(Pai Chai University, TESOL Department)

1. Objectives2. Literature Review 3. Methodology 3.1. Participants 3.2. Research Questions 3.3. Instruments 3.3.1. Placement Test 3.3.2. Immediate Retention Test 3.3.3. Delayed Retention Test 3.4. Data Analysis 4. Results & Discussion5. Findings6. Pedagogical Implications and Limitations

To identify the differences between the retention test types (receptive and productive) and the mean differences between the immediate and delayed retention tests by learning conditions (receptive and productive learning) through online

To compare the results of the immediate and delayed retention tests based on the learning conditions among the three proficiency level groups (beginning, intermediate, and advanced)

To examine which learning condition is more effective for the both retention test types among the three level groups

The effectiveness of vocabulary teaching using word l ists (Carter & McCarthy, 1988, Van Benthuysen, 2003)

The efficacy of vocabulary learning using a word list in L2 among 50 Korean elementary school students (Jeon & Shin, 2011)

*No groupings the differences between levels groups*Each level’s outcome learning conditions and test types the retention

Van Benthuysen (2003): To evaluate Japanese college learners’ vocabulary levels; in particular, the learners’ decontextualized vocabulary knowledge at differing levels of word frequency: 2000, 3000, 5000 words, and the University Word Lists (UWL)

*Results: The importance of word lists on students’ motivation to learn and their effectiveness

Teaching vocabulary receptively or productively using word lists?

Several Studies: The expansion of receptive knowledge >productive knowledge

Melka (1997), Nation (2001), & Waring(1997): The importance of the development of appropriate tools to measure learners’ receptive and productive knowledge

to comprehension

3.1. Participants

35 elementary school students in the sixth grade in Korea

3 Proficiency Level groups (beginning, intermediate, and advanced) by the placement test of Daejeon Education Center

Vocabulary learning (the school website)

3.2. Research Questions i. Is there any difference between test types (receptive & productive retention tests) and learning conditions (receptive & productive learning) through online?

ii. Is there any mean difference between the immediate and delayed retention tests by learning conditions?

iii. Is there any difference among the three proficiency level groups (beginner, intermediate, and advanced) to each learning condition (receptive and productive learning) based on the test types ( immediate and delayed receptive retention test and productive retention test)?

3.3. Instruments

3.3.1. Placement Test

Mid-term (May) & final-term (July) exam by Daejeon Education Center

3.3 Instruments 3.3.2 (Immediate Retention Test)

Receptive and productive retention tests (receptive and productive words): 10 min

3.3.3 (Delayed Retention Test)

Receptive and productive retention tests (receptive and productive words): After 2 weeks without being noticed the test

3.4.Data Analysis Descriptive Statistics: Immediate receptive and productive retention test and delayed receptive and productive retention test results among three proficiency level groups

Mean scoreStandard deviation (SD)Maximum score (MAX)Minimum score (MIN)

Variable Mean S.D. MIN MAX

F1 10.00 0.00 10.00 10.00

F2 9.81 0.40 9.00 10.00

<Table 1> Descript ive Statist ics: Immediate Receptive Retention Test (Advanced Level )

Variable(s): F1 (Receptive words), F2 (Productive words) N=11

Variable Mean S.D. MIN MAX

F1 9.81 0.40 9.00 10.00

F2 9.9 0.30 9.00 10.00

<Table 2> Descript ive Statist ics: Immediate Productive Retention Test (Advanced Level)

Variable(s): F1 (Receptive words), F2 (Productive words) N=11

<Table 3> Descript ive Statist ics: Immediate Receptive Retent ion Test

( Intermediate Level)

Variable(s): F1 (Receptive words), F2 (Productive words) N=13

Variable Mean S.D. MIN MAX

F1 9.53 0.77 8.00 10.00

F2 9.69 0.48 9.00 10.00

Variable Mean S.D. MIN MAX

F1 8.23 2.00 4.00 10.00

F2 9.38 0.96 7.00 10.00

<Table 4> Descript ive Statist ics: Immediate Productive Retention Test ( Intermediate Level)

Variable(s): F1 (Receptive words), F2 (Productive words) N=13

Variable Mean S.D. MIN MAX

F1 7.81 2.63 3.00 10.00

F2 8.63 2.41 3.00 10.00

<Table 5> Descript ive Statist ics: Immediate Receptive Retention Test (Beginning Level)

Variable(s): F1 (Receptive words), F2 (Productive words) N=11

Variable Mean S.D. MIN MAX

F1 6.27 2.45 2.00 10.00

F2 6.90 1.92 4.00 10.00

<Table 6> Descript ive Statist ics: Immediate Productive Retention Test (Beginning Level)

Variable(s): F1 (Receptive words), F2 (Productive words) N=11

Variable Mean S.D. MIN MAX

F1 9.81 0.40 9.00 10.00

F2 9.90 0.30 9.00 10.00

<Table 7> Descript ive Statist ics: Delayed Receptive Retention Test (Advanced Level)

Variable(s): F1 (Receptive words), F2 (Productive words) N=11

Variable Mean S.D. MIN MAX

F1 9.90 0.30 9.00 10.00

F2 10.00 0.00 10.00 10.00

<Table 8> Descript ive Statist ics: Delayed Productive Retention Test (Advanced Level)

Variable(s): F1 (Receptive words), F2 (Productive words) N=11

Variable Mean S.D. MIN MAX

F1 8.84 1.28 7.00 10.00

F2 9.46 0.66 8.00 10.00

<Table 9> Descript ive Statist ics: Delayed Receptive Retention Test ( Intermediate Level) Variable(s): F1 (Receptive words), F2 (Productive words) N=13

Variable Mean S.D. MIN MAX

F1 9.15 0.80 8.00 10.00

F2 9.30 0.94 7.00 10.00

<Table 10> Descript ive Statist ics: Delayed Productive Retention Test ( Intermediate Level)

Variable(s): F1 (Receptive words), F2 (Productive words)   N=13

Variable Mean S.D. MIN MAX

F1 6.90 3.26 1.00 10.00

F2 7.63 1.91 5.00 10.00

<Table 11> Descript ive Statistics: Delayed Receptive Retention Test (Beginning Level)

Variable(s): F1 (Receptive words), F2 (Productive words) N=11

Variable Mean S.D. MIN MAX

F1 6.54 2.38 3.00 10.00

F2 7.00 1.89 3.00 9.00

<Table 12> Descriptive Statist ics: Delayed Productive Retention Test (Beginning Level)

Variable(s): F1 (Receptive words), F2 (Productive words) N=11

<Table 13> Productive Mean Scores F1-Receptive words; F2- Productive words

Proficiency

Levels

Immediate Delayed

BeginnerF1 6.27 F1 6.54

F2 6.90 F2 7.00

IntermediateF1 8.23 F1 9.15

F2 9.38 F2 9.30

AdvancedF1 9.81 F1 9.90

F2 9.90 F2 10.00

<Table 14> Receptive Mean Scores F1-Receptive words; F2-Productive words

Proficiency Levels Immediate Retention

Tests

Delayed Retention

Tests

BeginnerF1 7.81 F1 6.90

F2 8.63 F2 7.63

IntermediateF1 9.53 F1 8.84

F2 9.69 F2 9.46

AdvancedF1 10.00 F1 9.81

F2 9.81 F2 9.90

Productive learning condition > receptive learning condition (receptive & productive retention tests)

Immediate receptive and productive retention tests > delayed receptive & productive retention tests

3 level groups: Immediate receptive and productive tests (productive learning condition)

Implications: Productive learning condition + immediate receptive & productive retention tests

Limitations: Only to the 6th grade Less number of students