recent advances in energy storage honolulu, hawaii may 10-12, 2004 garth p. corey sandia national...
TRANSCRIPT
Recent Advances in
Energy Storage
Honolulu, Hawaii
May 10-12, 2004
Garth P. CoreySandia National Laboratories
Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company,for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
APEC 21st Century Renewable Energy Development Initiative
22
• Storage and Renewables• Emerging Applications
• Power vs. Energy Applications
• New Storage Technologies
– Batteries
– Superconducting Magnetic
– Flywheels
– Super Capacitors
• California Energy Commission Projects
Overview
33
Storage and Renewables
• Acts to Stabilize Power Variations• For grid-tied applications, Can
Provide Transmission Congestion Relief– At the Generation Site
– At the Distribution Point
• Allows Dispatch of Renewable Power– Off grid applications
– On grid applications
44
Emerging Applications
• T&D Upgrade Deferral• Transmission Congestion Relief • Peak Shaving• Micro-Grid Systems• Energy Price Arbitrage• Remote Area Power Systems
55
Power vs. Energy Applications
• Capacity Issues– High Power/Low Energy
– Low Power/High Energy
• Operational Limitations– Discharge
– Recharge
66
Development and Prototype
Mature Products
Design
Commercial Maturity
Large SMES
Micro SMES
NaSSuper
Capacitors
CAES
High Speed Flywheels
Pumped Hydro
Low Speed Flywheels
Lead Acid Batteries
Flow Batteries
77
New Technology Batteries
•Nickel Cadmium– Energy and Power
Applications
88
New Technology Batteries
• Lithium Ion Polymer– Power Applications
99
New Technology Batteries
• Lithium Ion Polymer– Energy Applications
1010
New Technology Batteries
• Lithium Metal Polymer– Energy Applications
1111
New Technology Batteries
• Sodium Sulfur (NAS)– Energy and Power
Applications
1212
New Technology Flow Batteries
• Zinc Bromine– Energy and Power
Applications
1313
New Technology Flow Batteries
• Vanadium Redox– Energy and Power
Applications
1414
New Technology Flow Batteries
• Regenesys TM
– Energy and Power Applications
1515
Non-Battery Electricity Storage
• Super Capacitors– Power Applications
1616
Non-Battery Electricity Storage
•Superconducting Magnetic
Energy Storage (SMES)- Power Applications
1717
Non-Battery Electricity Storage
• Flywheel Energy Storage (FES)– Power Applications
Magnetic bearing
integrated into field
circuit
Removable “cartridge”a
rmature
Ball bearings easily replaced (~ 20 year
estimated life)
One moving
part (rotor)
1818
California Energy CommissionProjects
• Palmdale Water District– Micro-Grid Support– 450kW/30 Sec Ultracapacitor – Maxwell Technologies
• Pacific Gas & Electric– Substation Congestion Mitigation– 2 MW/2MWh Zinc Bromine Flow Battery - ZBB Energy
Corporation• San Francisco Muni Rail
– Recovery of Regenerative Braking Power– 400 kW Flywheel – Urenco Power Technologies
1919
Palmdale Water District Project Micro-Grid Components
• Generation Sources– 950 kW Wind Turbine– Ultracapacitor
• Energy Bridge• Parallel 225 kW modules
– 800 kW Diesel Generator– 350 kW Diesel Generator– 250 kW Natural Gas Generator– 250 kW Hydroelectric Generator
• Load Requirements– 320 kW Critical Loads– 930 kW Non-critical Load
2020
Palmdale Water District Project Energy Storage System Benefits
• Micro-Grid Benefits
–Wind Generation Stabilization
–Demand Charge Management
• Grid-Tied Benefits
–Transient Disturbance Ride-Through
– End-user Electric Service Reliability
–T&D Support
– Interruptible Rate Benefit