Force Generation of the ADF Air-Sea Capability

Rear Admiral Stuart Mayer

Commander Australian Fleet

SCOPE

• Navy’s Warfighting Direction

• Force Generating Joint Capabilities

- Challenges

- Options and Choices

• Generating the Air-Sea Capability

• Future Work

Navy’s Warfighting Direction

• Maintaining our Guiding Priorities

- People, Sea/Airworthiness and Warfighting

• Meet our Commitments

- Enduring- Emerging

• The Cathedral – NS 18 Pelorus

- Developing the Plans – Navy Warfighting Strategy 18.

• NWS Phase 1 Objective ‘Stabilise’

- Core Unit Skills, OPQUALS and Individual Training- Experiment on concepts for TG Warfare

- Identify gaps and areas for focus

• NWS Phase 2 Objective ‘Consolidate’

- Implement Ocean Series focus on Joint Sea Combat- Establish enabling elements tested in Phase 1 (IW, SCC and

MOC Staff etc)- Coordination within Joint Collective Training construct

Why Joint Sea Combat

• CDF has clearly established his policy on Joint Collective Training and Certification in CDF Directive. CJOPS is tasked with certifying and employing this ‘Joint Force’.

• The Joint Force is based around concepts defined within the Joint Capability and Concepts Division and administered through JWC.

• JWC has advanced concepts where clear Joint equities and shared interests lie. (Amphibious, Joint Fires)

• Service domain concepts have not been resourced within the Joint Framework.

• Service domain concepts are at risk of being squeezed out unless they integrate, coordinate and optimise constrained resource.

• The Joint approach reflects reality, is consistent with policy, and ‘resonates’ with how we approach complex warfighting tasks.

Why Joint Sea Combat –Learning from the Amphibious Example

• ADF learned significant lessons from operations in Timor Leste in 1999 and 2006.

• Pre-eminent amongst lessons was that amphibious warfare needed to move from platform to a system centric view.

• The Amphibious Deployment and Sustainment System (ADAS) and Australian Amphibious Force (AAF) was advanced.

• The AAF considers all elements of the amphibious force and includes a Joint Force approach to Force Generation.

• Capability places CN as lead CM, DJFHQ leads the CRP, concept is sponsored by FD Branch managed by a Joint CIT, overseen by JAC and reported to COSC.

• Operationally DJFHQ coordinates the FORGEN cycle of AAF and CJOPS directs its training and employment.

Why Joint Sea Combat

• FPR highlights the need for a single unifying concept and exercising framework that meets CDF and CJOPS need.

• The Sea Series is broadly accepted, incorporated within the PADFA and provides a working model.

• Army has developed the Joint Land Combat (Land Series/Hamel)

• Navy has built Joint Sea Combat (Ocean Series) and leveraged Sea Series to include littoral warfare threats.

• Air Force supports SEA, LAND and OCEAN Series but there is no comparable Joint Air Warfare activity (JAW is subsumed).

• Service FORGEN Headquarters are ‘subcontracting’ the concept development, FORGEN and certification of joint physical domains on behalf of Joint and it is working.

• Three environmental headquarters have worked to develop a coordinated approach to Force Generation that is resourced and sustainable.

FST-J

ATG Deployment

Generic Maritime Force

Generation Cycle 2018 +

Even Years

Ocean

Explorer

Feb AugMay Jun JulAprMar Oct DecNovJan Sep

LHD 1

LHD 2

LSD 1

MCC

ATG

PLF

EF 1

EF 2

Sea

Horizon

Vital

Prospect

Navy Led Joint Theatre Led Joint Operational Led Army Led

Sea

Explorer

Sea

RaiderOcean

Master

ATG Deployment

Theatre Reserve Band 1 Tasks

ATG DeploymentOcean Series and TG FIT

Sea Series – ARE/U Certification

Sea Series – ARE/U Certification

Sea Series – ARE/U Certification

Sea Series – ARE/U Certification

Vital Series

RIMPAC Theatre Reserve Band 1 Tasks

ATG Deployment

ATG Deployment

ATG Deployment

ATG Deployment

ATG Deployment

TG FIT

SAG 1

SAG 2

Ocean Series TG FIT

Ocean Series

ATG Deployment

Sea Series- Littoral TG FIT ATG DeploymentFSTJ

RIMPAC KAKADU

Ocean Master

Ocean Raider

Ocean Raider

Ocean Raider

Ocean Raider

Ocean Raider

Ocean Raider

Kakadu

KakaduRIMPAC

Ocean Series

Ocean Series

Ocean Series

FTX

STX

CPX

Ocean

Horizon FST-J

FSTJ

TG FIT

TG FIT

Southern

Katipo

Katipo

Ocean Master

Ocean Master

FST-J

ATG Deployment

Generic Maritime Force

Generation Cycle 2018 +

Odd Years

Ocean

Explorer

Feb AugMay Jun JulAprMar Oct DecNovJan Sep

LHD 1

LHD 2

LSD 1

MCC

ATG

PLF

EF 3

EF 2

Sea

Horizon

Navy Led Joint Theatre Led Joint Operational Led Army Led

Sea

Explorer

Sea

RaiderOcean

Master

ATG Deployment

Theatre Reserve Band 1 Tasks

ATG DeploymentOcean Series and TG FIT

Sea Series – ARE/U Certification

Sea Series – ARE/U Certification

Sea Series – ARE/U Certification

Sea Series – ARE/U Certification

Theatre Reserve Band 1 Tasks

ATG Deployment

ATG Deployment

ATG Deployment

ATG Deployment

TG FIT

SAG 1

SAG 2Ocean Series TG FIT

Ocean Series

ATG Deployment

Sea Series- Littoral

TG FIT ATG Deployment

FSTJ

Talisman Sabre

Ocean Raider

Ocean Raider

Ocean Raider

Ocean Raider

Ocean Raider

Ocean Raider

Ocean Raider

Ocean Series

Ocean Series

Ocean Series

FTX

STX

CPX

Ocean

Horizon FST-J

Talisman Sabre

Talisman Sabre

Talisman Sabre

Talisman Sabre

Talisman Sabre

Talisman Sabre

Talisman Sabre

Talisman Sabre

Talisman Sabre

ATG Deployment

FSTJ

Ex

Hamel

Talisman Sabre

Talisman Sabre

Render Safe

Render Safe

Joint Air Warfare

• Joint Air Warfare is conducted within the construct of existing FORGEN activities.

• Joint Fires (and by association networks and battlespace) is being championed within Force Development Branch

• Ships routinely sail in JADIP categories and are active within the network.

• Navy’s Air Warfare Officers are principally drawn from FC branch who are trained at RAAF WLM (E7 or FFCE)

• E7 Sim routinely dials into Navy STX activities in joint and combined context. (More complex than live)

• Air Force and Navy routinely collaborate through AMWC and AWC, coordinate Jericho with Nike (MWP) and co chair Maritime Warfare Steering Group.

The Good

Joint Air Warfare

• Joint Air Warfare is not generated as a Joint System.

• The Joint Air Warfare System (Training, Doctrine, TTPs, Network and Platforms) is not certified.

• Joint Fires (and by association networks and battlespace) is being developed but is only certified in part.

• The JAWC established by Air Force is in abeyance and is only partially subsumed within JWC.

• There is no deliberate mechanism to identify and then rectify deficiencies in the JAWS.

• There are few exercises that test ADF JAWS in the maritime domain. Those that do have identified shortcomings in TTPs.

• The ADF JAWS is becoming more complex and will require attention.

The Not So Yet Good

Conclusion

• As Navy increasingly focuses on TG/Force level operations and fields 5th generation capabilities from the IIP, increased overlap between Air and Sea will be evident.

• The Force Generation of the Air-Sea Capability is presently complicated by a lack of a Joint System approach.

• Significant goodwill is evident at working level to integrate Navy/Air Force approaches to JAWS, and grass roots initiatives are valued.

• The emerging FORGEN calendar provides an opportunity to incorporate JAWS goals in existing collective training events, or create a bespoke activity.

• The current approach to JAWS is relatively immature (when compared to ADAS or JASW) but is ripe for development.

Questions