi

Londo

Polyesther hair

foam rubber

Ed ard Scissorhands
http://www.pslc.ws/macrog/urethane.htmhttp://www.pslc.ws/macrog/urethane.htm

reciclare curs 1

Documents