recent trends in environmental management strategies in petroleum, petrochemical and f
DESCRIPTION
Recent trends in environmental management strategies in petroleum, petrochemical andTRANSCRIPT
ONGC
Training Programme
on “Recent trends in Environmental
Management strategies in Petroleum,
Petrochemical and Fertilizer Industry” IITR
Sponsored By Central Pollution Control Board
February 11-13, 2008Venue: Continuing Education Center
Conference HallDr. I. D.MallDr. I. D.Mall
Professor Professor Course coordinatorCourse coordinator
Deptt.Of Chemical EnggDeptt.Of Chemical EnggIIT RoorkeeIIT Roorkee
ONGC
Recent trends in environmental management strategies in oil & gas
exploration & production
Dr A K Agnihotri
DGM (Chemistry)
ONGC
Water: Issues
• Nearly half of the world's people will live in water-stressed areas by 2025 (WRI)
• Our population of 1 billion is going to double in next twenty years
• Water resources have been exploited to the extent possible
• No consideration to future generation
• Result: Grave threat to Sustainability
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Oil & Gas Industry
• Less water intensive process
• Aging of reservoir
• Produced Water
• Produced water Treatment
• Water Injection into reservoir/disposal
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ONGC: Treatment Facility
Onshore
21 ETPs treat about 43,000 m3/d of effluent
Offshore
15 PWCs handle about 1,00,000 m3/d of
produced water
ONGC
Discharge Standards for oil & Gas Industry
Sl No Parameter On-shore discharge Marine Discharge Offshore Discharge
1 pH 5.5 -9.0 5.5 -9.0 -
2 Oil & grease 10 10 40
3 Suspended solids 100 100 -
4 Total Dissolved Solids 2100 - -
5 BOD at 27°Cfor 3 days 30 30 -
6 COD 100 - -
7 Chlorides 600 - -
8 Sulphates 1000 - -
9 Phenolics 1.2 - -
10 Cyanides 0.2 0.005 * -
11 Sulphides 2.0 - -
12 Zinc 2 0.1 * -
13 Chromium (hexavalent) 0.1 - -
14 Chromium (Total) 1.0 0.1 * -
15 Copper 0.2 0.05 * -
16 Lead 0.1 0.05 * -
17 Mercury 0.01 0.01 * -
18 Nickel 3.0 0.1 * -
mg/L
* The maximum individual pollutant concentration level in sea water within a distance of 50 meter from the discharge point.
ONGC
Onshore ETPs
Treatment Technologies
• TPI/CPI• DAF• Elevated Settlers• Biotowers• Aeration Tank• Sand/Activated Carbon Filters
ONGC
Typical Onshore Treatment Process
Wash TankEqualization tank
TPI
DAF
Flash Mix
Bio-tower
Aeration tank
Sand/Carbon Pressure
FiltersClarifier
Clarifier
Chemicals
Disposal
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Offshore Effluent Treatment
Treatment Technologies
• CPI• IGF• Hydro cyclones• Compact Flotation Unit
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Typical offshore Treatment Process
HP Separator Flash Vessel CPI
IGF
Sump Caisson
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Hydrocyclone
• Use centrifugal force
• High rate of flow
• No moving parts
• Removes oil drops of size 10-15 micron
• Reduces oil upto 25 ppm
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EPCON Compact Flotation Unit
• Oil drops are made to agglomerate to produce larger drops, creating a oil layer at the top
• Separation is aided by gas flotation effect caused by the release of residual gas
• Efficiency may be enhanced by introduction of external gas or flocculating chemicals
• Residence time - 1 min max
• Size - 2 m3 approx
• Reduces oil to 15 – 20 mg/l
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Microbial Technology
• Bioremediation
• Microbial treatment of effluents
• Microbial Treatment for EOR
API Separator
BPC reactor
BPC secondary
reactor
Settling chamber
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BPC Bioreactor
ONGC
Challenges Ahead
• Reservoir health management
• Prominence for Reuse and Recycle
• Promotion of Research & development
• Promotion of new treatment technologies
• Management Commitment
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ONGC
ONGC
ONGC
ONGC
Mangrove Conservation
• In line with international practice of Biodiversity conservation ONGC has embarked upon an ambitious programme of mangrove conservation & education.
• 5 Lac mangrove seedlings/plantation in Gandhar area.
• Education & awareness drive about mangrove conservation in Mumbai.
• This project is a joint project with Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) Mumbai
• Cost of the project is 2 crore.
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ONGC
ONGC
Bioremediation
• Bioremediation of oily sludge from tank cleaning
• Bioremediation of drill cuttings/Oily wastes
• 16000 Tonnes of Sludge is already bioremediated & job is still going on.