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Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
TimeWizTM
An Integrated Design Environment for Real-Time Systems
TimeWiz is a unique and powerful product that lets you represent hardware and software, analyze and simulate the timing behavior of your system, model processors and networks for end-to-end performance, chart your system parameters and generate integrated system reports. All nicely integrated and affordable.
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Introduction to TimeWizTM
Solving Your ProblemsSee how TimeWiz addresses problems specific to your application context.
Application DomainsFind out various application domains where TimeWiz can be effectively applied.
TimeWiz ArchitectureCheck out the flexible TimeWiz framework, and the powerful, standard system model.
Exit Presentation
Key User Interface FeaturesCheck out the latest and finest user interface under Windows.
TimeWiz: A Quick TourTake a quick whirl-wind tour of TimeWiz.
Please click on an icon
of interest
Recommended
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Your problems addressed by TimeWiz
RMA based single node analysisAnalyze your single processor system to estimate the worst- case timing behavior with Rate-Monotonic, Deadline-Monotonic or any other Fixed-Priority scheduling scheme, used universally by real-time operating systems.
Distributed SystemsRepresent your large system exactly as comprising of multiple processing elements and network links. Analyze the worst-case end-to-end latencies encountered by your data streams. Simulate to obtain the stochastic distribution of the end-to-end latencies. Network elements are included in both analysis and simulation.
CanBusAnalyze the worst-case response times of all CANbusmessages based on their message IDs, sizes and frequencies. Use in your distributed system and analyze/simulate end-to-end response times.
Networks (Ethernet/FDDI)Study the effect of collisions, visualize deterministic Vs. non-deterministic utilization. Model your own custom protocols(e.g., token passing/TDM) on top of the standard models.
SimulationA powerful simulation engine models your processes, whetherprocessor or network based. Specify stochastic arrivals and/or executions; obtain statistical distribution of response times.
Interactive ReconfigurationRepresent your hardware and software architectures independently and hierarchically. Then use a hybrid of automatic algorithms and manual assignments to bind software elements to hardware, updating numbers on the fly.
Response to External EventsTrace paths of responses to external events through yourhierarchical, distributed system of processors and networks. Analyze and simulate to find worst-case and average case times.
Multiple Resource ConstraintsMap software elements to hardware resources automatically to satisfy multiple resource constraints (processing times, memory requirements, bandwidth requirements, logical sharing) simultaneously. See the damaging effects of priority inversion and use a priority inheritance protocol to take control.
Go back to Introduction to TimeWiz
Please click on an icon of interest
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Problem Significance• Timing constraints (deadlines) can be violated even at very low
utilization levels.
• Missed deadlines may be annoying or result in loss of revenue and/or lives.
• Planning up-front saves significant effort during integration, testing and certification processes.
• Extended periods of testing and simulation may not identify all scenarios.
– The “Mars Pathfinder” had timing (priority inversion) problems on Mars and was fixed from Earth using RMA techniques.
• Explicit resource management techniques must be applied in systems with multiple processes, priorities and shared resources.
Free80%
Used20%
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TimeWiz Solution• Mathematical framework computes the worst-case timing possible
under all possible combinations
• Rate-Monotonic Analysis (RMA)
• Support for real-time scheduling policies
– Rate-monotonic, deadline monotonic, fixed priority, etc.• supported by most (if not all) real-time operating systems
• Support for synchronization (data sharing) policies
– priority inheritance protocols that control priority inversion:• basic priority inheritance protocol, priority ceiling protocol, highest
locker priority protocol, etc.
– FIFO (no control)
• Compute preemption time, blocking time and completion time
• Support for triggered sequences of actions, each with own priority
• What-if analysis
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Rate-Monotonic Analysis• Use of Software Engineering
Institute (SEI) standard model– Resources represent hardware
– Events represent triggers
– Actions represent executable code or messages
• Compute schedulability using RMA
• Incorporate context switch time
• Associate scheduling and data sharing policies with Resources
• Define objects, properties and default values, which can then be changed per-instance basis
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Binding and Results• Associate arrival patterns (e.g., period) with events
• Define priorities and execution times for actions
• Bind actions to resources, manually and/or automatically(to satisfy multiple constraints simultaneously)
• TimeWiz instantly computes the
worst-case completion times
• Visualize a detailed “Timeline” viewwith preemptions, blocking etc.
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Stochastic Modeling• Define distributions for arrivals,
execution times etc.• Choose from a wide variety of
statistical distributions(normal, uniform, exponential, beta, gamma, cauchy…)
• Obtain minimum, maximum, average and standard deviations of completion
times, end-to-end response times, etc.
• Set the simulation span and visualize details using the Timeline view
• Enable traces to view even more details
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Your problems addressed by TimeWiz
RMA based single node analysisAnalyze your single processor system to estimate the worst- case timing behavior with Rate-Monotonic, Deadline-Monotonic or any other Fixed-Priority scheduling scheme, used universally by real-time operating systems.
Distributed SystemsRepresent your large system exactly as comprising of multiple processing elements and network links. Analyze the worst-case end-to-end latencies encountered by your data streams. Simulate to obtain the stochastic distribution of the end-to-end latencies. Network elements are included in both analysis and simulation.
CanBusAnalyze the worst-case response times of all CANbusmessages based on their message IDs, sizes and frequencies. Use in your distributed system and analyze/simulate end-to-end response times.
Networks (Ethernet/FDDI)Study the effect of collisions, visualize deterministic Vs. non-deterministic utilization. Model your own custom protocols(e.g., token passing/TDM) on top of the standard models.
SimulationA powerful simulation engine models your processes, whetherprocessor or network based. Specify stochastic arrivals and/or executions; obtain statistical distribution of response times.
Interactive ReconfigurationRepresent your hardware and software architectures independently and hierarchically. Then use a hybrid of automatic algorithms and manual assignments to bind software elements to hardware, updating numbers on the fly.
Response to External EventsTrace paths of responses to external events through yourhierarchical, distributed system of processors and networks. Analyze and simulate to find worst-case and average case times.
Multiple Resource ConstraintsMap software elements to hardware resources automatically to satisfy multiple resource constraints (processing times, memory requirements, bandwidth requirements, logical sharing) simultaneously. See the damaging effects of priority inversion and use a priority inheritance protocol to take control.
Go back to Introduction to TimeWiz
Please click on an icon of interest
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Problem Significance• Priority Inversion can occur
when using shared resources
• Making critical sections smaller reduces the probability; the possibility still exists
• Possibility of deadlocks not eliminated even with Priority Inheritance protocol
• Performance penalty exists with various protocols
• Use of adequate protocol provides trade-off between performance and missed deadlines
Priority Inversion causes the high priority task to miss deadline.Figure at the bottom uses Priority Inheritanceto avoid the problem.
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TimeWiz Solution• Analyze, simulate and visualize the behavior of multiple data sharing
protocols
• Associate multiple logical resourceswith a single physical resource
• Specify logical resource requirements for each action
• Automatically calculate completion times for all tasks
• Visualize the execution timeline with specified arrival times
You can write your own custom analysis and
simulation plug-ins to model custom
policies and network elements in
your system.
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Data Sharing Policies (1)• FIFO (First-In-First-Out) - Static priorities, first task to request a
logical resource can lock it.
– Can lead to unbounded priority inversion and cause weird timing problems at different times.
• Basic Priority Inheritance Protocol - When an arriving higher priority task finds a lower priority task holding a lock it wants, the lower priority task inherits the priority of the higher priority task (until the lock is released).
– Priority inversion is (normally) bounded but still can be long.
• Interrupt Masking - Disable interrupts (and/or preemption) when a shared resource is locked.
– Priority inversion is bounded but can be unacceptably long.
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Data Sharing Policies (2)• Highest Locker Priority Protocol - On locking a shared resource, a
task executes at the highest priority of all tasks that can lock the shared resource. (This highest priority is called the “priority ceiling” of that shared resource).
• Priority Ceiling Protocol - A task can lock a shared resource only if its priority is strictly greater than the priority ceilings of all shared resources locked by other tasks.
– Both the highest locker and priority ceiling protocols bound priority inversion to the duration of at most one critical section.
– This behavior can be much better than (and at worst the same as) that of the basic priority inheritance protocol.
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Timeline View• Customize arrivals, end times
• Enable/disable display of labels
– task ready
– task start
– task end
– task preempted
– task blocked
– task locking logical resource
– task unlocking logical resource
• Zoom by percent or by region
• Pan using an Overview window
• Different colors for each task
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Your problems addressed by TimeWiz
RMA based single node analysisAnalyze your single processor system to estimate the worst- case timing behavior with Rate-Monotonic, Deadline-Monotonic or any other Fixed-Priority scheduling scheme, used universally by real-time operating systems.
Distributed SystemsRepresent your large system exactly as comprising of multiple processing elements and network links. Analyze the worst-case end-to-end latencies encountered by your data streams. Simulate to obtain the stochastic distribution of the end-to-end latencies. Network elements are included in both analysis and simulation.
CanBusAnalyze the worst-case response times of all CANbusmessages based on their message IDs, sizes and frequencies. Use in your distributed system and analyze/simulate end-to-end response times.
Networks (Ethernet/FDDI)Study the effect of collisions, visualize deterministic Vs. non-deterministic utilization. Model your own custom protocols(e.g., token passing/TDM) on top of the standard models.
SimulationA powerful simulation engine models your processes, whetherprocessor or network based. Specify stochastic arrivals and/or executions; obtain statistical distribution of response times.
Interactive ReconfigurationRepresent your hardware and software architectures independently and hierarchically. Then use a hybrid of automatic algorithms and manual assignments to bind software elements to hardware, updating numbers on the fly.
Response to External EventsTrace paths of responses to external events through yourhierarchical, distributed system of processors and networks. Analyze and simulate to find worst-case and average case times.
Multiple Resource ConstraintsMap software elements to hardware resources automatically to satisfy multiple resource constraints (processing times, memory requirements, bandwidth requirements, logical sharing) simultaneously. See the damaging effects of priority inversion and use a priority inheritance protocol to take control.
Go back to Introduction to TimeWiz
Please click on an icon of interest
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Problem Significance• Complex hardware and
software architecture
• Mapping functionality to hardware during the design and maintenance without violating constraints of processing/ memory/ bandwidth etc.
• External events and system response to them need to be represented/ analyzed/ simulated
• Accurate modeling of each element (processors, networks, protocols) is required for realistic results
• Existence of several instances of same type of components (each is uniquely named)
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• Hierarchical representation withconnectivity propagation via Inter-Diagram Connectors
• Independent hardware and software hierarchies
• Interactively bind software to hardware and immediately view violations of processing/bandwidth constraints
• Use Tracers to represent end-to-end timing constraints and automatically calculate worst-case and average-case response to external events
• Analyze and simulate every element in your system using standard TimeWiz modules or build your own using an easy-to-use Application Programming Interface (API)
• Catalog, extend and re-use objects, properties and models.
Inter-Diagram Connectors
TimeWiz Solution
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Hierarchical Representation• Use the powerful diagramming engine to represent your hierarchical
system
• Visual navigation of your hierarchy
• Retain connectivity between
objects when moving & resizing
• Automatically propagate connectivity to multiple diagrams in the hierarchy
• Collapse/un-collapse hierarchy
to reduce/increase hierarchy levels
• Set fonts, colors, line styles
• Group, ungroup, align, abut
• Zoom, pan, preview, print
Collapse
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End-to-end Timing• Define your software hierarchy using (periodic or aperiodic)
execution Triggers and a sequence of Actions
• Represent external events using Tracers and draw a path through system elements representing their processing
• Inter-Diagram Connectors automatically keep track of connections spanning diagrams
• RMA-based analysis automatically updates worst-case response
• Use simulation to update average, min, max response
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Your problems addressed by TimeWiz
RMA based single node analysisAnalyze your single processor system to estimate the worst- case timing behavior with Rate-Monotonic, Deadline-Monotonic or any other Fixed-Priority scheduling scheme, used universally by real-time operating systems.
Distributed SystemsRepresent your large system exactly as comprising of multiple processing elements and network links. Analyze the worst-case end-to-end latencies encountered by your data streams. Simulate to obtain the stochastic distribution of the end-to-end latencies. Network elements are included in both analysis and simulation.
CanBusAnalyze the worst-case response times of all CANbusmessages based on their message IDs, sizes and frequencies. Use in your distributed system and analyze/simulate end-to-end response times.
Networks (Ethernet/FDDI)Study the effect of collisions, visualize deterministic Vs. non-deterministic utilization. Model your own custom protocols(e.g., token passing/TDM) on top of the standard models.
SimulationA powerful simulation engine models your processes, whetherprocessor or network based. Specify stochastic arrivals and/or executions; obtain statistical distribution of response times.
Interactive ReconfigurationRepresent your hardware and software architectures independently and hierarchically. Then use a hybrid of automatic algorithms and manual assignments to bind software elements to hardware, updating numbers on the fly.
Response to External EventsTrace paths of responses to external events through yourhierarchical, distributed system of processors and networks. Analyze and simulate to find worst-case and average case times.
Multiple Resource ConstraintsMap software elements to hardware resources automatically to satisfy multiple resource constraints (processing times, memory requirements, bandwidth requirements, logical sharing) simultaneously. See the damaging effects of priority inversion and use a priority inheritance protocol to take control.
Go back to Introduction to TimeWiz
Please click on an icon of interest
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Problem Significance• Simulation of computer systems often suffer from a lack of
framework to support networks, custom protocols and components
• After the initial estimates/assumptions and simulation, there is no method for refining the estimates based on implementation
• In distributed system simulation, responses to external events are affected by resource (processing/ bandwidth) constraints, which must be taken into consideration.
• In addition to standard data collection and visualization, flexible trace and debug mechanism are useful in viewing more details of the simulated session.
Design
Implementation
?
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TimeWiz Solution• TimeWiz supports a powerful framework and a plug-in architecture
for development of component models
• Standard models for processors and networks (CANbus, Ethernet, FDDI, Serial) are supplied with TimeWiz
• Statistical models derived from traces of an implemented system (e.g., VxWorks, pSoS, W/CE) can be incorporated directly
• Simulation model supports distributed system response to external
events (see External Events Tour)
• TimeWiz supports a powerful debug, trace facility which can be extended via Basic scripting to support animation of visual objects.
Online/OfflineSystem Trace
Translator
Online/OfflineSystem Trace
Translator
TimeWiz
Importer
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Simulation Model• Built-in process-oriented Simulation Engine with Event, Queuing,
Scheduling, Pre-emption support
• Simulation models execute as plug-ins of TimeWiz
• Built-in models support CPUs(with standard scheduling anddata sharing policies) and networks(Ethernet, CanBus, Serial, FDDI)
• Easy-to-use API (Application Programming Interface) for custommodel development
• Fully integrated trace, debug andtimeline support
Model Execution Support
ModelInterfaceSupport
Simulation Engine
Tracing and Debugging
TimeWiz User Interface
Plug-in Models
Plug-in Models
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System Trace Import• System trace (e.g., WindView) data can be fit to a statistical model
and imported
• Objects may be created or existing object properties may be updated
• Provides a means to go from implementation to design
• Standard import file format allows import from various file formats and plant databases
Object event Trigger Temperature MonitorProperty TWZPeriod 120.34
Object resource CPU Mission ComputerProperty TWZSpeed 23.45
Object action CPU MyActionProperty TWZWorstExecutionTime 10.0Property TWZResource Mission ComputerProperty TWZDistExecutionTime Normal,12,0.8
…
Object event Trigger Temperature MonitorProperty TWZPeriod 120.34
Object resource CPU Mission ComputerProperty TWZSpeed 23.45
Object action CPU MyActionProperty TWZWorstExecutionTime 10.0Property TWZResource Mission ComputerProperty TWZDistExecutionTime Normal,12,0.8
…TimeWiz
Online/OfflineSystem Trace
Translator
Online/OfflineSystem Trace
Translator
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
Your problems addressed by TimeWiz
RMA based single node analysisAnalyze your single processor system to estimate the worst- case timing behavior with Rate-Monotonic, Deadline-Monotonic or any other Fixed-Priority scheduling scheme, used universally by real-time operating systems.
Distributed SystemsRepresent your large system exactly as comprising of multiple processing elements and network links. Analyze the worst-case end-to-end latencies encountered by your data streams. Simulate to obtain the stochastic distribution of the end-to-end latencies. Network elements are included in both analysis and simulation.
CanBusAnalyze the worst-case response times of all CANbusmessages based on their message IDs, sizes and frequencies. Use in your distributed system and analyze/simulate end-to-end response times.
Networks (Ethernet/FDDI)Study the effect of collisions, visualize deterministic Vs. non-deterministic utilization. Model your own custom protocols(e.g., token passing/TDM) on top of the standard models.
SimulationA powerful simulation engine models your processes, whetherprocessor or network based. Specify stochastic arrivals and/or executions; obtain statistical distribution of response times.
Interactive ReconfigurationRepresent your hardware and software architectures independently and hierarchically. Then use a hybrid of automatic algorithms and manual assignments to bind software elements to hardware, updating numbers on the fly.
Response to External EventsTrace paths of responses to external events through yourhierarchical, distributed system of processors and networks. Analyze and simulate to find worst-case and average case times.
Multiple Resource ConstraintsMap software elements to hardware resources automatically to satisfy multiple resource constraints (processing times, memory requirements, bandwidth requirements, logical sharing) simultaneously. See the damaging effects of priority inversion and use a priority inheritance protocol to take control.
Go back to Introduction to TimeWiz
Please click on an icon of interest
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
CAN Bus analysis• Guarantee transmission of all messages (highest priority and others)
• Bus utilization
• End-to-end timing
• Response to external events
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Your problems addressed by TimeWiz
RMA based single node analysisAnalyze your single processor system to estimate the worst- case timing behavior with Rate-Monotonic, Deadline-Monotonic or any other Fixed-Priority scheduling scheme, used universally by real-time operating systems.
Distributed SystemsRepresent your large system exactly as comprising of multiple processing elements and network links. Analyze the worst-case end-to-end latencies encountered by your data streams. Simulate to obtain the stochastic distribution of the end-to-end latencies. Network elements are included in both analysis and simulation.
CanBusAnalyze the worst-case response times of all CANbusmessages based on their message IDs, sizes and frequencies. Use in your distributed system and analyze/simulate end-to-end response times.
Networks (Ethernet/FDDI)Study the effect of collisions, visualize deterministic Vs. non-deterministic utilization. Model your own custom protocols(e.g., token passing/TDM) on top of the standard models.
SimulationA powerful simulation engine models your processes, whetherprocessor or network based. Specify stochastic arrivals and/or executions; obtain statistical distribution of response times.
Interactive ReconfigurationRepresent your hardware and software architectures independently and hierarchically. Then use a hybrid of automatic algorithms and manual assignments to bind software elements to hardware, updating numbers on the fly.
Response to External EventsTrace paths of responses to external events through yourhierarchical, distributed system of processors and networks. Analyze and simulate to find worst-case and average case times.
Multiple Resource ConstraintsMap software elements to hardware resources automatically to satisfy multiple resource constraints (processing times, memory requirements, bandwidth requirements, logical sharing) simultaneously. See the damaging effects of priority inversion and use a priority inheritance protocol to take control.
Go back to Introduction to TimeWiz
Please click on an icon of interest
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
Problem Significance• Ethernet is not deterministic and therefore can only be simulated
• Simulation should also consider processor loading
• Metrics on collisions and utilization are needed in architecture design
• Protocols implemented on top of Ethernet (e.g., token passing, time domain multiplexing) may allow deterministic response times
• Custom analysis and simulation is needed for these protocols
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TimeWiz Solution• A plug-in module is provided for Ethernet simulation
• Collisions and utilizations of the networks is tracked and presented within TimeWiz Graphical User Interface
• Completion time metrics for network transmission tasks is also tracked and presented via TimeWiz GUI
• Source code for this plug-in provided on request to ease development of custom protocols
• TimeWiz Catalog Designer can be used to define properties (e.g., TDM Size) for custom protocol development
• TimeWiz API (Application Programming Interface) can be used to extend the analysis and simulation plug-in
• get/set interface and event notification provided in the API for the custom properties defined in the Catalog Designer
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TimeWiz Catalog designer
A set of properties AND avisual symbol can be associated
with a custom object
Mandatory properties are automaticallycopied to other objects of same “Type”,
supporting the concept of inheritance
Support for various data types, includingnumeric, strings, enumerate, object references
and lists of objects
Full control over where (inspector, tables, plots, reports), in which order, and which format to display each
property of each object within TimeWiz GUI
Group objects into palette and palettesinto catalogs. Merge, import and exportcatalogs to/from projects, thus adding
properties to an existing project
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Application Programming Interface• Simple and powerful; work in conjunction with catalog designer
• Analysis modules get called when
– values change (for validity checking, updating)
– analysis or simulation runs
– what-if analysis
– object creation and destruction
– automatic binding
– initialization, termination
• Uniform object interface provided for
– get/set values
– overloaded functions for different prototypes
– callback support
– message outputs
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Your problems addressed by TimeWiz
RMA based single node analysisAnalyze your single processor system to estimate the worst- case timing behavior with Rate-Monotonic, Deadline-Monotonic or any other Fixed-Priority scheduling scheme, used universally by real-time operating systems.
Distributed SystemsRepresent your large system exactly as comprising of multiple processing elements and network links. Analyze the worst-case end-to-end latencies encountered by your data streams. Simulate to obtain the stochastic distribution of the end-to-end latencies. Network elements are included in both analysis and simulation.
CanBusAnalyze the worst-case response times of all CANbusmessages based on their message IDs, sizes and frequencies. Use in your distributed system and analyze/simulate end-to-end response times.
Networks (Ethernet/FDDI)Study the effect of collisions, visualize deterministic Vs. non-deterministic utilization. Model your own custom protocols(e.g., token passing/TDM) on top of the standard models.
SimulationA powerful simulation engine models your processes, whetherprocessor or network based. Specify stochastic arrivals and/or executions; obtain statistical distribution of response times.
Interactive ReconfigurationRepresent your hardware and software architectures independently and hierarchically. Then use a hybrid of automatic algorithms and manual assignments to bind software elements to hardware, updating numbers on the fly.
Response to External EventsTrace paths of responses to external events through yourhierarchical, distributed system of processors and networks. Analyze and simulate to find worst-case and average case times.
Multiple Resource ConstraintsMap software elements to hardware resources automatically to satisfy multiple resource constraints (processing times, memory requirements, bandwidth requirements, logical sharing) simultaneously. See the damaging effects of priority inversion and use a priority inheritance protocol to take control.
Go back to Introduction to TimeWiz
Please click on an icon of interest
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
Problem Significance• No Real-Time analysis tools available to track resource constraints
including processing and bandwidth usage
• Dynamic reconfiguration of functionality to hardware results in new resource usage patterns and analysis needs to be repeated
• For systems with large number of standard components, automatic binding based upon resource constraints is highly useful
• Automatic binding needs to support needs of some software elements that can only run on specific hardware
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TimeWiz Solution• Define hardware hierarchy
• Define software hierarchy
• Bind software elements to hardware
• Watch as resource constraints are updated and completions based on the constraints are also updated
• Use bin-packing and/or load-balancing algorithms for automatic binding
• Use a combination of manual and automatic binding
• Change the binding anytime and watch the numbers updated
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Hierarchical Hardware Definition
+ Multibus Box
- Multibus Box
+ Processors
Multibusi386
Multibusi386
i386 SBCi386 SBC Comm.Processor
Comm.Processor
- Multibus Box
- Processors
CPU
Communications
ADCPorts
ADCPorts
i386CPU
i386CPU
Network
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Hierarchical Software Definition
TemperatureAlert
TemperatureAlert
AlertCommunications
AlertCommunications
E1E2
TempMonitor
TempMonitor
E1 E2+ Monitor
- Monitor
+ M_Threads
Event E1?
Read_State
Process_Data
Output_Message
Trigger E3
Event E3?
Read_Info
Process_Info
Output_Message
Trigger E2
- Monitor
- M_Threads
M_Actions
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Binding Software to Hardware
ADCPorts
ADCPorts
i386CPU
i386CPU
Drag-and-drop
- Multibus Box
- Processors
CPU
Communications
- Monitor
- M_Threads
M_Actions
Event E1?
Read_State
Process_Data
Output_Message
Trigger E3
Event E3?
Read_Info
Process_Info
Output_Message
Trigger E2
Both manual and automatic binding are supported.
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Automatic Binding of S/W to H/W• bin-packing:
– leave capacity for future growth
– have processors “idle” for replication of critical tasks
– we apply “best-fit” bin-packing
• load-balancing:
– spreads out tasks so that some task is likely to get hurt if any node fails.
12 5 7
69 10
11
84
3
12
911
10
12 5 643 7
8
12
Bin-packing Load-balancing
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
Your problems addressed by TimeWiz
RMA based single node analysisAnalyze your single processor system to estimate the worst- case timing behavior with Rate-Monotonic, Deadline-Monotonic or any other Fixed-Priority scheduling scheme, used universally by real-time operating systems.
Distributed SystemsRepresent your large system exactly as comprising of multiple processing elements and network links. Analyze the worst-case end-to-end latencies encountered by your data streams. Simulate to obtain the stochastic distribution of the end-to-end latencies. Network elements are included in both analysis and simulation.
CanBusAnalyze the worst-case response times of all CANbusmessages based on their message IDs, sizes and frequencies. Use in your distributed system and analyze/simulate end-to-end response times.
Networks (Ethernet/FDDI)Study the effect of collisions, visualize deterministic Vs. non-deterministic utilization. Model your own custom protocols(e.g., token passing/TDM) on top of the standard models.
SimulationA powerful simulation engine models your processes, whetherprocessor or network based. Specify stochastic arrivals and/or executions; obtain statistical distribution of response times.
Interactive ReconfigurationRepresent your hardware and software architectures independently and hierarchically. Then use a hybrid of automatic algorithms and manual assignments to bind software elements to hardware, updating numbers on the fly.
Response to External EventsTrace paths of responses to external events through yourhierarchical, distributed system of processors and networks. Analyze and simulate to find worst-case and average case times.
Multiple Resource ConstraintsMap software elements to hardware resources automatically to satisfy multiple resource constraints (processing times, memory requirements, bandwidth requirements, logical sharing) simultaneously. See the damaging effects of priority inversion and use a priority inheritance protocol to take control.
Go back to Introduction to TimeWiz
Please click on an icon of interest
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
Problem Significance• The functionality to handle an external event is typically ‘distributed’
across multiple processors and/or networks
• Each external event handled by a different path through the system
• When mapping of functionality to hardware element(s) change, response requirements should still be satisfied
• Worst-case response times to external are needed for system certification for operation in safety-critical systems
• Worst-case is often too pessimistic; average response time is more useful for comparison of vendors and architectures
Operator Stations
Historical Archives
Logging & Printers
Control Functions
Gateway
Protection Functions
Field (Process)
1
2
3
4
High Speed Network
High Temperature Event
Update Display on High Temperature
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• Diagram your hardware and software hierarchy independently
• Draw the path of external events via Tracers that travel through software hierarchy
• Use ‘glued’ connectors and propagate connectivity across the entire software hierarchy
• Rate-Monotonic Analysis (RMA) based analysis automatically updates worst-case response time, if possible.
• Perform a comprehensive simulation with accurate component models to obtain minimum, maximum, mean and standard deviation of system response to each Tracer.
• Interactively change the binding of software elements to hardware and watch the numbers updated!
TimeWiz Solution
High Temperature Event
TransmitData
ProcessInput
UpdateDisplay
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• Define arrival patterns for tracers via property inspector or table
• Define execution patterns for actions
• Define tracer path diagrammatically orusing property inspector or table
• Perform analysis to update worst-case response
• Perform simulation to update statistical response
Tracers
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
Your problems addressed by TimeWiz
RMA based single node analysisAnalyze your single processor system to estimate the worst- case timing behavior with Rate-Monotonic, Deadline-Monotonic or any other Fixed-Priority scheduling scheme, used universally by real-time operating systems.
Distributed SystemsRepresent your large system exactly as comprising of multiple processing elements and network links. Analyze the worst-case end-to-end latencies encountered by your data streams. Simulate to obtain the stochastic distribution of the end-to-end latencies. Network elements are included in both analysis and simulation.
CanBusAnalyze the worst-case response times of all CANbusmessages based on their message IDs, sizes and frequencies. Use in your distributed system and analyze/simulate end-to-end response times.
Networks (Ethernet/FDDI)Study the effect of collisions, visualize deterministic Vs. non-deterministic utilization. Model your own custom protocols(e.g., token passing/TDM) on top of the standard models.
SimulationA powerful simulation engine models your processes, whetherprocessor or network based. Specify stochastic arrivals and/or executions; obtain statistical distribution of response times.
Interactive ReconfigurationRepresent your hardware and software architectures independently and hierarchically. Then use a hybrid of automatic algorithms and manual assignments to bind software elements to hardware, updating numbers on the fly.
Response to External EventsTrace paths of responses to external events through yourhierarchical, distributed system of processors and networks. Analyze and simulate to find worst-case and average case times.
Multiple Resource ConstraintsMap software elements to hardware resources automatically to satisfy multiple resource constraints (processing times, memory requirements, bandwidth requirements, logical sharing) simultaneously. See the damaging effects of priority inversion and use a priority inheritance protocol to take control.
Go back to Introduction to TimeWiz
Please click on an icon of interest
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A Whirlwind Tour of TimeWiz• In this section, you will learn how TimeWiz can be used to represent,
analyze, simulate, plot and document your real-time system. Define your system visually and easily using catalogs and
palettes,
Represent hierarchically both the hardware and software configurations of your system,
Use multiple views to and hierarchical representation,
Run Timing Analysis and Simulation, and interpret the results,
Visualize results using multiple plot types,
Document your system with multiple integrated views,
Customize pretty much every aspect of TimeWiz, and
Exploit TimeWiz’ knowledge of commercial real-time OSs.
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Catalogs• A “catalog” file (with extension “.twc”) is associated with every
TimeWiz project.
– This file contains a set of resource objects, event objects, action objects and logical resource objects.
– Objects are grouped into palettes
– Each object has a visual symbol with pre-defined attributes (such as Name) whose associated values can be modified/read within TimeWiz.
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Using Catalogs• TimeWiz comes with many catalogs that you can use readily.
• You can derive/create new catalogs using the TimeWiz Catalog Editor.
– you can create new objects, edit visual symbols and add new attributes.
• You can also contact TimeSys Corporation (at [email protected]) to derive/create custom catalogs to satisfy any special needs.
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Represent Hardware Architecture• You can represent your hardware architecture visually and
hierarchically using resource palettes defined in various catalogs
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Using Palettes• Palettes are collections TimeWiz objects
• They are part of TimeWiz catalogs
• Use default palettes or create/modify palettes to suit your own needs
• Three types of palettes: Resource, Action and Event Palettes
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Hierarchical Representation• You can capture your hardware architecture in a hierarchical manner
• Hierarchy browser helps you to navigate to different levels of the hardware architecture
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Logical Resources• Logical resources can also be specified in the Hardware Diagram
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Represent Software Architecture• You can represent your software architecture visually and
hierarchically using action/event palettes defined in various catalogs
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Represent Trigger/Action Paths• A Trigger Path represents sequence of events that are executed on a
single resource in response to a trigger event
• A Tracer Path represents a path through distributed software and hardware elements of the system. It is used to compute the system response due to external (“tracer”) events.
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Hierarchical Representation• You can capture your software architecture in a hierarchical manner
• The Hierarchy Browser helps you to navigate to different levels of the software architecture
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Using Inspector Window• The Inspector Window can be used to view/enter/modify values for
different properties corresponding to the specific instances of various TimeWiz objects
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Hardware Table View• The Hardware Table View is used to view/enter/modify values for
different properties corresponding to groups of TimeWiz resource objects
• Examples:
– Scheduling policy
– Data-sharing policy
– Context switch time
– Logical resources
– Utilization
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Software Table View• The Software Table View can be used to view/enter/modify values for
different properties corresponding to groups of TimeWiz action objects
• Examples:
– Execution Time/Message Size
– Executes on/Transmits on
– Priority Value
– Utilization
– Worst completion
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Action Table View• The Action Table View can be used to view/enter/modify values for
trigger and tracer events
• Examples:
– Arrival type
– Period
– Deadline
– Response actions
– Utilization
– Worst completion
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Binding Software to Hardware• Software elements can be bound to hardware elements
• Manual binding
– Using diagram views
– Using action table view
• Automatic Binding
Drag-and-drop
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Automatic Binding• Software elements can be bound to hardware elements
• Manual binding
• Automatic Binding
– Bin-packing
– Load balancing
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“What-If” Analysis• TimeWiz continuously responds to the values entered by the user by
calculating, updating and displaying the results in the various view windows
• Examples
Try changing
– period
– execution time
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Viewing Results - Timeline View
• Timeline View illustrates concurrent execution of tasks (or transmission of network packets)
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Viewing Results - Plot View• Plot View presents in a graphical form various specified and computed
parameters. Example: resource utilization, completion time, deadline, blocking etc.
• Variety of plot types (2-D or 3-D bar charts, pie charts, lines etc.)
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Entering Simulation Data
• Enter the type of distribution, and distribution parameters (mean, standard deviation) for execution time, period etc.
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Running Simulation
• Set simulation parameters and simulation trace messages using the preferences dialog box
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Output from Simulation
• When the simulation is run, TimeWiz outputs some informative messages in the output window
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Viewing Simulation Results
• Results of the simulation are displayed in the table view
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Viewing Simulation Results
• Results of the simulation can also be viewed using the plot view
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Using The Catalog Editor
• Create your own catalogs of TimeWiz objects with custom properties using the catalog editor
• Create/draw new symbols, and import metafiles and bitmaps
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Using The Catalog Editor• Four types of TimeWiz objects: actions, events, resources and
drawing objects
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Creating New TimeWiz Projects (1)A typical sequence of steps to create TimeWiz projects is as follows:
1. Pick a Catalog file.
2. Represent your hardware configuration using resource palettes.
– you can also create new resources in the Hardware Table View.
3. Represent your software configuration using event/action palettes.
– you can also create new events (actions) in the Event (Action) Table View.
4. Bind software actions to hardware resources.
– use automatic (bin-packing) and/or use drag-and-drop across the Diagram Views
– you can also use the Action Table View and pick from the list of eligible hardware resources.
5. Modify hardware or software parameters in the Property Inspector and/or Table Views.
– analysis results will be displayed immediately (w/ immediate analysis enabled).
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Creating New TimeWiz Projects (2)6. Optionally, specify distributions of system parameters and simulate the
system.
– simulation results will automatically appear in the Table Views.
7. Display results on the Plot View.
– plot parameters of resources, events or actions.
8. Pick the Report View to display an integrated report of your system with multiple views.
– print report.
9. Iterate through any and all of the above steps in any combination.
– use the hierarchical browser to access any level within the system hierarchy ,
– focus on subsets of the system for any given view using the browser.
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Advanced TimeWiz Pro Features• Customize catalogs with the TimeWiz Catalog Designer to cater to
your specific needs.
• Write custom analysis modules using Visual C++ and an easy-to-use API.
• Write custom simulation modules using C/C++ and a powerful process-oriented simulation engine.
• Write custom Visual Basic scripts to enforce your system-specific rules for connecting only appropriate elements.
– Use these scripts to animate system objects during simulation
• Customize report formats using the TimeWiz Report Designer.
The above features are available only in the Professional Edition of TimeWiz.
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Using Commercial Real-Time OSs (1)• Fully Automated Support for VxWorksTM
– use WindView log files to define your system configuration and parameters automatically
• Custom Catalogs and Characterizations of Popular Real-Time OSs
– LynxOS• POSIX-compliant and supports 256 priority levels.
– pSoS from Integrated Systems• Is pSoS small? TimeWiz keeps track of its memory usage so you
don't have to!
– QNX• Is QNX thread creation efficient? Instantiate thread creation actions
with the click of a button.
– Real-Time Mach from Carnegie Mellon University• RT-Mach supports rate-monotonic based processor reservation and
so does TimeWiz!
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Using Commercial Real-Time OSs (2)– VxWorks from Wind River Systems
• TimeWiz knows about its good context switching times
– Windows 95 • Did you know that Windows 95 supports fixed priority scheduling
and priority inheritance?
• TimeWiz support does - just pick the Windows 95 catalog for your project and it's all in there!
– Windows CE• Did you know that Windowx CE supports more priority levels than
Windows 95 and Windows NT? TimeWiz keeps track of it for you automatically.
– Windows NT• Did you know that Windows NT does not support priority
inheritance?
• Do you have other options to avoid priority inversion? TimeWiz support for Windows NT shows your way out.
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Introduction to TimeWizTM
Solving Your ProblemsSee how TimeWiz addresses problems specific to your application context.
Application DomainsFind out various application domains where TimeWiz can be effectively applied.
TimeWiz ArchitectureCheck out the flexible TimeWiz framework, and the powerful, standard system model.
Exit Presentation
Key User Interface FeaturesCheck out the latest and finest user interface under Windows.
TimeWiz: A Quick TourTake a quick whirl-wind tour of TimeWiz.
Please click on an icon
of interest
Recommended
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User Interface Overview
TimingAnalysis Engine
Simulation Engine
TimingAnalysis Engine
Simulation Engine
SystemConfiguration
SystemConfiguration
DiagramView
DiagramView
TabularView
TabularView
HierarchyView
HierarchyView
PlotView
PlotView
TimelineView
TimelineView
ReportView
ReportView
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User Interface Details
TimingAnalysis Engine
TimingAnalysis Engine
SystemConfiguration
SystemConfiguration
DiagramView
DiagramView
TabularView
TabularView
HierarchyView
HierarchyView
PlotView
PlotView
TimelineView
TimelineView
ReportView
ReportView
HardwareConfiguration
HardwareConfiguration
SoftwareConfiguration
SoftwareConfiguration
TimingSimulation Engine
TimingSimulation Engine
DiagramView
DiagramView
TabularView
TabularView
HierarchyView
HierarchyView
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
TimeWiz Modules
SystemRepresentation
Modeling
RMA basedAnalysis
Plug-ins
Team Development
Costing and Budgeting
VisualizationCharting/Reporting
End-to-endSimulation
Integrated Design Environment for Real-Time Systems
Documentation
Graphical User Interface
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User Interface Elements 1Office-97 style
customizable toolbars
VC++ IDE stylecustomizable workspace
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User Interface Elements 2Tabbed hierarchical browser
for easy navigation of hardware/software architecture
Tabbed output windowfor organizing messages
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User Interface Elements 3
Workbook mode for organizing multiple views
VB-Style dockable property inspector
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User Interface - Diagram Views
Diagramming theHardware Architecture
Diagramming theSoftware Architecture
Customizable Palettes
Links stay ‘glued’ and propagate
connectivity info across hierarchies
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User Interface - Table Views
Resource, Action and Event Tables
Drop-down lists and drop-down grids
Custom shading, fonts, colors and alignment
Check-boxes, thumb-wheels and calendar
Multiple tabs for differentobject types defined via
catalog designer
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User Interface - Plot Views
Resource, Action and Event Plots
Custom titles, legends, scales and fonts
Custom selection of shapescolors, patterns, 3-D perspective
Data display simplyby double-clicking
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User Interface - Timeline View
Resource Plot, multiplewindow support
Zoom by percent, by rectangleor pan using an overview window
Select resource, specify end-time, scale etc.Tooltips and status bar
updated with data onmouse move over area
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User Interface - Report ViewResource report, multiple
window support
Print preview, printer selection andsetup, queuing and print support
Pick elements and custom layoutvia offline Report Designer
Embed properties directlyin the report via
“variable strings”
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Introduction to TimeWizTM
Solving Your ProblemsSee how TimeWiz addresses problems specific to your application context.
Application DomainsFind out various application domains where TimeWiz can be effectively applied.
TimeWiz ArchitectureCheck out the flexible TimeWiz framework, and the powerful, standard system model.
Exit Presentation
Key User Interface FeaturesCheck out the latest and finest user interface under Windows.
TimeWiz: A Quick TourTake a quick whirl-wind tour of TimeWiz.
Please click on an icon
of interest
Recommended
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
Framework
• Object-oriented design
• Property-value model
• Define Custom objects and associated properties via Catalog Designer
• API (Application Programming Interface) for custom analysis and simulation modules
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Model• Concepts from The Handbook of Real-Time Systems Analysis -
Published by CMU Software Engineering Institute (CMU/SEI)
– Resource
– Events
– Actions/Tasks
• Hierarchy objects
• Tracer events and end-to-end response
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TimeWiz Modules
SystemRepresentation
Modeling
RMA basedAnalysis
Plug-ins
Team Development
Costing and Budgeting
VisualizationCharting/Reporting
End-to-endSimulation
Integrated Design Environment for Real-Time Systems
Documentation
Graphical User Interface
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
Analysis
• Rate-Monotonic Analysis (RMA)
• Handles Processing (e.g. CPU) and Network (e.g. CAN bus) Elements
• Logical Resources (e.g. Memory) and Priority inheritance
• Multiple views of the system which are updated instantly
– visual, textual, plot or report
• Extensible
– add custom rules to disallow invalid connections between components
– add custom analysis and/or simulation modules
– define custom catalogs to adhere to your visual conventions
– add custom attributes to any object to represent your useful parameters (like vendor addresses, cost, etc.)
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Simulation
• End-to-end timing
• Distributed systems
• Average-case response for external events
• Logical resources and Priority inheritance
• Extensible
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Graphical User Interface• Microsoft VC++ like environment
• Customizable workspace
• Customizable toolbars
• Property inspector
• Extensive diagramming capability
• Hierarchical browsers
• Tables
• Charting
• Reporting
• Built-in basic scripting engine
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
Introduction to TimeWizTM
Solving Your ProblemsSee how TimeWiz addresses problems specific to your application context.
Application DomainsFind out various application domains where TimeWiz can be effectively applied.
TimeWiz ArchitectureCheck out the flexible TimeWiz framework, and the powerful, standard system model.
Exit Presentation
Key User Interface FeaturesCheck out the latest and finest user interface under Windows.
TimeWiz: A Quick TourTake a quick whirl-wind tour of TimeWiz.
Please click on an icon
of interest
Recommended
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
Application Domains (1)• Defense systems
– weapon control, avionics, shipboard control
– submarine control, missile systems, target tracking
– command and control systems
• Nuclear power generation
• SCADA systems (electric utilities)
• Aerospace and Space Applications
– satellite control, space shuttle, planetary explorers
– air traffic control, avionics.
• Transportation systems
– Automotive control, Railroad signaling, People movers
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Application Domains (2)• Industrial control
– Process control, Manufacturing
• Medical instrumentation
– CAT scan systems, cardiac stations, etc.
• Multimedia systems
– high-definition TV systems
– video servers
– IP telephony
• Tele-communications
– telephone switching
– cellular phone systems
• Networking
– Quality of Service delivery
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Benefits (1)• Significantly reduced costs for design, development and testing
– identify problems early in the design phase
• Timing Predictability and Stability
– verify the worst-case delays under all possible task phasings
• Certifiability
– a mathematical framework to validate system timing behavior for certification and regulatory agencies
• Support for All Phases of the Software Life-Cycle
– Rate-Monotonic Analysis guides you through every step of the development and testing process with a well-understood framework
• The Competitive Edge
– convincingly demonstrate guaranteed worst-case delays and superior average-case performance despite lower system costs
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Benefits (2)• Integration with the rest of your development environment
– link to requirements, design and system documents
• What-if Analysis
– plan for future growth
– check if lower-cost (lower speed) components satisfy your requirements
• Automatic tracking of who created and modified what object and when
• Automated cost tracking
• Association of any desired attributes with any object
• Customize for any specific requirement and convention
– supply custom analysis and simulation modules
– choose your own conventions and symbols
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
Introduction to TimeWizTM
Solving Your ProblemsSee how TimeWiz addresses problems specific to your application context.
Application DomainsFind out various application domains where TimeWiz can be effectively applied.
TimeWiz ArchitectureCheck out the flexible TimeWiz framework, and the powerful, standard system model.
Exit Presentation
Key User Interface FeaturesCheck out the latest and finest user interface under Windows.
TimeWiz: A Quick TourTake a quick whirl-wind tour of TimeWiz.
Please click on an icon
of interest
Recommended
Real-Time... Real SolutionsTimeSys Corporation
In addition to going through these slides, please
• Go through the various lessons in the step-by-step tutorial section (~/TimeWiz/tutotial/lesson*.twz) in the TimeWiz installation directory. use the online help to guide you.
• Open the various example/sample problems specific to your applicatio domain (~/TimeWiz/examples/*.twz).
• For a quick introduction to solving
– Processor Analysis (Plant control)
– CANBus analysis (Automotive control)
– End-to-end simulation (Process control)
– Logical resources (Medical Instrumentation)
– Bin packing, Load balancing (Avionics Scheduling)
For An Interactive Online Intro….
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Other TimeSys Products and Services• ViewNTTM
– an online profiling environment for real-time systems
• TimeTipsTM
– Off-site and on-site consulting services
– Custom analysis and simulation modules
• Training Courses
– Rate-Monotonic Analysis
– Real-Time CORBA
– Real-Time UML
– TimeWiz customization
www.timesys.com