reading structural drawings nicole baer, p.e. president, structural engineering institute –...
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Reading Structural Drawings
Nicole Baer, P.E.
President, Structural Engineering Institute – Maryland Chapter
October 2011
General Information
Site/Civil
Landscape
Architectural
Structural
Mechanical
Electrical
Plumbing
Typical Drawing Order
General Information Codes, Symbols, Basis of Design
Plans Foundation, Floors, Roof
Elevations Height and Exterior Finish
Sections Wall Type, Framing Direction
Details Connections, Typical Conditions
Schedules Column Type, Beam Types
Typical Discipline Drawings
Architect Plans through
middle, looking down
MEP Engineer Plans through
middle, looking up
Structural Engineer Plans at floor,
looking down
Which Plan Do I Need?
Symbols Identity Symbols
• Moment Connection Line Symbols
• Pinned Connection• Cantilever• Hidden Line Supports Below• Solid Line Supports Above
Material Symbols Reference Symbols Text Symbols
Structural Drawing Symbols
General Information Codes, Symbols, Basis of Design
Design Loads• Live Loads• Dead Loads• Wind Loads• Seismic Loads
Strength of Materials
Structural Notes and Specifications
Spread Footing Soil Capacity, Footing Depth, Footing Size
PLAN #1 – Foundation Plan
Spread Footing Soil Capacity, Footing Depth, Footing Size
PLAN #1 – Foundation Plan
Spread Footing Soil Capacity, Footing Depth, Footing Size
PLAN #1 – Foundation Plan
Spread Footing Soil Capacity, Footing Depth, Footing Size
PLAN #1 – Foundation Plan
Deep Foundations Caissons, Piles with Pile Caps, H-Piles, Micro-piles
PLAN #1 – Foundation Plan
Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types
PLAN #2 – Floor Plan
Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types
PLAN #2 – Floor Plan
STEEL SHAPE:W: Wide Flange (I-Beam)18: 18” Height46: 46 plf
STEEL JOIST:20: 20” HeightLH: Long Span
Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types
PLAN #2 – Floor Plan
T.O.S. = Top Of Steel (Actual)
W18 is 5” BELOW REFERENCE
No Call Out = At REFERENCE
Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types
PLAN #2 – Floor Plan
Moment Connection
Pin Connection (Same Elevations)
Pin Connection (Diff Elevations)
Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types
PLAN #2 – Floor Plan
Moment Connection
Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types
PLAN #2 – Floor Plan
Pinned Connection, Same Elevation
Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types
PLAN #2 – Floor Plan
Pinned Connection, Diff Elevations
OR:
Concrete Framing Beam Sizes, Slab Reinforcing, Relative Elevations
PLAN #2 – Floor Plan
Concrete Framing Beam Sizes, Slab Reinforcing, Relative Elevations
PLAN #2 – Floor Plan
Concrete Framing Beam Sizes, Slab Reinforcing, Relative Elevations
PLAN #2 – Floor Plan
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Concrete Framing Beam Sizes, Slab Reinforcing, Relative Elevations
PLAN #2 – Floor Plan
Repeating Information Width of Slab “Strips” Define “Standard” Steel Connections Slab on Grade Details Wall Brace Details Joist to Beam Connections Define Column Bases Define Bearing Plates Column Tie Layouts Lintel Sizes Concrete Beam Depth and Flange Defined Footings with Pier Construction Interior Column Isolation JointsThe List Goes On….
Typical Details
Project Specific Information
Exterior Wall to Framing
Stairwells and Openings
Exterior Grade
Sections
Project Specific Information
Exterior Wall to Framing
Stairwells and Openings
Exterior Grade
Sections
Project Specific Information
Exterior Wall to Framing
Stairwells and Openings
Exterior Grade
Sections
Types of Schedules Column Schedules – Steel, Concrete Beam Schedules – Concrete,
Sometimes Steel Footing Schedules Pier Schedules Shear Wall Schedules
Method of Scheduling, General1. Assign a “Mark” (B-1)2. Refer to Schedule for Size,
Reinforcing, Lengths3. Refer to Typical Detail for
Definitions
Schedules
Column Schedules Vertical Extent Foundation Elevation Splice Locations
Schedules
Reading Structural Drawings
Questions?